/* NDS32-specific support for 32-bit ELF.

   Copyright (C) 2012-2026 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   Contributed by Andes Technology Corporation.

   This file is part of BFD, the Binary File Descriptor library.

   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or

   (at your option) any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the

   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software

   Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA

   02110-1301, USA.  */

#include "sysdep.h"

#include "bfd.h"

#include "bfdlink.h"

#include "libbfd.h"

#include "elf-bfd.h"

#include "libiberty.h"

#include "elf/nds32.h"

#include "opcode/nds32.h"

#include "elf32-nds32.h"

#include "opcode/cgen.h"

#include "../opcodes/nds32-opc.h"

/* All users of this file have bfd_octets_per_byte (abfd, sec) == 1.  */

#define OCTETS_PER_BYTE(ABFD, SEC) 1

/* Relocation HOWTO functions.  */

static bfd_reloc_status_type nds32_elf_ignore_reloc

  (bfd *, arelent *, asymbol *, void *, asection *, bfd *, char **);

static bfd_reloc_status_type nds32_elf_9_pcrel_reloc

  (bfd *, arelent *, asymbol *, void *, asection *, bfd *, char **);

static bfd_reloc_status_type nds32_elf_hi20_reloc

  (bfd *, arelent *, asymbol *, void *,

   asection *, bfd *, char **);

static bfd_reloc_status_type nds32_elf_lo12_reloc

  (bfd *, arelent *, asymbol *, void *,

   asection *, bfd *, char **);

static bfd_reloc_status_type nds32_elf_generic_reloc

  (bfd *, arelent *, asymbol *, void *,

   asection *, bfd *, char **);

static bfd_reloc_status_type nds32_elf_sda15_reloc

  (bfd *, arelent *, asymbol *, void *,

   asection *, bfd *, char **);

/* Helper functions for HOWTO.  */

static bfd_reloc_status_type nds32_elf_do_9_pcrel_reloc

  (bfd *, reloc_howto_type *, asection *, bfd_byte *, bfd_vma,

   asection *, bfd_vma, bfd_vma);

/* Nds32 helper functions.  */

static bfd_vma calculate_memory_address

  (bfd *, Elf_Internal_Rela *, Elf_Internal_Sym *, Elf_Internal_Shdr *);

static int nds32_get_section_contents (bfd *, asection *,

               bfd_byte **, bool);

static int nds32_get_local_syms (bfd *, asection *ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,

         Elf_Internal_Sym **);

static bool  nds32_relax_fp_as_gp

  (struct bfd_link_info *link_info, bfd *abfd, asection *sec,

   Elf_Internal_Rela *internal_relocs, Elf_Internal_Rela *irelend,

   Elf_Internal_Sym *isymbuf);

static bool nds32_fag_remove_unused_fpbase

  (bfd *abfd, asection *sec, Elf_Internal_Rela *internal_relocs,

   Elf_Internal_Rela *irelend);

enum

{

  MACH_V1 = bfd_mach_n1h,

  MACH_V2 = bfd_mach_n1h_v2,

  MACH_V3 = bfd_mach_n1h_v3,

  MACH_V3M = bfd_mach_n1h_v3m

};

#define MIN(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (b) : (a))

#define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))

/* The name of the dynamic interpreter.  This is put in the .interp

   section.  */

#define ELF_DYNAMIC_INTERPRETER "/usr/lib/ld.so.1"

#define NDS32_GUARD_SEC_P(flags) ((flags) & SEC_ALLOC \

          && (flags) & SEC_LOAD \

          && (flags) & SEC_READONLY)

/* The nop opcode we use.  */

#define NDS32_NOP32 0x40000009

#define NDS32_NOP16 0x9200

/* The size in bytes of an entry in the procedure linkage table.  */

#define PLT_ENTRY_SIZE 24

#define PLT_HEADER_SIZE 24

/* The first entry in a procedure linkage table are reserved,

   and the initial contents are unimportant (we zero them out).

