&textHeading=<p align = "center"><b>Shabbos in the Ten Commandments</b></p>

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&textHeading=Welcoming Shabbos
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---- Scene 1 Summary----

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&text101=Hey! We're at the <font color="#FF6600"><b>Kotel</b></font>, or the Western Wall, which is in Jerusalem, Israel. This wall is the only part of the Temple that we have left. But Zachor, why are we at this holy site?
&text102=We're here to learn from the people at the Kotel about<font color="#FF6600"> <b>Lecha Dodi</b></font>, the song we sing on a Friday night to welcome Shabbos. It's sung in every shul <b>all over the world</b>!<br><br>We'll find out where each person is from, visit their country and collect postcards. Let's start by asking this man where he's from. Click him.
&text103=Wow! So many people have arrived at the Kotel!<br><br>Click someone to see where they come from and how their community sings <font color="#FF6600"><b>Lecha Dodi</b></font>.
&text104=Click someone here at the Kotel to see where they come from and how their community sings <font color="#FF6600"><b>Lecha Dodi</b></font>.<br><br>You can also click the <b>See postcards</b> button below to see all the postcards you have collected.
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&text106=This module is dedicated in loving memory of <b>Alchonon Leib ben Ze'ev David<br>(Lionel Freinkel)</b> z"l.<br>May his memory be a blessing.
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---- Scene 2 Safed, Israel----

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&text201=I'm from Safed in Israel. The song<br><font color="#FF6600"><b>Lecha Dodi</b></font> was written here in Safed by Rabbi Shlomo Halevi Alkabetz nearly <br><b>500 years ago</b>. <br><br>Every Friday night, Rabbi Alkabetz and other rabbis would sing <font color="#FF6600"><b>Lecha Dodi</b></font> and dance out of the shul to welcome Shabbat, waiting for the sun to set over the mountain you see here - a sure sign that the holy Shabbat had arrived!
&text202=All around the world, when the words <font color="#FF6600"><b>bo'i kalla</b></font> in the last verse are sung, the congregation turns around to face the door of the shul, as if to greet the Shabbat Bride.<br><br>Only here, in Safed, overlooking this valley, we don't do this - because the song was written right here!
&text203=There are many shuls in Safed, each with its own legends. 
Here you see the <b>Abuhav Shul</b>, named after Rabbi Abuhav, a famous Spanish rabbi. Some people believe that the shul was built in Spain, and after the Jews were expelled from there, it miraculously moved to Safed <b>overnight</b>!
&text204=<b>Lecha Dodi</b> sung by Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach of blessed memory.
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---- Scene 3 Morocco----

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&text301=I am from Casablanca in <b>Morocco</b>.<br>Jews have lived in Morocco since the year 70, when the Romans destroyed the Second Temple in Jerusalem.<br><br>Several thousand Jews still live in Morocco, but in Israel today, there are nearly a <b>million</b> Jews who came from Morocco!
&text302=Did you know that by the early<br>19th century, there were already over<br><b>2000 tunes</b> for <font color="#FF6600"><b>Lecha Dodi</b></font>?<br><br>Imagine how many tunes there are today!
&text303=The Sa'adan Shul is in Fes, Morocco.<br><br>Moroccans pray according to the Sephardic tradition. Men and women are in separate areas, and the entire service is in Hebrew. 
&text304=<b>Shabbat Medley</b> from the CD "<b>Zohar</b>", courtesy of Uri Caine and Aaron Bensousan, <font color="#003366"><a href="http://www.uricaine.com" target="_blank"><b>www.uricaine.com</b></a></font>.
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---- Scene 4 USA----

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&text401=Greetings from Los Angeles! Jews first arrived in the United States in the <br><b>17th century</b>, mainly from Spain and Portugal. Many Jews arrived in the early 1880s, because they were persecuted in parts of Eastern Europe.<br><br>Today, the United States is home to over 5 million Jews, the <b>second largest Jewish community in the world</b>, after Israel.
&text402=<font color="#FF6600"><b>Lecha Dodi</b></font> means "<b>Let's go, my beloved</b>". It is a request from a mysterious "beloved" that could either mean G-d or one's friend to join in welcoming the Shabbos.
&text403=The Breed St. Shul in Southern California was, from 1915 to 1951, the <b>largest Jewish Orthodox</b> shul in the western United States, and is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.
&text404=<b>Lecha Dodi</b>, courtesy of Craig Taubman, from the CD <b>"Friday Night Live"</b>, <br>(c) Sweet Louise Music BMI.
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---- Scene 5 South Africa----

