601: POWER SYSTEMS – I

Module 1

Conventional sources of electrical energy- thermal, hydroelectric, diesel and nuclear power plants-introduction to renewable energy sources- power plant economics –operating coasts- load factor- demand factor- diversity factor- plant factor. Types of tariffs, power factor improvement.

Module 2

Overhead transmission systems- arrangement of conductors- sag and tensiontransmission line supports and their location, economic span- choice of transmission voltage- line insulators- string efficiency- impulse ratio- arcing horns and rings- failure of insulation- corona- under ground cables- different types- capacitance of single core and three core cables- grading of cables.

Module 3

Distribution systems- classification and arrangement of distribution systems- distribution substation layout and arrangement- economic loading of distribution transformers- design of feeders. Kelvin’s Law- considerations in primary and secondary distribution system design- current distribution and voltage drop in single-phase and three-phase four-wire distribution systems- voltage drop calculation and design of distributors in ring systemimprovement of existing distribution systems- LT capacitor installation- size and connection- Rising mains- Equipment earthling- Electric energy management. Power quality.

Module 4

Performance of transmission lines- calculation of transmission line inductance and capacitance- GMD and GMR- bundled conductors- transposition- ABCD constantseffect of capacitance- nominal T and p methods of calculations- power flow through a transmission line. Methods of voltage control.


602: DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

Module 1

Introduction to signals & systems- Discrete time signals and systems- Properties of discrete systems-linearity,timeinvariance-causality-stability.convolution.difference equation representation of discrete systems -The Z transform-properties of Z transform- the inverse z transform-System Transfer function.

Module 2

Frequency domain representation of discrete time signals. Discrete Fourier series(DFS)-properties Discrete Time Fourier Transform (DTFT) properties, Discrete Fourier Transform(DFT) properties& Fast Fourier Transform( FFT) Decimation in Time Decimation in Frequency algorithms.

Module 3

FIR digital Filters: Transfer function. Generalized Difference equation representation.Concept of windowing. Non Recursive realization structures-direct (Tapped delay line structure) –cascade realization- Liner phase realization.IIR Digital Filters : - Transfer function. Difference equation representation. Recursive Realizations Direct form I , Direct form II –Cascade Realization-Parallel realization –Comparison of IIR & FIR filters in terms of computational complexity, memory requirement, hardware complexity, stability .

Module 4

Finite word length effects in digital filters- fixed point arithmetic -Floating point arithmetic- Block floating point arithmetic - Truncation-Rounding - Quantization error in analog to digital conversion-Limit cycles. General DSP architecture- features _ On chip subsystems- memory organization-Addressing modes- Instruction types - TMS320C54X fixed point processor- TMS320C4X floating point processor Applications of DSP


603: CONTROL SYSTEMS I

Module 1

Frequency domain analysis, sinusoidal frequency response. Polar plots and logarithmic plots – Bode plots – Nyquist plots – absolute stability and relative stability from Bode and Nyquist plots.

Module 2

Basic theory and properties of Root loci produce for construction of root loci, complete RL diagram.Control system components: synchros, d.c servomotor, a.c servomotor, stepper motor,tacho generator.

Module 3

Design of control systems. Cascade and feedback design. Modes of control .P, I, D and combinations of P, I and D and effects on system performance. On- off control lead, lag,lead-lag design using Bode plots and root locus. PID controller tuning in process control.

Module 4

System design using state feed back. Controllability, Observability.State feed back control. Placement of poles at desired location using state feedback – observers. Design of full order and reduced order observers.


604: ELECTRICAL DRAWING

Module 1

D.C Armature windings- Simplex lap and wave windings.Sectional front and side elevation of the armature with commutator.Sectional front and side elevation of the yoke and pole assembly with field winding. Sectional front and side elevation of an assembled dc machine.

Module 2

Sectional plan and elevation of core type and shell type single-phase transformer.Sectional plan and elevation of a three-phase transformer.Induction Motors Sectional front and side elevation of slip ring and squirrel cage induction motor.Alternators Sectional front and side elevation of salient pole and turbo alternators.

