Line data Source code
1 : // Copyright 2023 The LevelDB-Go and Pebble Authors. All rights reserved. Use
2 : // of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be found in
3 : // the LICENSE file.
4 :
5 : // Package metamorphic provides a testing framework for running randomized tests
6 : // over multiple Pebble databases with varying configurations. Logically
7 : // equivalent operations should result in equivalent output across all
8 : // configurations.
9 : package metamorphic
10 :
11 : import (
12 : "context"
13 : "fmt"
14 : "io"
15 : "os"
16 : "os/exec"
17 : "path"
18 : "path/filepath"
19 : "regexp"
20 : "sort"
21 : "strconv"
22 : "testing"
23 : "time"
24 :
25 : "github.com/cockroachdb/errors"
26 : "github.com/cockroachdb/pebble/internal/base"
27 : "github.com/cockroachdb/pebble/internal/dsl"
28 : "github.com/cockroachdb/pebble/internal/randvar"
29 : "github.com/cockroachdb/pebble/vfs"
30 : "github.com/cockroachdb/pebble/vfs/errorfs"
31 : "github.com/pmezard/go-difflib/difflib"
32 : "github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
33 : "golang.org/x/exp/rand"
34 : "golang.org/x/sync/errgroup"
35 : )
36 :
37 : type runAndCompareOptions struct {
38 : seed uint64
39 : ops randvar.Static
40 : previousOpsPath string
41 : initialStatePath string
42 : initialStateDesc string
43 : traceFile string
44 : innerBinary string
45 : mutateTestOptions []func(*TestOptions)
46 : customRuns map[string]string
47 : numInstances int
48 : runOnceOptions
49 : }
50 :
51 : // A RunOption configures the behavior of RunAndCompare.
52 : type RunOption interface {
53 : apply(*runAndCompareOptions)
54 : }
55 :
56 : // Seed configures generation to use the provided seed. Seed may be used to
57 : // deterministically reproduce the same run.
58 : type Seed uint64
59 :
60 1 : func (s Seed) apply(ro *runAndCompareOptions) { ro.seed = uint64(s) }
61 :
62 : // ExtendPreviousRun configures RunAndCompare to use the output of a previous
63 : // metamorphic test run to seed the this run. It's used in the crossversion
64 : // metamorphic tests, in which a data directory is upgraded through multiple
65 : // versions of Pebble, exercising upgrade code paths and cross-version
66 : // compatibility.
67 : //
68 : // The opsPath should be the filesystem path to the ops file containing the
69 : // operations run within the previous iteration of the metamorphic test. It's
70 : // used to inform operation generation to prefer using keys used in the previous
71 : // run, which are therefore more likely to be "interesting."
72 : //
73 : // The initialStatePath argument should be the filesystem path to the data
74 : // directory containing the database where the previous run of the metamorphic
75 : // test left off.
76 : //
77 : // The initialStateDesc argument is presentational and should hold a
78 : // human-readable description of the initial state.
79 0 : func ExtendPreviousRun(opsPath, initialStatePath, initialStateDesc string) RunOption {
80 0 : return closureOpt(func(ro *runAndCompareOptions) {
81 0 : ro.previousOpsPath = opsPath
82 0 : ro.initialStatePath = initialStatePath
83 0 : ro.initialStateDesc = initialStateDesc
84 0 : })
85 : }
86 :
87 : var (
88 : // UseDisk configures RunAndCompare to use the physical filesystem for all
89 : // generated runs.
90 0 : UseDisk = closureOpt(func(ro *runAndCompareOptions) {
91 0 : ro.mutateTestOptions = append(ro.mutateTestOptions, func(to *TestOptions) { to.useDisk = true })
92 : })
93 : // UseInMemory configures RunAndCompare to use an in-memory virtual
94 : // filesystem for all generated runs.
