{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {},
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Alpine:v3.20",
        "name": "libcap",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/alpine/libcap?arch=source"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.78-r0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {},
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Alpine:v3.21",
        "name": "libcap",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/alpine/libcap?arch=source"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.78-r0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {},
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Alpine:v3.22",
        "name": "libcap",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/alpine/libcap?arch=source"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.78-r0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {},
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Alpine:v3.23",
        "name": "libcap",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/alpine/libcap?arch=source"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.78-r0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {},
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Alpine:v3.24",
        "name": "libcap",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/alpine/libcap?arch=source"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.78-r0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "details": "A flaw was found in libcap. A local unprivileged user can exploit a Time-of-check-to-time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the `cap_set_file()` function. This allows an attacker with write access to a parent directory to redirect file capability updates to an attacker-controlled file. By doing so, capabilities can be injected into or stripped from unintended executables, leading to privilege escalation.",
  "id": "ALPINE-CVE-2026-4878",
  "modified": "2026-06-09T21:17:55.470202530Z",
  "published": "2026-04-09T16:16:31.987Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2026-4878"
    }
  ],
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2026-4878"
  ]
}