During 是介系詞,後面通常接名詞或名詞片語;While 是連接詞,後面通常接主詞+動詞構成的完整子句。
I took notes during the meeting.
(我在會議期間做筆記。)
I took notes while the manager was speaking.
(經理說話時,我做筆記。)
During 後面通常接名詞或名詞片語,例如 during the meeting、during lunch、during the summer。
We talked during lunch.
(我們在午餐期間交談。)
While 後面通常接主詞+動詞構成的完整子句。
She checked her phone while she was waiting.
(她等待時查看手機。)
不可以直接接完整子句。像 during I was studying 這種結構不正確,應改成 While + 子句,或把後面改寫成名詞片語。
While I was studying, my phone rang.
(我讀書時,手機響了。)
不一定。While 的重點是後面形成完整子句,是否使用進行式要依句子的時間關係決定。
He took notes while the teacher explained the lesson.
(老師講解課程時,他做筆記。)
可以,但通常屬於完整子句的省略形式,而且省略後的動作執行者要與主要子句主詞一致。
While waiting for the bus, I checked my email.
(等公車時,我查看了電子郵件。)
不能直接只替換單字。兩者即使表達相近的時間情境,也必須依照各自的詞性調整後面的句型結構。
during the meeting
(會議期間)
while we were having the meeting
(我們開會時)
During 用來表示某件事情發生在哪一段期間內;For 則表示動作或狀態持續多久。
We talked during the meeting.
(我們在會議期間交談。)
We talked for an hour.
(我們交談了一個小時。)