95 0 : UseInMemory = closureOpt(func(ro *runAndCompareOptions) {
96 0 : ro.mutateTestOptions = append(ro.mutateTestOptions, func(to *TestOptions) { to.useDisk = false })
97 : })
98 : )
99 :
100 : // OpCount configures the random variable for the number of operations to
101 : // generate.
102 1 : func OpCount(rv randvar.Static) RunOption {
103 1 : return closureOpt(func(ro *runAndCompareOptions) { ro.ops = rv })
104 : }
105 :
106 : // RuntimeTrace configures each test run to collect a runtime trace and output
107 : // it with the provided filename.
108 0 : func RuntimeTrace(name string) RunOption {
109 0 : return closureOpt(func(ro *runAndCompareOptions) { ro.traceFile = name })
110 : }
111 :
112 : // InnerBinary configures the binary that is called for each run. If not
113 : // specified, this binary (os.Args[0]) is called.
114 0 : func InnerBinary(path string) RunOption {
115 0 : return closureOpt(func(ro *runAndCompareOptions) { ro.innerBinary = path })
116 : }
117 :
118 : // ParseCustomTestOption adds support for parsing the provided CustomOption from
119 : // OPTIONS files serialized by the metamorphic tests. This RunOption alone does
120 : // not cause the metamorphic tests to run with any variant of the provided
121 : // CustomOption set.
122 0 : func ParseCustomTestOption(name string, parseFn func(value string) (CustomOption, bool)) RunOption {
123 0 : return closureOpt(func(ro *runAndCompareOptions) { ro.customOptionParsers[name] = parseFn })
124 : }
125 :
126 : // AddCustomRun adds an additional run of the metamorphic tests, using the
127 : // provided OPTIONS file contents. The default options will be used, except
128 : // those options that are overriden by the provided OPTIONS string.
129 0 : func AddCustomRun(name string, serializedOptions string) RunOption {
130 0 : return closureOpt(func(ro *runAndCompareOptions) { ro.customRuns[name] = serializedOptions })
131 : }
132 :
133 : type closureOpt func(*runAndCompareOptions)
134 :
135 1 : func (f closureOpt) apply(ro *runAndCompareOptions) { f(ro) }
136 :
137 1 : func buildRunAndCompareOpts(rOpts []RunOption) runAndCompareOptions {
138 1 : runOpts := runAndCompareOptions{
139 1 : ops: randvar.NewUniform(1000, 10000),
140 1 : customRuns: map[string]string{},
141 1 : runOnceOptions: runOnceOptions{
142 1 : customOptionParsers: map[string]func(string) (CustomOption, bool){},
143 1 : },
144 1 : }
145 1 : for _, o := range rOpts {
146 1 : o.apply(&runOpts)
147 1 : }
148 1 : if runOpts.seed == 0 {
149 1 : runOpts.seed = uint64(time.Now().UnixNano())
150 1 : }
151 1 : return runOpts
152 : }
153 :
154 : // RunAndCompare runs the metamorphic tests, using the provided root directory
155 : // to hold test data.
156 1 : func RunAndCompare(t *testing.T, rootDir string, rOpts ...RunOption) {
157 1 : runOpts := buildRunAndCompareOpts(rOpts)
158 1 : require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(rootDir, 0755))
159 1 : metaDir, err := os.MkdirTemp(rootDir, time.Now().Format("060102-150405.000"))
160 1 : require.NoError(t, err)
161 1 : require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(metaDir, 0755))
162 1 : defer func() {
163 1 : if !t.Failed() && !runOpts.keep {
164 1 : _ = os.RemoveAll(metaDir)
165 1 : }
166 : }()
167 :
168 1 : topLevelTestName := t.Name()
169 1 : for path.Dir(topLevelTestName) != "." {
170 0 : topLevelTestName = path.Dir(topLevelTestName)
171 0 : }
172 :
173 1 : rng := rand.New(rand.NewSource(runOpts.seed))
174 1 : opCount := runOpts.ops.Uint64(rng)
175 1 :
176 1 : // Generate a new set of random ops, writing them to <dir>/ops. These will be
177 1 : // read by the child processes when performing a test run.
