In vertebrates, Pdx1 is necessary for pancreatic development, including -cell maturation, and duodenal differentiation. In humans this protein is encoded by the PDX1 gene, which was formerly known as IPF1.
PDX1 is mainly expressed and functions in islet cells in adults. However, aberrant elevated PDX1 expression in pancreatic cancer and neuroendocrine tumors, including insulinoma, strongly suggested that PDX1 as a fundamental transcriptional factor for pancreas development...
Although PDX1 is predominantly expressed in -cells and.expression of pancreatic genes including PDX1 (Hebrok et al., 1998). Moreover, RA signaling at this stage induces several.
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Furthermore, exogenous PDX-1 expression during in vitro differentiation of embryonic cells clearly enhanced the expression of INSULIN. Based on those facts, the transfection of adult stem cells with vectors carrying the PDX-1 gene has been used to obtain IPCs (17, 19, 33-35), including...
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in cells leads to overt diabetes, whereas knocking-down of PDX1 expression results in decreased insulin secretion in mice (4). PDX1 mutant zebrafish also exhibit several key diabetic features including reduced cell mass, decreased insulin and elevated glucose levels.
The ductal expression of PDX-1 in two distinct models of pancreatic regeneration and new islet formation is striking and suggests that PDX-1 serves a central and critical function in the dierentiation of endocrine cells, during both ontogeny and regeneration.
