10 Reasons You Should Care about dsRNA Synthesis
It's not easy to get excited about RNA synthesis, even if you're a scientist. The field is just so technical that most people have no idea what it means or why they should care. There are lots of reasons for that, but in this post, I'll focus on 10 big ones, the kind of things you might mention to someone who works in another branch of biology and wants to know more about your work. RNA-guided genome editing tools that use dsRNA as a targeting agent have been used to edit pretty much every model organism from plants to mice, with the power to correct disease-associated mutations in those animals.
Dsrna Synthesis
A recent study just reported using CRISPR/Cas9 delivered by adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors to successfully fix a mutation causing Duchenne muscular dystrophy in a mouse. You can read more about how this is applied through an educational website called " The CRISPR solution, "which provides basic information on CRISPR and its current applications. In 2013, synthetic biologists created self-replicating molecules of DNA containing all the code necessary to assemble antibiotic resistance genes.
The potential for this technology to be abused is clear, but the ability to easily and cheaply create large populations of custom-made molecules also has a lot of potential applications in biotechnology. For example, it could be used to create new vaccines or to rapidly generate libraries of small molecules that could be screened for potential drug candidates. Dsrna Synthesis is a key step in creating " designer cells, "which are cells that have been genetically modified to express new genes or proteins not found in nature.
Dsrna
This technology is being used to develop new treatments for cancer, HIV and other diseases, as well as novel diagnostic tools and cell-based therapies. In 2013, a team of researchers led by Professor Floyd Romesberg at the Scripps Research Institute announced that they had created a synthetic organism that could replicate and evolve using an expanded genetic alphabet. The artificial DNA base pair they developed, called X and Y, was incorporated into the cells of an E. coli strain and allowed the cells to grow and reproduce normally.
While this doesn't have any immediate applications, it demonstrates that it is possible to create lifeforms with new genetic information, paving the way for future advances in biotechnology. dsRNA synthesis is also used to create "chimeric RNAs," which are RNAs that contain sequences from more than one source. This technology can be used to study gene regulation and protein-RNA interactions, as well as to create novel therapeutic tools. dsRNA synthesis is used to create "guide RNAs," which are RNA molecules that can be used to target Cas proteins, enzymes that are part of the CRISPR system.
Guide RNAs are being widely used to develop new genetic tools for gene editing and genome engineering. dsRNA synthesis is also used to create " expression vectors, "which are DNA molecules that contain the genetic information necessary to produce a particular protein. Expression vectors are commonly used in gene therapy, where they are used to introduce new genes into cells to treat diseases.
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