Complex Analytic functions and conformal mapping: curves and regions in the complex plane, complex functions, limit, derivative, analytic function, Cauchy - Riemann equations, Elementary complex functions such as powers, exponential function,logarithmic, trigonometric and hyperbolic functions. Conformal mapping: Linear fractional transformations, mapping by elementary functions like Z2, ez, sin z, cos z, sin hz, and Cos hz, Z+1/Z.
Complex integration: Line integral, Cauchy's integral theorem, Cauchy's integral formula, Taylor's series, Laurent's series, residue theorem, evaluation of real integrals using integration around unit circle, around the semi circle, integrating contours having poles, on the real axis.
Partial differential equations:Formation of partial differential equations. Solutions of equations of the form F(p, q) = 0, F(x,p,q)=0, F(y,p,q)=0, F(z,p,q)=0, F1(x,p) = F2 (y,q),Lagrange’s form Pp+Qq = R. Linear homogeneous partial differential equations with constant co-effients.
Vibrating string : one dimensional wave equation, D’Alembert’s solution, solution by the method of separation of variables. One dimensional heat equation, solution of the equation by the method of separation of variables, Solutions of Laplace’s equation over a rectangular region and a circular region by the method of separation of variables.
1. R.K.Jain, S.R.K.Iyengar: Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Narosa Publishers.19912. C.R.Wilie & L.C.Barrett: Advanced Engineering Mathematics, MGH Co.
1. Ervin Kreyszig, Wiley Eastern - Advanced Engineering Mathematics2. Churchill R.V- Complex Variables & Applications: MGH Publishers.3. M.C.Potter - Advanced Engineering Mathematics, , J.L.Goldberg Oxford University Press
Introduction to 8 bit microprocessor: Microcomputers and microprocessors, 8/ 16/ 32/ 64-bit microprocessor families; Internal architecture of Intel 8085 microprocessor: Block diagram, Registers, Internal Bus Organization,Functional details of pins, Control signals, External Address / Data bus multiplexing, Demultiplexing, I/ O mapped I/ O, and memory mapped I/ O techniques. Interrupts, Serial communication and DMA features
Assembly Language Programming: 8085 instruction set: Instructions, Classifications, Addressing modes, Stack and Subroutines, Delay routines, Counters etc. Programming examples.
Instruction Timing and Interrupts: Timing Diagrams (of various instructions): T- state, Machine cycle (Opcode fetch, Read / Write, Interrupt Acknowledge, Bus Idle, etc), Interrupts: -types (h/ w and s/ w), Maskable / Non maskable, their organization.
Interfacing concepts and devices:Memory interfaces: Concept of memory chip/ chips interfaces to 8085 wih appropriate examples Programmable interfacing devices: - Programmable peripheral interfaces (Intel 8255), Programmable timer interfaces (Intel 8253/ 54), Programmable display / Keyboard interfaces (Intel 8279), Programmable serial communication interfaces(Intel 8251)-(their architecture, register organization, initialization, hard ware and software inter face to 8085.
Feedback amplifiers:Negative and positive feedback - Different types of negative feedback amplifier - voltage shunt-voltage series - current shunt - current series .Oscillators - Principle of sinusoidal oscillators - Bark Hausen criteria - RC oscillators - phase shift- Wienbridge - LC oscillators - Hartley , Colpitts -clapp oscillator, crystal oscillator.
Power amplifiers -classification - class A , class B, Class AB, Class C and class D - Transformer coupled class AB Power amplifier - Transformerless classs AB push-pull Power amplifier - complementary symmetry power amplifier - Harmonic distortion n Power amplifiers - Transistor rating -Heat sinks -Switching amplifiers
High frequency amplifier – Filter Design and Tuned amplifier - coupled circuit, unilateralisation of transistor,Q-factor, single tuned, double tuned and stagger tuned amplifier (analysis not required) - Wide band amplifier:Gain-bandwidth trade off. Wide band transistor configuration cascade emitter coupled - broad banding, bandwidth trade-off, wide band transistor configuration wih negative feed back, frequency compensation - low frequency RC compensation High frequency compensation (analysis not required)
Differential amplifier:- Basic differential amplifier - dual input balanced output and unbalanced output- Internal block schematic of op amp - Biasing used n IC- Constant current source- Current mirror Circuits- Active Load– Level Shifters- Power amplifier stages. Power supply requirements.
