First Solar (FSLR) — Q2 2026 Earnings Preview

Report: Thursday, July 30, 2026, after market close
Conference call: 4:30 p.m. ET (publicnow.com)
Share price: approximately $204, implying a market capitalization near $21.9 billion as of July 29.

Executive summary

First Solar enters the report with a relatively well-defined quarterly earnings range but unusually high uncertainty around the variables that matter most to the stock: new bookings, U.S. trade policy, backlog quality, and the profitability of its international manufacturing footprint.

Management already previewed Q2 adjusted EBITDA of $400 million to $500 million, based on 3.4–4.0 GW of modules sold and $330–$400 million of Section 45X manufacturing credits. The midpoint is below Q1’s $520 million of adjusted EBITDA, so sequential moderation should not by itself be viewed as a disappointment. (s202.q4cdn.com)

The bigger question is whether First Solar can show that its long-term commercial position is improving while it waits for a decision on the Section 232 investigation covering imported polysilicon and derivatives. A favorable policy outcome could improve competitive pricing and unlock additional U.S. bookings; a prolonged delay would keep capacity and contracting decisions in limbo.

Bottom line: A modest revenue or EPS beat is unlikely to define the reaction. The stock should respond more to:

  1. full-year guidance;
  2. booking volume and booking ASP;
  3. the Section 232 outlook;
  4. South Carolina execution;
  5. international underutilization and tariff costs; and
  6. any update on the Series 7 warranty issue.

What the market expects

Published estimate feeds differ, partly because First Solar has shifted its primary guidance framework from GAAP EPS to adjusted EBITDA.

Metric Current expectation
Revenue consensus Approximately $1.06 billion
EPS consensus Roughly $2.74–$2.99
Management volume preview 3.4–4.0 GW
Management Section 45X preview $330–$400 million
Management adjusted EBITDA preview $400–$500 million

The revenue consensus implies a modest decline from the $1.10 billion reported in Q2 2025, while the EPS feeds imply a decline from last year’s $3.18. (tipranks.com)

Investors should place more weight on adjusted EBITDA versus the $400–$500 million company range than on EPS. Management has stopped providing GAAP net-income guidance because tax-credit discounts, start-up costs, underutilization, taxes, and other items can make EPS comparatively noisy.

Full-year guidance entering the report

Metric FY2026 guidance
Volume sold 17.0–18.2 GW
Net sales $4.9–$5.2 billion
Gross profit $2.4–$2.6 billion
Adjusted EBITDA $2.6–$2.8 billion
Capital expenditures $0.8–$1.0 billion
Year-end net cash $1.7–$2.3 billion
Section 45X credits $2.10–$2.19 billion
Underutilization costs $115–$155 million
Production start-up expense $110–$120 million
Total tariff impact $155–$175 million

First Solar reaffirmed all of these ranges after Q1. (s202.q4cdn.com)

After Q1, the company still needed roughly $3.86–$4.16 billion of revenue and $2.08–$2.28 billion of adjusted EBITDA over the final three quarters to deliver its annual guidance. Consequently, Q2 performance near the midpoint would leave substantial earnings weighted toward the second half.


The five issues that matter most

1. New bookings and pricing are more important than the reported quarter

First Solar ended Q1 with 47.9 GW of contracted backlog worth approximately $14.4 billion, extending through 2030. U.S. production was described as substantially committed through 2028. Approximately 23.4 GW of backlog includes technology-related price adjusters that could add as much as $600 million of revenue, primarily in 2027 and 2028. (s202.q4cdn.com)

Q1 booking activity included:

Through April 30, the company cited 1.4 GW of U.S. bookings since its February earnings report at approximately $0.35/W with technology adjusters. (s202.q4cdn.com)

The essential questions are:

A decline in backlog caused by delivering modules is not inherently negative. The concern would be weak replacement bookings, lower prices, or additional customer defaults.

2. Section 232 remains the major policy catalyst

First Solar has deliberately limited forward bookings while awaiting the outcome of the U.S. Section 232 investigation into imported polysilicon and its derivatives. Depending on scope, tariffs or quotas could raise the cost of imported crystalline-silicon cells and modules, strengthening the relative economics of First Solar’s U.S.-made cadmium-telluride product.

As of July 29, the Bureau of Industry and Security’s public tracker still lists the polysilicon investigation as initiated, rather than showing a completed public action. (bis.gov)

Management initially described the decision as a near-term gate to bookings. Investors therefore need an update on:

This is likely the most important qualitative portion of the call.

3. The South Carolina finishing facility must remain on schedule

First Solar is building a roughly $330 million, 3.5 GW finishing facility in Gaffney, South Carolina, designed to finish modules initiated at its Southeast Asian factories. Equipment installation was scheduled for Q2, with operations expected to begin in the second half of 2026 and ramp into 2027. The project is expected to bring U.S. nameplate capacity to approximately 17.1 GW by 2027. (s202.q4cdn.com)

This facility addresses several problems at once:

Investors should look for confirmation that:

A delay would have implications beyond 2026 start-up expense—it could defer the expected 2027 recovery in underlying gross margin.

