# Information Schema

CockroachDB provides a virtual schema called `information_schema` that contains information about your database's tables, columns, indexes, and views. This information can be used for introspection and reflection.

The definition of `information_schema` is part of the SQL standard and can therefore be relied on to remain stable over time. This contrasts with CockroachDB's `SHOW` statements, which provide similar data and are meant to be stable in CockroachDB but not standardized. It also contrasts with the virtual schema `crdb_internal`, which reflects the internals of CockroachDB and may thus change across CockroachDB versions.

Note:

The `information_schema` views typically represent objects that the current user has privilege to access. To ensure you can view all the objects in a database, access it as the `root` user.

## Data exposed by information_schema

To perform introspection on objects, you can either read from the related `information_schema` table or use one of CockroachDB's `SHOW` statements.

Object | Information Schema Table | Corresponding `SHOW` Statement
--- | --- | ---
Columns | `columns` | `SHOW COLUMNS`
Constraints | `check_constraints`, `key_column_usage`, `referential_constraints`, `table_constraints` | `SHOW CONSTRAINTS`
Databases | `schemata` | `SHOW DATABASE`
Indexes | `statistics` | `SHOW INDEX`
Privileges | `schema_privileges`, `table_privileges` | `SHOW GRANTS`
Roles | `role_table_grants` | `SHOW ROLES`
Sequences | `sequences` | `SHOW CREATE SEQUENCE`
Tables | `tables` | `SHOW TABLES`
Views | `tables`, `views` | `SHOW CREATE`

## Tables in information_schema

The virtual schema `information_schema` contains virtual tables, also called "system views," representing the database's objects, each of which is detailed below.

These differ from regular SQL views in that they are not showing data created from the content of other tables. Instead, CockroachDB generates the data for virtual tables when they are accessed.

Currently, there are some `information_schema` tables that are empty but provided for compatibility:

- `routines`
- `parameters`

Note:

A query can specify a table name without a database name (e.g., `SELECT * FROM information_schema.sequences`). See Name Resolution for more information.

Tip:

The virtual tables in `information_schema` contain useful comments with links to further documentation. To view these comments, use `SHOW TABLES FROM information_schema WITH COMMENT`:

### administrable_role_authorizations

`administrable_role_authorizations` identifies all roles that the current user has the admin option for.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`grantee` | The name of the user to which this role membership was granted (always the current user).

### applicable_roles

`applicable_roles` identifies all roles whose privileges the current user can use. This implies there is a chain of role grants from the current user to the role in question. The current user itself is also an applicable role, but is not listed.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`grantee` | Name of the user to which this role membership was granted (always the current user).
`role_name` | Name of a role.
`is_grantable` | `YES` if the grantee has the admin option on the role; `NO` if not.

### check_constraints

`check_constraints` contains information about the `CHECK` constraints applied to columns in a database.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`constraint_catalog` | Name of the database containing the constraint.
`constraint_schema` | Name of the schema containing the constraint.
`constraint_name` | Name of the constraint.
`check_clause` | Definition of the `CHECK` constraint.

