Detecting language using up to the first 30 seconds. Use `--language` to specify the language Detected language: French [00:00.000 --> 00:07.800] that he dedicated to the competition, we talk about it in detail and then know that it is therefore a competition that will be [00:07.800 --> 00:14.400] crowned on July 5 at the occasion of the celebration of the independence of the country. [00:14.400 --> 00:19.400] Another event also talking about history, we will continue to talk about it and we have grasped this [00:19.400 --> 00:26.240] first day of January 1, so 2012, to tell you about an unknown step for most [00:26.240 --> 00:31.240] Algerians and not just with the young generation. We are going to talk about the [00:31.240 --> 00:38.240] Enfumades of the Dahara, one of the methods of massive extermination that had been adopted by [00:38.240 --> 00:44.920] the French colonial army from its arrival in 1830, but very little known in particular in relation to the archives [00:44.920 --> 00:51.480] which are also rare in the matter and the Enfumades there were quite a few and on the [00:51.480 --> 00:56.680] part of the Dahara that we are going to look at this morning in the company of Amar Balhoudja who dedicated [00:56.680 --> 01:02.000] a work, the very last of the Enfumades of the Dahara, the 1000 martyrs of Oulède Riech, it is [01:02.000 --> 01:07.280] therefore this tribe that was therefore the victim. Details later in the company of Amar Balhoudja [01:07.280 --> 01:12.800] who is already among us, who has already arrived. Other guests this morning from the music, we are [01:12.800 --> 01:19.760] going to talk about music, Shabi music, in particular with Karim Awidet, but also other musicians [01:19.760 --> 01:24.560] who will be in our company this morning to start the new year. Not to mention those who [01:24.560 --> 01:29.560] are concerned with the Melium section, Melium who is there for his green corner and who decided to talk to you [01:29.560 --> 01:36.280] about the source of vitamin C par excellence, it is lemon and well you understood it, honor [01:36.280 --> 01:42.560] to the Enfumades this morning, it is also the season of the Enfumades. Stay with us, we start this [01:42.560 --> 01:47.000] day of this show with the first weather point, it is signed this morning Mina Abed, [01:47.000 --> 01:51.720] welcome Mina, happy new year, best wishes. Happy new year to you too Madia, happy new year dear [01:51.720 --> 01:58.760] viewers, a lot of joy, health and above all a lot of happiness. And we start with Europe, [01:58.760 --> 02:06.000] today the sky will remain rather covered with averses on the side of Prague, snow in Warsaw [02:06.000 --> 02:10.600] and then a lot of sun in the southern regions, the temperatures remain low, we will have only [02:10.600 --> 02:16.280] 2 degrees in Warsaw, Budapest 3 in Bucharest, 11 degrees in Athens, 16 in Rome and finally 14 degrees [02:16.280 --> 02:22.880] in Marseille. In Algeria, for today, the sky will remain rather clear throughout the day [02:22.880 --> 02:27.920] in the west and in the center, we will have a few cloudy passages in the eastern regions and then on the [02:27.920 --> 02:33.840] southern part we will have a lot of sun, especially on the Tassili peak, the central sara and the extreme [02:33.840 --> 02:39.920] south of the country. The temperatures this afternoon are very very pleasant, we will have 18 degrees [02:39.920 --> 02:45.280] on the side of Algiers, 16 in Anaba, 20 degrees in Ouran, 18 in Tlemcen, 10 degrees it will be the [02:45.280 --> 02:51.200] minimum at the end of Anaba, on the southern part we will have 17 in Radaja, 18 in Bichar, Hassim Soud and [02:51.200 --> 02:56.560] finally 26 degrees, it will be the maximum on the side of Podimurtal and Nkzem. We end with the [02:56.560 --> 03:03.280] ephemeride today, January 1, 2012. The sun will set at 17h42. For more information, [03:03.280 --> 03:08.400] do not forget that the site of Métro Algérie is at your disposal, the www.meteopendez.com. [03:08.400 --> 03:13.920] Have a good morning and see you later. Thank you very much Mina, stay with us, we start this [03:13.920 --> 03:19.160] show with a song, a song through which we wish you health and prosperity and [03:19.160 --> 03:47.000] it is Chilifredem through the title Zeynchalat Helou. [04:49.160 --> 04:55.000] Music by Zeynchalat Helou [05:19.160 --> 05:23.000] Music by Zeynchalat Helou [05:49.160 --> 05:53.000] Music by Zeynchalat Helou [06:19.160 --> 06:29.720] Music by Zeynchalat Helou [06:29.720 --> 06:35.240] Music by Zeynchalat Helou [08:35.240 --> 08:39.240] I'm going to tell you, I'm going to tell you [08:39.240 --> 08:43.240] I'm going to tell you, I'm going to tell you [08:54.240 --> 09:03.320] The [09:03.320 --> 09:18.760] Best [09:18.760 --> 09:22.240] You [09:22.240 --> 09:30.320] Holy [09:30.320 --> 09:31.320] You [09:31.320 --> 10:00.960] We'll be right back with Marie-Emme Fidel at Sunday's meeting. [10:00.960 --> 10:02.960] This morning, Marie-Emme Fidel is going to talk about agrumes. [10:02.960 --> 10:03.960] Hello, Marie-Emme. [10:03.960 --> 10:04.960] Hello, Marie-Emme. [10:04.960 --> 10:05.960] Happy New Year, best wishes. [10:05.960 --> 10:06.960] Thank you. [10:06.960 --> 10:07.960] Happy New Year. [10:07.960 --> 10:08.960] And I think you wish us all the best. [10:08.960 --> 10:09.960] Yes. [10:09.960 --> 10:12.960] Because of the choice you made this morning, so the lemon. [10:12.960 --> 10:17.960] Exactly, because we know very well that the end of the year, which says the end of the year, says small excesses. [10:17.960 --> 10:22.960] So first of all, happy New Year, best wishes, health, health and health again. [10:22.960 --> 10:23.960] I say it very, very often. [10:23.960 --> 10:25.960] The lemon, why? [10:25.960 --> 10:28.960] Because we know very well that yesterday there were a lot of people who had excesses. [10:28.960 --> 10:37.960] And for excesses, to eliminate a little bit the fat, what better than to take a good lemon juice to degrease a little bit the blood. [10:37.960 --> 10:38.960] And not only that. [10:38.960 --> 10:44.960] Do you know that at the moment, this month of descent has still set records in terms of flu epidemics? [10:44.960 --> 10:45.960] Indeed. [10:45.960 --> 10:51.960] And we also know that vitamin C contributes to fighting this famous flu which is quite violent this year. [10:51.960 --> 10:52.960] It's true, it's true. [10:52.960 --> 10:58.960] And so why, first of all, the lemon, it's true, as I said, we know very well that we're going to do a few small excesses. [10:58.960 --> 11:01.960] But in fact, it's really, really the full season of the lemon. [11:01.960 --> 11:06.960] We find it on the market in very, very large quantities. [11:06.960 --> 11:08.960] And also at very, very interesting prices. [11:08.960 --> 11:13.960] So it's time to do your little lemon and vitamin C cure. [11:13.960 --> 11:14.960] It's true. [11:14.960 --> 11:16.960] When we compare to the month of abandonment, they used up to 400 dinars a kilo. [11:16.960 --> 11:17.960] Exactly. [11:17.960 --> 11:18.960] Because there, you have to take advantage of it. [11:18.960 --> 11:19.960] It's just 40 dinars. [11:19.960 --> 11:24.960] You know, on the side of, we're going to say towards the middle of the year, we can find it at 25 dinars a kilo. [11:24.960 --> 11:26.960] And some people, in fact... [11:26.960 --> 11:28.960] Go ahead, take a few small samples. [11:28.960 --> 11:30.960] Because in fact, we can keep the lemon for a long time. [11:30.960 --> 11:31.960] Absolutely. [11:31.960 --> 11:35.960] We can keep it in the refrigerator for about ten days, but maybe a little more. [11:35.960 --> 11:41.960] Personally, it takes me about 15 days in the refrigerator. [11:41.960 --> 11:43.960] And also, some people freeze it. [11:43.960 --> 11:45.960] How do we press it? [11:45.960 --> 11:48.960] We put it in small containers. [11:48.960 --> 11:50.960] We don't put the vitamin that tends to evaporate. [11:50.960 --> 11:51.960] Ah, that's clear, that's clear. [11:51.960 --> 11:53.960] Yes, the vitamin tends to... [11:53.960 --> 11:55.960] We have 15 minutes after pressing it to consume. [11:55.960 --> 11:56.960] For all the agrumes. [11:56.960 --> 11:57.960] It's valid for all the agrumes. [11:57.960 --> 12:02.960] So it's not worth preparing lemon juices or orange juices half an hour or an hour in advance. [12:02.960 --> 12:03.960] It's strictly useless. [12:03.960 --> 12:04.960] Except that you may have the taste. [12:04.960 --> 12:05.960] But not more. [12:05.960 --> 12:09.960] But hey, we know very well that during the summer, especially at the time of Ramadan, [12:09.960 --> 12:13.960] we all want lemon juice when it's hot. [12:13.960 --> 12:14.960] And we also use it. [12:14.960 --> 12:20.960] We need to know that we use it in the kitchen, that we use it in juices, that we also use it as a medicinal remedy. [12:20.960 --> 12:23.960] Practically everything is good in lemon and lemon juice. [12:23.960 --> 12:26.960] At the moment, lemon rinds in the Tizen of... [12:26.960 --> 12:27.960] Of vervein. [12:27.960 --> 12:29.960] Antigripa, in particular. [12:29.960 --> 12:30.960] Exactly, exactly. [12:30.960 --> 12:31.960] That's good. [12:31.960 --> 12:32.960] Absolutely, absolutely. [12:32.960 --> 