178 1 : km := newKeyManager(runOpts.numInstances)
179 1 : cfg := presetConfigs[rng.Intn(len(presetConfigs))]
180 1 : if runOpts.previousOpsPath != "" {
181 0 : // During cross-version testing, we load keys from an `ops` file
182 0 : // produced by a metamorphic test run of an earlier Pebble version.
183 0 : // Seeding the keys ensure we generate interesting operations, including
184 0 : // ones with key shadowing, merging, etc.
185 0 : opsPath := filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(filepath.Clean(runOpts.previousOpsPath)), "ops")
186 0 : opsData, err := os.ReadFile(opsPath)
187 0 : require.NoError(t, err)
188 0 : ops, err := parse(opsData, parserOpts{})
189 0 : require.NoError(t, err)
190 0 : loadPrecedingKeys(t, ops, &cfg, km)
191 0 : }
192 1 : if runOpts.numInstances > 1 {
193 1 : // The multi-instance variant does not support all operations yet.
194 1 : //
195 1 : // TODO(bilal): Address this and use the default configs.
196 1 : cfg = multiInstancePresetConfig
197 1 : cfg.numInstances = runOpts.numInstances
198 1 : }
199 1 : ops := generate(rng, opCount, cfg, km)
200 1 : opsPath := filepath.Join(metaDir, "ops")
201 1 : formattedOps := formatOps(ops)
202 1 : require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(opsPath, []byte(formattedOps), 0644))
203 1 :
204 1 : // runOptions performs a particular test run with the specified options. The
205 1 : // options are written to <run-dir>/OPTIONS and a child process is created to
206 1 : // actually execute the test.
207 1 : runOptions := func(t *testing.T, opts *TestOptions) {
208 1 : if opts.Opts.Cache != nil {
209 1 : defer opts.Opts.Cache.Unref()
210 1 : }
211 1 : for _, fn := range runOpts.mutateTestOptions {
212 0 : fn(opts)
213 0 : }
214 1 : runDir := filepath.Join(metaDir, path.Base(t.Name()))
215 1 : require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(runDir, 0755))
216 1 :
217 1 : optionsPath := filepath.Join(runDir, "OPTIONS")
218 1 : optionsStr := optionsToString(opts)
219 1 : require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(optionsPath, []byte(optionsStr), 0644))
220 1 :
221 1 : args := []string{
222 1 : "-keep=" + fmt.Sprint(runOpts.keep),
223 1 : "-run-dir=" + runDir,
224 1 : "-test.run=" + topLevelTestName + "$",
225 1 : "--op-timeout=" + runOpts.opTimeout.String(),
226 1 : }
227 1 : if runOpts.numInstances > 1 {
228 1 : args = append(args, "--num-instances="+strconv.Itoa(runOpts.numInstances))
229 1 : }
230 1 : if runOpts.traceFile != "" {
231 0 : args = append(args, "-test.trace="+filepath.Join(runDir, runOpts.traceFile))
232 0 : }
233 :
234 1 : binary := os.Args[0]
235 1 : if runOpts.innerBinary != "" {
236 0 : binary = runOpts.innerBinary
237 0 : }
238 1 : cmd := exec.Command(binary, args...)
239 1 : out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
240 1 : if err != nil {
241 0 : t.Fatalf(`
242 0 : ===== SEED =====
243 0 : %d
244 0 : ===== ERR =====
245 0 : %v
246 0 : ===== OUT =====
247 0 : %s
248 0 : ===== OPTIONS =====
249 0 : %s
250 0 : ===== OPS =====
251 0 : %s
252 0 : ===== HISTORY =====
253 0 : %s
254 0 : To reduce: go test ./internal/metamorphic -tags invariants -run '%s$' --run-dir %s --try-to-reduce -v`,
255 0 : runOpts.seed,
256 0 : err,
257 0 : out,
258 0 : optionsStr,
259 0 : formattedOps,
260 0 : readFile(filepath.Join(runDir, "history")),
261 0 : topLevelTestName, runDir,
262 0 : )
263 0 : }
264 : }
265 :
266 : // Construct the various OPTIONS to test with.