   Subsequent entries look like this.  */

#define PLT0_ENTRY_WORD0  0x46f00000    /* sethi   r15, HI20(.got+4)    */

#define PLT0_ENTRY_WORD1  0x58f78000    /* ori     r15, r25, LO12(.got+4) */

#define PLT0_ENTRY_WORD2  0x05178000    /* lwi     r17, [r15+0]     */

#define PLT0_ENTRY_WORD3  0x04f78001    /* lwi     r15, [r15+4]     */

#define PLT0_ENTRY_WORD4  0x4a003c00    /* jr    r15        */

/* $ta is change to $r15 (from $r25).  */

#define PLT0_PIC_ENTRY_WORD0  0x46f00000  /* sethi   r15, HI20(got[1]@GOT)  */

#define PLT0_PIC_ENTRY_WORD1  0x58f78000  /* ori     r15, r15, LO12(got[1]@GOT) */

#define PLT0_PIC_ENTRY_WORD2  0x40f7f400  /* add     r15, gp, r15     */

#define PLT0_PIC_ENTRY_WORD3  0x05178000  /* lwi     r17, [r15+0]     */

#define PLT0_PIC_ENTRY_WORD4  0x04f78001  /* lwi     r15, [r15+4]     */

#define PLT0_PIC_ENTRY_WORD5  0x4a003c00  /* jr    r15        */

#define PLT_ENTRY_WORD0  0x46f00000    /* sethi   r15, HI20(&got[n+3])      */

#define PLT_ENTRY_WORD1  0x04f78000    /* lwi     r15, r15, LO12(&got[n+3]) */

#define PLT_ENTRY_WORD2  0x4a003c00    /* jr    r15           */

#define PLT_ENTRY_WORD3  0x45000000    /* movi    r16, sizeof(RELA) * n     */

#define PLT_ENTRY_WORD4  0x48000000    /* j    .plt0.         */

#define PLT_PIC_ENTRY_WORD0  0x46f00000    /* sethi  r15, HI20(got[n+3]@GOT)    */

#define PLT_PIC_ENTRY_WORD1  0x58f78000    /* ori    r15, r15,    LO12(got[n+3]@GOT) */

#define PLT_PIC_ENTRY_WORD2  0x38febc02    /* lw   r15, [gp+r15]        */

#define PLT_PIC_ENTRY_WORD3  0x4a003c00    /* jr   r15          */

#define PLT_PIC_ENTRY_WORD4  0x45000000    /* movi   r16, sizeof(RELA) * n      */

#define PLT_PIC_ENTRY_WORD5  0x48000000    /* j    .plt0          */

/* These are macros used to get the relocation accurate value.  */

#define ACCURATE_8BIT_S1  (0x100)

#define ACCURATE_U9BIT_S1 (0x400)

#define ACCURATE_12BIT_S1 (0x2000)

#define ACCURATE_14BIT_S1 (0x4000)

#define ACCURATE_19BIT    (0x40000)

/* These are macros used to get the relocation conservative value.  */

#define CONSERVATIVE_8BIT_S1  (0x100 - 4)

#define CONSERVATIVE_14BIT_S1 (0x4000 - 4)

#define CONSERVATIVE_16BIT_S1 (0x10000 - 4)

#define CONSERVATIVE_24BIT_S1 (0x1000000 - 4)

/* These must be more conservative because the address may be in

   different segment.  */

#define CONSERVATIVE_15BIT  (0x4000 - 0x1000)

#define CONSERVATIVE_15BIT_S1 (0x8000 - 0x1000)

#define CONSERVATIVE_15BIT_S2 (0x10000 - 0x1000)

#define CONSERVATIVE_19BIT  (0x40000 - 0x1000)

#define CONSERVATIVE_20BIT  (0x80000 - 0x1000)

/* Size of small data/bss sections, used to calculate SDA_BASE.  */

static long got_size = 0;

static int is_SDA_BASE_set = 0;

/* Convert ELF-VER in eflags to string for debugging purpose.  */

static const char *const nds32_elfver_strtab[] =

{

  "ELF-1.2",

  "ELF-1.3",

  "ELF-1.4",

};

/* The nds32 linker needs to keep track of the number of relocs that it

   decides to copy in check_relocs for each symbol.  This is so that

   it can discard PC relative relocs if it doesn't need them when

   linking with -Bsymbolic.  We store the information in a field

   extending the regular ELF linker hash table.  */

/* This structure keeps track of the number of PC relative relocs we

   have copied for a given symbol.  */

struct elf_nds32_pcrel_relocs_copied

{

  /* Next section.  */

  struct elf_nds32_pcrel_relocs_copied *next;

  /* A section in dynobj.  */

  asection *section;

  /* Number of relocs copied in this section.  */

  bfd_size_type count;

};

enum elf_nds32_tls_type

{

  GOT_UNKNOWN = (0),

  GOT_NORMAL = (1 << 0),

  GOT_TLS_LE = (1 << 1),

  GOT_TLS_IE = (1 << 2),

  GOT_TLS_IEGP = (1 << 3),

  GOT_TLS_LD = (1 << 4),

  GOT_TLS_GD = (1 << 5),

  GOT_TLS_DESC = (1 << 6),

};

/* Nds32 ELF linker hash entry.  */

struct elf_nds32_link_hash_entry

{

  struct elf_link_hash_entry root;