12:36.960] It's true that it's an essential element for the Tizen, for all the people who have small problems [12:36.960 --> 12:40.960] of respiratory problems, of everything, as you said, Mehdi, of the flu. [12:40.960 --> 12:42.960] So it's really the ideal. [12:42.960 --> 12:45.960] But otherwise, as you said, for small excesses, [12:45.960 --> 12:47.960] end with a good juice of... [12:47.960 --> 12:50.960] A good glass of lemon juice, it doesn't hurt. [12:50.960 --> 12:54.960] Yes, but especially not, of course, sweet in abundance. [12:54.960 --> 12:55.960] Not too sweet. [12:55.960 --> 12:58.960] Well, for people who can drink it like that, naturally, just diluted in a little water, [12:58.960 --> 13:00.960] it's ideal in the morning. [13:00.960 --> 13:01.960] Agent. [13:01.960 --> 13:02.960] Agent, agent. [13:02.960 --> 13:04.960] So the acidity of the fruit doesn't hurt. [13:04.960 --> 13:05.960] Normally, no. [13:05.960 --> 13:07.960] Of course, people who have small problems come out. [13:07.960 --> 13:08.960] But normally, no. [13:08.960 --> 13:14.960] The acidity of the lemon is not as, let's say, aggressive as we can imagine. [13:14.960 --> 13:16.960] So wait half an hour, on the other hand. [13:16.960 --> 13:18.960] Half an hour later, we can have our breakfast [13:18.960 --> 13:21.960] and of course, without a butter pie. [13:21.960 --> 13:22.960] That's for sure. [13:22.960 --> 13:24.960] Today, she's strict. [13:24.960 --> 13:25.960] Ah yes. [13:25.960 --> 13:28.960] She advises us to avoid the lemon and everything else, [13:28.960 --> 13:32.960] just to eliminate everything we took these last few days. [13:32.960 --> 13:35.960] You know that some people manage to take 21-day cures, [13:35.960 --> 13:37.960] and that's really the ideal. [13:37.960 --> 13:39.960] So try to do 21 days of lemon cures. [13:39.960 --> 13:41.960] So take the morning to Agent. [13:41.960 --> 13:45.960] Try to season the salads instead of vinegar. [13:45.960 --> 13:46.960] And it's much better. [13:46.960 --> 13:47.960] It's much better. [13:47.960 --> 13:49.960] So try to consume it because we know very well [13:49.960 --> 13:51.960] that we can consume it in almost all sauces. [13:51.960 --> 13:52.960] Okay. [13:52.960 --> 13:54.960] A cure for weight loss? [13:54.960 --> 13:56.960] No, a cure for weight loss. [13:56.960 --> 13:58.960] A cure for having, let's say, fishing. [13:58.960 --> 13:59.960] The cure for vitamin C. [13:59.960 --> 14:01.960] There are a lot of oligosaccharides, elements of C. [14:01.960 --> 14:05.960] And on top of that, it's the season and it has a very, very particular taste [14:05.960 --> 14:06.960] different from the other seasons. [14:06.960 --> 14:08.960] We know very well that the lemon now, [14:08.960 --> 14:11.960] we know very well that there are lemon trees four seasons. [14:11.960 --> 14:13.960] So we have lemons all year round. [14:13.960 --> 14:15.960] But with the rain, with the cold, [14:15.960 --> 14:17.960] we know very well that it's fruits. [14:17.960 --> 14:18.960] The yield is much better. [14:18.960 --> 14:19.960] The taste is better. [14:19.960 --> 14:21.960] And the taste is excellent. [14:21.960 --> 14:22.960] That's true. [14:22.960 --> 14:24.960] The opportunity too, because I notice that these lemons [14:24.960 --> 14:27.960] are well in flesh, a beautiful flesh that envelops them. [14:27.960 --> 14:31.960] This is also an opportunity to prepare, for those who enjoy it, [14:31.960 --> 14:32.960] these confit fruits. [14:32.960 --> 14:33.960] Yes, the confit fruits. [14:33.960 --> 14:34.960] The fruit of the skin. [14:34.960 --> 14:39.960] The skin, even the juice inside, the pulp inside. [14:39.960 --> 14:41.960] And also some people also make confitures, [14:41.960 --> 14:46.960] they also make fruit doughs based on lemon. [14:46.960 --> 14:48.960] So this one is frankly recommended for that, [14:48.960 --> 14:51.960] because a beautiful flesh like that, will it give us? [14:51.960 --> 14:53.960] Yes, so the thicker the flesh, of course, [14:53.960 --> 14:55.960] and the more these fruits are used [14:55.960 --> 14:58.960] rather for confectionery and pastry. [14:58.960 --> 15:01.960] On the other hand, when the skin is much thinner, [15:01.960 --> 15:04.960] it's much more for the juice. [15:04.960 --> 15:07.960] So we find it in juice, in citronade. [15:07.960 --> 15:09.960] We have different varieties. [15:09.960 --> 15:11.960] This one, we would take it for another fruit. [15:11.960 --> 15:14.960] This one comes from Tiziouzou. [15:14.960 --> 15:15.960] It's a variety. [15:15.960 --> 15:17.960] You should know that there are a lot of varieties of