[00:00.000 --> 00:03.200]  they need to build a future of unlimited possibilities.
[00:03.200 --> 00:19.080]  Good evening and welcome, I'm Amna Nawaz, Judy Woodruff is away.
[00:19.080 --> 00:21.320]  On the news hour tonight, a verdict.
[00:21.320 --> 00:26.760]  A jury orders conspiracy theorist Alex Jones to pay the families of the Sandy Hook massacre
[00:26.760 --> 00:29.800]  nearly one billion dollars in damages.
[00:29.800 --> 00:34.920]  During the Saudi connection, the United States reevaluates its relationship with the kingdom
[00:34.920 --> 00:39.480]  over a cut in oil production that's pushing up gas prices.
[00:39.480 --> 00:45.240]  And first time voters, young adults in Wisconsin, discuss their hopes for the country's future
[00:45.240 --> 00:49.000]  and whether politicians are listening to their concerns.
[00:49.000 --> 00:52.440]  I've been very politically engaged through high school and I'm excited to get my foot
[00:52.440 --> 00:55.640]  in the door and actually have a voice in my government.
[00:55.640 --> 01:09.400]  All that and more on tonight's PBS NewsHour.
[01:09.400 --> 01:27.000]  Major funding for the PBS NewsHour has been provided by...
[01:27.000 --> 01:44.600]  Moving our economy for 160 years, BNSF, the engine that connects us.
[01:44.600 --> 01:52.520]  Pediatric surgeon, volunteer, topiary artist, a Raymond James financial advisor, Taylor's
[01:52.520 --> 02:03.600]  advice to help you live your life, life well planned.
[02:03.600 --> 02:08.320]  The Walton Family Foundation, working for solutions to protect water during climate
[02:08.320 --> 02:14.640]  change so people and major can thrive together.
[02:14.640 --> 02:19.440]  Supported by the John Dee and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, committed to building
[02:19.440 --> 02:22.520]  a more just, verdant and peaceful world.
[02:22.520 --> 02:24.520]  More information at Macfound.org.
[02:24.520 --> 02:36.760]  And with the ongoing support of these institutions.
[02:36.760 --> 02:41.600]  This program was made possible by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting and by contributions
[02:41.600 --> 02:44.760]  to your PBS station from viewers like you.
[02:44.760 --> 02:49.480]  Thank you.
[02:49.480 --> 02:55.520]  A jury in Connecticut has ordered conspiracy theorist Alex Jones to pay nearly $1 billion
[02:55.520 --> 02:57.520]  in damages for defamation.
[02:57.520 --> 03:03.360]  The host of the InfoWar show had claimed the 2012 Sandy Hook School Massacre was a hoax.
[03:03.360 --> 03:08.560]  Relatives of eight of the 26 victims and an FBI agent brought the suit.
[03:08.560 --> 03:12.480]  They said today's verdict is a hard fought victory.
[03:12.480 --> 03:17.920]  All I can really say is that I'm just proud that what we were able to accomplish was just
[03:17.920 --> 03:26.240]  to simply tell the truth and it shouldn't be this hard and it shouldn't be this scary.
[03:26.240 --> 03:30.840]  I shouldn't have to worry about what my daughters are going to go through when I tell them that
[03:30.840 --> 03:33.360]  it's best that they just tell the truth.
[03:33.360 --> 03:39.160]  Jones already faced a $50 million penalty that a Texas jury imposed in August will return
[03:39.160 --> 03:41.440]  to this story later in the program.
[03:41.440 --> 03:45.960]  A jury in South Florida has begun deliberating on whether Parkland school shooter Nicholas
[03:45.960 --> 03:48.240]  Cruz will be sentenced to death.
[03:48.240 --> 03:52.800]  Cruz already pleaded guilty to killing 17 people at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School
[03:52.800 --> 03:54.280]  in 2018.
[03:54.280 --> 03:56.080]  He's now 24 years old.
[03:56.080 --> 04:00.080]  The defense is asking for life in prison without parole.
[04:00.080 --> 04:04.800]  In Ukraine, seven more people were killed today as Russia fired more missiles, drones
[04:04.800 --> 04:07.760]  and artillery rounds into major cities.
[04:07.760 --> 04:12.560]  In all, the new Russian offensive has killed at least 26 people since Monday.
[04:12.560 --> 04:17.880]  The latest attacks came as U.S. Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin and other NATO defense ministers
[04:17.880 --> 04:22.120]  met in Brussels on bolstering Ukraine's weapons supply.
[04:22.120 --> 04:27.440]  And that resolve has only been heightened by the deliberate cruelty of Russia's new
[04:27.440 --> 04:32.560]  barrage against Ukraine's cities.
[04:32.560 --> 04:39.680]  missiles assaults on targets with no military purpose, again, reveal the malice of Putin's
[04:39.680 --> 04:41.480]  war of choice.
[04:41.480 --> 04:45.960]  Russian fire also knocked out power to the Zaporizhia nuclear plant for the second time
[04:45.960 --> 04:47.640]  in five days.
[04:47.640 --> 04:53.080]  And at the United Nations, the General Assembly voted overwhelmingly to condemn Russia's attempt
[04:53.080 --> 04:55.560]  to annex more of Ukraine.
[04:55.560 --> 05:00.080]  Russian President Vladimir Putin says Moscow is set to resume natural gas deliveries to
[05:00.080 --> 05:01.080]  Europe.
[05:01.080 --> 05:05.520]  It is today that the Nord Stream 2 pipeline to Germany could still be used, despite being
[05:05.520 --> 05:08.160]  damaged by explosions last month.
[05:08.160 --> 05:12.880]  Germany quickly rejected the offer as another attempt to renew Europe's dependence on Russian
[05:12.880 --> 05:14.040]  energy.
[05:14.040 --> 05:19.400]  New protests swept Iran today, despite heavy police presence and an Internet outage that
[05:19.400 --> 05:21.120]  hindered communications.
[05:21.120 --> 05:27.280]  Demonstrators rallied in at least 19 cities over the death of Masa Amini in police custody.
[05:27.280 --> 05:31.800]  Putin marched in the streets, defiantly removing their mandatory hijabs.
[05:31.800 --> 05:39.720]  In Tehran, Supreme Leader Ayatollah Khamenei blamed foreign elements for the unrest.
[05:39.720 --> 05:43.120]  Some are either agents of the enemy or they are aligned with the enemy.
[05:43.120 --> 05:44.600]  Others are just excited.
[05:44.600 --> 05:49.240]  The first group must be dealt with by judicial and national security officials.
[05:49.240 --> 05:52.580]  The regime has carried out a violent crackdown on the protests.
[05:52.580 --> 05:57.800]  One human rights group estimated today that at least 200 people have been killed.
[05:57.800 --> 06:01.960]  Back in this country, the former head of the Los Angeles City Council has resigned her
[06:01.960 --> 06:05.280]  council seat over racist remarks that were leaked.
[06:05.280 --> 06:09.320]  Nuri Martinez had already stepped down from her post as council president.
[06:09.320 --> 06:13.360]  On the leaked recording, Martinez and two other council members talked about protecting
[06:13.360 --> 06:17.440]  Latino voting power and made abusive remarks about other groups.
[06:17.440 --> 06:21.440]  The California attorney general has announced he will look into the process for drawing
[06:21.440 --> 06:23.680]  new council districts.
[06:23.680 --> 06:28.200]  Former President Trump was ordered today to give a deposition in a defamation lawsuit.
[06:28.200 --> 06:30.720]  A federal judge issued the order in New York.
[06:30.720 --> 06:35.560]  Advice columnist E. Jean Carroll says Mr. Trump defamed her when he denied raping her
[06:35.560 --> 06:39.200]  in a department store dressing room in the mid-1990s.
[06:39.200 --> 06:43.920]  The former president's legal team has repeatedly tried to quash the lawsuit.
[06:43.920 --> 06:49.360]  The CDC today approved updated COVID-19 booster shots for children as young as five years
[06:49.360 --> 06:50.360]  old.
[06:50.360 --> 06:55.560]  Various Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are tailored to better provide protection against the highly
[06:55.560 --> 06:57.880]  contagious Omicron variant.
[06:57.880 --> 07:03.640]  CDC approval came hours after the FDA authorized the boosters for the younger age group.
[07:03.640 --> 07:08.240]  And on Wall Street today, stocks ended slightly lower after news that wholesale inflation
[07:08.240 --> 07:12.200]  rose eight and a half percent in September from a year earlier.
[07:12.200 --> 07:17.440]  The Dow Jones industrial average lost 28 points to close at 29,210.
[07:17.440 --> 07:22.960]  The Nasdaq fell nine points, and the S&P 500 slipped 11, still to come.
[07:22.960 --> 07:29.160]  On the NewsHour, President Biden's student loan forgiveness plan faces legal challenges.
[07:29.160 --> 07:33.680]  Reporters across the country share the latest on the races that could decide control of
[07:33.680 --> 07:50.160]  Congress, plus much more.
[07:50.160 --> 07:55.600]  As we reported, conspiracy theorist Alex Jones has been ordered to pay nearly $1 billion,
[07:55.600 --> 08:00.720]  $965 million, to be exact, for the lies he spread about the Sandy Hook Elementary School
[08:00.720 --> 08:03.000]  massacre in 2012.
[08:03.000 --> 08:07.480]  Jones had falsely claimed the attack that left more than two dozen people dead, including
[08:07.480 --> 08:13.160]  20 children, was a hoax, and accused a grieving parent of being an actor in the days after
[08:13.160 --> 08:14.160]  the murders.
[08:14.160 --> 08:19.280]  A Texas jury awarded nearly $50 million in a separate damages trial this summer.
[08:19.280 --> 08:23.440]  And Jones likely faces yet another trial before the year is up.
[08:23.440 --> 08:27.960]  For some perspective on the scope of this award and what happens now, we turn to Jesse
[08:27.960 --> 08:28.960]  Gessen.