Continuous Time signals: Energy and Power signals, Exponential and sinusoidal signals, periodicity, Impulse and step signals. Continuous Time systems: Properties- Linearity, stability, causality, memory, invertibility, time invariance. Analysis of LTI System – impulse response- convolution-graphical analysis-properties of convolution,Differential equation representation.Frequency analysis of CT systems - Fourier series Fourier Transform .Properties Convolution,multiplication,correlation,Parseval's relationship,Examples.Inverse relationship between time and frequency,Time- Bandwidth product, Signal Spectrum
Discrete Time signals: Energy and Power signals, Exponential and sinusoidal signals, periodicity, Impulse and step signals. Discrete Time systems: Properties:Linearity, stability,causality,memory,invertibility time invariance.Representation of systems- impulse response- convolution - Difference equation representation.Frequency analysis of DT systems: Discrete Time Fourier Series Discrete Time Fourier Transforms, Z Transforms: Properties Analysis of LTI systems using Z transforms the inverse Z transform - System functions.Sampling of CT and DT signals. Sampling Theorem Nyqust rate. Reconstruction -- ideal, zero order hold.
Random Signals and systems: Review of random variables and pdf. Random processes, statistical averages.Stationary processes, Ergodic processes. Random processes and LTI systems. Random processes n frequency domain Power spectrum of stochastic processes, variance Auto correlation and spectral densities -Properties Power spectral density. Gaussian , Rayleigh, Rice probability density-and White processes, band limited and band pass processes.
Noise: .White noise, Narrow band noise, effective noise temperature and noise figure representation Sinewave contaminated wih narrow band noise.Effect of noise n Systems; eg: Linear and angle modulation systems,threshold effect and threshold extension, pre-emphasis and de-emphasis filtering. Introduction to Detection andestimation, Matched filters
Introduction–communication process, source of information, communication channels; Modulation – need, band width requirements – electromagnetic spectrum. Amplitude modulation – principles – visual concepts, modulation factor and percentage of modulation, mathematical relationship, component phasors, frequency spectrum, band selection. Amplitude modulators – ISB modulators – VSB modulation. AM transmitters – low level, high level – SSB systems – comparisons, mathematical analysis, SSB generation –SSB transmitters – filter method, phase shift method, third method. AM receivers – TRF receivers, Super heterodyne receiver, Double Super heterodyne receiver – SSB receiver – BFO, envelope detection, multi-channel Pilot carrier.
Angle Modulation – mathematical analysis, principles, waveforms, frequency deviation, frequency analysis,bandwidth requirement, phasor representation–pre-emphasis, de-emphasis. FM modulators – direct, indirect,Phase modulators – direct. FM transmitters – direct FM, indirect FM; FM receivers-block diagram– demodulators– Tuned circuit frequency discriminators, slope detector, balanced slope detector, Foster-Seeley discriminators ratio detectors – FM noise suppression; FM stereo broadcasting-stereo transmitter, stereo receiver (block leve treatment only).
Noise – external, internal – noise calculations, multiple noise sources, equivalent noise band width – Noise figure– Effective noise temperature, noise figure n terms of available gain – Noise i AM, angle modulation, pulse modulation – Performance of Communication systems – noise representation- Comparison of coded and uncoded systems - Characteristics of receivers – sensitivity, selectivity, double spotting, SNR – AGC circuitry – Performance of communication receivers – Comparison study of AM, FM and PM.
Telephony –Simple telephone communication, classification of switching systems, Basics of a switching system;Switches & Multiplexers, DTMF & Pulse signalling, Electronic switching – stored program control, centralized and distributed SPC, enhanced services, Time division, space division & combination switching, Signalling techniques; Traffic Engineering – Network traffic, load and parameters, grade of service, blocking probability,traffic congestion.
Power transistors - Design of high power amplifier – switching transistors - Parallel operation of transistor -Power MOSFET - Operating principles - Structure and characteristics. Thyristors- Classification &Constructional Details. SCR - Working principle - turn on, turn off and V - I characteristics - gate characteristics, and rating: Series and parallel operation of SCR - TRIAC - characteristics, modes of operation,Trigger circuits - magnetic & solid state , half- wave and full-wave operation .
Single phase controlled rectifiers - half-wave, full-wave, half-controlled and fully controlled - typical waveforms with R, RL, RL wth diode and RL wth voltage source - voltage and current equation fr half-wave controlled rectifier. Three phase half-wave and full-wave controlled rectifier wit R load, waveforms. DC motor speed control - various schemes - multiquardrant operation - simple circuits fr speed control of series, PM and separately excited motors.
Commutation schemes -(different classes) waveforms - single-phase invertors - series, parallel and bridge -PWM invertor - square wave and sin wave output. Chopper circuits using SCR transistor (detailed analysis not required) - Jones Chopper. A.C Motor speed control - various schemes - electronic control of speed of induction motors and synchronous motors.
Static switches: dc & ac switches- DQG VZLWFKHV-design of static switches-Solid state relays.Switching regulators - Basic concepts, analysis and design of Buck, Boost, Buck-Boost and derived converters .UPS - Characteristics - Configuration – Application. Batteries: Characteristics and selection-charging circuits.Thyristor protection - over current, over voltage, di/dt, dv/dt, gate protection.Industrial applications: Timer circuits - Flasher circuits-Electronic ballast, dielectric heating, induction heating.