4. Q2 margins will be dominated by Section 45X and manufacturing mix

First Solar earned $418 million of Section 45X credits in Q1, helping produce a 46.6% GAAP gross margin and 50% adjusted EBITDA margin. U.S. manufacturing utilization was 96%, versus 88% for the global fleet. (s202.q4cdn.com)

The company expects $330–$400 million of credits in Q2. The quarter’s margin will therefore depend heavily on:

The dependence on 45X is central to valuation. At the midpoint, the company expects approximately $2.15 billion of 45X credits against $2.7 billion of adjusted EBITDA this year. In other words, roughly 80% of headline adjusted EBITDA corresponds to the manufacturing-credit benefit.

That does not make the benefit non-economic—45X is legislated through a scheduled phase-down—but it means investors should separately evaluate:

  1. total reported profitability; and
  2. underlying module economics before manufacturing incentives.

Management previously described the pre-45X gross margin profile as temporarily depressed by tariffs, underutilization and warehousing, with a potential recovery as those costs normalize and technology adjusters enter revenue.

5. India remains both an earnings support and a medium-term risk

India generated a record Q1, with approximately 1.0 GW sold. The factory was running at high utilization, and India’s localization rules generally benefit manufacturers with domestic cell production. First Solar is included on India’s relevant approved-manufacturer list. (s202.q4cdn.com)

However, India carries lower average selling prices than the U.S., which can dilute consolidated revenue per watt. There is also a proposed increase in minimum module-efficiency thresholds beginning in 2027 that could negatively affect First Solar’s market eligibility if adopted without changes.

Key questions include:

Strong Indian sales would support utilization and cash generation, but an unusually high India mix could leave revenue and ASP below headline expectations even if volume is healthy.


Additional items to watch

CuRe rollout and backlog adjusters

First Solar completed the lead-line CuRe conversion in Ohio during Q1 and plans to replicate the technology across portions of its fleet through the first half of 2028. CuRe is intended to improve degradation, temperature performance and bifacial energy yield and underpins up to $600 million of potential backlog price adjustments. (s202.q4cdn.com)

Investors should listen for:

Series 7 warranty exposure

At March 31, First Solar carried an approximately $47 million specific liability for certain Series 7 modules manufactured in 2023 and 2024 that may experience premature power loss. The estimated future-loss range was approximately $35–$70 million.

No material increase would be reassuring. A higher range, broader voluntary remediation, or signs that the issue affects additional production periods would be negative.

TOPCon intellectual-property enforcement

The USITC instituted a Section 337 investigation in March based on First Solar’s complaint that certain imported TOPCon products infringe its patent. A successful case could ultimately result in exclusion orders against infringing imports, but the process is a long-duration catalyst rather than a likely Q2 financial contributor. (usitc.gov)

Cash conversion and working capital

Q1 operating cash flow was negative $215 million despite strong earnings, reflecting seasonal working-capital needs. Inventory rose to approximately $1.11 billion, while government grant receivables reached approximately $823 million.

The balance sheet remains strong, with roughly $2.0 billion of Q1 net cash and an undrawn $1.5 billion revolver. Nevertheless, investors should look for progress in:


What would constitute a good report?

A clearly positive result would likely require several of the following:

A revenue beat without those commercial and policy positives may receive a muted response.

What would constitute a weak report?

The most concerning combination would be:


Scenario framework

Bull case

Q2 adjusted EBITDA exceeds $500 million, full-year guidance moves toward or above the existing high end, and First Solar announces strong U.S. bookings at attractive prices. South Carolina remains on track, while management indicates that trade-policy developments are strengthening customer demand.

Likely interpretation: The 2027 earnings ramp is becoming more visible, and the recent valuation discount is excessive.

Base case

Results fall within the Q2 preview range, full-year guidance is reaffirmed, and bookings remain selective while Section 232 is unresolved. India and U.S. manufacturing perform well, but international underutilization remains a drag.

Likely interpretation: Fundamentally on plan, but the stock continues to wait for policy and booking catalysts.

Bear case

Q2 falls below the EBITDA range or guidance is cut because of tariff costs, project delays, weak bookings, lower India pricing, or South Carolina execution problems. Management offers little confidence on when international capacity can be utilized profitably.

Likely interpretation: The expected 2027 normalization is pushed out, and the market applies a larger discount to the backlog and 45X-supported earnings.


Investment view going into the print

First Solar’s immediate financial outlook is supported by contracted U.S. volume, high domestic utilization, a substantial net-cash position and Section 45X credits. Its differentiated thin-film supply chain also gives it strategic value in a policy environment increasingly focused on domestic manufacturing and independence from Chinese crystalline-silicon supply chains.

The debate is less about whether Q2 revenue will be $1.03 billion or $1.09 billion and more about the quality and durability of post-2026 earnings. The current year’s adjusted EBITDA is unusually dependent on 45X, while the company is absorbing significant tariff, warehousing and international underutilization costs. The bull case requires those temporary costs to normalize as South Carolina ramps, CuRe adjusters enter revenue and policy supports stronger bookings.

Accordingly, the best signal tomorrow would be a report showing both near-term execution and long-term commercial momentum: in-range or better EBITDA, a clean reaffirmation, strong booking prices and credible progress toward using the company’s international assets more profitably. Without that, even a conventional earnings beat may not be enough.