### columns

`columns` contains information about the columns in each table.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`table_catalog` | Name of the database containing the table.
`table_schema` | Name of the schema containing the table.
`table_name` | Name of the table.
`column_name` | Name of the column.
`ordinal_position` | Ordinal position of the column in the table (begins at 1).
`column_default` | Default value for the column.
`is_nullable` | `YES` if the column accepts `NULL` values; `NO` if it doesn't (e.g., it has the `NOT NULL` constraint).
`data_type` | Data type of the column.
`character_maximum_length` | If `data_type` is `STRING`, the maximum length in characters of a value; otherwise `NULL`.
`character_octet_length` | If `data_type` is `STRING`, the maximum length in octets (bytes) of a value; otherwise `NULL`.
`numeric_precision` | If `data_type` is numeric, the declared or implicit precision (i.e., number of significant digits); otherwise `NULL`.
`numeric_precision_radix` | If `data_type` identifies a numeric type, the base in which the values in the columns `numeric_precision` and `numeric_scale` are expressed (either `2` or `10`). For all other data types, column is `NULL`.
`numeric_scale` | If `data_type` is an exact numeric type, the scale (i.e., number of digits to the right of the decimal point); otherwise `NULL`.
`datetime_precision` | New in v20.2: The precision level of columns with data type `TIME`/`TIMETZ`, `TIMESTAMP`/`TIMESTAMPTZ`, or `INTERVAL`. For all other data types, this column is `NULL`.
`interval_type` | If `data_type` is `INTERVAL`, the specified fields (e.g., `YEAR TO MONTH`); otherwise `NULL`.
`interval_precision` | If `data_type` is `INTERVAL`, the declared or implicit precision (i.e., number of significant digits); otherwise `NULL`.
`character_set_catalog` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`character_set_schema` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`character_set_name` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`collation_catalog` | Name of the database containing the collation (always the current database); `NULL` if the default collation is used, or if `data_type` is not collatable.
`collation_schema` | Name of the schema containing the collation; `NULL` if the default collation is used, or if `data_type` is not collatable.
`collation_name` | Name of the collation; `NULL` if the default collation is used, or if `data_type` is not collatable.
`domain_catalog` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`domain_schema` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`domain_name` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`udt_catalog` | Name of the column data type's database (always the current database).
`udt_schema` | Name of the column data type's schema.
`udt_name` | Name of the column data type.
`scope_catalog` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`scope_schema` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`scope_name` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`maximum_cardinality` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`dtd_identifier` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`is_self_referencing` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`is_identity` | Whether or not the column is an identity column (always `NO`).
`identity_generation` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`identity_start` | If the column is an identity column, then the start value of the internal sequence, else `NULL`.
`identity_increment` | If the column is an identity column, then the increment of the internal sequence, else `NULL`.
`identity_maximum` | If the column is an identity column, then the maximum value of the internal sequence, else `NULL`.
`identity_minimum` | If the column is an identity column, then the minimum value of the internal sequence, else `NULL`.
`identity_cycle` | If the column is an identity column, then `YES` if the internal sequence cycles or `NO` if it does not; otherwise `NULL`.
`is_generated` | Whether or not the column is generated (i.e., a computed column). Possible values: `YES` or `NO`.
`generation_expression` | The expression used for computing the column value in a computed column.
`is_updatable` | Whether or not the column is able to be updated. Possible values: `YES` or `NO`.
`is_hidden` | Whether or not the column is hidden. Possible values: `YES` or `NO`.
`crdb_sql_type` | Data type of the column.

### column_privileges

`column_privileges` identifies all privileges granted on columns to or by a currently enabled role. There is one row for each combination of `grantor`, `grantee`, and column (defined by `table_catalog`, `table_schema`, `table_name`, and `column_name`).

Column | Description
--- | ---
`grantor` | Name of the role that granted the privilege.
`grantee` | Name of the role that was granted the privilege.
`table_catalog` | Name of the database containing the table that contains the column (always the current database).
`table_schema` | Name of the schema containing the table that contains the column.
`table_name` | Name of the table.
`column_name` | Name of the column.
`privilege_type` | Name of the privilege.
`is_grantable` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).

### constraint_column_usage

`constraint_column_usage` identifies all columns in a database that are used by some constraint.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`table_catalog` | Name of the database that contains the table that contains the column that is used by some constraint.
`table_schema` | Name of the schema that contains the table that contains the column that is used by some constraint.
`table_name` | Name of the table that contains the column that is used by some constraint.
`column_name` | Name of the column that is used by some constraint.
`constraint_catalog` | Name of the database that contains the constraint.
`constraint_schema` | Name of the schema that contains the constraint.
`constraint_name` | Name of the constraint.

### enabled_roles

The `enabled_roles` view identifies enabled roles for the current user. This includes both direct and indirect roles.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`role_name` | Name of a role.

