801: ELECTRICAL MACHINE DESIGN

Module 1

D C Machines:- Output equation – main dimensions choice of specific electro magnetic loadings – choice of speed and number of poles. Design of armature conductors, slots and windings – design of airgap,field system, commutator,interpoles,compensating winding and brushes – Carter’s co-efficient – real and apparent flux density. Design examples.

Module 2

Transformers; - Single phase and Three phase transformers – output equation - main dimensions – specific electric and magnetic loadings – design of core, LV winding, HV winding – cooling of transformers – design of cooling tank and tubes. Temperature rise time curve – short time and continuous rating.

Module 3

Alternators:- Salient pole and turbo alternators – output equation – main dimensions –choice of specific electric and magnetic loadings – choice of speed and number of poles –design of armature conductors, slots and winding – design of air-gap, field system and damper winding – prediction of open circuit characteristics and regulation of the alternator based on design data – design examples.

Module 4

Induction machines:- Output equation – main dimensions – choice of specific electric and magnetic loadings – design of stator and rotor windings, stator and rotor slots and airgap of slip ring and squirrel cage motors – calculation of rotor bar and end ring currents in cage rotor – calculation of equivalent circuit parameters and prediction of magnetising current based on design data – design examples.


EE 802: POWER SYSTEMS III

Module 1

Circuit breakers – principles of operation – different types and their operations – ABCB –oil CB – SFC – vacuum CB- circuit breaker ratings – cause of over voltages – surges and traveling waves – voltage waves on loss less line – reflection and attenuation – protection against lightning – earth wires – lightning diverters – surge absorbers- arcing ground –neutral earthing – basic concepts of insulation levels and their selection – BIL –coordination of insulation.

Module 2

Protective relays – protective zones – requirement of protective relaying – different types of relays and their applications – generalized theory of relays – protection scheme for generator – transformers, lines and bus bars - static relays amplitude and phase comparators – block diagrams of static relays – protection scheme for generators –transformers, lines and bus bars – microprocessor based protective relaying.

Module 3

Electric traction: systems of traction – speed time curve – mechanics of traction – power supply – systems of current collection – electric heating – advantage of electric heating –resistance and induction are furnaces – construction and field of application of dielectric heating.

Module 4

Energy conservation in electric motors – lighting and electric heating systems – electrical energy auditing – instrumentation and general methodology – power quality problems –definitions – harmonics – sources – effects – total harmonic distortion (THD) – mitigation methods – passive filter design.


EE 803 ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTATION

Module 1

Transducers – definitions – classifications – resistance transducers- strains gauge – types –construction – temperature effect - circuitry, semi conductor strain gauge – load cell.Resistance thermo meter – types – circuits – errors. Themistor – advantage of themistor.Inductive transducers – LVDT – applications – LVDT load cell – LVDT pressuretransducer – resolver – capacitive transducer – principle of operation – applications –capacitor microphone.Piezoelectric transducer – materials – equivalent circuit – d, g, h, coefficients –thermocouple – principle – applications – magnetostrictive transducers – materials,applications, Hall effect transducer – application – elastic transducers (brief study) –Bourdon tubes – diaphragms – Bellows – Fibre Optics transducers – digital transducers –shaft encoder.

Module 2

Signal conditioning – instrumentation amplifiers – differential amplifiers – filters – law and high pass, band pass and band rejection filters –transducer bridges – null type and deflection bridges – AC bridges using push pull transducers – general telemetry systems –sampling process – principles of time division and frequency division multiplexing,different types of modulation techniques as applied to telemetry (general idea)

Module 3

Instrumentations systems – basic measuring systems – analog and digital data acquisition systems – generalized input-output configuration of measuring systems – dynamic characteristics.Digital instruments – operating principles of DVM using successive approximation – V/Fconversion and integrating principles – counter digital method for frequency, phase, timeand period measurements – digital RLC meters – Q-meter – vector impedance meter –electronic multimeter.

Module 4

Display methods and devices – different types of display – display system building blocks –recorders – galvanometric recorders-pen driving systems – servo recorders – magnetic recorders – digital recorders – accuracy and precision – classification errors- combined errors etc.


804A DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING

Module 1

Digital image fundamentals: representation - elements of visual perception - simple image formation model - Image sampling and quantization - basic relationships between pixels – imaging geometry.Review of matrix theory results: Row and column ordering - Toeplitz, Circulant and Block matrices. Review of Image transforms: 2D-DFT, FFT, Walsh, Hadamard, Haar, DCT and Wavelet transforms.

Module 2

Image enhancement: Spatial domain methods: point processing - intensity transformations,histogram processing, image subtraction, image averaging; Spatial filtering- smoothing filters,sharpening filters. Frequency domain methods: low pass filtering, high pass filtering,homomorphic filtering. Generation of spatial masks from frequency domain specifications.Image segmentation: Detection of discontinuities - point, line and edge and combined detection ,Edge linking and boundary description - local and global processing using Hough transform –Thresholding - Region oriented segmentation - basic formulation, region growing by pixel aggregation, region splitting and merging - Use of motion in segmentation. Fundamentals of Representation and Description.

