Plaster walls offer a timeless aesthetic, characterized by their smooth, hard surface and distinct character. However, their brittleness and porosity can present challenges when it comes to updating a room's look. Whether you are dealing with the natural aging of the material, water damage, or simply a desire for a new design, covering plaster is a practical solution that preserves the original structure while providing a fresh canvas.
Understanding the Plaster Substrate
Before applying any new surface, it is crucial to assess the condition of the plaster itself. Plaster applied directly to lath—strips of wood nailed to the wall studs—creates a tight bond that is excellent for hanging pictures but difficult to patch. If the plaster is loose, crumbling, or separating from the lath, these areas must be repaired or reinforced with bonding agents to ensure the stability of the new covering. Unlike drywall, plaster does not dent easily, but it can crack, requiring careful filling and taping to achieve a seamless finish.
Hanging Drywall Over Plaster
One of the most common and effective methods for covering plaster is installing new drywall directly over the existing surface. This approach saves time by eliminating the hazardous task of removing old plaster and reduces dust significantly. To ensure a flat surface, you will need to use furring strips—typically 1x2 lumber—attached to the plaster with screws or nails. These strips create an even raster, allowing you to secure the drywall firmly without relying on the uneven original surface.
Tools and Materials for Drywall Application
- Furring strips (1x2 or 2x2 lumber)
- Construction adhesive and screws
- Durable drywall sheets
- Joint compound and mesh tape
- Sanding tools and primers
Once the drywall is screwed into the furring strips, the seams must be treated with joint compound and drywall tape to create a uniform texture. Sanding these joints smooth is essential before applying a final coat of paint or wallpaper to blend the new layer with the old.
Installing Wood Paneling for Character
If you are aiming to infuse warmth and rustic charm into a room, wood paneling serves as an excellent cover for plaster. Solid wood or high-quality veneer sheets can be installed over the plaster, effectively hiding cracks and imperfections. This method adds texture and depth, transforming a sterile wall into a feature wall that enhances the room's architectural identity.
Installation Techniques
To install wood paneling, you should first attach horizontal furring strips to the wall, ensuring they are level. The paneling is then secured to these strips, allowing for expansion and contraction of the wood. It is vital to leave a small gap between the bottom of the paneling and the floor to accommodate movement and facilitate baseboard installation. This technique not only covers the plaster but also contributes to the thermal insulation of the room.
Applying Venetian Plaster and Decorative Finishes
For those seeking a more luxurious finish, applying a decorative plaster such as Venetian plaster is a sophisticated way to cover existing walls. This technique involves layering tinted plasters and polishing them to achieve a marble-like appearance. Because the product is applied directly to the existing surface, it requires the plaster to be in good condition and smooth.
Surface Preparation for Decorative Plasters
Unlike paint, Venetian plaster demands a perfectly sealed substrate. You may need to apply a base coat of high-quality drywall mud or a polymer-modified plaster to create a consistent surface. The finish is then burnished with a steel trowel, resulting in a hard, stone-like finish that is both durable and visually striking. This method is ideal for living rooms or bedrooms where a high-gloss, elegant aesthetic is desired.
Utilizing Wallcoverings and Textured SolutionsWallpaper and large-scale murals remain one of the easiest ways to cover plaster walls without engaging in major construction. Modern wallpapers are designed to adhere well to slightly uneven surfaces, and many feature reinforced backings that prevent tearing. If the plaster texture is too pronounced for smooth application, lightly sanding the surface or applying a primer specifically designed for texture can help the paper lie flat.
Textured Covers and Fabric Options
Textured wall coverings, such as grasscloth or textured vinyl, are particularly effective at disguising minor imperfections. Alternatively, fabric wall panels provide an acoustic benefit while hiding the plaster beneath. These solutions are ideal for renters or individuals looking for a temporary update, as they can often be removed without damaging the underlying surface, provided the plaster is stable.