[08:28.960 --> 08:33.760]  He is a trial lawyer in California who works on both civil and criminal cases.
[08:33.760 --> 08:35.840]  Mr. Gessen, welcome to the NewsHour.
[08:35.840 --> 08:36.920]  Thank you for joining us.
[08:36.920 --> 08:40.000]  Let's just start with some context on this verdict.
[08:40.000 --> 08:41.960]  It is an enormous amount of money.
[08:41.960 --> 08:45.120]  What did you think when you heard the damages being awarded?
[08:45.120 --> 08:46.120]  Wow.
[08:46.120 --> 08:52.400]  Quite frankly, it's probably one of the largest defamation verdicts in U.S. history.
[08:52.400 --> 08:57.880]  Also, it's compensatory, meaning that there's still going to be punitive damages, which
[08:57.880 --> 09:05.040]  could be up to 10 times as much under the United States Constitution.
[09:05.040 --> 09:12.280]  So we're going to see probably this verdict at least, I would say, at least double or
[09:12.280 --> 09:14.740]  triple or maybe even up to 10 times more.
[09:14.740 --> 09:19.040]  For anyone following the trial, I mean, it was an incredibly emotional trial, emotional
[09:19.040 --> 09:24.200]  testimony from the parents who've lost their children in the most horrific way.
[09:24.200 --> 09:29.280]  Do you think, did that play a role in the size of the verdict that was eventually awarded?
[09:29.280 --> 09:32.040]  Assuredly.
[09:32.040 --> 09:35.440]  This verdict says two things.
[09:35.440 --> 09:38.960]  Number one, it says we hate Alex Jones.
[09:38.960 --> 09:46.240]  And number two, that we are inflamed, and we feel that these parents have lost something
[09:46.240 --> 09:52.160]  very, very, very special to them, and we're going to do our best to give it back to them
[09:52.160 --> 09:53.840]  with our verdict.
[09:53.840 --> 10:00.440]  We should point out earlier this year, Infowars and its parent company did file for bankruptcy
[10:00.440 --> 10:01.440]  protections.
[10:01.440 --> 10:06.480]  What kind of impact could that have on the amount that's actually paid out?
[10:06.480 --> 10:13.520]  Well, the verdict is against Alex Jones and the company.
[10:13.520 --> 10:18.160]  And so Alex Jones may end up filing for bankruptcy protection as well.
[10:18.160 --> 10:29.760]  His estimated net worth is anywhere between $135 to $270 million.
[10:29.760 --> 10:32.120]  So he may declare bankruptcy as well.
[10:32.120 --> 10:37.080]  But it is certainly possible that this verdict and the Texas verdict could be swept up into
[10:37.080 --> 10:43.480]  the bankruptcy and significantly decreased under U.S. bankruptcy law.
[10:43.480 --> 10:47.240]  You mentioned that Texas verdict, and I want to get your analysis on the difference you
[10:47.240 --> 10:52.600]  see between that Texas verdict that was around $50 million and was eventually knocked down
[10:52.600 --> 10:57.520]  because of state limits on those kinds of awards and the damages we saw awarded today.
[10:57.520 --> 11:03.520]  How do you see the difference between what unfolded in Texas and what happened in Connecticut?
[11:03.520 --> 11:11.560]  It's hard not to draw the inference that the two different jury pools are somewhat politically
[11:11.560 --> 11:13.760]  motivated.
[11:13.760 --> 11:17.400]  The compensatory damages in the Texas verdict was $4 million.
[11:17.400 --> 11:25.200]  The compensatory damages in the Connecticut verdict is $965 million.
[11:25.200 --> 11:31.000]  That's a $961 million difference in compensatory damages.
[11:31.000 --> 11:37.520]  We still have to see punitive damages in Connecticut so that the difference could be even far
[11:37.520 --> 11:39.160]  more striking.
[11:39.160 --> 11:48.040]  I think it's safe to say that the Connecticut verdict is a far more liberal jury pool and
[11:48.040 --> 11:52.060]  that had to have factored into their verdict.
[11:52.060 --> 11:56.160]  We should also point out, we learned later today that Jones' lawyer has said they do
[11:56.160 --> 11:57.920]  plan to appeal.
[11:57.920 --> 12:03.800]  But Mr. Gessen, we should remind folks, Mr. Jones was spreading these lies for years,
[12:03.800 --> 12:09.000]  saying that the whole attack was a hoax, that in some cases parents were responsible for
[12:09.000 --> 12:11.400]  the deaths of their own children.
[12:11.400 --> 12:14.000]  He's not alone in spreading some of these lies, though.
[12:14.000 --> 12:17.920]  And I wonder, as you look at this moment, what you think this verdict says in the way
[12:17.920 --> 12:24.200]  of a message it sends about the legal landscape surrounding holding those who spread misinformation
[12:24.200 --> 12:26.520]  accountable in some way.
[12:26.520 --> 12:37.040]  Well, if you're profiting off of conspiracy theories that are defamatory, that are obviously
[12:37.040 --> 12:39.800]  false, you need to watch yourself.
[12:39.800 --> 12:49.000]  And a litigant can clearly prosper in two very separate forms.
[12:49.000 --> 12:56.120]  And I think that it sends a strong message to people that are making money on lies.
[12:56.120 --> 13:02.480]  And especially given that this isn't the end, we have the punitive damages verdict, and
[13:02.480 --> 13:06.040]  then we also have a third Sandy Hook lawsuit.
[13:06.040 --> 13:11.800]  So I think that it sends a strong message to people who are in the business of peddling
[13:11.800 --> 13:14.020]  conspiracies.
[13:14.020 --> 13:18.320]  That is Jesse Gessen, a trial attorney in California, joining us tonight.
[13:18.320 --> 13:21.400]  Mr. Gessen, thank you for your time.
[13:21.400 --> 13:34.640]  Thank you for having me.
[13:34.640 --> 13:39.200]  Legal relations between the White House and Saudi Arabia's ruling royal family are at
[13:39.200 --> 13:42.700]  a low point and may be set to dive even lower.
[13:42.700 --> 13:46.980]  From President Biden's fighting words on the campaign trail to recent Saudi-led cuts in
[13:46.980 --> 13:52.600]  global oil supplies, the status of the more than 75-year-old alliance is troubled, and
[13:52.600 --> 13:56.480]  many in the administration and on Capitol Hill want a reset.
[13:56.480 --> 13:58.120]  Nick Schifrin begins our coverage.
[13:58.120 --> 14:05.560]  One of the most colorful visits to the presidential cruiser was that of the ruler of Saudi Arabia.
[14:05.560 --> 14:10.000]  America's longest relationship with an Arab state began 77 years ago.
[14:10.000 --> 14:15.120]  Four-time elected U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt and Ibn Saud, the warrior monarch
[14:15.120 --> 14:20.680]  backed by a fanatical clergy, created a fundamental agreement, American security, in exchange
[14:20.680 --> 14:22.560]  for Saudi energy.
[14:22.560 --> 14:25.120]  But today that agreement must be reexamined.
[14:25.120 --> 14:31.600]  President Biden told CNN's Jake Tapper last night.
[14:31.600 --> 14:36.320]  What the Saudis did with fellow OPEC leader Russia is the largest oil production cut in
[14:36.320 --> 14:38.840]  more than two years over U.S. warnings.
[14:38.840 --> 14:43.160]  It was announced by OPEC Secretary General Haifa Malgais.
[14:43.160 --> 14:46.240]  We are not endangering the energy markets.
[14:46.240 --> 14:54.600]  We are providing security, stability to the energy markets.
[14:54.600 --> 14:56.000]  Everything has a price.
[14:56.000 --> 14:58.160]  Including the U.S.-Saudi relationship.
[14:58.160 --> 15:03.400]  In the 1970s, Saudi Arabia helped lead an oil embargo over U.S. support for Israel.
[15:03.400 --> 15:07.200]  You have declared a jihad against the United States.
[15:07.200 --> 15:09.080]  Can you tell us why?
[15:09.080 --> 15:13.880]  The kingdom claims it fights the fires of radicalism, but critics call it the arsonist.
[15:13.880 --> 15:19.840]  The Saudi Osama bin Laden sparked global attacks against the West and its Arab allies.
[15:19.840 --> 15:23.520]  Fifteen of 9-11 hijackers were Saudi.
[15:23.520 --> 15:28.600]  And decades of criticism of Saudi Arabia's poor human rights record crescendoed in 2018
[15:28.600 --> 15:33.280]  after journalist Jamal Khashoggi walked into the Saudi Istanbul's consulate, was murdered
[15:33.280 --> 15:35.080]  and cut into pieces.
[15:35.080 --> 15:39.520]  The U.S. intelligence community assessed the operation was approved by the kingdom's powerful
[15:39.520 --> 15:43.040]  crown prince and future king, Mohammed bin Salman.
[15:43.040 --> 15:46.600]  The following year, candidate Joe Biden promised punishment.
[15:46.600 --> 15:51.520]  We were going to in fact make them pay the price and make them in fact the pariah that
[15:51.520 --> 15:52.520]  they are.
[15:52.520 --> 15:56.840]  But that proved to be a speed bump that preceded this year's fist bump.
[15:56.840 --> 16:00.920]  President Biden and his team worked with MBS and acknowledged that the kingdom has helped
[16:00.920 --> 16:04.160]  the U.S. for decades across continents.
[16:04.160 --> 16:09.400]  In the late 70s, Saudi Arabia provided crucial support for the Afghan mujahideen to defeat
[16:09.400 --> 16:13.720]  the Soviet military and help collapse the Soviet Union.
[16:13.720 --> 16:19.120]  In the early 90s, Saudi Arabia invited the largest U.S. overseas deployment in decades.
[16:19.120 --> 16:24.160]  U.S. troops used the kingdom as a base to fight the Gulf War.
