301: ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS II

Module 1

Matrices and Vector spaces: Rank of matrix, Echelon and normal form, Solutions of linear systems of algebraic equations, Eigen values and Eigen vectors, Cayley- Hamilton theorem (no proof). Vector Spaces- Subspaces,-Linear Independence of vectors-Linearspan-Dimension and Basis. Linear transformations.

Module 2

Fourier series and Fourier integrals: Fourier series of Periodic functions-Euler formulae for Fourier coefficients- functions having period 2π , arbitrary period- even and odd functions-half range expansions, Fourier integral, Fourier cosine and sine transformations, linearity property, transform of derivatives, convolution theorem (no proof)

Module 3

Laplace transforms: Linearity property, transforms of elementary functions, Laplace transforms of derivatives and integrals, differentiation and integration of transforms,convolution theorm (no proof), use of Laplace transforms in the solution of initial value problems, unit step function, impulse function - transform of step functions, transforms of periodic functions.

Module 4

Vector calculus : Scalar and Vector point functions-Gradient and directional derivative of a scalar point functions.- Divergence and Curl of a vector point functions- their physical meanings.Evaluation of line integral, surface integral and volume integrals, Gauss’s divergence theorem,. Stoke’s theorem (No Proof of these theorem), conservative force fields,scalar potential.

Text books:

1. R.K. Jain, S.R.K Iyengar: Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Narosa publishers.1991
2. C.R. Wilie & L.C. Barrett: Advanced Engineering Mathematics, MGH Co.

References

1. Larry C Andrews, Ronald C Philips: Mathematical Techniques fo Engineers & Scientists, PHI
2. M.C. Potter, J.L. Goldberg: Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Oxford universitypress
3. B. S. Grewal: Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna publishers,1986


302 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY

Module 1

Transformers: working principle and elementary theory of an ideal transformer, Constructional features of single phase transformer, emf equation, turns ratio, vector diagram, equivalent circuit, impedance transformation,transformer losses, flux leakage, efficiency, open circuit and short circuit test, load test. Auto transformer -working principle and saving copper, basic idea of current transformer and potential transformer, distribution and power transformer, applications, standard rating, IS specifications.

Module 2

Basic principles of electrical machines: Concepts of motoring and generating action,DC machines- Main constructional features, principles of operation, types of generators, emf equation,characteristics, applications, armature reaction and commutation, types of motors, torque, speed, and power,characteristics, applications, starting losses, and efficiency, speed control, testing, load test of dc machines.

Module 3

AC Machines: Alternator- rotating field, speed and frequency, effect of distribution of winding, coil span,characteristics, emf equation, losses and efficiency, regulation (emf method only), applications, synchronous motor- principle of operation, over excited and under excited, starting, applications, synchronous capacitor.Induction Motor: Three phase induction motor, principles of operation, and constructional features of squirrel cage and slip ring motors, torque-slip characteristics, starting, speed control, losses and efficiency.Single phase induction motor: Principle of operation, types of single phase induction motors

Module 4

Different methods of power generation- thermal, hydro-electric, nuclear, diesel, gas turbine stations (general idea only), electrical equipments n power stations, concept of bus bar, load dispatching, methods of transmission,transmission lines, overhead lines and insulators, corona and skin effect of DC & AC distribution, substation(elementary idea only)


303 NETWORK THEORY

Module 1

Review of basic Circuit Concepts and theorems, Passive circuit components, Sources, Standard input signals;Source transformation, Mesh and Node analysis, Network equation fr RLC Circuits Graph of a Network, Trees, Co-trees and loops, Incidence matrix, Cut-set Matrix, Tie-set Matrix and loop currents, Analysis of Networks

Module 2

Characterization of two port networks using different parameters; Interconnections of two port Networks, T & prepresentation; Steady state and transient response, DC and sinusoidal response of RL, RC and RLC circuits,Initial conditions, Rise and decay of current, Time constant, Damping.Laplace Transforms – Concept, Laplace transform of important Network functions; Transfer functions of two port networks, poles and zeros; Application of Laplace Transforms – Solutions of Network Problems.

Module 3

Passive filters – Filter fundamentals, Classification of Filters- Low Pass, High Pass, Band Pass & Band Reject Filters. Characteristic impedance, Design of Constant K and m derived filters (all four)- T and p - frequency response, Recursive filters- Butter worth, Chebyshev & Elliptical filters (Concept only)-Frequency response,transfer functions.