Module 3

Image restoration: Degradation model - Diagonalization of circulant and Block circulant matrices - Algebraic approaches - Inverse filtering - Wiener filter - Constrained Least squares restoration - Interactive restoration - Geometric transformations.Fundamentals of Colour image processing: colour models - RGB, CMY, YIQ, HIS - Pseudo color image processing - intensity slicing, gray level to color transformation.

Module 4

Image compression: fundamentals- redundancy: coding, inter pixel, psycho visual, fidelity criteria, Models, Elements of information theory, Error free compression- variable length, bit plane, lossless predictive, Lossy compression- lossy predictive, transform coding. Fundamentals of JPEG, MPEG & Fractal image compression techniques.


EE 804 (B) RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY

Module 1

Renewable and non-renewable sources of energy – brief review of conventional sources of energy – energy production and world energy consumption – green house effect and global warming. Solar energy option. Thermal conversion – design fabrication and performance of flat plate collectors – description of solar thermal devices (stills water heater, furnaces cookers and refrigerators) – Solar thermal power generation systems –thermal storage.

Module 2

Photovoltaic conversion – conceptual description of photo voltaic effect – electrical characteristic of silicon PV cells and modules – solar cell material and prospects –Instruments for measurement of solar radiation – Empirical equations for predicting availability of solar radiation.

Module 3

Wind energy – wind turbines – Horizontal axis and vertical axis with turbines – Power and energy from wind turbines – wind characteristics. Energy from oceans: wave energy –Physical principles – wave characteristics and wave power – wave energy technology. fixed devices – floating devices

Module 4

Biomes – classification – biomass – conversion process – application – ocean thermal energy conversion systems – Tidal & wave power application – fuel cells – types – losses in fuel cell - application – MHD generators – application of MHD generation - micro and mini hybrid power.


EE 804 C : FLEXIBLE AC TRANSMISSION

Module 1

FACTS concepts and general system considerations: Power flow in AC systems -Definition of FACTS - Power flow control -Constraints of maximum transmission line loading - Benefits of FACTS Transmission line compensation- Uncompensated line -shunt compensation - Series compensation -Phase angle control.

Module 2

Static shunt compensators: SVC and STATCOM - Operation and control of TSC, TCR and STATCOM - Compensator control - Comparison between SVC and STATCOM.Static series compensation: TSSC, SSSC -Static voltage and phase angle regulators -TCVR and TCPAR- Operation and Control -Applications.

Module 3

Unified Power Flow Controller: Circuit Arrangement, Operation and control of UPFCBasic Principle of P and Q control- independent real and reactive power flow control-Applications - Introduction to interline power flow controller.

Module 4

Special purpose FACTS controllers - Thyristor controlled voltage limiter - Thyristor controlled voltage regulator - Thyristor controlled braking resistor - Thyristor controlled current limiter-Custom Power - Compensation Devices - STS - SSC - SVR -Backup energy supply devices


EE 804(D) VLSI DESIGN

Module 1

VLSI process integration: - fundamental considerations in IC processing - NMOS and PMOS IC technology - CMOS IC technology - BiCMOS IC technology. - GaAs technology. Ion implantation in IC fabrication. The MOS device - (n - channel & p- channel) - capacitance of MOS structure - accumulation, depletion and inversion, threshold voltage, current equations -characteristics, channel pinch-off. Second order MOS device effects : short-channel effect, narrow width effect, sub-threshold current, device saturation characteristics.

Module 2

Switch logic- pass transistors and transmission gates, Gate logic-The basic inverter using NMOScircui- current equations - pull up to pull down ratio- transfer characteristics- Alternate forms of pull up. Basic NAND, NOR circuits. The CMOS inverter, characteristics – NAND, NOR and compound circuits using CMOS. Other forms of CMOS logic : pseudo CMOS, CMOS domino logic, n-p logic. Layout design of static MOS circuits – Layout rules - general principles & steps of lay-out design - use of stick diagrams - design rules - Layout examples of NAND and NOR.

Module 3

Basic circuit concepts: sheet resistance, area capacitance, delay unit, inverter delays – driving large capacitive loads, cascaded inverters, super buffers, BiCMOS drivers . Combinational circuits - clocked sequential circuit - drivers for bus lines. Scaling of MOS circuits: scaling models and scaling factors for device parameters.

Module 4

Timing issues in VLSI system design: timing classification- synchronous timing basics – skew and jitter- latch based clocking- self timed circuit design - self timed logic, completion signal generation, self timed signaling–synchronizers and arbiters.