[16:24.160 --> 16:29.000]  After 9-11, the Bush administration held onto the alliance to cooperate on terrorism and
[16:29.000 --> 16:32.080]  target al-Qaeda.
[16:32.080 --> 16:36.760]  And in 2017, President Trump made Saudi Arabia his first overseas stop.
[16:36.760 --> 16:41.800]  Saudi Arabia and its allies helped shift U.S. regional policy.
[16:41.800 --> 16:46.840]  And Riyadh-Washington cooperation helped lead to the historic 2020 normalization agreements
[16:46.840 --> 16:49.760]  between Israel, Bahrain, and the UAE.
[16:49.760 --> 16:54.440]  Today, the Biden administration is releasing our national security strategy.
[16:54.440 --> 16:59.560]  Today, the U.S. acknowledges it's well aware that the relationship provides benefits, but
[16:59.560 --> 17:04.240]  the administration will review the relationship and consult lawmakers, including Democrats
[17:04.240 --> 17:07.800]  who today called for a one-year block on weapons sales.
[17:07.800 --> 17:14.480]  Saudi Arabia has broken trust with America, and it needs to come to its senses.
[17:14.480 --> 17:18.200]  The U.S.-Saudi relationship has survived previous challenges.
[17:18.200 --> 17:21.320]  The administration says there's no timetable for its review.
[17:21.320 --> 17:25.080]  For the PBS NewsHour, I'm Nick Schifrin.
[17:25.080 --> 17:28.880]  Representative Ro Khanna of California is a member of the House Armed Services Committee
[17:28.880 --> 17:33.880]  and is spearheading the House version of that bill to end U.S. arms sales to Saudi Arabia
[17:33.880 --> 17:35.160]  for one year.
[17:35.160 --> 17:36.160]  He joins me now.
[17:36.160 --> 17:37.720]  Congressman, welcome back to the NewsHour.
[17:37.720 --> 17:38.960]  Thank you for joining us.
[17:38.960 --> 17:43.160]  You have said the U.S. needs to immediately halt those arms sales.
[17:43.160 --> 17:47.880]  We should note this has been proposed before in many times by many other people.
[17:47.880 --> 17:49.880]  It has never moved forward.
[17:49.880 --> 17:53.440]  Why do you think that this moment is different?
[17:53.440 --> 17:58.120]  This is a defining moment, just like the War Powers resolution that stopped the refueling
[17:58.120 --> 18:04.240]  of the Saudi planes that Senator Sanders and I let pass after Khashoggi's murder.
[18:04.240 --> 18:08.800]  This is another moment that has really outraged people on both sides of the aisle on Capitol
[18:08.800 --> 18:09.800]  Hill.
[18:09.800 --> 18:11.080]  It's Saudi Arabia's ingratitude.
[18:11.080 --> 18:14.480]  We provide them with 70-some percent of their arms.
[18:14.480 --> 18:21.200]  We stood up for them when Saddam Hussein was going to invade after Saddam had invaded Kuwait.
[18:21.200 --> 18:25.640]  And Saudi planes literally couldn't fly if it weren't for American technicians, yet they
[18:25.640 --> 18:31.080]  are fleecing the American public, making about $100 billion in 2022.
[18:31.080 --> 18:32.640]  There need to be consequences.
[18:32.640 --> 18:36.600]  We provide them with all those things you just listed, but also they provide us with
[18:36.600 --> 18:42.320]  crucial intelligence, counterterrorism intelligence, specifically the U.S. relies on for national
[18:42.320 --> 18:43.520]  security purposes.
[18:43.520 --> 18:48.600]  Could imposing consequences in whatever form compromise U.S. national security?
[18:48.600 --> 18:50.980]  No, it will not.
[18:50.980 --> 18:52.760]  They are far more reliant on us.
[18:52.760 --> 18:58.600]  In fact, the defense agreements that we have, the joint defense initiatives, are more extensive
[18:58.600 --> 19:02.280]  than almost any other major ally, and that's all to Saudi's benefit.
[19:02.280 --> 19:03.280]  The production is there.
[19:03.280 --> 19:04.860]  The jobs are there.
[19:04.860 --> 19:10.960]  So they are far more dependent on us, and they already are making these drastic cuts,
[19:10.960 --> 19:16.400]  and they're making drastic cuts at a time when they're making 70 percent profit margins
[19:16.400 --> 19:18.400]  on each barrel of oil.
[19:18.400 --> 19:19.400]  Why are they doing it?
[19:19.400 --> 19:22.640]  They're doing it to help Putin, because Putin doesn't have those profit margins.
[19:22.640 --> 19:27.640]  He's selling his oil at a discount of $35 a barrel to China and other countries.
[19:27.640 --> 19:33.600]  So to appease Putin, they're hurting the American consumer at the pump, and that just won't
[19:33.600 --> 19:34.600]  stand.
[19:34.600 --> 19:36.800]  That's a leverage over them than they do over us.
[19:36.800 --> 19:40.480]  We are assuming also that leverage would force them to move away from Russia.
[19:40.480 --> 19:42.040]  But it is a gamble.
[19:42.040 --> 19:43.040]  What if it backfires?
[19:43.040 --> 19:44.840]  What if they further cut oil production?
[19:44.840 --> 19:48.640]  What if they just end up moving further towards Russia and China?
[19:48.640 --> 19:53.480]  Well, they cannot move further towards Russia and China in the near term.
[19:53.480 --> 19:58.320]  It would take almost 10 years for them to be able to get the weapons that we provide
[19:58.320 --> 20:01.520]  just because of interoperability of these weapons.
[20:01.520 --> 20:05.380]  Literally, the Air Force would be grounded to a halt tomorrow if they didn't have American
[20:05.380 --> 20:06.380]  technicians.
[20:06.380 --> 20:10.640]  Now, maybe it would take years for them to build with Russia and China, but they simply
[20:10.640 --> 20:12.380]  could not do that.
[20:12.380 --> 20:15.120]  In terms of cuts, they've cut already so far.
[20:15.120 --> 20:17.600]  I don't think further cuts would be possible.
[20:17.600 --> 20:20.520]  They were talking about a million barrels of cut.
[20:20.520 --> 20:22.240]  They've cut two million barrels.
[20:22.240 --> 20:29.160]  And other countries in OPEC, the UAE, Kuwait, would make up for it if they went for further
[20:29.160 --> 20:30.160]  cuts.
[20:30.160 --> 20:33.240]  They already have taken the most drastic action.
[20:33.240 --> 20:35.560]  What about Iran in all this, Representative Khanna?
[20:35.560 --> 20:37.400]  I mean, none of this unfolds in a vacuum.
[20:37.400 --> 20:41.840]  The U.S. foreign policy in the region is structured largely around Saudi Arabia.
[20:41.840 --> 20:46.800]  Just this summer, the U.S. approved two new massive arms deals for Saudi Arabia and the
[20:46.800 --> 20:51.520]  United Arab Emirates, specifically to help them defend against Iran.
[20:51.520 --> 20:54.720]  Does cutting Saudi arms sales empower Iran?
[20:54.720 --> 20:56.480]  No, it doesn't.
[20:56.480 --> 20:58.120]  And I was opposed to those arms sales.
[20:58.120 --> 21:02.640]  Let's not forget that the Saudis are responsible for one of the biggest humanitarian crisis
[21:02.640 --> 21:04.280]  in the world in Yemen.
[21:04.280 --> 21:06.640]  It is appalling what they've done to the children there.
[21:06.640 --> 21:09.200]  It's appalling the starvation they've caused.
[21:09.200 --> 21:11.200]  It's appalling that they're continuing to blockade.
[21:11.200 --> 21:15.680]  Now, the Houthis are also to blame, and the Iranians are to blame in Yemen as well.
[21:15.680 --> 21:21.920]  But the Saudis have been the principal perpetrators of that war.
[21:21.920 --> 21:27.560]  And so I don't think that the balance, cutting off these arms sales are suddenly going to
[21:27.560 --> 21:30.120]  make them vulnerable to Iran.
[21:30.120 --> 21:36.280]  And I've spoken out very strongly for the students, for the women protesting in Iran.
[21:36.280 --> 21:40.280]  I believe there are other ways that we can contain Iran.
[21:40.280 --> 21:44.840]  But we should not use a Kissingerian balance of power, where we end up supporting brutal
[21:44.840 --> 21:50.120]  dictators at the expense of our own public because of some balance of power politics
[21:50.120 --> 21:51.360]  in the Middle East.
[21:51.360 --> 21:55.240]  What do you believe that President Biden could have done differently in this moment?
[21:55.240 --> 21:59.880]  I mean, he went from calling Saudi Arabia a pariah to visiting Crown Prince Mohammed
[21:59.880 --> 22:03.360]  bin Salman in July at the fist bump scene around the world.
[22:03.360 --> 22:07.360]  Do you think there's anything that the president of this administration could have done differently
[22:07.360 --> 22:08.360]  to avoid this moment?
[22:08.360 --> 22:09.360]  Yes.
[22:09.360 --> 22:11.800]  I don't think he should have gone to Saudi Arabia.
[22:11.800 --> 22:17.960]  Senator Sanders and I took to the papers to say that his trip was misguided.
[22:17.960 --> 22:23.760]  I believe he should have been clearer with the Saudis, that there would be very drastic
[22:23.760 --> 22:29.280]  consequences, both if they didn't lift the blockade, which they still haven't in Yemen.
[22:29.280 --> 22:34.680]  Now they're talking about actually not following through on the truce in Yemen, but certainly
[22:34.680 --> 22:40.000]  externally drastic consequences if they cut oil production.
[22:40.000 --> 22:43.240]  So I believe that he could have been clearer on all of those things.
[22:43.240 --> 22:46.560]  Now, I'm glad that he's contemplating action now.
[22:46.560 --> 22:52.680]  And my belief is, if we are tough enough, they will reverse the decision.