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&text501=Howzit! I am from Cape Town, South Africa. The first Jews arrived with the Portuguese explorers as early as 1488! However, most South African Jews have roots in Lithuania.<br><br>Today, there are about <b>70 thousand</b> Jews in South Africa.
&text502=Did you know? If you look at the first Hebrew letter on the first eight stanzas of <font color="#FF6600"><b>Lecha Dodi</b></font>, it spells out <b>Shlomo Halevi</b>, the author's name:<br>Rabbi Shlomo Halevi Alkabetz.
&text503=Gardens Shul, in Cape Town, was the first congregation in South Africa. It was built in 1841.<br><br>It is called the Gardens Shul because it is in the grounds of the <b>Cape Town Botanical Gardens</b>.
&text504=<b>Lecha Dodi</b>, courtesy of Oshy Tugendhaft and The Sydenham Choir from the CD <b>"Celebration! Triumph of a nation"</b>.
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---- Scene 6 Australia----

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&text601=G'day! The first Jews arrived in Australia in 1788 when at least 8 Jewish convicts were taken from the prisons of London!<br><br>In 1828 free English Jewish settlers arrived and were followed by waves of Jewish immigrants from Russia and Poland. Many Jewish refugees from Nazi Europe also came to Australia.<br><br>Today there are about 120 000 Jews in Australia.
&text602=Only the <b>first two</b> and <b>last</b> stanzas of <font color="#FF6600"><b>Lecha Dodi</b></font> are on the theme of Shabbos. The other stanzas are about Jews longing for Jerusalem to be rebuilt and for the <font color="#FF6600"><b>Mashiach</b></font> (Messiah) to come. 
&text603=The Great Shul in Sydney, Australia, serves more than 850 families.<br><br>Some families can trace their ancestry back to the founders of The Great Shul in the 1850's, while other families have just arrived in Australia from <br>South Africa, Israel or elsewhere.
&text604=<b>Lecha Dodi</b> courtesy of Chazzan David Hilton of The Great Shul, Sydney, Australia.
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---- Scene 7 India----

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&text701=Each Jewish community in India has different origins - some arrived during the time of the <b>Kingdom of Judah</b>, others may be descendants of <b>Israel's Ten Lost Tribes</b>.<br><br>It is not clear when the Cochin Jews arrived. In the 1940s they numbered 3000 people! Today there are about 50 practicing Cochin Jews left in India and about 8000 in Israel.
&text702=The first two lines <br><font color="#FF6600">Lecha dodi likrat kallah,<br>p'nei Shabbat n'kab'la</b></font> <br>are sung <b>twice</b> at the beginning, and repeated <b>after each stanza</b>. 
&text703=There are 33 shuls in India, although many are no longer used. You are looking at the <b>Paradesi Shul</b> in Cochin,<br>or Kochi.<br><br>Cochin shuls are unique that they have <b>two bimahs</b>. The main bimah is on the main level where the men sit. The second, used during holidays and special events, is next to where the women sit.
&text704=<b>Lecha Dodi</b> courtesy of "Tzlilei Raj".
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---- Scene 8 Brazil----

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&text801=Welcome to Brazil! When the <b>Inquisition</b> in Portugal took hold in 1497, the Jews fled to places throughout the world, including Brazil. The first Jew landed in Brazil in 1500, at the time of the <b>voyages of Christopher Columbus</b>.  <br><br>The Jewish population today in Brazil is about 150 000. 
&text802=Did you know that mourners who are <b>sitting shiva</b> do not come into the Friday night service until <font color="#FF6600"><br><b>Lecha Dodi</b></font> has been sung?
&text803=In 1636, the Jews built the Kahal Zur shul in the city of Recife. It had a cantor and a rabbi, who were sent to Recife in 1642, and served a community of about  1 450 Jews.<br><br>In 1655, the Portuguese closed this shul. The shul was restored and <br>re-opened in 2002. It now stands as the <b>oldest existing shul in the Americas</b>.
&text804=<b>Lecha Dodi</b> from the CD "<b>Shira Jadasha</b>", courtesy of Ari Litvak, <font color="#003366"><a href="http://www.arilitvak.com" target="_blank"><b>www.arilitvak.com</b></a></font>.
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---- Scene 9 Iraq ----

