{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ranges": [
        {
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "REFERENCES"
          },
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "36aa5c7ec8a2bb35f6fb867a1177a6f141156b02"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/happyseafox/sail",
          "type": "GIT"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "GHSA-526v-vm72-4v64"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cna_assigner": "GitHub_M",
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/40xxx/CVE-2026-40492.json",
    "unresolved_ranges": [
      {
        "extracted_events": [
          {
            "fixed": "36aa5c7ec8a2bb35f6fb867a1177a6f141156b02"
          }
        ],
        "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD"
      }
    ]
  },
  "details": "SAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. Prior to commit 36aa5c7ec8a2bb35f6fb867a1177a6f141156b02, the XWD codec resolves pixel format based on `pixmap_depth` but the byte-swap code uses `bits_per_pixel` independently. When `pixmap_depth=8` (BPP8_INDEXED, 1 byte/pixel buffer) but `bits_per_pixel=32`, the byte-swap loop accesses memory as `uint32_t*`, reading/writing 4x the allocated buffer size. This is a different vulnerability from the previously reported GHSA-3g38-x2pj-mv55 (CVE-2026-27168), which addressed `bytes_per_line` validation. Commit 36aa5c7ec8a2bb35f6fb867a1177a6f141156b02 contains a patch.",
  "id": "CVE-2026-40492",
  "modified": "2026-07-08T05:37:09.923694954Z",
  "published": "2026-04-18T01:39:48.056Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/40xxx/CVE-2026-40492.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/security/advisories/GHSA-526v-vm72-4v64"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40492"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/commit/36aa5c7ec8a2bb35f6fb867a1177a6f141156b02"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.7.5",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "SAIL has heap buffer overflow in XWD decoder — bits_per_pixel vs pixmap_depth type confusion in byte-swap"
}