### key_column_usage

`key_column_usage` identifies columns with `PRIMARY KEY`, `UNIQUE`, or foreign key / `REFERENCES` constraints.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`constraint_catalog` | Name of the database containing the constraint.
`constraint_schema` | Name of the schema containing the constraint.
`constraint_name` | Name of the constraint.
`table_catalog` | Name of the database containing the constrained table.
`table_schema` | Name of the schema containing the constrained table.
`table_name` | Name of the constrained table.
`column_name` | Name of the constrained column.
`ordinal_position` | Ordinal position of the column within the constraint (begins at 1).
`position_in_unique_constraint` | For foreign key constraints, ordinal position of the referenced column within its uniqueness constraint (begins at 1).

### parameters

`parameters` is an empty view, provided for PostgreSQL compatibility.

CockroachDB does not yet support stored procedures. For details, see the GitHub tracking issue.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`specific_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`specific_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`specific_name` | Always `NULL`.
`ordinal_position` | Always `NULL`.
`parameter_mode` | Always `NULL`.
`is_result` | Always `NULL`.
`as_locator` | Always `NULL`.
`parameter_name` | Always `NULL`.
`data_type` | Always `NULL`.
`character_maximum_length` | Always `NULL`.
`character_octet_length` | Always `NULL`.
`character_set_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`character_set_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`character_set_name` | Always `NULL`.
`collation_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`collation_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`collation_name` | Always `NULL`.
`numeric_precision` | Always `NULL`.
`numeric_precision_radix` | Always `NULL`.
`numeric_scale` | Always `NULL`.
`datetime_precision` | Always `NULL`.
`interval_type` | Always `NULL`.
`interval_precision` | Always `NULL`.
`udt_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`udt_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`udt_name` | Always `NULL`.
`scope_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`scope_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`scope_name` | Always `NULL`.
`maximum_cardinality` | Always `NULL`.
`dtd_identifier` | Always `NULL`.
`parameter_default` | Always `NULL`.

### referential_constraints

`referential_constraints` identifies all referential (Foreign Key) constraints.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`constraint_catalog` | Name of the database containing the constraint.
`constraint_schema` | Name of the schema containing the constraint.
`constraint_name` | Name of the constraint.
`unique_constraint_catalog` | Name of the database containing the `UNIQUE` or `PRIMARY KEY` constraint that the foreign key constraint references (always the current database).
`unique_constraint_schema` | Name of the schema containing the `UNIQUE` or `PRIMARY KEY` constraint that the foreign key constraint references.
`unique_constraint_name` | Name of the `UNIQUE` or `PRIMARY KEY` constraint.
`match_option` | Match option of the foreign key constraint: `FULL`, `PARTIAL`, or `NONE`.
`update_rule` | Update rule of the foreign key constraint: `CASCADE`, `SET NULL`, `SET DEFAULT`, `RESTRICT`, or `NO ACTION`.
`delete_rule` | Delete rule of the foreign key constraint: `CASCADE`, `SET NULL`, `SET DEFAULT`, `RESTRICT`, or `NO ACTION`.
`table_name` | Name of the table containing the constraint.
`referenced_table_name` | Name of the table containing the `UNIQUE` or `PRIMARY KEY` constraint that the foreign key constraint references.

### role_table_grants

`role_table_grants` identifies which privileges have been granted on tables or views where the grantor or grantee is a currently enabled role. This table is identical to `table_privileges`.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`grantor` | Name of the role that granted the privilege.
`grantee` | Name of the role that was granted the privilege.
`table_catalog` | Name of the database containing the table.
`table_schema` | Name of the schema containing the table.
`table_name` | Name of the table.
`privilege_type` | Name of the privilege.
`is_grantable` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`with_hierarchy` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).

### routines

`routines` is an empty view, provided for PostgreSQL compatibility.

