{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ranges": [
        {
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "REFERENCES"
          },
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/happyseafox/sail",
          "type": "GIT"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "GHSA-cp2j-rwh4-r46f"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cna_assigner": "GitHub_M",
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/40xxx/CVE-2026-40494.json",
    "unresolved_ranges": [
      {
        "extracted_events": [
          {
            "fixed": "45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302"
          }
        ],
        "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD"
      }
    ]
  },
  "details": "SAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. Prior to commit 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302, the TGA codec's RLE decoder in `tga.c` has an asymmetric bounds check vulnerability. The run-packet path (line 297) correctly clamps the repeat count to the remaining buffer space, but the raw-packet path (line 305-311) has no equivalent bounds check. This allows writing up to 496 bytes of attacker-controlled data past the end of a heap buffer. Commit 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302 patches the issue.",
  "id": "CVE-2026-40494",
  "modified": "2026-07-08T05:36:13.018617349Z",
  "published": "2026-04-18T01:42:48.830Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/40xxx/CVE-2026-40494.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/security/advisories/GHSA-cp2j-rwh4-r46f"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40494"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/commit/45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.7.5",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "SAIL has heap buffer overflow in TGA RLE decoder — raw packet path missing bounds check"
}