267 1 : names, options, err := buildOptions(rng, runOpts)
268 1 : if err != nil {
269 0 : t.Fatal(err)
270 0 : }
271 :
272 : // Run the options.
273 1 : t.Run("execution", func(t *testing.T) {
274 1 : for _, name := range names {
275 1 : name := name
276 1 : t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
277 1 : t.Parallel()
278 1 : runOptions(t, options[name])
279 1 : })
280 : }
281 : })
282 : // NB: The above 'execution' subtest will not complete until all of the
283 : // individual execution/ subtests have completed. The grouping within the
284 : // `execution` subtest ensures all the histories are available when we
285 : // proceed to comparing against the base history.
286 :
287 : // Don't bother comparing output if we've already failed.
288 1 : if t.Failed() {
289 0 : return
290 0 : }
291 :
292 1 : t.Run("compare", func(t *testing.T) {
293 1 : getHistoryPath := func(name string) string {
294 1 : return filepath.Join(metaDir, name, "history")
295 1 : }
296 :
297 1 : base := readHistory(t, getHistoryPath(names[0]))
298 1 : base = reorderHistory(base)
299 1 : for i := 1; i < len(names); i++ {
300 1 : t.Run(names[i], func(t *testing.T) {
301 1 : lines := readHistory(t, getHistoryPath(names[i]))
302 1 : lines = reorderHistory(lines)
303 1 : diff := difflib.UnifiedDiff{
304 1 : A: base,
305 1 : B: lines,
306 1 : Context: 5,
307 1 : }
308 1 : text, err := difflib.GetUnifiedDiffString(diff)
309 1 : require.NoError(t, err)
310 1 : if text != "" {
311 0 : // NB: We force an exit rather than using t.Fatal because the latter
312 0 : // will run another instance of the test if -count is specified, while
313 0 : // we're happy to exit on the first failure.
314 0 : optionsStrA := optionsToString(options[names[0]])
315 0 : optionsStrB := optionsToString(options[names[i]])
316 0 :
317 0 : fmt.Printf(`
318 0 : ===== SEED =====
319 0 : %d
320 0 : ===== DIFF =====
321 0 : %s/{%s,%s}
322 0 : %s
323 0 : ===== OPTIONS %s =====
324 0 : %s
325 0 : ===== OPTIONS %s =====
326 0 : %s
327 0 : ===== OPS =====
328 0 : %s
329 0 : To reduce: go test ./internal/metamorphic -tags invariants -run '%s$' --compare "%s/{%s,%s}" --try-to-reduce -v
330 0 : `,
331 0 : runOpts.seed,
332 0 : metaDir, names[0], names[i], text,
333 0 : names[0], optionsStrA,
334 0 : names[i], optionsStrB,
335 0 : formattedOps,
336 0 : topLevelTestName, metaDir, names[0], names[i])
337 0 : os.Exit(1)
338 0 : }
339 : })
340 : }
341 : })
342 : }
343 :
344 : func buildOptions(
345 : rng *rand.Rand, runOpts runAndCompareOptions,
346 1 : ) (names []string, options map[string]*TestOptions, err error) {
347 1 : options = map[string]*TestOptions{}
348 1 :
349 1 : // Create the standard options.
350 1 : for i, opts := range standardOptions() {
351 1 : name := fmt.Sprintf("standard-%03d", i)
352 1 : names = append(names, name)
353 1 : options[name] = opts
354 1 : }
355 :
356 : // Create the custom option runs, if any.