  /* For checking relocation type.  */

  enum elf_nds32_tls_type tls_type;

  int offset_to_gp;

};

/* Get the nds32 ELF linker hash table from a link_info structure.  */

#define FP_BASE_NAME "_FP_BASE_"

static int check_start_export_sym = 0;

/* The offset for executable tls relaxation.  */

#define TP_OFFSET 0x0

typedef struct

{

  int min_id;

  int max_id;

  int count;

  int bias;

  int init;

} elf32_nds32_relax_group_t;

struct elf_nds32_obj_tdata

{

  struct elf_obj_tdata root;

  /* tls_type for each local got entry.  */

  char *local_got_tls_type;

  /* GOTPLT entries for TLS descriptors.  */

  bfd_vma *local_tlsdesc_gotent;

  /* for R_NDS32_RELAX_GROUP handling.  */

  elf32_nds32_relax_group_t relax_group;

  unsigned int hdr_size;

  int* offset_to_gp;

};

#define elf_nds32_tdata(bfd) \

  ((struct elf_nds32_obj_tdata *) (bfd)->tdata.any)

#define elf32_nds32_local_got_tls_type(bfd) \

  (elf_nds32_tdata (bfd)->local_got_tls_type)

#define elf32_nds32_local_gp_offset(bfd) \

  (elf_nds32_tdata (bfd)->offset_to_gp)

#define elf32_nds32_hash_entry(ent) ((struct elf_nds32_link_hash_entry *)(ent))

#define elf32_nds32_relax_group_ptr(bfd) \

  &(elf_nds32_tdata (bfd)->relax_group)

static bool

nds32_elf_mkobject (bfd *abfd)

{

  return bfd_elf_allocate_object (abfd, sizeof (struct elf_nds32_obj_tdata));

}

/* Relocations used for relocation.  */

/* Define HOWTO2 (for relocation) and HOWTO3 (for relaxation) to

   initialize array nds32_elf_howto_table in any order. The benefit

   is that we can add any new relocations with any numbers and don't

   need to fill the gap by lots of EMPTY_HOWTO. */

#define HOWTO2(C, R, S, B, P, BI, O, SF, NAME, INPLACE, MASKSRC, MASKDST, PC) \

  [C] = HOWTO(C, R, S, B, P, BI, O, SF, NAME, INPLACE, MASKSRC, MASKDST, PC)

static reloc_howto_type nds32_elf_howto_table[] =

{

  /* This reloc does nothing.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_NONE,   /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   32,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_bitfield,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_NONE",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0,     /* src_mask  */

   0,     /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* A 16 bit absolute relocation.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_16,   /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   2,     /* size  */

   16,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_bitfield,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_generic_reloc,/* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_16",    /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0xffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* A 32 bit absolute relocation.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_32,   /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   32,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_bitfield,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_generic_reloc,/* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_32",    /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xffffffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0xffffffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* A 20 bit address.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_20,   /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   20,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_unsigned,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_generic_reloc,/* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_20",    /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xfffff,   /* src_mask  */

   0xfffff,   /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* An PC Relative 9-bit relocation, shifted by 2.

     This reloc is complicated because relocations are relative to pc & -4.

     i.e. branches in the right insn slot use the address of the left insn

     slot for pc.  */

  /* It's not clear whether this should have partial_inplace set or not.

     Branch relaxing in the assembler can store the addend in the insn,

     and if bfd_install_relocation gets called the addend may get added

     again.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_9_PCREL,  /* type  */

   1,     /* rightshift  */

   2,     /* size  */

   8,     /* bitsize  */

   true,      /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_9_pcrel_reloc,/* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_9_PCREL", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xff,      /* src_mask  */

   0xff,      /* dst_mask  */

   true),     /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* A relative 15 bit relocation, right shifted by 1.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_15_PCREL, /* type  */

   1,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   14,      /* bitsize  */

   true,      /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_15_PCREL",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x3fff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x3fff,    /* dst_mask  */

   true),     /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* A relative 17 bit relocation, right shifted by 1.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_17_PCREL, /* type  */

   1,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   16,      /* bitsize  */

   true,      /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_17_PCREL",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0xffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   true),     /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* A relative 25 bit relocation, right shifted by 1.  */

  /* It's not clear whether this should have partial_inplace set or not.

