Transthoracic Echocardiography Tomographic Views
The parasternal window provides the parasternal long-axis , right ventricular (RV) inflow and outflow, and short- axis views. The parasternal long-axis (PLAX) view is typically the first image acquired in a transthoracic study ( Fig. 9.1 ).
This document describes various echocardiography views used to image heart structures. It discusses tomographic views such as parasternal , apical, subcostal, and suprasternal. Specific views are then outlined including long axis , short axis , 4-chamber, and 5-chamber views. Details are provided on obtaining and interpreting the parasternal long axis , parasternal short axis at various levels ...
Parasternal long axis view (PLAX)
How to acquire it? The parasternal long axis (PLAX) view is usually the first view used at the beginning of the examination. The patient is positioned in the left lateral decubitus position, lying on his left with his arm tucked under his head. Place the transducer in the 3rd or 4th intercostal space at the left parasternal border. The index marker should be pointing to the patient's right ...
The most anterior structure is the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). The left ventricle (LV), left atrium (LA) and descending aorta are visible below. An ideal PLAX view doesn't show the LV apex and the LV wall are almost horizontal. Also seen are the anterior and posterior mitral valve leaflets (AML, PML), aortic valve (AV) and descending aorta (DA).
41 echocardiography views (Images & Videos)
PLAX ( Parasternal long axis ) LV - Left ventricle, RV - Right ventricle, AV - Aortic valve, LA - Left atrium, LVOT - Left ventricular outflow tract, IVS - Interventricular septum, MV - Mitral valve Video
Cardiac Ultrasound Views/Echocardiography Protocol The 5 main/basic cardiac ultrasound views (Cardiac Windows) of the heart are the Parasternal Long Axis , Parasternal Short Axis , Apical 4 Chamber, Subxiphoid (Subcostal), and IVC Views. Step 1: Parasternal Long Axis (PSLA) View The Parasternal Long Axis View is often abbreviated as PSLA or PLAX.
Echo basics
Anderson, B. Echocardiography: The Normal Examination and Echocardiographic Measurements 2006 (2e). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell. Wharton G, Steeds R et al. A minimum dataset for a standard adult transthoracic echocardiogram: a guideline protocol from the British Society of Echocardiography. Echo Res Pract. 2015 Mar 1;2 (1):G9-G24.
The two dimensions presented are width (x axis ) and depth (y axis ). The standard ultrasound transducer for 2D echocardiography is the phased array transducer, which creates a sector shaped ultrasound field (Figur 1). Figure 1. Two-dimensional echocardiogram. This view is called parasternal long axis view (PLAX).
Standard Transthoracic Echocardiogram
The standard transthoracic echocardiographic examination This chapter presents a sequential series of images that comprise a complete standard echocardiographic examination. The image views are discussed…
Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) can provide a comprehensive assessment of the anatomy, function, and hemodynamics. However, it is an operator-dependent technique and requires expertise in image acquisition and interpretation. In this chapter, we will review the basic principles of TTE and explain how to perform Adult TTE and obtain standard windows and views, what are the expected normal ...