{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ranges": [
        {
          "database_specific": {
            "versions": [
              {
                "introduced": "2.0.0"
              },
              {
                "last_affected": "2.3.24.1"
              }
            ]
          },
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2c0a197cea8fdc7d8cda5eeaa15a1c76507ac0a5"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "7a9863169f7d981be0d2d57437974ae2cc0c8bd3"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/apache/struts",
          "type": "GIT"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "details": "Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the URLDecoder function in JRE before 1.8, as used in Apache Struts 2.x before 2.3.28, when using a single byte page encoding, allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via multi-byte characters in a url-encoded parameter.",
  "id": "CVE-2016-4003",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T23:09:15.885440971Z",
  "published": "2016-04-12T16:59:04.313Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "http://struts.apache.org/docs/s2-028.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/86311"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1035268"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/WW-4507"
    }
  ],
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}