CockroachDB does not yet support stored procedures. For details, see the GitHub tracking issue.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`specific_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`specific_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`specific_name` | Always `NULL`.
`routine_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`routine_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`routine_name` | Always `NULL`.
`routine_type` | Always `NULL`.
`module_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`module_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`module_name` | Always `NULL`.
`udt_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`udt_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`udt_name` | Always `NULL`.
`data_type` | Always `NULL`.
`character_maximum_length` | Always `NULL`.
`character_octet_length` | Always `NULL`.
`character_set_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`character_set_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`character_set_name` | Always `NULL`.
`collation_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`collation_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`collation_name` | Always `NULL`.
`numeric_precision` | Always `NULL`.
`numeric_precision_radix` | Always `NULL`.
`numeric_scale` | Always `NULL`.
`datetime_precision` | Always `NULL`.
`interval_type` | Always `NULL`.
`interval_precision` | Always `NULL`.
`type_udt_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`type_udt_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`type_udt_name` | Always `NULL`.
`scope_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`scope_name` | Always `NULL`.
`maximum_cardinality` | Always `NULL`.
`dtd_identifier` | Always `NULL`.
`routine_body` | Always `NULL`.
`routine_definition` | Always `NULL`.
`external_name` | Always `NULL`.
`external_language` | Always `NULL`.
`parameter_style` | Always `NULL`.
`is_deterministic` | Always `NULL`.
`sql_data_access` | Always `NULL`.
`is_null_call` | Always `NULL`.
`sql_path` | Always `NULL`.
`schema_level_routine` | Always `NULL`.
`max_dynamic_result_sets` | Always `NULL`.
`is_user_defined_cast` | Always `NULL`.
`is_implicitly_invocable` | Always `NULL`.
`security_type` | Always `NULL`.
`to_sql_specific_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`to_sql_specific_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`to_sql_specific_name` | Always `NULL`.
`as_locator` | Always `NULL`.
`created` | Always `NULL`.
`last_altered` | Always `NULL`.
`new_savepoint_level` | Always `NULL`.
`is_udt_dependent` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_from_data_type` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_as_locator` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_char_max_length` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_char_octet_length` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_char_set_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_char_set_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_char_set_name` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_collation_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_collation_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_collation_name` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_numeric_precision` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_numeric_precision_radix` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_numeric_scale` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_datetime_precision` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_interval_type` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_interval_precision` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_type_udt_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_type_udt_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_type_udt_name` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_scope_catalog` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_scope_schema` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_scope_name` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_maximum_cardinality` | Always `NULL`.
`result_cast_dtd_identifier` | Always `NULL`.

### schema_privileges

`schema_privileges` identifies which privileges have been granted to each user at the database level.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`grantee` | Username of user with grant.
`table_catalog` | Name of the database containing the constrained table.
`table_schema` | Name of the schema containing the constrained table.
`privilege_type` | Name of the privilege.
`is_grantable` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).

### schemata

`schemata` identifies the database's schemas.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`table_catalog` | Name of the database.
`table_schema` | Name of the schema.
`default_character_set_name` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`sql_path` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).

### sequences

`sequences` identifies sequences defined in a database.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`sequence_catalog` | Name of the database that contains the sequence.
`sequence_schema` | Name of the schema that contains the sequence.
`sequence_name` | Name of the sequence.
`data_type` | The data type of the sequence.
`numeric_precision` | The (declared or implicit) precision of the sequence `data_type`.
`numeric_precision_radix` | The base of the values in which the columns `numeric_precision` and `numeric_scale` are expressed. The value is either `2` or `10`.
`numeric_scale` | The (declared or implicit) scale of the sequence `data_type`. The scale indicates the number of significant digits to the right of the decimal point. It can be expressed in decimal (base 10) or binary (base 2) terms, as specified in the column `numeric_precision_radix`.
`start_value` | The first value of the sequence.
`minimum_value` | The minimum value of the sequence.
`maximum_value` | The maximum value of the sequence.
`increment` | The value by which the sequence is incremented. A negative number creates a descending sequence. A positive number creates an ascending sequence.
`cycle_option` | Currently, all sequences are set to `NO CYCLE` and the sequence will not wrap.

