The provided medical publications do not contain the latest estimates of the economic burden of treating ocular inflammation specifically in the USA and Europe.

However, there is information related to the economic burden of other eye conditions:

1. Open-Angle Glaucoma (OAG) and Ocular Hypertension (OHT):

• A study from 2020 provides updated estimates of the clinical and economic burden of OAG and OHT in the United States. It found that OAG patients had higher eye-related outpatient costs than OHT patients (median $516 vs. $344, respectively). Costs also increased with disease severity, with severe OAG having the highest costs (median $639). Disease worsening was associated with at least a two-fold increase in annual eye-related outpatient costs.

2. Other Eye-Related Studies:

While the provided abstracts discuss the economic burden of various diseases, none specifically address ocular inflammation. The studies cover conditions such as:

• Huntington's Disease: This study estimated the annual direct medical, non-medical, and indirect costs associated with HD in five European countries and the USA. Costs increased with disease progression.
• Periodontal Disease: This study estimated the direct and indirect economic burdens of periodontal disease in the US and Europe in 2018, finding a significant burden driven by indirect costs.

In summary, while the provided publications offer insights into the economic burden of several diseases, including some eye conditions, they do not provide specific data on ocular inflammation.

Prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspension is primarily used for treating ocular inflammation, but several studies have explored its use in combination with other medications or in specific situations. Here's a summary of some of these trials:

• Prevention of Infection: One study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a combination of prednisolone acetate 1% and gentamicin 0.3% ophthalmic suspension to control inflammation and prevent infection after cataract surgery. The medication was instilled four times a day for 21 days, and the results suggested that this combination was safe and effective.

• Management of Postoperative Inflammation and Pain: A study compared difluprednate 0.05% versus prednisolone acetate 1% for managing postoperative inflammation and pain after cataract surgery. Patients instilled a drop four times a day for 14 days, followed by a tapering dose for another 14 days. The results suggested that both treatments were equally effective and safe.

• Comparison of Prednisolone Formulations: A study compared two topical steroid prednisolone preparations (Econopred Plus 1% and Pred Forte 1%) in reducing postoperative inflammation in cataract patients. Both medications were dosed four times per day for 14 days, then twice daily. The study found that both formulations had similar efficacy.

• Treatment of Acute Anterior Uveitis: Two studies compared loteprednol etabonate 0.5% with prednisolone acetate 1% in reducing ocular signs and symptoms associated with acute anterior uveitis. The first study involved up to 42 days of treatment, starting with a dose eight times per day. The second study involved up to 28 days of treatment, starting with a dose 16 times per day. While both treatments reduced signs and symptoms, prednisolone acetate was found to be more effective.

• Combination Therapy after Cataract Surgery: A study evaluated the efficacy of a combined steroid/antibiotic/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drop (prednisolone acetate 1%, gatifloxacin 0.5%, and bromfenac sodium 0.075%) relative to a regimen of multiple drops after cataract surgery. The combination drop showed similar efficacy and was preferred by subjects.

• Blood-Aqueous Barrier Effects: A study compared the effects of dexamethasone 0.1% and prednisolone acetate 1% eye drops on the blood-aqueous barrier after phacoemulsification and posterior chamber lens implantation. Patients received one of the preparations topically five times daily for 5 days. The study found no significant difference in efficacy between the two drugs.

• Treatment of Anterior Uveitis: A study compared the efficacy and safety of rimexolone 1% versus prednisolone acetate 1% ophthalmic suspension in the treatment of anterior uveitis. The treatment regimen involved various dosing frequencies over a 4-week period. The results showed that rimexolone was as effective and safer than prednisolone acetate.

• Reduction of IOP in Steroid Responders: A study described a clinically observed reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP) in known "steroid responders" using loteprednol etabonate 0.5% ophthalmic suspension as second-line rescue therapy after corneal transplantation. Prednisolone acetate 1.0% was withdrawn because of a secondary increase in IOP. Switching to loteprednol etabonate successfully reduced IOP without increasing the risk of allograft rejection.

• Aqueocentesis-Induced Breakdown of Blood-Aqueous Barrier: A study compared the efficacy of difluprednate 0.05% and prednisolone acetate 1% for controlling aqueocentesis-induced breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier in healthy dogs. Eye drops were administered for 5 days, and aqueocentesis was performed on the third day. All treatments were effective in reducing anterior uveitis.

These trials employed various intervention models, including randomized controlled trials, double-masked studies, and comparative case series. The specific interventions varied depending on the study's objective, but they generally involved comparing prednisolone acetate to other medications or evaluating its efficacy in combination therapies.