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&text901=Iraq was once called Babylon. After the Second Temple was destroyed in 70 CE, Babylon became the spiritual centre of the Jewish world.<br><br>About 900 years ago, explorer Benjamin of Tudela told of 40 000 Jews in Baghdad, with 28 shuls and <br>10 Torah academies.<br><br>By 1948, there were 60 shuls in Baghdad! Between 1950 and 1952, over 120 000 Iraqi Jews moved to Israel.
&text902=<font color="#FF6600"><b>Lecha Dodi</b></font> is always sung in full.<br><br>For the last stanza, the congregation rises and faces the door for <br><font color="#FF6600">"Bo'i v'shalom ateret ba'ala . . ."</font><br><br>For the last <b>four words</b>, <br><font color="#FF6600">"Bo'i chala, bo'i chala"</font><br>everyone bows towards the door and then turns and bows towards the <br><font color="#FF6600">aron kodesh</font> or holy ark.
&text903=The Great Shul of Baghdad stands on the site of a shul built by a king who was exiled from Israel to Babylon <b>two and a half thousand years</b> ago.<br><br>Legend has it that the material gathered from the ruins of the Temple in Jerusalem was used to build it! The building is now a museum.<br><br>In 1900, The Great Shul housed over 70 gold and silver-encased Torah scrolls.
&text904=<b>Lecha Dodi</b> courtesy of David D'Or<br><font color="#003366"><a href="http://www.daviddor.com" target="_blank"><b>www.daviddor.com</b></a></font>.
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---- Scene 10 Russia ----

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&text1001=Welcome to Russia! Jews first came to Russia when the First Temple was destroyed 2500 years ago. Between 1880 and 1920 about two million Jews left Russia, mainly for America.<br><br>Today, the largest number of Russian Jews now live in Israel, not in Russia.
&text1002=<font color="#FF6600"><b>Lecha Dodi</b></font> has been described as perhaps one of the best religious poetry ever written.
&text1003=The Grand Choral Shul of Saint Petersburg is the second largest shul in Europe. It was built between 1880 and 1888.<br><br>Between 2000 and 2005 the shul was reconstructed and was renamed <b>The Edmond J Safra Grand Choral Shul</b>.
&text1004=<b>Lecha Dodi</b> sung by the Marina Roscha Synagogue Choir, courtesy of Chabad.
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---- Scene 11 France ----

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&text1101=Bon jour! Welcome to France! Jews first came to France over 2000 years ago. Today there are around 600 000 Jews living in France, which is the biggest population of Jews in Europe.<br><br>The most famous Jewish neighbourhood in Paris is known as the <b>Pletzl</b>, which is Yiddish for <b>little place</b>.
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&text1103=Agudath Ha Kehilot, the largest Pletzl, was opened in 1914. On Yom Kippur 1940 the Germans dynamited the shul. It has since been restored and is a national monument.
&text1104=<font color="#003366"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cLexw9pma_A" target="_blank"><b>Lekha Dodi</b></a></font> from the CD "<font color="#003366"><a href="http://www.pleiade.com/jb/" target="_blank"><b>Lo Tedaa Milhama</b></a></font>" by Itshak Jacques Bensoussan.
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-----------Conclusion----------------
&text1200=You've seen where everyone comes from, and heard how they sing <font color="#FF6600"><b>Lecha Dodi</b></font>.<br><br>Now click the <b>See postcards</b> button to summarise where you've been.
&text1201=Safed, Israel
&text1202=Fes, Morocco
&text1203=Los Angeles, USA
&text1204=Cape Town, South Africa
&text1205=Sydney, Australia
&text1206=Cochin, India
&text1207=Recife, Brazil
&text1208=Baghdad, Iraq
&text1209=Saint Petersburg, Russia
&text1210=Paris, France
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