357 1 : for name, customOptsStr := range runOpts.customRuns {
358 0 : options[name] = defaultTestOptions()
359 0 : if err = parseOptions(options[name], customOptsStr, runOpts.customOptionParsers); err != nil {
360 0 : return nil, nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "custom opts %q: %s", name, err)
361 0 : }
362 : }
363 : // Sort the custom options names for determinism (they're currently in
364 : // random order from map iteration).
365 1 : sort.Strings(names[len(names)-len(runOpts.customRuns):])
366 1 :
367 1 : // Create random options. We make an arbitrary choice to run with as many
368 1 : // random options as we have standard options.
369 1 : nOpts := len(options)
370 1 : for i := 0; i < nOpts; i++ {
371 1 : name := fmt.Sprintf("random-%03d", i)
372 1 : names = append(names, name)
373 1 : opts := RandomOptions(rng, runOpts.customOptionParsers)
374 1 : options[name] = opts
375 1 : }
376 :
377 : // If the user provided the path to an initial database state to use, update
378 : // all the options to pull from it.
379 1 : if runOpts.initialStatePath != "" {
380 0 : for _, o := range options {
381 0 : o.initialStatePath, err = filepath.Abs(runOpts.initialStatePath)
382 0 : if err != nil {
383 0 : return nil, nil, err
384 0 : }
385 0 : o.initialStateDesc = runOpts.initialStateDesc
386 : }
387 : }
388 1 : return names, options, nil
389 : }
390 :
391 : type runOnceOptions struct {
392 : // Note: when adding a new option, a new flag might need to be passed to the
393 : // "inner" execution of the test binary in RunAndCompare.
394 :
395 : keep bool
396 : maxThreads int
397 : // opTimeout causes the test to fail if any one op takes longer than this.
398 : opTimeout time.Duration
399 : errorRate float64
400 : failRegexp *regexp.Regexp
401 : numInstances int
402 : customOptionParsers map[string]func(string) (CustomOption, bool)
403 : }
404 :
405 : // A RunOnceOption configures the behavior of a single run of the metamorphic
406 : // tests.
407 : type RunOnceOption interface {
408 : applyOnce(*runOnceOptions)
409 : }
410 :
411 : // KeepData keeps the database directory, even on successful runs. If the test
412 : // used an in-memory filesystem, the in-memory filesystem will be persisted to
413 : // the run directory.
414 : type KeepData struct{}
415 :
416 0 : func (KeepData) apply(ro *runAndCompareOptions) { ro.keep = true }
417 1 : func (KeepData) applyOnce(ro *runOnceOptions) { ro.keep = true }
418 :
419 : // InjectErrorsRate configures the run to inject errors into read-only
420 : // filesystem operations and retry injected errors.
421 : type InjectErrorsRate float64
422 :
423 0 : func (r InjectErrorsRate) apply(ro *runAndCompareOptions) { ro.errorRate = float64(r) }
424 0 : func (r InjectErrorsRate) applyOnce(ro *runOnceOptions) { ro.errorRate = float64(r) }
425 :
426 : // MaxThreads sets an upper bound on the number of parallel execution threads
427 : // during replay.
428 : type MaxThreads int
429 :
430 1 : func (m MaxThreads) apply(ro *runAndCompareOptions) { ro.maxThreads = int(m) }
431 1 : func (m MaxThreads) applyOnce(ro *runOnceOptions) { ro.maxThreads = int(m) }
432 :
433 : // OpTimeout sets a timeout for each executed operation. A value of 0 means no
434 : // timeout.
435 : type OpTimeout time.Duration
436 :
437 1 : func (t OpTimeout) apply(ro *runAndCompareOptions) { ro.opTimeout = time.Duration(t) }
438 1 : func (t OpTimeout) applyOnce(ro *runOnceOptions) { ro.opTimeout = time.Duration(t) }
439 :
440 : // FailOnMatch configures the run to fail immediately if the history matches the
441 : // provided regular expression.