### statistics

`statistics` identifies table indexes.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`table_catalog` | Name of the database that contains the constrained table.
`table_schema` | Name of the schema that contains the constrained table.
`table_name` | Name of the table.
`non_unique` | `NO` if the index was created with the `UNIQUE` constraint; `YES` if the index was not created with `UNIQUE`.
`index_schema` | Name of the database that contains the index.
`index_name` | Name of the index.
`seq_in_index` | Ordinal position of the column within the index (begins at 1).
`column_name` | Name of the column being indexed.
`collation` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`cardinality` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`direction` | `ASC` (ascending) or `DESC` (descending) order.
`storing` | `YES` if column is stored; `NO` if it's indexed or implicit.
`implicit` | `YES` if column is implicit (i.e., it is not specified in the index and not stored); `NO` if it's indexed or stored.

### table_constraints

`table_constraints` identifies constraints applied to tables.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`constraint_catalog` | Name of the database containing the constraint.
`constraint_schema` | Name of the schema containing the constraint.
`constraint_name` | Name of the constraint.
`table_catalog` | Name of the database containing the constrained table.
`table_schema` | Name of the schema containing the constrained table.
`table_name` | Name of the constrained table.
`constraint_type` | Type of constraint: `CHECK`, `FOREIGN KEY`, `PRIMARY KEY`, or `UNIQUE`. `NOT NULL` constraints appear as `CHECK` constraints in this column.
`is_deferrable` | `YES` if the constraint can be deferred; `NO` if not.
`initially_deferred` | `YES` if the constraint is deferrable and initially deferred; `NO` if not.

### table_privileges

`table_privileges` identifies which privileges have been granted to each user at the table level.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`grantor` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`grantee` | Username of the user with grant.
`table_catalog` | Name of the database that the grant applies to.
`table_schema` | Name of the schema that the grant applies to.
`table_name` | Name of the table that the grant applies to.
`privilege_type` | Type of privilege: `SELECT`, `INSERT`, `UPDATE`, `DELETE`, `TRUNCATE`, `REFERENCES`, or `TRIGGER`.
`is_grantable` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`with_hierarchy` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).

### tables

`tables` identifies tables and views in the database.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`table_catalog` | Name of the database that contains the table.
`table_schema` | Name of the schema that contains the table.
`table_name` | Name of the table.
`table_type` | Type of the table: `BASE TABLE` for a normal table, `VIEW` for a view, or `SYSTEM VIEW` for a view created by CockroachDB.
`version` | Version number of the table; versions begin at 1 and are incremented each time an `ALTER TABLE` statement is issued on the table. Note that this column is an experimental feature used for internal purposes inside CockroachDB and its definition is subject to change without notice.

### user_privileges

`user_privileges` identifies global privileges.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`grantee` | Username of user with grant.
`table_catalog` | Name of the database that the privilege applies to.
`privilege_type` | Type of privilege.
`is_grantable` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).

### views

`views` identifies views in the database.

Column | Description
--- | ---
`table_catalog` | Name of the database that contains the view.
`table_schema` | Name of the schema that contains the view.
`table_name` | Name of the view.
`view_definition` | `AS` clause used to create the view.
`check_option` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`is_updatable` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`is_insertable_into` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`is_trigger_updatable` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`is_trigger_deletable` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).
`is_trigger_insertable_into` | Always `NULL` (unsupported by CockroachDB).

## Examples

### Setup

The following examples use MovR, a fictional vehicle-sharing application, to demonstrate CockroachDB SQL statements. For more information about the MovR example application and dataset, see MovR: A Global Vehicle-sharing App.

