{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ranges": [
        {
          "database_specific": {
            "versions": [
              {
                "introduced": "2.0.0"
              },
              {
                "fixed": "2.3.20.3"
              },
              {
                "introduced": "2.3.21"
              },
              {
                "last_affected": "2.3.24.1"
              }
            ]
          },
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2c0a197cea8fdc7d8cda5eeaa15a1c76507ac0a5"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "bbbf43ec59e7bef3b07e9065dc9784c18a95d58b"
            },
            {
              "introduced": "a40e9a90bf8b5039728ff312852991e7d580bff4"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "7a9863169f7d981be0d2d57437974ae2cc0c8bd3"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/apache/struts",
          "type": "GIT"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "details": "Apache Struts 2.x before 2.3.28 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a \"%{}\" sequence in a tag attribute, aka forced double OGNL evaluation.",
  "id": "CVE-2016-0785",
  "modified": "2026-03-13T21:56:00.723578087Z",
  "published": "2016-04-12T16:59:00.123Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "http://struts.apache.org/docs/s2-029.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/85066"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1035271"
    }
  ],
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}