Acetaminophen Toxicity In Small Breeds

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Acetaminophen Intoxication

Acetaminophen is an over-the-counter analgesic that is commonly ingested by dogs and cats. Adverse effects of acetaminophen intoxication include hepatotoxicity and methemoglobinemia. Cats are more sensitive to the adverse effects of acetaminophen due to decreased ability to metabolize acetaminophen in the liver via the glucuronidation pathway.

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Acetaminophen Toxicity In Small Breeds

Dogs exposed to acetaminophen are likely to develop liver damage at lower doses and red blood cell changes at higher doses. Small breed dogs may also be at risk for decreased tear production (dry eye) secondary to acetaminophen poisoning. Dogs can develop liver damage within several days after ingestion of small doses of acetaminophen .

Illustration of Acetaminophen Toxicity In Small Breeds
Acetaminophen Toxicity In Small Breeds

The metabolism (mechanism for breaking down and removing drugs from the body) of acetaminophen is different in dogs and cats than in humans. This means that relatively small doses, even a small piece of a pill, may be poisonous for dogs or cats. "Cats develop toxicity at much lower doses than dogs." Cats are especially sensitive to acetaminophen .

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Acetaminophen Toxicity In Small Breeds

Acetaminophen and Hepatotoxicity in Small Animals Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, or APAP) can lead to acute fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) or hematotoxicity (chemically induced toxic effects in the blood) in dogs or cats. In clinical cases of APAP toxicosis, hematotoxicity is most common.

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