     Branch relaxing in the assembler can store the addend in the insn,

     and if bfd_install_relocation gets called the addend may get added

     again.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_25_PCREL, /* type  */

   1,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   24,      /* bitsize  */

   true,      /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_25_PCREL",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xffffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0xffffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   true),     /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* High 20 bits of address when lower 12 is or'd in.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_HI20,   /* type  */

   12,      /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   20,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_hi20_reloc,  /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_HI20",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x000fffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x000fffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Lower 12 bits of address.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_LO12S3, /* type  */

   3,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   9,     /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_lo12_reloc,  /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_LO12S3",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x000001ff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x000001ff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Lower 12 bits of address.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_LO12S2, /* type  */

   2,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   10,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_lo12_reloc,  /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_LO12S2",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x000003ff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x000003ff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Lower 12 bits of address.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_LO12S1, /* type  */

   1,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   11,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_lo12_reloc,  /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_LO12S1",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x000007ff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x000007ff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Lower 12 bits of address.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_LO12S0, /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   12,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_lo12_reloc,  /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_LO12S0",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x00000fff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x00000fff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Small data area 15 bits offset.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_SDA15S3,  /* type  */

   3,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   15,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_sda15_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_SDA15S3", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x00007fff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x00007fff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Small data area 15 bits offset.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_SDA15S2,  /* type  */

   2,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   15,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_sda15_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_SDA15S2", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x00007fff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x00007fff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Small data area 15 bits offset.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_SDA15S1,  /* type  */

   1,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   15,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_sda15_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_SDA15S1", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x00007fff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x00007fff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Small data area 15 bits offset.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_SDA15S0,  /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   15,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_sda15_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_SDA15S0", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x00007fff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x00007fff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* GNU extension to record C++ vtable hierarchy  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_GNU_VTINHERIT,/* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   0,     /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   NULL,      /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_GNU_VTINHERIT",/* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0,     /* src_mask  */

   0,     /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* GNU extension to record C++ vtable member usage  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_GNU_VTENTRY,  /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   0,     /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   _bfd_elf_rel_vtable_reloc_fn,/* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_GNU_VTENTRY", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0,     /* src_mask  */

   0,     /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* A 16 bit absolute relocation.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_16_RELA,  /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   2,     /* size  */

   16,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_bitfield,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_16_RELA", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0xffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* A 32 bit absolute relocation.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_32_RELA,  /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   32,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_bitfield,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_32_RELA", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xffffffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0xffffffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* A 20 bit address.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_20_RELA,  /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   20,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_20_RELA", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xfffff,   /* src_mask  */

   0xfffff,   /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_9_PCREL_RELA, /* type  */

   1,     /* rightshift  */

   2,     /* size  */

   8,     /* bitsize  */

   true,      /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_9_PCREL_RELA",/* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xff,      /* src_mask  */

   0xff,      /* dst_mask  */

   true),     /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* A relative 15 bit relocation, right shifted by 1.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_15_PCREL_RELA,/* type  */

   1,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   14,      /* bitsize  */

   true,      /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_15_PCREL_RELA",/* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x3fff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x3fff,    /* dst_mask  */

   true),     /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* A relative 17 bit relocation, right shifted by 1.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_17_PCREL_RELA,/* type  */

   1,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   16,      /* bitsize  */

   true,      /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_17_PCREL_RELA",/* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0xffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   true),     /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* A relative 25 bit relocation, right shifted by 2.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_25_PCREL_RELA,/* type  */

   1,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   24,      /* bitsize  */

   true,      /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_25_PCREL_RELA",/* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xffffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0xffffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   true),     /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* High 20 bits of address when lower 16 is or'd in.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_HI20_RELA,  /* type  */

   12,      /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   20,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_HI20_RELA", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x000fffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x000fffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Lower 12 bits of address.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_LO12S3_RELA,  /* type  */

   3,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   9,     /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_LO12S3_RELA", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x000001ff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x000001ff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Lower 12 bits of address.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_LO12S2_RELA,  /* type  */

   2,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   10,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_LO12S2_RELA", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x000003ff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x000003ff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Lower 12 bits of address.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_LO12S1_RELA,  /* type  */

   1,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   11,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_LO12S1_RELA", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x000007ff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x000007ff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Lower 12 bits of address.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_LO12S0_RELA,  /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   12,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_LO12S0_RELA", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x00000fff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x00000fff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Small data area 15 bits offset.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_SDA15S3_RELA, /* type  */

   3,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   15,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_SDA15S3_RELA",/* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x00007fff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x00007fff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Small data area 15 bits offset.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_SDA15S2_RELA, /* type  */

   2,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   15,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_SDA15S2_RELA",/* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x00007fff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x00007fff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_SDA15S1_RELA, /* type  */