442 : type FailOnMatch struct {
443 : *regexp.Regexp
444 : }
445 :
446 0 : func (f FailOnMatch) apply(ro *runAndCompareOptions) { ro.failRegexp = f.Regexp }
447 0 : func (f FailOnMatch) applyOnce(ro *runOnceOptions) { ro.failRegexp = f.Regexp }
448 :
449 : // MultiInstance configures the number of pebble instances to create.
450 : type MultiInstance int
451 :
452 1 : func (m MultiInstance) apply(ro *runAndCompareOptions) { ro.numInstances = int(m) }
453 1 : func (m MultiInstance) applyOnce(ro *runOnceOptions) { ro.numInstances = int(m) }
454 :
455 : // RunOnce performs one run of the metamorphic tests. RunOnce expects the
456 : // directory named by `runDir` to already exist and contain an `OPTIONS` file
457 : // containing the test run's configuration. The history of the run is persisted
458 : // to a file at the path `historyPath`.
459 : //
460 : // The `seed` parameter is not functional; it's used for context in logging.
461 2 : func RunOnce(t TestingT, runDir string, seed uint64, historyPath string, rOpts ...RunOnceOption) {
462 2 : runOpts := runOnceOptions{
463 2 : customOptionParsers: map[string]func(string) (CustomOption, bool){},
464 2 : }
465 2 : for _, o := range rOpts {
466 2 : o.applyOnce(&runOpts)
467 2 : }
468 :
469 2 : opsPath := filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(filepath.Clean(runDir)), "ops")
470 2 : opsData, err := os.ReadFile(opsPath)
471 2 : require.NoError(t, err)
472 2 :
473 2 : ops, err := parse(opsData, parserOpts{})
474 2 : require.NoError(t, err)
475 2 :
476 2 : optionsPath := filepath.Join(runDir, "OPTIONS")
477 2 : optionsData, err := os.ReadFile(optionsPath)
478 2 : require.NoError(t, err)
479 2 :
480 2 : // NB: It's important to use defaultTestOptions() here as the base into
481 2 : // which we parse the serialized options. It contains the relevant defaults,
482 2 : // like the appropriate block-property collectors.
483 2 : testOpts := defaultTestOptions()
484 2 : opts := testOpts.Opts
485 2 : require.NoError(t, parseOptions(testOpts, string(optionsData), runOpts.customOptionParsers))
486 2 :
487 2 : // Set up the filesystem to use for the test. Note that by default we use an
488 2 : // in-memory FS.
489 2 : if testOpts.useDisk {
490 1 : opts.FS = vfs.Default
491 1 : require.NoError(t, os.RemoveAll(opts.FS.PathJoin(runDir, "data")))
492 2 : } else {
493 2 : opts.Cleaner = base.ArchiveCleaner{}
494 2 : }
495 : // Wrap the filesystem with a VFS that will inject random latency if
496 : // the test options require it.
497 2 : if testOpts.ioLatencyProbability > 0 {
498 1 : opts.FS = errorfs.Wrap(opts.FS, errorfs.RandomLatency(
499 1 : errorfs.Randomly(testOpts.ioLatencyProbability, testOpts.ioLatencySeed),
500 1 : testOpts.ioLatencyMean,
501 1 : testOpts.ioLatencySeed,
502 1 : ))
503 1 : }
504 :
505 : // Wrap the filesystem with one that will inject errors into read
506 : // operations with *errorRate probability.
507 2 : opts.FS = errorfs.Wrap(opts.FS, errorfs.ErrInjected.If(
508 2 : dsl.And(errorfs.Reads, errorfs.Randomly(runOpts.errorRate, int64(seed))),
509 2 : ))
510 2 :
511 2 : // Bound testOpts.threads to runOpts.maxThreads.
