During、While 常見問題

During 是介系詞,後面通常接名詞或名詞片語;While 是連接詞,後面通常接主詞+動詞構成的完整子句。

I took notes during the meeting.
(我在會議期間做筆記。)

I took notes while the manager was speaking.
(經理說話時,我做筆記。)

During 後面通常接名詞或名詞片語,例如 during the meeting、during lunch、during the summer。

We talked during lunch.
(我們在午餐期間交談。)

While 後面通常接主詞+動詞構成的完整子句。

She checked her phone while she was waiting.
(她等待時查看手機。)

不可以直接接完整子句。像 during I was studying 這種結構不正確,應改成 While + 子句,或把後面改寫成名詞片語。

While I was studying, my phone rang.
(我讀書時,手機響了。)

不一定。While 的重點是後面形成完整子句,是否使用進行式要依句子的時間關係決定。

He took notes while the teacher explained the lesson.
(老師講解課程時,他做筆記。)

可以,但通常屬於完整子句的省略形式,而且省略後的動作執行者要與主要子句主詞一致。

While waiting for the bus, I checked my email.
(等公車時,我查看了電子郵件。)

不能直接只替換單字。兩者即使表達相近的時間情境,也必須依照各自的詞性調整後面的句型結構。

during the meeting
(會議期間)

while we were having the meeting
(我們開會時)

During 用來表示某件事情發生在哪一段期間內;For 則表示動作或狀態持續多久。

We talked during the meeting.
(我們在會議期間交談。)

We talked for an hour.
(我們交談了一個小時。)