{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "11d45175111d933c5175acc28e56af2213dd5cd6"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "bab090e8fd5607f77379ea78b9d0c683cb1538a9"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "a1e0f7150639bc30a8e75476d1c7daab77d44992"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "df83746075778958954aa0460cca55f4b3fc9c02"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "type": "GIT"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Linux",
        "name": "Kernel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "6.16.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "6.18.21"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        },
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "6.19.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "6.19.11"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cna_assigner": "Linux",
    "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/23xxx/CVE-2026-23402.json"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nKVM: x86/mmu: Only WARN in direct MMUs when overwriting shadow-present SPTE\n\nAdjust KVM's sanity check against overwriting a shadow-present SPTE with a\nanother SPTE with a different target PFN to only apply to direct MMUs,\ni.e. only to MMUs without shadowed gPTEs.  While it's impossible for KVM\nto overwrite a shadow-present SPTE in response to a guest write, writes\nfrom outside the scope of KVM, e.g. from host userspace, aren't detected\nby KVM's write tracking and so can break KVM's shadow paging rules.\n\n  ------------[ cut here ]------------\n  pfn != spte_to_pfn(*sptep)\n  WARNING: arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c:3069 at mmu_set_spte+0x1e4/0x440 [kvm], CPU#0: vmx_ept_stale_r/872\n  Modules linked in: kvm_intel kvm irqbypass\n  CPU: 0 UID: 1000 PID: 872 Comm: vmx_ept_stale_r Not tainted 7.0.0-rc2-eafebd2d2ab0-sink-vm #319 PREEMPT\n  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015\n  RIP: 0010:mmu_set_spte+0x1e4/0x440 [kvm]\n  Call Trace:\n   \u003cTASK\u003e\n   ept_page_fault+0x535/0x7f0 [kvm]\n   kvm_mmu_do_page_fault+0xee/0x1f0 [kvm]\n   kvm_mmu_page_fault+0x8d/0x620 [kvm]\n   vmx_handle_exit+0x18c/0x5a0 [kvm_intel]\n   kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0xc55/0x1c20 [kvm]\n   kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x2d5/0x980 [kvm]\n   __x64_sys_ioctl+0x8a/0xd0\n   do_syscall_64+0xb5/0x730\n   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53\n   \u003c/TASK\u003e\n  ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---",
  "id": "CVE-2026-23402",
  "modified": "2026-08-12T03:51:18.063035787Z",
  "published": "2026-04-01T08:36:33.366Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a1e0f7150639bc30a8e75476d1c7daab77d44992"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bab090e8fd5607f77379ea78b9d0c683cb1538a9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/df83746075778958954aa0460cca55f4b3fc9c02"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/23xxx/CVE-2026-23402.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23402"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.9.0",
  "summary": "KVM: x86/mmu: Only WARN in direct MMUs when overwriting shadow-present SPTE"
}