lemon, [15:17.960 --> 15:20.960] even in terms of taste, for people who really appreciate it. [15:20.960 --> 15:22.960] So from one tree to another. [15:22.960 --> 15:24.960] So the caliber, the shape of the lemon. [15:24.960 --> 15:26.960] There is a very particular shape, [15:26.960 --> 15:29.960] a little flattened like that on the edges. [15:29.960 --> 15:31.960] We know more about this one. [15:31.960 --> 15:32.960] It's the most commercial. [15:32.960 --> 15:34.960] In fact, there is the commercial form, [15:34.960 --> 15:36.960] the one that is sold on the market. [15:36.960 --> 15:38.960] And on the other hand, these are actually particular [15:38.960 --> 15:40.960] because generally, it's trees that are not graffit. [15:40.960 --> 15:43.960] It's species that are a little spontaneous. [15:43.960 --> 15:44.960] So for this one. [15:44.960 --> 15:46.960] Everyone also knows the bigaradier. [15:46.960 --> 15:47.960] There is the bigaradier. [15:47.960 --> 15:50.960] There is the lemon tree that gives the small lemons that we know. [15:50.960 --> 15:51.960] There are a lot of varieties. [15:51.960 --> 15:55.960] And you should know that the soil where the lemon tree is planted [15:55.960 --> 15:59.960] influences the quality of the fruit. [15:59.960 --> 16:01.960] Whether it's the caliber, whether it's the acidity. [16:01.960 --> 16:03.960] You should know that from one soil to another, [16:03.960 --> 16:04.960] from one citrus to another, [16:04.960 --> 16:07.960] the acidity varies simply because of the climate [16:07.960 --> 16:09.960] and because of, as I said... [16:09.960 --> 16:11.960] It's valid for other fruits. [16:11.960 --> 16:13.960] Yes, for other fruits. [16:13.960 --> 16:16.960] And as I said, it's a fruit that is preserved very, very well. [16:16.960 --> 16:19.960] We know very well that it originates from China with all the crops. [16:19.960 --> 16:22.960] But we will say that its popularity has been increased [16:22.960 --> 16:25.960] because it is simply preserved extremely well. [16:25.960 --> 16:29.960] And we know very well that it was embarked on boats [16:29.960 --> 16:31.960] and fought the scoreboard. [16:31.960 --> 16:36.960] So that's why it could be introduced [16:36.960 --> 16:38.960] into the five continents. [16:38.960 --> 16:40.960] And well introduced since now we know very well [16:40.960 --> 16:43.960] that it is cultivated in the United States, in Latin America, [16:43.960 --> 16:45.960] in Europe too, even in the cold countries. [16:45.960 --> 16:47.960] There are certain varieties of lemon that manage to grow [16:47.960 --> 16:49.960] and that give excellent yield. [16:49.960 --> 16:50.960] That's true. [16:50.960 --> 16:53.960] And then enjoy, enjoy it right now. [16:53.960 --> 16:55.960] I think that to plant a tree, [16:55.960 --> 16:56.960] this is not the right time. [16:56.960 --> 16:57.960] This is not the right time. [16:57.960 --> 16:58.960] Or a citrus. [16:58.960 --> 16:59.960] So preferably, yes. [16:59.960 --> 17:00.960] In fact, if you want to plant trees, [17:00.960 --> 17:03.960] preferably it is in the months of November and December. [17:03.960 --> 17:04.960] Well, at the beginning of January, [17:04.960 --> 17:06.960] we know very well that the cold will settle well. [17:06.960 --> 17:08.960] So preferably wait [17:08.960 --> 17:10.960] and plant it in the month of March. [17:10.960 --> 17:13.960] So just go to specialized places. [17:13.960 --> 17:16.960] We know, you can go to the Bouffarique side. [17:16.960 --> 17:18.960] It is really the region that knows best. [17:18.960 --> 17:20.960] Exactly the fruit trees. [17:20.960 --> 17:21.960] And especially if the citrus trees, [17:21.960 --> 17:23.960] we know very well that the Métidia valley [17:23.960 --> 17:26.960] is world famous for its citrus trees. [17:26.960 --> 17:27.960] So you just go, [17:27.960 --> 17:29.960] you ask for a four-season lemon tree. [17:29.960 --> 17:31.960] If you have a garden or you plant it, it's perfect. [17:31.960 --> 17:33.960] Well, there's no problem, you'll just have to plant it. [17:33.960 --> 17:35.960] And you should also know that you can very well have it [17:35.960 --> 17:37.960] in a pot of large dimensions. [17:37.960 --> 17:39.960] And that will also give excellent results. [17:39.960 --> 17:41.960] Excellent fruit, of course, [17:41.960 --> 17:43.960] provided that you put some taro, [17:43.960 --> 17:45.960] to maintain it well, to harvest it well. [17:45.960 --> 17:48.960] And there we will be able to have its own citrus. [17:48.960 --> 17:50.960] In its balcony. [17:50.960 --> 17:52.960] Simply, yes, it's perfect. [17:52.960 --> 17:55.960] Great, so