{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ranges": [
        {
          "database_specific": {
            "extracted_events": [
              {
                "introduced": "0.8.0"
              },
              {
                "fixed": "0.17.1"
              }
            ],
            "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD"
          },
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "b0a1d4eaffaf50012fa71a8e931a47cf252d0370"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "e9432ad1c4099511905353cebcececa3a1f7c3ff"
            },
            {
              "introduced": "3b251d286dc94745fc6a92fcbf9be03f44bb9b46"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "91c20c8fb2c1a6e2c13cf3470f61f09b962cf708"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf",
          "type": "GIT"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "GHSA-m497-c2h9-rvw6"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cna_assigner": "EEF",
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-674"
    ],
    "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/104xxx/CVE-2026-104635.json"
  },
  "details": "Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in Protobuf.JSON.Decode in elixir-protobuf protobuf allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to crash the decoding process via a deeply nested JSON document. Any application that decodes attacker-supplied JSON with Protobuf.JSON.decode/3, Protobuf.JSON.decode!/3, or Protobuf.JSON.from_decoded/3 into a schema that contains a self-referential or cyclic message type is affected.\n\nIn lib/protobuf/json/decode.ex, the embedded-message clause of decode_singular/3 recurses into internal_from_json_data/3 once per nesting level without incrementing or checking the decoder's depth counter. The depth guard increase_depth_and_maybe_throw/1 covers only the Google.Protobuf.ListValue and Google.Protobuf.Struct clauses, so the recursion_limit option has no effect on user-defined message types. Each nesting level allocates a stack frame and heap objects, and a sufficiently deep document exhausts the memory of the decoding process. Confidentiality and integrity are not affected.\n\nThis issue affects protobuf: from 0.8.0 before 0.17.1.",
  "id": "CVE-2026-104635",
  "modified": "2026-10-11T02:30:22.663993345Z",
  "published": "2026-10-09T08:17:52.372Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-104635.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-104635"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://repo.hex.pm"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/104xxx/CVE-2026-104635.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf/security/advisories/GHSA-m497-c2h9-rvw6"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-104635"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf/commit/b0a1d4eaffaf50012fa71a8e931a47cf252d0370"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf/commit/e9432ad1c4099511905353cebcececa3a1f7c3ff"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.9.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Uncontrolled recursion in elixir-protobuf/protobuf JSON decoding of self-referential messages"
}