Cedar Tree: Hardwood or Softwood?
When discussing the classification of wood, the terms "hardwood" and "softwood" often come up. These terms refer to the type of tree the wood comes from, rather than its actual hardness. So, the question "Is cedar tree a hardwood?" might seem straightforward, but it's actually a bit more complex.
Understanding Hardwood and Softwood
Hardwood and softwood are not determined by the density or hardness of the wood, but by the way the tree reproduces and the type of seeds it produces. Hardwood trees are deciduous, meaning they shed their leaves annually. They also produce seeds with a hard outer coating. Softwood trees, on the other hand, are evergreen and produce seeds with a thin, papery coating.
Cedar Trees: Evergreen and Resinous
Cedar trees are evergreen conifers, which means they retain their leaves year-round and produce cones. This places them in the softwood category. However, cedar wood is known for its durability, resistance to decay, and pleasant scent, which can make it seem like a hardwood. The confusion likely arises because cedar wood is often used in applications typically reserved for hardwoods, such as furniture and flooring.
Cedar Wood Properties
Cedar wood is indeed harder than many softwoods, with a Janka hardness rating of around 900 lbf (pounds-force), which is comparable to some hardwoods like maple. Its natural resistance to decay and insects also makes it a popular choice for outdoor applications, further blurring the line between hardwood and softwood.
Cedar Wood Uses
Despite being a softwood, cedar wood is used in a wide variety of applications due to its unique properties. It's commonly used in outdoor structures like decks, fences, and siding, as well as in indoor applications like flooring, furniture, and paneling. Its natural oils make it resistant to rot, decay, and insect damage, making it a long-lasting and durable choice.
Cedar Tree Species
There are several species of cedar trees, including the Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata), Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana), and the Incense Cedar (Calocedrus decurrens). Each species has its own unique characteristics and uses, but they are all evergreen conifers, placing them in the softwood category.
Cedar Wood vs Hardwood: A Comparison
| Property | Cedar Wood | Hardwood |
|---|---|---|
| Tree Type | Evergreen Conifer | Deciduous |
| Seed Type | Thin, papery coating | Hard outer coating |
| Janka Hardness (lbf) | 900 | 1000 - 3000+ |
| Decay Resistance | High | Variable |
Conclusion
While cedar wood shares some properties with hardwoods, such as durability and hardness, cedar trees are technically softwoods due to their evergreen nature and type of seeds. The unique properties of cedar wood make it a versatile and valuable resource, regardless of its classification. Understanding the differences between hardwood and softwood can help you make informed decisions when selecting wood for your projects.