[22:52.680 --> 22:54.320]  News that he's contemplating action.
[22:54.320 --> 22:56.360]  We've heard the word, but no specifics.
[22:56.360 --> 23:01.480]  In your talks with the administration, how serious are they in imposing serious and immediate
[23:01.480 --> 23:03.520]  consequences?
[23:03.520 --> 23:10.800]  They have told me that the president is going to take action, that the president is re-examining
[23:10.800 --> 23:16.240]  the Saudi relationship, and that the action is imminent.
[23:16.240 --> 23:18.960]  And so I believe the president has to act.
[23:18.960 --> 23:25.920]  How can you allow a country that is a quote-unquote ally to continue to profit off the American
[23:25.920 --> 23:30.200]  public and make drastic cuts when we're going through one of the bigger energy crisis we
[23:30.200 --> 23:32.400]  have in recent decades?
[23:32.400 --> 23:35.800]  Allies don't treat each other that way.
[23:35.800 --> 23:41.280]  More broadly, U.S. officials did reportedly warn Saudi leaders that a cut in production
[23:41.280 --> 23:46.320]  would be seen as a clear choice they're siding with Russia, and the Saudis did it anyway.
[23:46.320 --> 23:50.440]  What does that say to you about how they view the U.S. right now?
[23:50.440 --> 23:55.680]  Well, they don't think that there are going to be consequences, but I believe they should
[23:55.680 --> 24:02.480]  take a temperature one of many of the younger members of Congress who aren't steeped in
[24:02.480 --> 24:07.040]  the same traditional relationship with Saudi, who basically know Saudi Arabia through the
[24:07.040 --> 24:12.320]  prism of the Yemen war and the humanitarian crisis that they have caused.
[24:12.320 --> 24:17.660]  They should remember that the war powers resolution stopping our aid past the House and the Senate,
[24:17.660 --> 24:21.160]  the only time a war powers resolution has ever passed.
[24:21.160 --> 24:25.120]  And they should know that now there are going to be consequences.
[24:25.120 --> 24:29.120]  You have not just Senator Blumenthal and I calling for it, but Senator Menendez, a very
[24:29.120 --> 24:33.560]  respected foreign policy voice who chairs the Senate Foreign Relations Committee calling
[24:33.560 --> 24:34.560]  for it.
[24:34.560 --> 24:38.080]  So they are really hurting their relationship on the Hill.
[24:38.080 --> 24:42.680]  Briefly, if you can, Representative, the Saudis have said this was economic, their decision
[24:42.680 --> 24:43.940]  to cut oil production.
[24:43.940 --> 24:48.560]  Do you believe it had anything to do with the timing of the upcoming midterm elections?
[24:48.560 --> 24:52.720]  I don't know, but I know it's not economic when they're making over 70 percent profits
[24:52.720 --> 24:54.360]  on your barrels of oil.
[24:54.360 --> 24:59.280]  Look, I've been critical of Exxon and Chevron, but it pales into the comparison into what
[24:59.280 --> 25:01.400]  the Saudis are making on oil.
[25:01.400 --> 25:06.920]  So what I do know is that they have chosen deliberately to hurt Americans at the pump.
[25:06.920 --> 25:12.520]  Look, I don't think the timing is coincidental, but I have no evidence of why they've taken
[25:12.520 --> 25:13.520]  that decision.
[25:13.520 --> 25:16.600]  All I know is that they're hurting the American public.
[25:16.600 --> 25:21.120]  That is Representative Ro Khanna, Democrat from California, and member of the House Armed
[25:21.120 --> 25:22.320]  Services Committee.
[25:22.320 --> 25:24.400]  Thank you so much for your time.
[25:24.400 --> 25:36.840]  Thank you.
[25:36.840 --> 25:41.200]  President Biden's executive order to cancel student debt is facing its most serious legal
[25:41.200 --> 25:42.440]  challenge to date.
[25:42.440 --> 25:46.920]  A federal judge in Missouri heard arguments today from six states hoping to block the
[25:46.920 --> 25:48.600]  plan from taking effect.
[25:48.600 --> 25:56.720]  To qualify for the student loan program, individuals must make less than $125,000 a year or $250,000
[25:56.720 --> 25:58.840]  for married couples and families.
[25:58.840 --> 26:04.680]  Eligible borrowers can receive up to $10,000 in forgiveness or up to $20,000 if they are
[26:04.680 --> 26:06.640]  Pell Grant recipients.
[26:06.640 --> 26:10.520]  House correspondent Laura Barone Lopez has been following it all, and she joins me now
[26:10.520 --> 26:13.320]  as part of our series, Rethinking College.
[26:13.320 --> 26:14.320]  Laura, good to see you.
[26:14.320 --> 26:15.320]  Good to see you.
[26:15.320 --> 26:17.920]  So let's talk about this case that was heard today in Missouri.
[26:17.920 --> 26:20.040]  What exactly are the states arguing?
[26:20.040 --> 26:25.000]  So there are six Republican states, including Nebraska, Missouri, Arkansas, and they're
[26:25.000 --> 26:30.320]  arguing that the administration's debt relief program is illegal on three fronts.
[26:30.320 --> 26:36.600]  Those three fronts are that the administration lacks authority, that they did not follow
[26:36.600 --> 26:40.420]  administrative procedure, and that it harms state revenue.
[26:40.420 --> 26:47.080]  So today we spoke to Arkansas Attorney General Leslie Rutledge, and she really focused on
[26:47.080 --> 26:53.320]  whether or not the president has authority to do this and took direct aim at him.
[26:53.320 --> 26:57.420]  The president did not have the authority to make this decision.
[26:57.420 --> 27:03.320]  He made this decision and based it on the HEROES Act, which essentially was put in place
[27:03.320 --> 27:08.680]  during the Iraq War in order to give relief to our brave men and women in uniform.
[27:08.680 --> 27:12.920]  And it was also, as part of it, it could be used during a national emergency.
[27:12.920 --> 27:18.640]  Unfortunately, President Biden forgot that he declared the pandemic over a few short
[27:18.640 --> 27:20.440]  weeks ago.
[27:20.440 --> 27:24.640]  As you heard Attorney General Rutledge there saying that she thinks the president doesn't
[27:24.640 --> 27:29.000]  have this authority, but what was interesting in the arguments today was that the Missouri
[27:29.000 --> 27:35.720]  judge Henry Autry essentially really scrutinized that, saying why is the president being sued
[27:35.720 --> 27:41.080]  as a part of this lawsuit and questioning whether or not the Republican states had standing
[27:41.080 --> 27:46.160]  against the president versus standing against the Education Department and the Education
[27:46.160 --> 27:47.160]  Secretary.
[27:47.160 --> 27:51.160]  So a main part of their argument is the administration doesn't even have the authority to do this.
[27:51.160 --> 27:53.440]  What has the Biden administration been saying about this?
[27:53.440 --> 27:59.360]  The Biden administration is essentially saying that they were granted this authority under
[27:59.360 --> 28:03.960]  a 2003 higher education law, also known as the HEROES Act.
[28:03.960 --> 28:10.440]  And so today, Deputy Assistant Attorney General Brian Netter argued that the pandemic gives
[28:10.440 --> 28:13.320]  them this authority.
[28:13.320 --> 28:15.560]  It's crucial here that this is a statute about emergencies.
[28:15.560 --> 28:18.520]  It's a statute about national emergencies.
[28:18.520 --> 28:22.680]  And it seems hard to fathom that Congress wouldn't have understood at the time that
[28:22.680 --> 28:27.880]  a larger national emergency is going to prompt and necessitate a larger action by the Secretary
[28:27.880 --> 28:29.920]  of Education.
[28:29.920 --> 28:35.320]  And so essentially, Netter there is saying that as the economic hardships were growing
[28:35.320 --> 28:41.460]  due to the COVID pandemic, so does the power of the Education Secretary Miguel Cardona.
[28:41.460 --> 28:42.600]  Those powers grow as well.
[28:42.600 --> 28:43.760]  They grow with it.
[28:43.760 --> 28:52.480]  And he specifically argued against this front that the states were bringing forward, saying
[28:52.480 --> 28:57.680]  that this national emergency statute only applies to specific military activity.
[28:57.680 --> 29:00.760]  It applies to military members, service members.
[29:00.760 --> 29:05.160]  And Netter said, no, historically, that's not the case under this law, that, look, when
[29:05.160 --> 29:10.280]  you think about a hurricane, government doesn't provide relief just when the hurricane is
[29:10.280 --> 29:11.280]  spinning.
[29:11.280 --> 29:17.120]  He said that after a national emergency happens or a national disaster like that, that the
[29:17.120 --> 29:21.160]  government has to help people come out of that, come out of the economic hardships or
[29:21.160 --> 29:24.280]  the infrastructure hardships that are brought upon by national emergencies.
[29:24.280 --> 29:27.000]  Laura, what about the whole racial equity part of this?
[29:27.000 --> 29:30.960]  We heard the Biden administration message that as an underpinning to why they were rolling
[29:30.960 --> 29:32.920]  out this loan forgiveness plan.
[29:32.920 --> 29:35.220]  They said it would especially help black borrowers.
[29:35.220 --> 29:37.440]  How does that factor into their argument?
[29:37.440 --> 29:44.040]  So the states today were saying this is only going to provide relief to wealthy individuals,
[29:44.040 --> 29:45.560]  to higher income individuals.
[29:45.560 --> 29:50.520]  And what the administration essentially is saying back is that, well, you have to look
[29:50.520 --> 29:54.680]  at actually who the borrowers are for these loan programs.
[29:54.680 --> 30:00.120]  And for the loan forgiveness program, it would significantly impact black borrowers, specifically
[30:00.120 --> 30:05.920]  the average debt for black borrowers is 10,000 more than for white borrowers.
[30:05.920 --> 30:09.840]  Also Pell Grant recipients are twice as likely to be black.