   1,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   15,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_SDA15S1_RELA",/* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x00007fff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x00007fff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_SDA15S0_RELA, /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   15,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_SDA15S0_RELA",/* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x00007fff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x00007fff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* GNU extension to record C++ vtable hierarchy  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_RELA_GNU_VTINHERIT,/* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   0,     /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   NULL,      /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_RELA_GNU_VTINHERIT",/* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0,     /* src_mask  */

   0,     /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* GNU extension to record C++ vtable member usage  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_RELA_GNU_VTENTRY,/* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   0,     /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   _bfd_elf_rel_vtable_reloc_fn,/* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_RELA_GNU_VTENTRY",/* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0,     /* src_mask  */

   0,     /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Like R_NDS32_20, but referring to the GOT table entry for

     the symbol.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_GOT20,  /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   20,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_GOT20", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xfffff,   /* src_mask  */

   0xfffff,   /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Like R_NDS32_PCREL, but referring to the procedure linkage table

     entry for the symbol.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_25_PLTREL,  /* type  */

   1,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   24,      /* bitsize  */

   true,      /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_25_PLTREL", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xffffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0xffffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   true),     /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* This is used only by the dynamic linker.  The symbol should exist

     both in the object being run and in some shared library.  The

     dynamic linker copies the data addressed by the symbol from the

     shared library into the object, because the object being

     run has to have the data at some particular address.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_COPY,   /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   32,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_bitfield,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_COPY",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xffffffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0xffffffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Like R_NDS32_20, but used when setting global offset table

     entries.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_GLOB_DAT, /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   32,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_bitfield,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_GLOB_DAT",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xffffffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0xffffffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Marks a procedure linkage table entry for a symbol.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_JMP_SLOT, /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   32,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_bitfield,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_JMP_SLOT",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xffffffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0xffffffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Used only by the dynamic linker.  When the object is run, this

     longword is set to the load address of the object, plus the

     addend.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_RELATIVE, /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   32,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_bitfield,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_RELATIVE",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xffffffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0xffffffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_GOTOFF, /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   20,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_GOTOFF",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xfffff,   /* src_mask  */

   0xfffff,   /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* An PC Relative 20-bit relocation used when setting PIC offset

     table register.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_GOTPC20,  /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   20,      /* bitsize  */

   true,      /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_signed,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_GOTPC20", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xfffff,   /* src_mask  */

   0xfffff,   /* dst_mask  */

   true),     /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Like R_NDS32_HI20, but referring to the GOT table entry for

     the symbol.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_GOT_HI20, /* type  */

   12,      /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   20,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_GOT_HI20",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x000fffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x000fffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_GOT_LO12, /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   12,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_GOT_LO12",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x00000fff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x00000fff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* An PC Relative relocation used when setting PIC offset table register.

     Like R_NDS32_HI20, but referring to the GOT table entry for

     the symbol.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_GOTPC_HI20, /* type  */

   12,      /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   20,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_GOTPC_HI20",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x000fffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x000fffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   true),     /* pcrel_offset  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_GOTPC_LO12, /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   12,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_GOTPC_LO12",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x00000fff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x00000fff,    /* dst_mask  */

   true),     /* pcrel_offset  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_GOTOFF_HI20,  /* type  */

   12,      /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   20,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_GOTOFF_HI20", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x000fffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x000fffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_GOTOFF_LO12,  /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   12,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_GOTOFF_LO12", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x00000fff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x00000fff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Alignment hint for relaxable instruction.  This is used with

     R_NDS32_LABEL as a pair.  Relax this instruction from 4 bytes to 2

     in order to make next label aligned on word boundary.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_INSN16, /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   32,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_ignore_reloc,/* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_INSN16",  /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0x00000fff,    /* src_mask  */

   0x00000fff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Alignment hint for label.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_LABEL,  /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   32,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_ignore_reloc,/* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_LABEL", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xffffffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0xffffffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Relax hint for unconditional call sequence  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_LONGCALL1,  /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   32,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_ignore_reloc,/* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_LONGCALL1", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xffffffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0xffffffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Relax hint for conditional call sequence.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_LONGCALL2,  /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   32,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_ignore_reloc,/* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_LONGCALL2", /* name  */

   false,     /* partial_inplace  */

   0xffffffff,    /* src_mask  */

   0xffffffff,    /* dst_mask  */

   false),    /* pcrel_offset  */

  /* Relax hint for conditional call sequence.  */

  HOWTO2 (R_NDS32_LONGCALL3,  /* type  */

   0,     /* rightshift  */

   4,     /* size  */

   32,      /* bitsize  */

   false,     /* pc_relative  */

   0,     /* bitpos  */

   complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow  */

   nds32_elf_ignore_reloc,/* special_function  */

   "R_NDS32_LONGCALL3", /* name  */