# Grids

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## Layout grids

Using multiple column layouts isn't generally recommended on a mobile device because of the narrow screen width, but there are times where you may need to place small elements side-by-side (like buttons or navigation tabs, for example).

The jQuery Mobile framework provides a simple way to build CSS-based columns through a block style class convention called `ui-grid`.

There are four preset layouts that can be used in any situation that requires columns:

- two-column (using the `ui-grid-a` class)
- three-column (using the `ui-grid-b` class)
- four-column (using the `ui-grid-c` class)
- five-column (using the `ui-grid-d` class)

Grids are 100% width, completely invisible (no borders or backgrounds) and don't have padding or margins, so they shouldn't interfere with the styles of elements placed inside them.

Within the grid container, child elements are assigned `ui-block-a/b/c/d/e` in a sequential manner which makes each "block" element float side-by-side, forming the grid. The `ui-block-a` class essentially clears the floats which will start a new line (see multiple row grids, below).

## Two column grids

To build a two-column (50/50%) layout, start with a container with a `class` of `ui-grid-a`, and add two child containers inside it classed with `ui-block-a` for the first column and `ui-block-b` for the second:

    <div class="ui-grid-a">
    	<div class="ui-block-a"><strong>I'm Block A</strong> and text inside will wrap</div>
    	<div class="ui-block-b"><strong>I'm Block B</strong> and text inside will wrap</div>
    </div><!-- /grid-a -->

The above markup produces the following content layout:

I'm Block A and text inside will wrap.
I'm Block B and text inside will wrap.

As you see above, by default grid blocks have no visual styling; they simply present content side-by-side.

Grid classes can be applied to any container. In this next example, we add `ui-grid-a` to a `fieldset`, and apply the `ui-block` classes to the container of each of the two buttons inside to stretch them each to 50% of the screen width:

    <fieldset class="ui-grid-a">
    	<div class="ui-block-a"><button type="submit" data-theme="c">Cancel</button></div>
    	<div class="ui-block-b"><button type="submit" data-theme="b">Submit</button></div>
    </fieldset>

Please note that the framework adds left and right margin to buttons in a grid. For a single button you can use a container with class `ui-grid-solo` and wrap the button in a div with class `ui-block-a` like the example below. This way the button will get the same margin.

    <div class="ui-grid-a">
    	<div class="ui-block-a"><button type="button" data-theme="c">Previous</button></div>
    	<div class="ui-block-b"><button type="button" data-theme="c">Next</button></div>
    </div>
    <div class="ui-grid-solo">
    	<div class="ui-block-a"><button type="v" data-theme="b">More</button></div>
    </div>

Theme classes (not data-theme attributes) from the theming system can be added to an element, including grids. On the blocks below, we're adding two classes: `ui-bar` to add the default bar padding and `ui-bar-e` to apply the background gradient and font styling for the "e" toolbar theme swatch. For illustration purposes, an inline `style="height:120px"` attribute is also added to each grid to set each to a standard height.

Block A
Block B

## Three-column grids

The other grid layout configuration uses `class=ui-grid-b` on the parent, and 3 child container elements, each with its respective `ui-block-a/b/c` class, to create a three-column layout (33/33/33%). Note: These blocks are also styled with theme classes so the grid layout is clearly visible.

    <div class="ui-grid-b">
    	<div class="ui-block-a">Block A</div>
    	<div class="ui-block-b">Block B</div>
    	<div class="ui-block-c">Block C</div>
    </div><!-- /grid-b -->

This will produce a 33/33/33% grid for our content.

Block A
Block B
Block C

And an example of a 3 column grid with buttons inside:

## Four-column grids

A four-column, 25/25/25/25% grid is created by specifying `class=ui-grid-c` on the parent and adding a fourth block. Note: These blocks are also styled with theme classes so the grid layout is clearly visible.

A
B
C
D

## Five-column grids

A five-column, 20/20/20/20/20% grid is created by specifying `class=ui-grid-d` on the parent and adding a fifth block. Note: These blocks are also styled with theme classes so the grid layout is clearly visible.

A
B
C
D
E

## Multiple row grids

Grids are designed to wrap to multiple rows of items. For example, if you specify a 3-column grid (ui-grid-b) on a container that has nine child blocks, it will wrap to 3 rows of 3 items each. There is a CSS rule to clear the floats and start a new line when the `class=ui-block-a` is seen so make sure to assign block classes in a repeating sequence (a, b, c, a, b, c, etc.) that maps to the grid type:

A
B
C
A
B
C
A
B
C

## Making responsive grids

Grids can be made responsive so they adapt to various screen widths which is useful if used for building full page layouts. Learn more in the responsive grids.

### More in this section

- Content Formatting
- Basic HTML styles
- Layout grids (columns)
- Responsive grids
- Collapsible content blocks
- Collapsible sets (accordions)
- Theming content