[30:09.840 --> 30:15.640]  Now another big piece of this is the federal family education loan borrowers, which was
[30:15.640 --> 30:19.600]  at first a part of the announcement when the administration said they were going to provide
[30:19.600 --> 30:22.240]  this big cancellation of debt.
[30:22.240 --> 30:28.200]  Then they ended up taking that out of the guidance saying that these borrowers would
[30:28.200 --> 30:29.960]  not be given this relief.
[30:29.960 --> 30:37.080]  And that was a big piece of this lawsuit because essentially the states are arguing that they
[30:37.080 --> 30:46.720]  get state revenues from the companies that take on those loans from those borrowers.
[30:46.720 --> 30:52.080]  But the government is saying that ultimately the relief provided to these borrowers is
[30:52.080 --> 30:55.920]  far outweighs the state revenue that would ultimately be lost.
[30:55.920 --> 31:01.880]  Now again, on the FFEL borrowers, the federal family loan borrowers, the administration
[31:01.880 --> 31:06.600]  has tried to make clear that while they may not receive relief now, that ultimately the
[31:06.600 --> 31:09.920]  education department is trying to find an alternative pathway for them.
[31:09.920 --> 31:12.760]  Before anyone can get any relief, they have to fill out an application.
[31:12.760 --> 31:16.720]  We've been anticipating the release of that application form from the White House.
[31:16.720 --> 31:17.840]  What do we know about that?
[31:17.840 --> 31:23.280]  So they just issued a preview of this application form this week, the White House did.
[31:23.280 --> 31:27.240]  And essentially what borrowers have to do, they have to give social security numbers,
[31:27.240 --> 31:32.120]  their date of birth, their email, but they also have to click this box that certifies
[31:32.120 --> 31:35.600]  under penalty of perjury that they meet the income thresholds.
[31:35.600 --> 31:41.520]  Now some of those borrowers will be provided just based on that certification, will be
[31:41.520 --> 31:46.800]  provided relief, others are going to have to show more proof that they meet those income
[31:46.800 --> 31:49.040]  thresholds that you outlined earlier.
[31:49.040 --> 31:53.880]  Now I spoke to White House Assistant Press Secretary Abdullah Hassan today and he said
[31:53.880 --> 31:58.600]  that essentially as the lawsuits are proceeding, because there's more than just the one we
[31:58.600 --> 32:02.880]  talked about today, that the White House is going to still move forward with implementing
[32:02.880 --> 32:03.960]  this plan.
[32:03.960 --> 32:09.740]  Now no relief is going to be felt prior to October 23rd, but the application process
[32:09.740 --> 32:11.600]  is going to be rolled out this month.
[32:11.600 --> 32:15.280]  So folks can check that out and start to apply if they are eligible.
[32:15.280 --> 32:18.240]  White House correspondent Laura Barone Lopez following it all.
[32:18.240 --> 32:19.240]  Thank you so much.
[32:19.240 --> 32:30.240]  Thank you.
[32:30.240 --> 32:34.520]  Election night is less than a month away and we're digging into some key races that could
[32:34.520 --> 32:37.400]  determine the balance of power in Congress.
[32:37.400 --> 32:40.200]  Lisa Desjardins has more.
[32:40.200 --> 32:43.320]  Let's talk about control of the House of Representatives.
[32:43.320 --> 32:48.780]  To take over the House, Republicans need to gain just five total seats next month net.
[32:48.780 --> 32:53.800]  Their party may have a slight advantage from redistricting, but there are dozens of competitive
[32:53.800 --> 32:57.920]  races including more than 30 currently rated as toss-ups.
[32:57.920 --> 33:02.200]  To take a good look at the map, I'm joined by three public media reporters, Karen Kasler
[33:02.200 --> 33:07.800]  of Ohio Public Radio and Television, Scott Schafer with KQED in California, and Zoe Clark
[33:07.800 --> 33:09.720]  with Michigan Radio.
[33:09.720 --> 33:12.880]  So happy to have all of you together to talk about this.
[33:12.880 --> 33:18.120]  Each of your states has lost a congressional district because of redistricting, but you
[33:18.120 --> 33:23.520]  also each have a clutch of competitive races that could determine control of the House.
[33:23.520 --> 33:28.040]  I wonder if you can just set the mood for us, what's on voters' minds, everything from
[33:28.040 --> 33:32.480]  the weather to redistricting to issues that you think might be affecting their vote.
[33:32.480 --> 33:34.480]  Let's start out west with you, Scott Schafer.
[33:34.480 --> 33:35.480]  Yeah.
[33:35.480 --> 33:38.840]  Well, California has an unusual system for creating redistricting.
[33:38.840 --> 33:39.960]  It's a citizens' commission.
[33:39.960 --> 33:44.440]  It's not gerrymandering where the districts are designed to protect the incumbents.
[33:44.440 --> 33:49.640]  We have four to six competitive House races here in California, including probably two
[33:49.640 --> 33:55.200]  of the 10 most vulnerable Republicans, David Valadeo in the Central Valley and Mike Garcia
[33:55.200 --> 34:02.960]  in Los Angeles, both of them running in plus D districts where Democrats outnumber Republicans.
[34:02.960 --> 34:08.640]  In terms of the seat that we lost, Karen Bass decided not to run for reelection.
[34:08.640 --> 34:09.760]  She's the L.A. Congresswoman.
[34:09.760 --> 34:14.880]  She's now running for mayor of Los Angeles, which of course is dominating the headlines,
[34:14.880 --> 34:16.520]  not in very good ways.
[34:16.520 --> 34:21.600]  But in terms of issues, in terms of these congressional races, it's a competing narrative.
[34:21.600 --> 34:26.640]  Republicans want to talk about gas prices and the economy, and the Democrats want to
[34:26.640 --> 34:30.760]  talk about abortion rights and about threats to democracy.
[34:30.760 --> 34:34.800]  And so you've got these competing narratives that are playing out on the campaign trail
[34:34.800 --> 34:36.400]  and on television.
[34:36.400 --> 34:42.000]  And in addition, I would say that Republicans also want to talk about crime and immigration,
[34:42.000 --> 34:43.600]  much more so than abortion rights.
[34:43.600 --> 34:45.280]  Zoe Clark, what's going on in Michigan?
[34:45.280 --> 34:46.760]  I know it's college football season.
[34:46.760 --> 34:49.200]  Are those politics breaking through there in general?
[34:49.200 --> 34:51.400]  It actually is, if you can imagine.
[34:51.400 --> 34:55.480]  It's not just Spartans and Wolverines here in Michigan, although the weather always is
[34:55.480 --> 34:56.960]  something we talk about.
[34:56.960 --> 35:01.280]  No, much like what Scott said, indeed, it is about the economy.
[35:01.280 --> 35:02.760]  It is about inflation.
[35:02.760 --> 35:04.840]  It is about gas prices.
[35:04.840 --> 35:09.560]  But since the Dobbs decision here in Michigan, abortion really has become something that
[35:09.560 --> 35:11.960]  has changed the dynamic.
[35:11.960 --> 35:17.520]  We have an amendment that's going to be on the ballot in November that would enshrine
[35:17.520 --> 35:20.880]  reproductive rights, abortion rights into the state constitution.
[35:20.880 --> 35:27.320]  And so on top of these really must watch congressional seats, some of the most competitive in the
[35:27.320 --> 35:32.760]  country, abortion is sort of overshadowing the conversation when it comes to all of these
[35:32.760 --> 35:33.760]  races.
[35:33.760 --> 35:37.520]  Karen Castle, is that what you're finding next door in Ohio, is abortion overshadowing
[35:37.520 --> 35:38.520]  other issues?
[35:38.520 --> 35:42.200]  Well, I can't let Zoe talk about those teams without mentioning the Ohio State Buckeyes
[35:42.200 --> 35:45.200]  and football here is, of course, dominating conversation.
[35:45.200 --> 35:50.000]  But yes, there's a lot of conversation also about the few competitive districts here are
[35:50.000 --> 35:54.640]  most competitive seat and race really is the Ohio US Senate race.
[35:54.640 --> 35:58.720]  But there in Ohio, we're starting early voting today.
[35:58.720 --> 36:04.280]  And it's interesting to note that Ohio went from 16 to 15 districts and majority Republicans
[36:04.280 --> 36:09.040]  drew maps that were ruled unconstitutional several times by the Ohio Supreme Court were
[36:09.040 --> 36:13.120]  actually running elections this year on maps that were ruled unconstitutional, but put
[36:13.120 --> 36:15.120]  into place by a federal court.
[36:15.120 --> 36:20.040]  And so while we're electing representatives through these maps this time around, those
[36:20.040 --> 36:25.240]  could change based on the results of what happens in the election next month.
[36:25.240 --> 36:31.080]  So there are only about there are 10 safe districts and five democratic seats, but only
[36:31.080 --> 36:32.960]  a couple are really considered very competitive.
[36:32.960 --> 36:36.680]  Yeah, Karen, I want to come back to you, I'm gonna talk to all of you about favorite races.
[36:36.680 --> 36:39.200]  But Karen, let's start there in Ohio.
[36:39.200 --> 36:44.120]  And your favorite races, one that I'm watching there, obviously, is one of the longest serving
[36:44.120 --> 36:47.680]  women in Congress, Marcy Kaptor.
[36:47.680 --> 36:52.000]  That's a race where it's not just issues, but also the effect perhaps of President Trump
[36:52.000 --> 36:53.000]  and the 2020 election.
[36:53.000 --> 36:56.920]  Can you talk about that race and what you're watching there in that Toledo area?
[36:56.920 --> 36:58.840]  That race is really tightened up a lot.
[36:58.840 --> 37:05.640]  Marcy Kaptor running against a political newcomer, Jay Armajewski, who really broke out when
[37:05.640 --> 37:10.280]  he got the attention of Donald Trump by painting a picture of Trump on his lawn.
