Trained immunity
The innate immune system is able to build memory -like features in response to certain infections or vaccines , resulting in enhanced responsiveness upon (re)challenge with the same or an unrelated pathogen, a phenomenon termed 'trained immunity' . Compared with antigen-dependent adaptive immune responses triggered by classical vaccines against specific pathogens, trained immunity-related ...
Athanasios Ziogas1,* and Mihai G. Netea1,2 The innate immune system is able to build memory -like features in response to certain infections or vaccines , resulting in enhanced responsiveness upon (re) challenge with the same or an unrelated pathogen, a phenomenon termed 'trained immunity '. Compared with antigen-dependent adaptive immune re-sponses triggered by classical vaccines against ...
Trained immunity
Our review synthesizes insights from immunology and epidemiology, focusing on the concept of trained immunity (TRIM) and the non-specific effects (NSEs) of vaccines that confer heterologous protection. We elucidate the mechanisms driving TRIM, emphasizing its regulation through metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming in innate immune cells.
Innate immune memory responses Abstract Immune memory has long been considered a function specific to adaptive immune systems; however, adaptive immune memory alone has not fully explained the mechanism by which vaccines exert their protective effects against nontarget pathogens. Recently, trained immunity , in which human monocytes vaccinated with bacillus Calmette-Guérin become highly ...
Useful Notes on Trained Immunity Related Vaccines Innate Immune Memory
Trained immunity is defined as a type of memory of the innate immune system by which innate immune cells undergo a long-term adaptation, largely dependent on persistent epigenetic modifications and metabolic reprogramming of these cells (1). Myeloid cells can be trained with a variety of stimuli ...
The articles in this focus issue discuss progress towards a more complete understanding of memory in the innate immune system, and efforts to exploit " trained immunity " for the development of new vaccines and therapeutics.
Innate immune memory, trained immunity and nomenclature clarification ...
Precise immunological nomenclature has always been a formidable challenge, given the complexity and plasticity of the immune response 5, and this is particularly true for a newly emerged area of ...
Hematopoietic progenitors in the bone marrow and peripheral innate immune cells can undergo epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming, establishing an innate immune memory known as trained immunity .
Trained immunity
Termed " trained immunity ," the property allows macrophages, monocytes, and natural killer cells to show enhanced responsiveness when they reencounter pathogens. Epigenetic changes largely drive trained immunity , which is shorter lived and less specific than classical memory but probably still gives us a leg up during many infections.
The mechanisms underlying innate immune memory have been extensively explored in the last decades but are in fact largely unknown. Although the specificity of adaptive immune memory in vertebrates is ensured through the recombination of immunoglobulin family genes and clonal expansion, the basic mechanisms of innate immune cells' nonspecific increased responsiveness rely on epigenetic ...