To follow along, run `cockroach demo` to start a temporary, in-memory cluster with the `movr` dataset preloaded:

    $ cockroach demo

### Retrieve all columns from an information schema table

    > SELECT * FROM movr.information_schema.table_constraints;

      constraint_catalog | constraint_schema |       constraint_name        | table_catalog | table_schema |         table_name         | constraint_type | is_deferrable | initially_deferred
    ---------------------+-------------------+------------------------------+---------------+--------------+----------------------------+-----------------+---------------+---------------------
      movr               | public            | primary                      | movr          | public       | users                      | PRIMARY KEY     | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | 3426283741_53_1_not_null     | movr          | public       | users                      | CHECK           | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | 3426283741_53_2_not_null     | movr          | public       | users                      | CHECK           | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | primary                      | movr          | public       | vehicles                   | PRIMARY KEY     | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | fk_city_ref_users            | movr          | public       | vehicles                   | FOREIGN KEY     | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | 3426283741_54_1_not_null     | movr          | public       | vehicles                   | CHECK           | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | 3426283741_54_2_not_null     | movr          | public       | vehicles                   | CHECK           | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | primary                      | movr          | public       | rides                      | PRIMARY KEY     | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | fk_city_ref_users            | movr          | public       | rides                      | FOREIGN KEY     | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | fk_vehicle_city_ref_vehicles | movr          | public       | rides                      | FOREIGN KEY     | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | check_vehicle_city_city      | movr          | public       | rides                      | CHECK           | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | 3426283741_55_1_not_null     | movr          | public       | rides                      | CHECK           | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | 3426283741_55_2_not_null     | movr          | public       | rides                      | CHECK           | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | fk_city_ref_rides            | movr          | public       | vehicle_location_histories | FOREIGN KEY     | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | primary                      | movr          | public       | vehicle_location_histories | PRIMARY KEY     | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | 3426283741_56_1_not_null     | movr          | public       | vehicle_location_histories | CHECK           | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | 3426283741_56_2_not_null     | movr          | public       | vehicle_location_histories | CHECK           | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | 3426283741_56_3_not_null     | movr          | public       | vehicle_location_histories | CHECK           | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | primary                      | movr          | public       | promo_codes                | PRIMARY KEY     | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | 3426283741_57_1_not_null     | movr          | public       | promo_codes                | CHECK           | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | primary                      | movr          | public       | user_promo_codes           | PRIMARY KEY     | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | fk_city_ref_users            | movr          | public       | user_promo_codes           | FOREIGN KEY     | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | 3426283741_58_1_not_null     | movr          | public       | user_promo_codes           | CHECK           | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | 3426283741_58_2_not_null     | movr          | public       | user_promo_codes           | CHECK           | NO            | NO
      movr               | public            | 3426283741_58_3_not_null     | movr          | public       | user_promo_codes           | CHECK           | NO            | NO
    (25 rows)

### Retrieve specific columns from an information schema table

    > SELECT table_name, constraint_name FROM movr.information_schema.table_constraints;

              table_name         |       constraint_name
    -----------------------------+-------------------------------
      users                      | primary
      users                      | 3426283741_53_1_not_null
      users                      | 3426283741_53_2_not_null
      vehicles                   | primary
      vehicles                   | fk_city_ref_users
      vehicles                   | 3426283741_54_1_not_null
      vehicles                   | 3426283741_54_2_not_null
      rides                      | primary
      rides                      | fk_city_ref_users
      rides                      | fk_vehicle_city_ref_vehicles
      rides                      | check_vehicle_city_city
      rides                      | 3426283741_55_1_not_null
      rides                      | 3426283741_55_2_not_null
      vehicle_location_histories | fk_city_ref_rides
      vehicle_location_histories | primary
      vehicle_location_histories | 3426283741_56_1_not_null
      vehicle_location_histories | 3426283741_56_2_not_null
      vehicle_location_histories | 3426283741_56_3_not_null
      promo_codes                | primary
      promo_codes                | 3426283741_57_1_not_null
      user_promo_codes           | fk_city_ref_users
      user_promo_codes           | primary
      user_promo_codes           | 3426283741_58_1_not_null
      user_promo_codes           | 3426283741_58_2_not_null
      user_promo_codes           | 3426283741_58_3_not_null
    (25 rows)

## See also

- `SHOW`
- `SHOW COLUMNS`
- `SHOW CONSTRAINTS`
- `SHOW CREATE`
- `SHOW DATABASES`
- `SHOW GRANTS`
- `SHOW INDEX`
- `SHOW TABLES`