[37:10.280 --> 37:12.320]  And Trump shouted out to him at a rally.
[37:12.320 --> 37:16.560]  He ended up winning, beating some other established politicians.
[37:16.560 --> 37:19.520]  And now he and Marcy Kaptor are facing off.
[37:19.520 --> 37:27.000]  Marjuski has made headlines recently because he has claimed that he saw combat in Afghanistan.
[37:27.000 --> 37:29.480]  But an investigation has shown that that's not the case.
[37:29.480 --> 37:32.840]  He also has said he was at the Capitol on January 6th.
[37:32.840 --> 37:37.680]  He has not been charged with anything, but that all of this has made this race a little
[37:37.680 --> 37:38.680]  bit more competitive.
[37:38.680 --> 37:42.120]  And House Republicans have actually pulled their ads in this race.
[37:42.120 --> 37:43.840]  So that really has tightened things up.
[37:43.840 --> 37:48.040]  Also, there's an open seat that features two women, Amelia Sykes, the former Democratic
[37:48.040 --> 37:53.140]  leader of the Ohio House, and Madison Jessiodo Gilbert, a Trump endorsed Republican.
[37:53.140 --> 37:57.920]  This will make history in that one of those win and only 12 Ohio women have ever been
[37:57.920 --> 37:59.480]  elected to Congress from the state.
[37:59.480 --> 38:01.840]  So that's going to make history there with that race.
[38:01.840 --> 38:02.840]  That's fascinating.
[38:02.840 --> 38:06.720]  I like that Ohio 13 race too, because that's a very rust belt seat that might tell us something
[38:06.720 --> 38:09.840]  about the Senate race as it evolves over the night.
[38:09.840 --> 38:13.920]  Speaking of, let's go back to you in Michigan then, Zoe.
[38:13.920 --> 38:17.920]  You have one of the most expensive House races in the country, among others that I know you're
[38:17.920 --> 38:23.120]  watching where Alyssa Slotkin, the incumbent Democrat, is really kind of a must win seat
[38:23.120 --> 38:26.000]  for Democrats if they have any hope of holding the House.
[38:26.000 --> 38:27.000]  Absolutely.
[38:27.000 --> 38:28.640]  And this district is fascinating.
[38:28.640 --> 38:31.480]  So it went for Donald Trump in 2016.
[38:31.480 --> 38:33.960]  It went for Trump in 2020.
[38:33.960 --> 38:38.080]  But Alyssa Slotkin has won it two times.
[38:38.080 --> 38:40.680]  So she's looking for a third win here now.
[38:40.680 --> 38:45.300]  It's going to be in the now seventh congressional district because of redistricting.
[38:45.300 --> 38:48.320]  And she's always outperformed as a Democrat.
[38:48.320 --> 38:53.320]  But she has a conservative Republican challenger, state Senator Tom Barrett.
[38:53.320 --> 38:57.920]  Again, like we've been talking about this narrative, he's trying to talk about the economy.
[38:57.920 --> 38:59.400]  He's trying to talk about inflation.
[38:59.400 --> 39:01.520]  He's trying to talk about Joe Biden.
[39:01.520 --> 39:05.320]  And I was just talking to Alyssa Slotkin, the Congresswoman, today.
[39:05.320 --> 39:10.320]  And she's talking fundamentally about rights and what she wants to see happen, change in
[39:10.320 --> 39:15.620]  D.C., including, interestingly enough, I thought, immigration, she said, in the state of Michigan,
[39:15.620 --> 39:17.960]  as well as the cost of child care.
[39:17.960 --> 39:21.080]  Meanwhile, we also have the third congressional district.
[39:21.080 --> 39:23.160]  Now, this one is just fascinating.
[39:23.160 --> 39:30.960]  This is where Peter Meyer, a freshman Republican, within the first few days of being sworn in,
[39:30.960 --> 39:34.240]  voted to impeach Donald Trump for the second time.
[39:34.240 --> 39:40.960]  And Peter Meyer lost his primary in August to a former Trump official, John Gibbs.
[39:40.960 --> 39:43.800]  And so this really is an open seat now.
[39:43.800 --> 39:45.960]  We have a Democrat running.
[39:45.960 --> 39:51.160]  It looks like it could lean Democrat more because of, again, this redistricting.
[39:51.160 --> 39:54.480]  But it probably would have been closer had Peter Meyer won this seat.
[39:54.480 --> 39:57.960]  But again, conservative Republicans kicked him out, booted him out, and went with this
[39:57.960 --> 39:59.640]  Trump-endorsed Republican instead.
[39:59.640 --> 40:02.160]  And it looks like this could be a Democratic win.
[40:02.160 --> 40:06.640]  Scott, you hear Zoe talking about a place that Democrats hope to flip in this year.
[40:06.640 --> 40:09.800]  I know you've got one of those, too, and you just mentioned it earlier.
[40:09.800 --> 40:12.840]  Tell us about Congressman David Valadeo and what you're seeing in California.
[40:12.840 --> 40:13.840]  Yeah.
[40:13.840 --> 40:18.520]  So he lost this seat in 2018 and then got it back in 2020.
[40:18.520 --> 40:21.280]  So he actually voted to impeach Donald Trump.
[40:21.280 --> 40:22.840]  But he's getting protection from that.
[40:22.840 --> 40:26.760]  Trump hasn't gone after him because his district is right next to Kevin McCarthy, in fact,
[40:26.760 --> 40:29.720]  it includes part of Bakersfield, his hometown.
[40:29.720 --> 40:34.480]  So he's running against Rudy Salas in a district that is 59 percent Latino.
[40:34.480 --> 40:39.640]  Rudy Salas would be the first Latino member of Congress from the Central Valley ever.
[40:39.640 --> 40:44.080]  He's also co-sponsored our Proposition 1, which would enshrine abortion rights here
[40:44.080 --> 40:45.280]  in California.
[40:45.280 --> 40:51.960]  One other quickly, Lisa Race, I'm looking at the 41st congressional district in Riverside.
[40:51.960 --> 40:56.240]  Ken Calvert, 30-year Republican incumbent, has easily gotten reelected.
[40:56.240 --> 41:00.800]  But redistricting has taken out some of the most conservative parts of his district and
[41:00.800 --> 41:05.060]  added Palm Springs and other districts with a lot of LGBT voters.
[41:05.060 --> 41:09.520]  He has a history of anti-gay positions and campaigning, and he's running against an openly
[41:09.520 --> 41:14.240]  gay federal prosecutor who prosecuted some of the January 6th cases.
[41:14.240 --> 41:17.080]  And of course, Calvert did not vote to certify the election.
[41:17.080 --> 41:19.440]  So lots of interesting cross-currents there.
[41:19.440 --> 41:23.520]  I've been hearing from you all about the 2020 election, some about former President Trump.
[41:23.520 --> 41:27.080]  I just want to show of hands on this last question, which might be a little unusual,
[41:27.080 --> 41:33.120]  but have you spoken to any Democrats in tough races in your states who would like President
[41:33.120 --> 41:35.520]  Biden to come and campaign for them?
[41:35.520 --> 41:39.720]  I want to see a hand if anyone has talked to a Democrat like that.
[41:39.720 --> 41:40.720]  So there we go.
[41:40.720 --> 41:44.600]  Both the former president and the current president seem to be on the ballot this year
[41:44.600 --> 41:46.280]  in the 2022 midterms.
[41:46.280 --> 41:51.360]  We are so grateful to all of you for joining us, Karen Kastler, Scott Shafer, Zoe Clark.
[41:51.360 --> 41:52.960]  Thank you all.
[41:52.960 --> 41:53.960]  Thank you.
[41:53.960 --> 41:54.960]  Thanks.
[41:54.960 --> 41:57.000]  Great to be here.
[41:57.000 --> 41:59.320]  And thank you to our Lisa Desjardins.
[41:59.320 --> 42:04.680]  In another battleground state, Wisconsin, the Senate and governor's races are in the spotlight.
[42:04.680 --> 42:08.840]  And while younger Americans traditionally show up to the polls at lower rates than older
[42:08.840 --> 42:14.440]  generations, one recent study suggests young voters could play a decisive role in the state's
[42:14.440 --> 42:16.120]  elections this November.
[42:16.120 --> 42:20.800]  Judy Woodruff recently sat down with a group of high school and college students in Wisconsin
[42:20.800 --> 42:24.040]  who will be voting for the first time.
[42:24.040 --> 42:27.880]  Thank you so much for joining us for this conversation.
[42:27.880 --> 42:29.680]  We really appreciate it.
[42:29.680 --> 42:34.360]  You all, the reason we have you here is to talk about the fact that this is the first
[42:34.360 --> 42:36.560]  year you're going to be voting.
[42:36.560 --> 42:38.880]  And we want to talk about what that means to you.
[42:38.880 --> 42:41.520]  So Ryan, I'm going to start with you.
[42:41.520 --> 42:44.840]  How big a deal is it to you that you're going to be voting for the first time?
[42:44.840 --> 42:46.480]  I mean, it's a pretty big deal for me.
[42:46.480 --> 42:51.760]  I mean, I sort of see it as sort of like when you're 16, you get your driver's license.
[42:51.760 --> 42:53.720]  When you're 18, you get to vote.
[42:53.720 --> 42:59.680]  I actually registered to vote in my AP government class on my birthday, which was a fun experience.
[42:59.680 --> 43:01.920]  It's very easy to register online now.
[43:01.920 --> 43:05.600]  I've been very politically engaged through high school and I'm excited to get my foot
[43:05.600 --> 43:08.720]  in the door and actually have a voice in my government.
[43:08.720 --> 43:13.840]  And Ben, you're turning 18 just in time to vote in early November.
[43:13.840 --> 43:15.160]  How big a deal for you?
[43:15.160 --> 43:17.120]  I am very excited to vote.
[43:17.120 --> 43:19.440]  Everyone in my family has always voted.