Module 4

Transmission Lines: Types, Applications, Equivalent Circuit, Primary constants, Transmission Line equations,Input impedance, Secondary Constants, Lossless Line, Distortion less line, Loading of lines, Input impedance of lossless Transmission line, RF lines, Relation between Reflection Coefficient, Load, Characteristic impedances and VSWR, Lines of Different Length - l/8, l/4 and l/2 Lines, Losses n Transmission Lines, Smith Chart and applications, Impedance matching – Single stub& double stub properties


304 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

Module 1

Number system and codes : Binary , Octal, and Hexadecimal number systems - Binary arithmetic, Binary coded Decimal , Excess - 3 code, Gray Code, Error detection and correction - Boolean algebra -Minimization of Boolean functions using Karnaugh Map and Quine - McClusky methods – Formation of switching functions from word statements , realisation using NAND, NOR. Combinational circuits- multiplexer demultiplexer, decoder, encoder

Module 2

Sequential circuits: Flip-flops - RS, JK & T & D flip- flops, shift registers - counters -Asynchronous and synchronous counters, Up-Down counter, modulo counter, Ring counter, Johnson counter - sequence generators -state tables and diagrams

Module 3

Arithmetic circuits : Half adder, Full adder , Subtractor, Serial and parallel addition - Carry look ahead adder -Binary multiplication and division - Multivibrators - Monostable and astable multivibrators using discrete gates .Memories –ROM, RAM, EPROM

Module 4

Logic families: DCTL, RTL, DTL, TTL, ECL, CMOS - Tri-state logic - specification and transfer characteristics of basic TTL - Standard logic levels - Current and voltage parameters - fan n and fan out - Propagation delay,noise consideration- interfacing of CMOS to TTL and interfacing of TTL to CMOS


305 SOLID STATE ELECTRONICS

Module 1

Band theory of solids - Conductors, semiconductors and insulators - energy band diagram. -Semi conductor materials and their properties: elemental semiconductors- the energy band model of semiconductors. Valance band model of semiconductor equilibrium concentration of electrons and holes- the fermi level and energy distribution of carriers inside the bands- temperature dependence of carrier concentration inside the bands. -Carrier transport n semi conductors - drift of carriers n electric fields, carrier flow by diffusion - constancy of fermi level across junction, Excess carriers in semi conductors - injection of excess carriers - recombination ofexcess carriers - continuity equation - current flow equation.

Module 2

PN junction- Abrupt PN junction - energy band diagram - barrier potential, biasing PN junction, excess carrier calculation - current components diffusion - drift - boundary conditions fr long and short diodes - PN junction characteristics - calculation of diffusion – depletion layer capacitance - simple model - transient ac condition -principle of zener and avalanche diodes - photodiodes - - tunnel diode and PIN diode -varactor diode.

Module 3

Bipolar junction transistors - NPN, PNP types, Basic structures - biasing - mechanism of carrier flow - current components n transistors boundary conditions n active region - solution fr short base width - base width modulation - Transistor configurations - Characteristics - current amplification factors - relations between alpha & beta - comparison Ebbers - Moll model - - basic principles of phototransistors - UJT, characteristics.Semiconductor heterojunctions - V-I characteristics - real heterojunctions - frequency limitation of transistor - transit time effect

Module 4

Field effect transistors: JFET - basic structures - principle of operation - Characteristics and current equation,MOSFET - semiconductor surfaces - C - V characteristics - the Si - SiO2 System - basic structures and operating principles - current equation - V-I characteristics - simple model – CMOS- structure, operation.


306 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS I

Module 1

DC power supplies - power transformers - rectification - half wave, full wave, bridge - expression for ripple factor, efficiency, comparison, diode ratings. Filters - capacitor - inductor LC filters- use of bleeder resistor -voltage multipliers - dual power supplies - simple voltage regulator. Series regulators - IC regulators.

Module 2

BJT Amplifiers: Units of gain, CE amplifier- Biasing techniques - stabilization of operating point –compensation techniques- low frequency equivalent circuits - r-parameters, h-parameters Methods of coupling - D.C coupled amplifier - CE RC coupled amplifier - concept of load lines- loading effect at the input and output - emitter follower as Buffer stage- Darlington emitter follower-Boot strapping – High frequency equivalent circuit of CE amplifier-hybrid p model - frequency response of RC coupled amplifier - frequency analysis of R C coupled amplifier - lower cut-off frequency - upper cut-off frequency - 3 db bandwidth - Frequency response of DC coupled amplifier.

Module 3

FET Amplifier: FET biasing- Low frequency equivalent circuit- RC coupled common source amplifier -expression fr gain - frequency response - FET source follower- - FET as a voltage variable resistor –comparison of FET wth BJT. CMOS biasing-Amplifier ckts, Multistage Amplifier.

Module 4

Pulse circuits: pulse characteristics - Pulse shaping using RC circuits - Differentiating and integrating circuits -clipping and clamping circuits using diodes and transistors - Transistor as a swich- sweep circuits - Transistor sweep circuits - voltage and current sweep - Miller sweep circuit - Bootstrap sweep circuit - UJT relaxation oscillator. Multivibrators using transistors - astable - monostable and bistable operation