Module 3

Three-phase AC windings Single layer windings- Mush windings and concentric windings.Double layer lap windings- Full pitched, short pitched and fractional slot windings.Double layer lap windings.

Module 4

Single line layout of substations.Single line layout of generating stations.Single circuit and double circuit transmission towers.


605: MODERN COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Module 1

Microwave Communication : Basic principles of microwave links- Microwave Relay Systems –Choice of frequency – line of sight and over the horizon systems – modulation methods – block schematics of terminal transmitters and receivers – microwave repeaters – microwave repeaters –microwave repeaters – microwave antennas – propagation mechanisms – propagation characteristics – path loss models – shadowing models – small scale fading and multipath fadin– basic principles of design of microwave link

Module 2

Satellite Communication – Orbit of communication satellite – Satellite Constellation – Orbital parameters – Orbital perturbations – Geostationary orbits – Low Earth and Medium Orbits –Look Angles – Frequency selection RF Links – Propagation characteristics – Modulation methods- coding – multiple access – space craft – antennas – transponders – intersatellite link –link power budget – earth station interference – Satellite systems – Geostationary systems –Distress and Safety systems – Navigation systems – direct sound broadcast systems – Direct Television broadcast systems

Module 3

Wireless communication systems: Cellular concepts – Cell Splitting and Frequency Reuse -Propagation Mechanisms – Modulation techniques for wireless communication – Analog, Digital and Spread Spectrum modulation – Equalisation, Diversity and Channel coding Diversity Techniques – Multiple access techniques for Wireless Commuications – FDMA,TDMA and CDMA – Wireless systems and standards – AMPS – Global System for Mobile(GSM) – CDMA– General Packet Radio Service – DECT System .Fiber optic communication: light wave communication systems- Fiber optic cable -optical transmitter and receiver.

Module 4

Radiation and Propagation of Waves: - (analysis not required) - Electro magnetic Radiation- Waves in free space- polarization - reception- effects of Environment-Propagation of waves:- Ground waves- Sky-wave propagation - space waves- antennas-Basic consideration - wire radiator in space - common terms and definitions- Effects of ground on Antennas- Directional High frequency Antennas - UHF Micro wave antennas -Wide band and special purpose antennas.


606: ELECTRICAL MACHINES III

Module 1

Three phase induction motor - constructional details - slip ring and squirrel cage types-Theory of the induction machine with constant mutual flux - slip phasor diagram - mechanical power and developed torque - Torque slip curves - variation and starting torque with rotor resistance- pull out torque - losses and efficiency - approximate and exact equivalent circuits - circle diagram - No load and blocked rotor tests - performance calculations from the equivalent circuit.

Module 2

Starting - starting squirrel cage motors- direct on-line starting auto transformer and star -delta starter - starting current and torque - starting of slip ring motors - design of rotor rheostat.Effects of harmonics - Harmonic induction and harmonic synchronous torques - cogging,crawling and noise production - methods of elimination - special rotor construction - Deep bar, composite bar and Boucherot rotor constructions - equivalent circuits and torque curves of double cage motors.

Module 3

Methods of speed control - pole changing methods - rotor rheostatic control - change of supply frequency - use of SCR for speed control - principle of speed regulation and improvement of power factor by rotor injected emf.Induction generator Theory - phasor diagram - circle diagram - equivalent circuit -applications.Synchronous induction motor- construction - rotor winding connections - circle diagram -pulling into step.

Module 4

Single phase induction motor - revolving field theory equivalent circuit - torque slip curvestarting methods - split phase, capacitor start, capacitor run motors shaded pole motor -repulsion start and repulsion induction motor.Commutator motors - General, principles and theory - commutator as a frequency converte- emf induced in a commutator winding - single phase series motor - theory - phasor and circle diagram - compensating and interpole windings - universal motor - principle of repulsion motor - torque production - phasor diagram - compensated type of motors repulsion start induction motor - applications.Poly phase commutator motors - Three phase series and shunt type - schrage motor -characteristics and applications .