[43:19.440 --> 43:25.280]  And although not a ton of people my age do vote, as it's one of the lower turnout groups,
[43:25.280 --> 43:32.480]  I'm very excited to vote because I think having that voice in our elections is really important.
[43:32.480 --> 43:36.880]  What is it that you care about a lot this year that is driving you especially to want
[43:36.880 --> 43:38.880]  to vote in 2022?
[43:38.880 --> 43:42.440]  I do see the candidates, but I see pro-choice and pro-life.
[43:42.440 --> 43:45.520]  Personally, I am extremely pro-choice.
[43:45.520 --> 43:49.000]  I've always grown up with the belief that women should be able to have bodily autonomy
[43:49.000 --> 43:50.080]  in our government.
[43:50.080 --> 43:52.720]  I agree with the pro-choice movement.
[43:52.720 --> 43:56.640]  I think women have been stripped of their bodily autonomy specifically in this state.
[43:56.640 --> 44:00.960]  And I think that it disproportionately affects women of color and women from more low-income
[44:00.960 --> 44:01.960]  communities.
[44:01.960 --> 44:06.320]  And the disproportionate effect that that has on their access to healthcare, their access
[44:06.320 --> 44:12.200]  to reproductive justice, their right to be a mother or to choose not to be is frustrating
[44:12.200 --> 44:17.640]  to witness as somebody who can be subjected to these laws, so that for me is very top
[44:17.640 --> 44:18.640]  of mind.
[44:18.640 --> 44:19.640]  For me, it's our economy.
[44:19.640 --> 44:21.280]  I mean, I see it on the decline.
[44:21.280 --> 44:22.280]  Everything seems more expensive.
[44:22.280 --> 44:23.280]  Our gas is more expensive.
[44:23.280 --> 44:25.760]  It's such a up and down.
[44:25.760 --> 44:27.520]  You don't know what's going to happen with it.
[44:27.520 --> 44:29.440]  And for me, it's scary.
[44:29.440 --> 44:33.040]  It's especially scary because with everything going on in the ride, I have celiac disease.
[44:33.040 --> 44:35.480]  I already spent an arm and a leg for my food.
[44:35.480 --> 44:39.360]  That's going to end up hurting people whenever they can't afford the food they need to feed
[44:39.360 --> 44:40.640]  their families.
[44:40.640 --> 44:45.520]  As the son of two teachers, education is a very big issue for me.
[44:45.520 --> 44:50.320]  I personally, I think that everyone should have access to quality education, whether
[44:50.320 --> 44:58.240]  that be good schools, good public education, or access to college and less college debt.
[44:58.240 --> 45:05.680]  I think my biggest issue is voting, really in terms of the amount of people that can't
[45:05.680 --> 45:07.400]  vote under our current system.
[45:07.400 --> 45:12.840]  We have a lot of laws in Wisconsin, especially voter ID laws, that make it very hard for
[45:12.840 --> 45:13.840]  people to vote.
[45:13.840 --> 45:17.280]  Another big thing on my mind is healthcare.
[45:17.280 --> 45:23.400]  Seeing Ron Johnson vote against the access to insulin was hugely disappointing to me
[45:23.400 --> 45:25.720]  as a diabetic.
[45:25.720 --> 45:30.400]  Seeing that it, while it does not directly affect me, there's many people in my situation
[45:30.400 --> 45:37.920]  where that bill would have hugely helped them, and people are going to die when people make
[45:37.920 --> 45:39.280]  decisions like that.
[45:39.280 --> 45:42.840]  Let's talk about the person in office right now, President Biden.
[45:42.840 --> 45:44.280]  How do you think he's doing?
[45:44.280 --> 45:50.200]  I think that with any president, there will almost always be the argument that they are
[45:50.200 --> 45:51.920]  not doing enough.
[45:51.920 --> 45:58.040]  I think that I can say that about Biden right now, the new decision to pardon thousands
[45:58.040 --> 46:03.640]  of people on low-level federal marijuana charges is a great decision.
[46:03.640 --> 46:10.760]  I think with his decision to help with student debt, though he campaigned on bigger promises,
[46:10.760 --> 46:16.640]  I think that at least he fulfilled it somewhat, and I think you can always ask for more, but
[46:16.640 --> 46:20.640]  I will say that I am relatively pleased with how he's doing so far.
[46:20.640 --> 46:25.360]  I believe that he's not delivering on campaign promises that he made, such as protecting
[46:25.360 --> 46:30.800]  our right to choose, I would like to see him do a bit more to serve the general American
[46:30.800 --> 46:31.800]  people.
[46:31.800 --> 46:32.800]  Is there one thing you'd like to see him do that he's not doing?
[46:32.800 --> 46:37.120]  I would like to see him codify Roe, or make it more of an effort to.
[46:37.120 --> 46:40.240]  I know that he can actually write a lot to do so.
[46:40.240 --> 46:42.800]  I would like to see him protect that right.
[46:42.800 --> 46:48.000]  I would like to see him ask the Senate and ask the passive representatives to protect
[46:48.000 --> 46:49.000]  that right.
[46:49.000 --> 46:53.920]  I want to see him fight tooth and nail for that right, but I haven't seen that so far.
[46:53.920 --> 46:55.400]  So, Ron, what about you?
[46:55.400 --> 46:57.720]  What is your sense of how President Biden's doing?
[46:57.720 --> 46:59.600]  I quite don't like President Biden.
[46:59.600 --> 47:03.360]  It certainly wouldn't have been my first choice, nor would Donald Trump been my first choice
[47:03.360 --> 47:05.960]  for the selection, or for the previous election.
[47:05.960 --> 47:09.960]  I think he's doing well enough for now, but I don't think he is doing enough.
[47:09.960 --> 47:12.960]  What do you think he should be doing that he's not doing?
[47:12.960 --> 47:17.640]  Well, for one, I think his Afghanistan pullout was a disaster.
[47:17.640 --> 47:19.160]  He left so many people.
[47:19.160 --> 47:21.080]  It was tetrifying.
[47:21.080 --> 47:22.680]  He's not doing enough on the border.
[47:22.680 --> 47:28.040]  He had almost hundreds of thousands of people getting in, and it's scary knowing, because
[47:28.040 --> 47:29.920]  you don't know who those people are.
[47:29.920 --> 47:35.560]  There's so much more that he could be doing that he's not, and I don't know if he's made
[47:35.560 --> 47:37.400]  effort to try or not.
[47:37.400 --> 47:40.600]  Amaya, what is your sense of how President Biden's doing?
[47:40.600 --> 47:44.560]  I think if I had voted in the 2020 presidential election, I would have voted for Biden.
[47:44.560 --> 47:48.720]  I think he is not living up to the promises he made, but I don't know of any president
[47:48.720 --> 47:49.720]  that has.
[47:49.720 --> 47:52.920]  So, I don't think that that's a fair standard to hold him at.
[47:52.920 --> 47:57.440]  I think as a first-hand recipient of what the student loan forgiveness was, my mom fought
[47:57.440 --> 48:02.120]  for the United States Army for four years, was a recipient of the GI Bill, got an associate
[48:02.120 --> 48:04.240]  in nursing, and still had loans.
[48:04.240 --> 48:09.240]  So, for her loans to be completely forgiven means an incredible amount.
[48:09.240 --> 48:14.840]  While I would like for Biden to have done more, we live in such a polarized country
[48:14.840 --> 48:21.880]  right now that despite his efforts to get things done, it's just so hard right now to
[48:21.880 --> 48:27.520]  get anything through, which is like, obviously, I'd like marijuana to be legalized.
[48:27.520 --> 48:32.880]  I'd like to live in a country where Roe is codified, where abortions are available.
[48:32.880 --> 48:42.160]  I'd love to live in a country where I don't have to worry about student loan debt, but
[48:42.160 --> 48:47.760]  it's just hard to get through all of that right now in how the state of America is today.
[48:47.760 --> 48:52.880]  A couple of you have mentioned or alluded to former President Trump.
[48:52.880 --> 48:56.280]  Amaya, what's your take on the former president?
[48:56.280 --> 49:02.040]  I grew up in a very isolated, a very white-populated community, and I had never experienced the
[49:02.040 --> 49:07.000]  difference that I was black until Trump was in presidency, that complete isolation that
[49:07.000 --> 49:09.880]  was brought on just by this political figure.
[49:09.880 --> 49:13.780]  We had Hmong facilities in my community that were destroyed in the name of Trump.
[49:13.780 --> 49:16.080]  We had monuments that were destroyed in the name of Trump.
[49:16.080 --> 49:20.080]  We had people who were attacked in the name of Trump, and I think he brought out the worst
[49:20.080 --> 49:23.640]  in people, and he supported it, and he didn't correct that behavior, and I believe no president
[49:23.640 --> 49:25.440]  would ever do that.
[49:25.440 --> 49:26.440]  Catherine.
[49:26.440 --> 49:33.120]  He, by all accounts, disgraced America in the January 6th insurrection.
[49:33.120 --> 49:38.200]  Though the hearings are still going on, personally, I believe that he incited the insurrection
[49:38.200 --> 49:47.440]  and sent a mob of angry people to the Capitol, which is completely undemocratic, and he also
[49:47.440 --> 49:53.040]  did not facilitate a peaceful transfer of power, which has been an American tradition
[49:53.040 --> 49:56.960]  for hundreds of years, which upset me greatly.
[49:56.960 --> 50:00.480]  I did do support Trump and have for a quarter of a while.
[50:00.480 --> 50:05.360]  During that time period, he had the nation, the best economic period we had for quite
[50:05.360 --> 50:06.480]  a long time.
[50:06.480 --> 50:08.360]  He kept us very well.
[50:08.360 --> 50:14.960]  Unfortunately, he did have his wrongdoings and has been a nasty person and has almost
[50:14.960 --> 50:18.800]  always been, but he also was the person politically wise.
[50:18.800 --> 50:22.120]  He ran America as a business, in my opinion.
