Our recent published data on astaxanthin extraction, analysis, stability studies, and its biological activities results were added to this review paper. Based on our results and current literature, astaxanthin showed potential biological activity in in vitro and in vivo models.
This present review paper provides information on astaxanthin sources, extraction methods, storage stability, biological activities, and health benefits for the prevention of various diseases and use in commercial applications.
This document details its natural and synthetic sources, explores the critical aspects of its bioavailability, and presents established experimental protocols for its extraction, quantification, and biological assessment.

Unlike many other antioxidants, astaxanthin's unique molecular structure allows it to span biological membranes, providing comprehensive protection against oxidative stress.
This study aims to address these gaps by synthesizing current research on natural ASX sources, extraction and encapsulation strategies, physicochemical properties, and delivery systems designed to enhance its stability, bioactivity, and functional performance across diverse sectors.

Astaxanthin patent applications are available in food, feed and nutraceutical applications. The current review provides up-to-date information on astaxanthin sources, extraction, analysis, stability, biological activities...
Astaxanthin: Sources, Extraction, Stability, Biological Activities and Its Commercial ApplicationsA Review. Ranga Rao Ambati, Siew-Moi Phang, Sarada Ravi, Ravishankar Gokare Aswathanarayana +3 moreUniversity of Malaya. - 07 Jan 2014.
Sources of Natural Astaxanthin Powder. Microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis: The Dominant Commercial Source.When it comes from marine sources, astaxanthin is also found in its free state, not esterified. This makes it less stable when it is kept and handled.