512 2 : if runOpts.maxThreads < testOpts.Threads {
513 1 : testOpts.Threads = runOpts.maxThreads
514 1 : }
515 :
516 2 : dir := opts.FS.PathJoin(runDir, "data")
517 2 : // Set up the initial database state if configured to start from a non-empty
518 2 : // database. By default tests start from an empty database, but split
519 2 : // version testing may configure a previous metamorphic tests's database
520 2 : // state as the initial state.
521 2 : if testOpts.initialStatePath != "" {
522 0 : require.NoError(t, setupInitialState(dir, testOpts))
523 0 : }
524 :
525 2 : if testOpts.Opts.WALFailover != nil {
526 1 : if runOpts.numInstances > 1 {
527 1 : // TODO(bilal,jackson): Allow opts to diverge on a per-instance
528 1 : // basis, and use that to set unique WAL dirs for all instances in
529 1 : // multi-instance mode.
530 1 : testOpts.Opts.WALFailover = nil
531 1 : } else {
532 1 : testOpts.Opts.WALFailover.Secondary.FS = opts.FS
533 1 : testOpts.Opts.WALFailover.Secondary.Dirname = opts.FS.PathJoin(
534 1 : runDir, testOpts.Opts.WALFailover.Secondary.Dirname)
535 1 : }
536 : }
537 :
538 2 : if opts.WALDir != "" {
539 1 : if runOpts.numInstances > 1 {
540 1 : // TODO(bilal): Allow opts to diverge on a per-instance basis, and use
541 1 : // that to set unique WAL dirs for all instances in multi-instance mode.
542 1 : opts.WALDir = ""
543 1 : } else {
544 1 : opts.WALDir = opts.FS.PathJoin(runDir, opts.WALDir)
545 1 : }
546 : }
547 :
548 2 : historyFile, err := os.Create(historyPath)
549 2 : require.NoError(t, err)
550 2 : defer historyFile.Close()
551 2 : writers := []io.Writer{historyFile}
552 2 :
553 2 : if testing.Verbose() {
554 0 : writers = append(writers, os.Stdout)
555 0 : }
556 2 : h := newHistory(runOpts.failRegexp, writers...)
557 2 : defer h.Close()
558 2 :
559 2 : m := newTest(ops)
560 2 : require.NoError(t, m.init(h, dir, testOpts, runOpts.numInstances, runOpts.opTimeout))
561 2 :
562 2 : if err := Execute(m); err != nil {
563 0 : fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Seed: %d\n", seed)
564 0 : fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, err)
565 0 : }
566 :
567 : // If we have unclosed databases, print LSM details. This will be the case
568 : // when we use --try-to-reduce.
569 2 : for i, db := range m.dbs {
570 2 : if db != nil {
571 0 : fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "\ndb%d:\n%s", i+1, db.DebugString())
572 0 : fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "\n%s\n", db.LSMViewURL())
573 0 : }
574 : }
575 : // Don't let the test pass if it issued a Fatalf.
576 2 : err = errors.CombineErrors(err, h.Error())
577 2 :
578 2 : if err != nil {
579 0 : m.saveInMemoryData()
580 0 : os.Exit(1)
581 0 : }
582 :
583 2 : if runOpts.keep && !testOpts.useDisk {
584 1 : m.saveInMemoryData()
585 1 : }
586 : }
587 :
588 : // Execute runs the provided test, writing the execution history into the Test's
589 : // sink.
590 2 : func Execute(m *Test) error {
591 2 : if m.testOpts.Threads <= 1 {
592 2 : for m.step(m.h, nil /* optionalRecordf */) {
593 2 : if err := m.h.Error(); err != nil {
594 0 : return err
595 0 : }
596 : }
597 2 : return nil
598 : }
599 :
600 : // Run in parallel using an errgroup.