[50:22.120 --> 50:27.880]  He ran it as though it's what it was, and so running like a businessman, him being a
[50:27.880 --> 50:33.720]  businessman allowed us to have financial gain, allowed us to prosper in those times until
[50:33.720 --> 50:38.520]  COVID had hit and which kind of tanked the entire world economy.
[50:38.520 --> 50:40.640]  Would you like to see him serve in office again?
[50:40.640 --> 50:41.840]  Most likely not.
[50:41.840 --> 50:42.840]  Why not?
[50:42.840 --> 50:49.160]  For the sole reason of just it comes down to the rioting, it comes down to him being
[50:49.160 --> 50:53.860]  a nasty person, and I think the first four years is good, but I don't think another four
[50:53.860 --> 50:55.520]  years would be great.
[50:55.520 --> 50:59.400]  I will agree on Soren that the one thing, a good thing I think Donald Trump ever did
[50:59.400 --> 51:04.520]  was with the economy, that is the only good thing I will say about him.
[51:04.520 --> 51:09.760]  I believe in this country we shouldn't have, it's sort of the massive division we have
[51:09.760 --> 51:15.320]  between Republican and Democrat, because working together is how we fix things.
[51:15.320 --> 51:20.440]  And Donald Trump basically drove a gigantic wedge between people.
[51:20.440 --> 51:26.520]  He was such a polarizing figure that from 2016 onwards, the country would never get
[51:26.520 --> 51:27.520]  anything done.
[51:27.520 --> 51:33.600]  As you all know, the percentage of people who vote of your generation, the youngest
[51:33.600 --> 51:40.680]  generation vote less frequently, a smaller percentage of you vote than the older folks
[51:40.680 --> 51:46.880]  do in the country, but I really do want to understand how you see the politicians listening
[51:46.880 --> 51:52.440]  or not listening to your generation right now.
[51:52.440 --> 51:56.720]  I do think that there's been efforts, I know several candidates throughout the past two
[51:56.720 --> 52:01.960]  years have been to campuses, have literally been outreached, they sit and they listen,
[52:01.960 --> 52:06.360]  but once they're elected in the office, that stops and that communication line is you're
[52:06.360 --> 52:10.560]  emailing a staffer or you're emailing a secretary and the odds that it actually gets to that
[52:10.560 --> 52:15.360]  person is so slim to none that the reality that they're actually listening to the complaints
[52:15.360 --> 52:22.400]  of their own constituents is very like, I have no faith that they are listening to those.
[52:22.400 --> 52:27.640]  And so it's hard to say when I don't even know if they're hearing the issues that are
[52:27.640 --> 52:29.400]  happening in their communities.
[52:29.400 --> 52:35.040]  I feel like if we had more young voters and more people that voted as soon as 18 or as
[52:35.040 --> 52:38.560]  soon as they possibly could, I feel like we would have more politicians listening to our
[52:38.560 --> 52:40.960]  opinions, listening to what we want.
[52:40.960 --> 52:46.000]  I think that what politicians need to understand is that if you start politically engaging
[52:46.000 --> 52:50.640]  kids when they're 18 to 21, when they're just starting to get their foot in the door
[52:50.640 --> 52:55.920]  in politics, you're more likely to have an engaged audience or an engaged constituency
[52:55.920 --> 52:57.320]  as we grow up.
[52:57.320 --> 53:00.720]  And I think that that's a fact that's overlooked most often.
[53:00.720 --> 53:06.280]  A lot of these politicians are just so much older than us.
[53:06.280 --> 53:14.080]  The problems that I see are going to be very different because for our 80 year old and
[53:14.080 --> 53:21.040]  60 year old Senate members, climate change means three or four degrees and then they
[53:21.040 --> 53:23.720]  aren't going to be around much longer.
[53:23.720 --> 53:29.880]  But for me, climate change means I might see the world crumble.
[53:29.880 --> 53:32.840]  These politicians are so much older than us.
[53:32.840 --> 53:38.080]  They've been in these offices for so long that they don't need to listen to us.
[53:38.080 --> 53:42.280]  They've kind of got their elections secured almost, that they just kind of keep coming
[53:42.280 --> 53:45.000]  back in and they don't have to engage anymore.
[53:45.000 --> 53:50.240]  Well, this has been, there's so much more I'd love to ask you, but it's been such a
[53:50.240 --> 53:51.640]  wonderful conversation.
[53:51.640 --> 53:56.400]  I so appreciate every one of you sharing your thoughts.
[53:56.400 --> 53:59.520]  Thank you very, very much.
[53:59.520 --> 54:04.400]  And tomorrow night, Judy will have a report on the Senate race in Wisconsin between incumbent
[54:04.400 --> 54:09.720]  Republican Ron Johnson and Democrat Mandela Barnes, one of the critical contests that
[54:09.720 --> 54:12.960]  will determine control of that legislative body.
[54:12.960 --> 54:18.840]  Also tomorrow, join us right here on PBS for special live coverage of the January 6th Committee's
[54:18.840 --> 54:24.240]  public hearing beginning at 1 p.m. Eastern, plus additional analysis on our regularly
[54:24.240 --> 54:25.880]  scheduled program.
[54:25.880 --> 54:27.800]  And that is the NewsHour for tonight.
[54:27.800 --> 54:29.120]  I'm Amna Nawaz.
[54:29.120 --> 54:34.600]  For all of us here at the PBS NewsHour, thank you for joining us and we will see you soon.
[54:34.600 --> 54:40.040]  Customer funding for the PBS NewsHour has been provided by... For 25 years, Consumer
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[54:54.080 --> 55:01.000]  And with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions, and friends of the NewsHour,
[55:01.000 --> 55:05.120]  join Jim and Nancy Bildner and Kathy and Paul Anderson.
[55:05.120 --> 55:08.480]  These are people who are trying to change the world.
[55:08.480 --> 55:13.920]  Startups have this energy that energizes me.
[55:13.920 --> 55:17.120]  I'm thriving by helping others every day.
[55:17.120 --> 55:22.840]  People who know, know BDO.
[55:22.840 --> 55:32.200]  The Ford Foundation, working with visionaries on the front lines of social change worldwide.
[55:32.200 --> 56:01.960]  And with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions.
[56:01.960 --> 56:06.800]  This program was made possible by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting and by contributions
[56:06.800 --> 56:33.800]  to your PBS station from viewers like you.
[56:33.800 --> 56:59.000]  This is the story of a woman trying to make it in a man's world.
[56:59.000 --> 57:06.960]  And the rest, as they say, is a mystery.
[57:06.960 --> 57:11.800]  I'm a really good detective.
[57:11.800 --> 57:14.800]  You do not want me as an enemy.
[57:14.800 --> 57:15.800]  So justice be done.
[57:15.800 --> 57:16.800]  No pressure.
[57:16.800 --> 57:26.720]  Let's see how this plays out.
[57:26.720 --> 57:33.520]  Resistance was a necessity on making black America slaves were freed, but African Americans
[57:33.520 --> 57:42.880]  have not become truly equal citizens organizing for change and black life, black joy, creating
[57:42.880 --> 57:47.840]  these spaces or enclaves that allow us to feel good about ourselves and good in the
[57:47.840 --> 57:48.840]  world.
[57:48.840 --> 57:53.480]  Even if the world isn't good, making black America through the grapevine Tuesday night
[57:53.480 --> 57:56.040]  at nine.
[57:56.040 --> 58:13.560]  Here's tonight's lineup on KQED made possible by your support KQED celebrates Latinx heritage
[58:13.560 --> 58:20.120]  month with programs that share the Latinx experience for program listings visit KQED.org
[58:20.120 --> 58:25.920]  slash heritage celebrating Latinx heritage month on KQED.
[58:25.920 --> 58:27.960]  Are you a check, please Bay Area fan?
[58:27.960 --> 58:30.240]  We want to hear what you think about our show.
[58:30.240 --> 58:35.640]  Please help us out by taking a brief survey at KQED.org slash check, please survey and
[58:35.640 --> 58:38.360]  sharing your honest thoughts about our programming.
[58:38.360 --> 58:56.880]  Thank you.
[58:56.880 --> 59:08.200]  Here is the most important part of the nature, humans have never done this before.
[59:08.200 --> 59:14.320]  So many senses have come alive, we go with what the environment gives us, we are supposed
[59:14.320 --> 59:15.320]  to protect it.
[59:15.320 --> 59:29.760]  It is a real drama and it's unfolding right in front of you.
[59:29.760 --> 59:40.960]  This will show us so many things that we just haven't seen.
[59:40.960 --> 59:54.520]  KQED, thanks our members and community partners for their support.
[59:54.520 --> 59:59.160]  Xfinity home helps customers keep their home and everything in it more protected from 24
[59:59.160 --> 01:00:05.320]  seven live and recorded video to controlling their smart home devices.
[01:00:05.320 --> 01:00:13.000]  Learn more at Xfinity.com slash Xfinity home.
[01:00:13.000 --> 01:00:21.480]  Hello everyone and welcome to Amanpour & Company, here's what's coming up.
[01:00:21.480 --> 01:00:26.920]  More contentious cases on the United States Supreme Court docket after gutting women's
[01:00:26.920 --> 01:00:31.880]  rights, democracy and voting rights come up for review and I speak to the former Attorney
[01:00:31.880 --> 01:00:38.400]  General Eric Holder, then a growing power vacuum, how Putin's war in Ukraine is hurting
[01:00:38.400 --> 01:00:47.280]  his influence elsewhere, plus Iran intensifies its crackdown but protesters show no sign
[01:00:47.280 --> 01:00:48.960]  of bowing to that pressure.
[01:00:48.960 --> 01:00:54.360]  The country's deep culture of protest with Reza Aslan who looks at the historic but little
[01:00:54.360 --> 01:01:05.400]  known role of an American martyr in Persia, also ahead.