we started this year with citrus trees. [17:55.960 --> 17:57.960] I was saying, symbolically, [17:57.960 --> 17:59.960] since it's winter, it's the season of plums, [17:59.960 --> 18:03.960] it's also the period, the full season for this fruit. [18:03.960 --> 18:05.960] But hey, that said, [18:05.960 --> 18:07.960] you have to say that at the moment, [18:07.960 --> 18:09.960] we are talking more about four-season trees. [18:09.960 --> 18:11.960] So we have it all the time, not with this perfume, [18:11.960 --> 18:13.960] nor its calibers, and even less its taste. [18:13.960 --> 18:15.960] Yes, exactly, especially as I said, [18:15.960 --> 18:17.960] since the plum emery has been good. [18:17.960 --> 18:19.960] So of course, everyone knows the lemon zest. [18:19.960 --> 18:22.960] It's, let's say, an essential element [18:22.960 --> 18:25.960] for cakes or even me in the kitchen. [18:25.960 --> 18:27.960] Just a little tip too, [18:27.960 --> 18:29.960] so for people who like to make cakes, [18:29.960 --> 18:31.960] the breadcrumbs, if you want to have a breadcrumbs, [18:31.960 --> 18:33.960] let's say, not... [18:33.960 --> 18:36.960] that doesn't become doughy, in fact. [18:36.960 --> 18:38.960] Okay. [18:38.960 --> 18:40.960] Well, I don't know how to say for the breadcrumbs. [18:40.960 --> 18:42.960] But in any case, I know very well [18:42.960 --> 18:44.960] that there are drops of... [18:44.960 --> 18:46.960] Very crunchy. [18:46.960 --> 18:48.960] Exactly, very crunchy. [18:48.960 --> 18:50.960] It doesn't tend to soften. [18:50.960 --> 18:52.960] So a few drops of lemon juice in the breadcrumbs, [18:52.960 --> 18:54.960] and you'll see that the result will be excellent. [18:54.960 --> 18:56.960] Okay. [18:56.960 --> 18:58.960] We also know very well that it's an excellent... [18:58.960 --> 19:00.960] that it's an animal that is also used [19:00.960 --> 19:02.960] in the preservation of products. [19:02.960 --> 19:04.960] Yes, of course, for olives, [19:04.960 --> 19:06.960] whether it's practically also for the variant, [19:06.960 --> 19:08.960] when you want to make your own variant. [19:08.960 --> 19:10.960] So we put the lemon juice [19:10.960 --> 19:12.960] in the breadcrumbs, and the acidity [19:12.960 --> 19:14.960] plus the scent of the lemon. [19:14.960 --> 19:16.960] Very good. Thank you very much. [19:16.960 --> 19:18.960] Thank you, Maryam. Happy New Year again. [19:18.960 --> 19:20.960] Thank you. [19:20.960 --> 19:22.960] A few wishes to pass just before... [19:22.960 --> 19:24.960] Well, best wishes to my whole family. [19:24.960 --> 19:26.960] I wish them health, happiness, happiness. [19:26.960 --> 19:28.960] To my family and to all Algerians, [19:28.960 --> 19:30.960] and especially, let's say, to the whole world. [19:30.960 --> 19:32.960] So Happy New Year, best wishes. [19:32.960 --> 19:34.960] Very good. [19:34.960 --> 19:36.960] Happy New Year to you, [19:36.960 --> 19:38.960] again to Maryam, and then we'll see you next week. [19:38.960 --> 19:40.960] And you too, you can contact us [19:40.960 --> 19:42.960] to wish you a Happy New Year [19:42.960 --> 19:44.960] to the people you love, [19:44.960 --> 19:46.960] at 021 23 98 [19:46.960 --> 19:48.960] 91. And speaking of wishes, [19:48.960 --> 19:50.960] well, our reporters have moved, [19:50.960 --> 19:52.960] have come to meet you in the street. [19:52.960 --> 19:54.960] History, a little bit, [19:54.960 --> 19:56.960] to give you, to stretch the microphone [19:56.960 --> 19:58.960] and to give you the floor for this new year. [19:58.960 --> 20:00.960] We go straight through a first report [20:00.960 --> 20:02.960] signed by Leila Benaicha. [20:04.960 --> 20:06.960] Algiers, end of December, [20:06.960 --> 20:08.960] by a cold, covered and rainy time, [20:08.960 --> 20:10.960] the capital is about to welcome [20:10.960 --> 20:12.960] the new year 2012. [20:12.960 --> 20:14.960] What to choose between a rose, [20:14.960 --> 20:16.960] a perfume, [20:16.960 --> 20:18.960] to accompany the wishes of this occasion? [20:18.960 --> 20:20.960] The exhibition of the flowerspots of the florists, [20:20.960 --> 20:22.960] so well decorated, [20:22.960 --> 20:24.960] leaves no difference to the passer-by. [20:30.960 --> 20:32.960] The choice of a bouquet to offer [20:32.960 --> 20:34.960] is no longer a problem. [20:34.960 --> 20:36.960] The florists combine aesthetics [20:36.960 --> 20:38.960] and refinement, colors and forms [20:38.960 --> 20:40.960] of floral species [20:40.960 --> 20:42.960] to give a beautiful wonder, [20:42.960 --> 20:44.960] the bouquet of the new year. [20:44.960 --> 20:46.960] Another gift idea, [20:46.960 --> 20:48.960] the perfume, [20:48.960 --> 20:50.960] this essential product that distinguishes [20:50.960 --> 20:52.960] each of us, [20:52.960 --> 20:54.960] leaves us perplexed about the range [20:54.960 --> 20:56.960] exhibited on the market. [20:56.960 --> 20:58.960] What to choose? [21:00.960 --> 21:02.960] Multiple senses and senses, [21:02.960 --> 21:04.960] light, strong, sweet, [21:04.960 --> 21:06.960] fresh, embellished, [21:06.960 --> 21:08.960] perfume for the evening, [21:08.960 --> 21:10.960] perfume for the day, [21:10.960 --> 21:12.960] like coming to an old age, etc. [21:12.960 --> 21:14.960] For a good choice, [21:14.960 --> 21:16.960] never hesitate to ask [21:16.960 --> 21:18.960] for advice from specialists, [21:18.960 --> 21:20.960] because each has its perfume [21:20.960 --> 21:22.960] and each perfume has its budget. [21:22.960 --> 21:24.960] I will offer for my family, [21:24.960 --> 21:26.960] because at the end of the year [21:26.960 --> 21:28.960] we offer for the whole family. [21:28.960 --> 21:30.960] I am going to buy [21:30.960 --> 21:32.960] perfumes rather fresh, [21:32.960 --> 21:34.960] which are highly requested. [21:34.960 --> 21:36.960] There are scents like [21:36.960 --> 21:38.960] Chateau Feuille, Tévers, [21:38.960 --> 21:40.960] which are not bad, it's quite fresh. [21:40.960 --> 21:42.960] There are chests that are affordable. [21:42.960 --> 21:44.960] And there are perfumes [21:44.960 --> 21:46.960] which are a little stronger, [21:46.960 --> 21:48.960] everything depends on the age. [21:48.960 --> 21:50.960] So for my mother, I would take [21:50.960 --> 21:52.960] something else, another perfume rather. [21:52.960 --> 21:54.960] I am here to offer myself a perfume [21:54.960 --> 21:56.960] for the end of the year. [21:56.960 --> 21:58.960] My best wish to my family, [21:58.960 --> 22:00.960] to La Silouette, [22:00.960 --> 22:02.960] I want to make my best wishes [22:02.960 --> 22:04.960] to my husband's family, [22:04.960 --> 22:06.960] the Gémirette family, [22:06.960 --> 22:08.960] all in Colo, [22:08.960 --> 22:10.960] and all the portuers of Port d'Alger. [22:10.960 --> 22:12.960] Happy New Year to everyone, [22:12.960 --> 22:14.960] lots of good things for you [22:14.960 --> 22:16.960] for the next year. [22:16.960 --> 22:18.960] We hope that everything will be fine for us. [22:20.960 --> 22:22.960] With a pretty rose [22:22.960 --> 22:24.960] and the smell of a good perfume, [22:24.960 --> 22:28.960] Happy New Year to everyone. [22:28.960 --> 22:30.960] Amar Balkhadjav, it is a pleasure to be among us [22:30.960 --> 22:32.960] on January 1, 2012. [22:32.960 --> 22:34.960] Welcome to you. [22:34.960 --> 22:36.960] Happy New Year, best wishes. [22:36.960 --> 22:38.960] I take this opportunity to present my wishes [22:38.960 --> 22:40.960] of health and success to the whole team [22:40.960 --> 22:42.960] of Bonjour l'Algérie, [22:42.960 --> 22:44.960] and at the same time to all those [22:44.960 --> 22:46.960] who follow this program. [22:46.960 --> 22:48.960] Thank you to you too, to all your relatives. [22:48.960 --> 22:50.960] Symbolically, this morning, [22:50.960 --> 22:52.960] we are January 1, 2012, [22:52.960 --> 22:54.960] the 50th anniversary [22:54.960 --> 22:56.960] of the liberation [22:56.960 --> 22:58.960] and independence of the country. [22:58.960 --> 23:00.960] We are talking through a page of history, [23:00.960 --> 23:02.960] I was saying earlier, symbolically, [23:02.960 --> 23:04.960] in relation to the choice of the theme, [23:04.960 --> 23:06.960] because we are addressing a question [23:06.960 --> 23:08.960] that has been very little treated [23:08.960 --> 23:10.960] through history, [23:10.960 --> 23:12.960] through historians and history, [23:12.960 --> 23:14.960] and which continues to be written. [23:14.960 --> 23:16.960] I always say that history is still an open page, [23:16.960 --> 23:18.960] completely. [23:18.960 --> 23:20.960] And this is what you are proving to us [23:20.960 --> 23:22.960] in the Daraa Enfumade, [23:22.960 --> 23:24.960] because it is a work that was entirely dedicated [23:24.960 --> 23:26.960] to these famous, [23:26.960 --> 23:28.960] these Enfumades, [23:28.960 --> 23:30.960] which was not the case before, [23:30.960 --> 23:32.960] in particular in works where it was simply cited [23:32.960 --> 23:34.960] among so many other massacres. [23:34.960 --> 23:36.960] I will start by saying that [23:36.960 --> 23:38.960] the Daraa Enfumades [23:38.960 --> 23:40.960] are an abominable crime [23:40.960 --> 23:42.960] committed by the invasion army, [23:42.960 --> 23:44.960] and that history [23:44.960 --> 23:46.960] must be [23:46.960 --> 23:48.960] constantly evoked. [23:48.960 --> 23:50.960] When I say history, why? [23:50.960 --> 23:52.960] Because in terms of history, [23:52.960 --> 23:54.960] as Moussa al-Sharif said, [23:54.960 --> 23:56.960] there is no prescription. [23:56.960 --> 23:58.960] If there is no prescription, [23:58.960 --> 24:00.960] there is no absolution either. [24:00.960 --> 24:02.960] The Daraa Enfumades are a tragedy [24:02.960 --> 24:04.960] for our people, [24:04.960 --> 24:06.960] and that the generations [24:06.960 --> 24:08.960] of today and tomorrow [24:08.960 --> 24:10.960] must not forget. [24:10.960 --> 24:12.960] We do not have the right [24:12.960 --> 24:14.960] to be indifferent [24:14.960 --> 24:16.960] to the past and the suffering [24:16.960 --> 24:18.960] we have suffered [24:18.960 --> 24:20.960] in their flesh and in their personalities. [24:20.960 --> 24:22.960] The Daraa Enfumades, to finish, [24:22.960 --> 24:24.960] are a massacre, [24:24.960 --> 24:26.960] a massacre, a premeditated massacre, [24:26.960 --> 24:28.960] I say premeditated, [24:28.960 --> 24:30.960] that the human consciousness [24:30.960 --> 24:32.960] must prove. [24:32.960 --> 24:34.960] I say human consciousness, why? [24:34.960 --> 24:36.960] Because there are not 36 human species [24:36.960 --> 24:38.960] that populate the planet. [24:38.960 --> 24:40.960] There is only one, it is the human species. [24:40.960 --> 24:42.960] Whatever the religious, [24:42.960 --> 24:44.960] racial, cultural differences, [24:44.960 --> 24:46.960] are the same [24:46.960 --> 24:48.960] everywhere in this world. [24:48.960 --> 24:50.960] So the crimes committed [24:50.960 --> 24:52.960] against the Algerian people [24:52.960 --> 24:54.960] during the years of conquest, [24:54.960 --> 24:56.960] during the entire colonial presence [24:56.960 --> 24:58.960] from 1830 to 1962, [24:58.960 --> 25:00.960] are not only [25:00.960 --> 25:02.960] crimes committed against the Algerians, [25:02.960 --> 25:04.960] but against humanity as a whole. [25:04.960 --> 25:06.960] This theme, this definition, [25:06.960 --> 25:08.960] this concept, must be defended. [25:08.960 --> 25:10.960] It is true that it remains [25:10.960 --> 25:12.960] a method of massive extermination [25:12.960 --> 25:14.960] that is known, even in school manuals, [25:14.960 --> 25:16.960] we do not talk about it enough, [25:16.960 --> 25:18.960] we are talking about other forms [25:18.960 --> 25:20.960] of extermination that the Algerian people have experienced, [25:20.960 --> 25:22.960] but much less than this one, [25:22.960 --> 25:24.960] yet there were quite a few. [25:24.960 --> 25:26.960] We are quoting the Daraa Enfumades, [25:26.960 --> 25:28.960] just before we get into [25:28.960 --> 25:30.960] the subject, the history, [25:30.960 --> 25:32.960] a little geographical course. [25:32.960 --> 25:34.960] Where exactly are the Daraa Enfumades? [25:34.960 --> 25:36.960] The Daraa Enfumades are [25:36.960 --> 25:38.960] in the region of Mossagana, [25:38.960 --> 25:40.960] but which will extend [25:40.960 --> 25:42.960] to the region of Tienesse, [25:42.960 --> 25:44.960] in the region of Chleuf currently. [25:44.960 --> 25:46.960] So these are months [25:46.960 --> 25:48.960] that separate the Mediterranean rivers [25:48.960 --> 25:50.960] a little with the plains [25:50.960 --> 25:52.960] of the Abra de Rélysande, [25:52.960 --> 25:54.960] of Chleuf. [25:54.960 --> 25:56.960] It is a mountain range [25:56.960 --> 25:58.960] that separates [25:58.960 --> 26:00.960] the sea a little [26:00.960 --> 26:02.960] and the plains of [26:02.960 --> 26:04.960] Chleuf du Gélif and Rélysande. [26:04.960 --> 26:06.960] But the biggest [26:06.960 --> 26:08.960] place where [26:08.960 --> 26:10.960] the Daraa Enfumades have been [26:10.960 --> 26:12.960] is in the region of Hachachat. [26:12.960 --> 26:14.960] Hachachat is a region [26:14.960 --> 26:16.960] of the village of Mossagana. [26:16.960 --> 26:18.960] So what happened? [26:18.960 --> 26:20.960] We are in 1845. [26:20.960 --> 26:22.960] We are in June 1845. [26:22.960 --> 26:24.960] In June 1845. [26:24.960 --> 26:26.960] What happened in 1845? [26:26.960 --> 26:28.960] In 1845, [26:28.960 --> 26:30.960] the war is total. [26:30.960 --> 26:32.960] What is the total war? [26:32.960 --> 26:34.960] The Bijoux, who was named [26:34.960 --> 26:36.960] governor-general in 1840, [26:36.960 --> 26:38.960] chief of the invasion army, [26:38.960 --> 26:40.960] of the invasion army, [26:40.960 --> 26:42.960] so unable [26:42.960 --> 26:44.960] to win [26:44.960 --> 26:46.960] victories on the troops of the [26:46.960 --> 26:48.960] emirate cadres. [26:48.960 --> 26:50.960] He will simply innovate [26:50.960 --> 26:52.960] a devastating policy, [26:52.960 --> 26:54.960] the policy of the burnt earth. [26:54.960 --> 26:56.960] He was not able to [26:56.960 --> 26:58.960] defeat the emir [26:58.960 --> 27:00.960] on the ground. [27:00.960 --> 27:02.960] In a loyal way? [27:02.960 --> 27:04.960] In a loyal way, because the emir, being weak on the plan of [27:04.960 --> 27:06.960] adopting the guerrilla. [27:06.960 --> 27:08.960] And this guerrilla is going to harass [27:08.960 --> 27:10.960] the colonial army, which is going to be [27:10.960 --> 27:12.960] defeated. [27:12.960 --> 27:14.960] And Bijoux is going to [27:14.960 --> 27:16.960] opt for [27:16.960 --> 27:18.960] the devastation, [27:18.960 --> 27:20.960] the destruction of the Pays. [27:20.960 --> 27:22.960] In 1845, the Pays [27:22.960 --> 27:24.960] are entirely in a state [27:24.960 --> 27:26.960] of total ruin. [27:26.960 --> 27:28.960] Because we are going to trigger [27:28.960 --> 27:30.960] destruction operations. [27:30.960 --> 27:32.960] We burn our fingers in Pays, [27:32.960 --> 27:34.960] the destruction [27:34.960 --> 27:36.960] of the Pays. [27:36.960 --> 27:38.960] We act to [27:38.960 --> 27:40.960] deprive the Algerian people [27:40.960 --> 27:42.960] so that they can no longer support [27:42.960 --> 27:44.960] their revolt behind the banner of [27:44.960 --> 27:46.960] the emirate cadres. [27:46.960 --> 27:48.960] We are going to opt for [27:48.960 --> 27:50.960] heroism, I say heroism [27:50.960 --> 27:52.960] in the good market. This is a formula from [27:52.960 --> 27:54.960] Dr. Abdelaziz Haldi, who, [27:54.960 --> 27:56.960] evoking the massacre of 1945, [27:56.960 --> 27:58.960] said that the French army [27:58.960 --> 28:00.960] opted for a heroism [28:00.960 --> 28:02.960] by using [28:02.960 --> 28:04.960] methods against [28:04.960 --> 28:06.960] the armies. [28:06.960 --> 28:08.960] And it started a century before the [28:08.960 --> 28:10.960] massacre of 1845, [28:10.960 --> 28:12.960] because we have in 1845 [28:12.960 --> 28:14.960] a tribe, we are going further [28:14.960 --> 28:16.960] in the vif of the subject, since you mentioned [28:16.960 --> 28:18.960] the tribe of Ouladriyah, [28:18.960 --> 28:20.960] who lived [28:20.960 --> 28:22.960] in the plains of [28:22.960 --> 28:24.960] Mount Dahra, [28:24.960 --> 28:26.960] who received the information [28:26.960 --> 28:28.960] of the arrival of the colonial army [28:28.960 --> 28:30.960] in the grotto, [28:30.960 --> 28:32.960] this famous grotto. [28:32.960 --> 28:34.960] Yes. [28:34.960 --> 28:36.960] Bujot is in the region of [28:36.960 --> 28:38.960] Orléans-Ville. [28:38.960 --> 28:40.960] These officers [28:40.960 --> 28:42.960] are still [28:42.960 --> 28:44.960] in operation [28:44.960 --> 28:46.960] in the region of Dahra. [28:46.960 --> 28:48.960] It did not start with Pélissier, [28:48.960 --> 28:50.960] it started with Cavignac. [28:50.960 --> 28:52.960] Cavignac, in June 1844, [28:52.960 --> 28:54.960] will smoke [28:54.960 --> 28:56.960] inside a grotto [28:56.960 --> 28:58.960] the tribe of Seville. [28:58.960 --> 29:00.960] And in 1845, [29:00.960 --> 29:02.960] June 19, 1845, [29:02.960 --> 29:04.960] it is around Pélissier [29:04.960 --> 29:06.960] to make sure, [29:06.960 --> 29:08.960] always on the orders of Bujot, [29:08.960 --> 29:10.960] he says to Pélissier, [29:10.960 --> 29:12.960] if ever, if ever, [29:12.960 --> 29:14.960] the tribe of Ouladriyah [29:14.960 --> 29:16.960] do not incline, [29:16.960 --> 29:18.960] do not submit [29:18.960 --> 29:20.960] and penetrate inside a grotto, [29:20.960 --> 29:22.960] imitate Cavignac, [29:22.960 --> 29:24.960] and smoke them like foxes. [29:24.960 --> 29:26.960] This is the declaration of Bujot. [29:26.960 --> 29:28.960] So we are facing [29:28.960 --> 29:30.960] a premeditated crime. [29:30.960 --> 29:32.960] There are no accidents. [29:32.960 --> 29:34.960] Exactly. [29:34.960 --> 29:36.960] There have been tests [29:36.960 --> 29:38.960] that have been advanced. [29:38.960 --> 29:40.960] Accidents have not been the case. [29:40.960 --> 29:42.960] All this, of course, [29:42.960 --> 29:44.960] speaking of references, [29:44.960 --> 29:46.960] you have relied a little on [29:46.960 --> 29:48.960] the correspondence of the generals [29:48.960 --> 29:50.960] of the time. [29:50.960 --> 29:52.960] Absolutely. [29:52.960 --> 29:54.960] This is the dishonor [29:54.960 --> 29:56.960] of the colonial army. [29:56.960 --> 29:58.960] So on June 19, 1845, [29:58.960 --> 30:22.960] the tribe of Ouladriyah...