menu
nautilus -
file manager (GNOME)
dolphin -
file manager (KDE)
konqueror -
web browser (KDE)
kate -
text editor (KDE)
gedit -
text editor (GNOME)
sudo /etc/init.d/gdm restart -
restart X and return to login (GNOME)
sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart -
restart X and return to login (KDE)
(file) /etc/X11/xorg.conf -
display configuration
sudo dexconf -
reset xorg.conf configuration
Ctrl+Alt+Bksp -
restart X display if frozen
Ctrl+Alt+FN -
switch to tty N
Ctrl+Alt+F7 -
switch back to X display
Note :
Prefix commands with sudo to run.
ufw enable -
turn on the firewall
ufw disable -
turn off the firewall
ufw default allow -
allow all connections by default
ufw default deny -
drop all connections by default
ufw status -
current status and rules
ufw allow port -
allow traffic on port
ufw deny port -
block port
ufw deny from ip -
block ip adress
ifconfig -
show network information
iwconfig -
show wireless information
sudo iwlist scan -
scan for wireless networks
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart -
reset network for manual configurations
(file) /etc/network/interfaces -
manual configuration
ifup interface -
bring interface online
ifdown interface -
disable interface
Note :
Prefix commands with sudo to run.
apt-get update -
refresh available updates
apt-get upgrade -
upgrade all packages
apt-get dist-upgrade -
upgrade with package replacements; upgrade Ubuntu version
apt-get install pkg -
install pkg
apt-get purge pkg -
uninstall pkg
apt-get autoremove -
remove obsolete packages
apt-get -f install -
try to fix broken packages
dpkg --configure -a -
try to fix broken packages
dpkg -i pkg.deb -
install file pkg.deb
(file) /etc/apt/sources.list -
APT repository list
sudo command -
run command as root
sudo -s -
open a root shell
sudo -s -u user -
open a shell as user
sudo -k -
forget sudo passwords
gksudo command -
visual sudo dialog (GNOME)
kdesudo command -
visual sudo dialog (KDE)
sudo visudo -
edit /etc/sudoers
gksudo nautilus -
root file manager (GNOME)
kdesudo konqueror -
root file manager (KDE)
passwd -
change your password
ubuntu-desktop -
standard Ubuntu environment
kubuntu-desktop -
KDE desktop
xubuntu-desktop -
XFCE desktop
ubuntu-minimal -
core Ubuntu utilities
ubuntu-standard -
standard Ubuntu utilities
ubuntu-restricted-extras -
non-free, but useful
kubuntu-restricted-extras -
KDE of the above
xubuntu-restricted-extras -
XFCE of the above
build-essential -
packages used to compile programs
linux-image-generic -
latest generic kernel image
linux-headers-generic -
latest build headers
Recovery -
Type the phrase "REISUB" while holding down Alt and SysRq (PrintScrn) with about 1 second between each letter. Your system will reboot.
lsb_release -a -
get Ubuntu version
uname -r -
get kernel version
uname -a -
get all kernel information
Note :
Prefix commands with sudo to run.
start service -
start job service (Upstart)
stop service -
stop job service (Upstart)
status service -
check if service is running (Upstart)
/etc/init.d/service start -
start service (SysV)
/etc/init.d/service stop -
stop service (SysV)
/etc/init.d/service status -
check service (SysV)
/etc/init.d/service restart -
restart service (SysV)
runlevel -
get current runlevel