601 2 : eg, ctx := errgroup.WithContext(context.Background())
602 2 : for t := 0; t < m.testOpts.Threads; t++ {
603 2 : t := t // bind loop var to scope
604 2 : eg.Go(func() error {
605 2 : for idx := 0; idx < len(m.ops); idx++ {
606 2 : // Skip any operations whose receiver object hashes to a
607 2 : // different thread. All operations with the same receiver
608 2 : // are performed from the same thread. This goroutine is
609 2 : // only responsible for executing operations that hash to
610 2 : // `t`.
611 2 : if hashThread(m.ops[idx].receiver(), m.testOpts.Threads) != t {
612 2 : continue
613 : }
614 :
615 : // Some operations have additional synchronization
616 : // dependencies. If this operation has any, wait for its
617 : // dependencies to complete before executing.
618 2 : for _, waitOnIdx := range m.opsWaitOn[idx] {
619 2 : select {
620 0 : case <-ctx.Done():
621 0 : // Exit if some other thread already errored out.
622 0 : return ctx.Err()
623 2 : case <-m.opsDone[waitOnIdx]:
624 : }
625 : }
626 :
627 2 : m.runOp(idx, m.h.recorder(t, idx, nil /* optionalRecordf */))
628 2 :
629 2 : // If this operation has a done channel, close it so that
630 2 : // other operations that synchronize on this operation know
631 2 : // that it's been completed.
632 2 : if ch := m.opsDone[idx]; ch != nil {
633 2 : close(ch)
634 2 : }
635 :
636 2 : if err := m.h.Error(); err != nil {
637 0 : return err
638 0 : }
639 : }
640 2 : return nil
641 : })
642 : }
643 2 : return eg.Wait()
644 : }
645 :
646 2 : func hashThread(objID objID, numThreads int) int {
647 2 : // Fibonacci hash https://probablydance.com/2018/06/16/fibonacci-hashing-the-optimization-that-the-world-forgot-or-a-better-alternative-to-integer-modulo/
648 2 : return int((11400714819323198485 * uint64(objID)) % uint64(numThreads))
649 2 : }
650 :
651 : // Compare runs the metamorphic tests in the provided runDirs and compares their
652 : // histories.
653 0 : func Compare(t TestingT, rootDir string, seed uint64, runDirs []string, rOpts ...RunOnceOption) {
654 0 : historyPaths := make([]string, len(runDirs))
655 0 : for i := 0; i < len(runDirs); i++ {
656 0 : historyPath := filepath.Join(rootDir, runDirs[i]+"-"+time.Now().Format("060102-150405.000"))
657 0 : runDirs[i] = filepath.Join(rootDir, runDirs[i])
658 0 : _ = os.Remove(historyPath)
659 0 : historyPaths[i] = historyPath
660 0 : }
661 0 : defer func() {
662 0 : for _, path := range historyPaths {
663 0 : _ = os.Remove(path)
664 0 : }
665 : }()
666 :
667 0 : for i, runDir := range runDirs {
668 0 : RunOnce(t, runDir, seed, historyPaths[i], rOpts...)
669 0 : }
670 :
671 0 : if t.Failed() {
672 0 : return
673 0 : }
674 :
675 0 : i, diff := CompareHistories(t, historyPaths)
676 0 : if i != 0 {
677 0 : fmt.Printf(`
678 0 : ===== DIFF =====
679 0 : %s/{%s,%s}
680 0 : %s
681 0 : `, rootDir, runDirs[0], runDirs[i], diff)
682 0 : os.Exit(1)
683 0 : }
684 : }
685 :
686 : // TestingT is an interface wrapper around *testing.T
687 : type TestingT interface {
688 : require.TestingT
689 : Failed() bool
690 : }
691 :
692 0 : func readFile(path string) string {
693 0 : history, err := os.ReadFile(path)
694 0 : if err != nil {
695 0 : return fmt.Sprintf("err: %v", err)
696 0 : }
697 :
698 0 : return string(history)
699 : }
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