/*

* TLS Record Handling

* (C) 2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2019 Jack Lloyd

*     2016 Juraj Somorovsky

*     2016 Matthias Gierlings

*

* Botan is released under the Simplified BSD License (see license.txt)

*/

#include <botan/internal/tls_record.h>

#include <botan/rng.h>

#include <botan/tls_callbacks.h>

#include <botan/tls_ciphersuite.h>

#include <botan/tls_exceptn.h>

#include <botan/internal/ct_utils.h>

#include <botan/internal/loadstor.h>

#include <botan/internal/tls_seq_numbers.h>

#include <botan/internal/tls_session_key.h>

#include <sstream>

#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_TLS_CBC)

   #include <botan/internal/tls_cbc.h>

#endif

namespace Botan::TLS {

Connection_Cipher_State::Connection_Cipher_State(Protocol_Version version,

                                                 Connection_Side side,

                                                 bool our_side,

                                                 const Ciphersuite& suite,

                                                 const Session_Keys& keys,

                                                 bool uses_encrypt_then_mac) {

   m_nonce_format = suite.nonce_format();

   m_nonce_bytes_from_record = suite.nonce_bytes_from_record(version);

   m_nonce_bytes_from_handshake = suite.nonce_bytes_from_handshake();

   const secure_vector<uint8_t>& aead_key = keys.aead_key(side);

   m_nonce = keys.nonce(side);

   BOTAN_ASSERT_NOMSG(m_nonce.size() == m_nonce_bytes_from_handshake);

   if(nonce_format() == Nonce_Format::CBC_MODE) {

#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_TLS_CBC)

      // legacy CBC+HMAC mode

      auto mac = MessageAuthenticationCode::create_or_throw("HMAC(" + suite.mac_algo() + ")");

      auto cipher = BlockCipher::create_or_throw(suite.cipher_algo());

      if(our_side) {

         m_aead = std::make_unique<TLS_CBC_HMAC_AEAD_Encryption>(std::move(cipher),

                                                                 std::move(mac),

                                                                 suite.cipher_keylen(),

                                                                 suite.mac_keylen(),

                                                                 version,

                                                                 uses_encrypt_then_mac);

      } else {

         m_aead = std::make_unique<TLS_CBC_HMAC_AEAD_Decryption>(std::move(cipher),

                                                                 std::move(mac),

                                                                 suite.cipher_keylen(),

                                                                 suite.mac_keylen(),

                                                                 version,

                                                                 uses_encrypt_then_mac);

      }

#else

      BOTAN_UNUSED(uses_encrypt_then_mac);

      throw Internal_Error("Negotiated disabled TLS CBC+HMAC ciphersuite");

#endif

   } else {

      m_aead =

         AEAD_Mode::create_or_throw(suite.cipher_algo(), our_side ? Cipher_Dir::Encryption : Cipher_Dir::Decryption);

   }

   m_aead->set_key(aead_key);

}

std::vector<uint8_t> Connection_Cipher_State::aead_nonce(uint64_t seq, RandomNumberGenerator& rng) {

   switch(m_nonce_format) {

      case Nonce_Format::CBC_MODE: {

         if(!m_nonce.empty()) {

            std::vector<uint8_t> nonce;

            nonce.swap(m_nonce);

            return nonce;

         }

         std::vector<uint8_t> nonce(nonce_bytes_from_record());

         rng.randomize(nonce.data(), nonce.size());

         return nonce;

      }

      case Nonce_Format::AEAD_XOR_12: {

         std::vector<uint8_t> nonce(12);

         store_be(seq, nonce.data() + 4);

         xor_buf(nonce, m_nonce.data(), m_nonce.size());

         return nonce;

      }

      case Nonce_Format::AEAD_IMPLICIT_4: {

         BOTAN_ASSERT_NOMSG(m_nonce.size() == 4);

         std::vector<uint8_t> nonce(12);

         copy_mem(&nonce[0], m_nonce.data(), 4);

         store_be(seq, &nonce[nonce_bytes_from_handshake()]);

         return nonce;

      }

   }

   throw Invalid_State("Unknown nonce format specified");

}

std::vector<uint8_t> Connection_Cipher_State::aead_nonce(const uint8_t record[], size_t record_len, uint64_t seq) {

   switch(m_nonce_format) {

      case Nonce_Format::CBC_MODE: {

         if(nonce_bytes_from_record() == 0 && !m_nonce.empty()) {

            std::vector<uint8_t> nonce;

            nonce.swap(m_nonce);

            return nonce;

         }

         if(record_len < nonce_bytes_from_record()) {

            throw Decoding_Error("Invalid CBC packet too short to be valid");

         }

         std::vector<uint8_t> nonce(record, record + nonce_bytes_from_record());

         return nonce;

      }

      case Nonce_Format::AEAD_XOR_12: {

         std::vector<uint8_t> nonce(12);

         store_be(seq, nonce.data() + 4);

         xor_buf(nonce, m_nonce.data(), m_nonce.size());

         return nonce;

      }

      case Nonce_Format::AEAD_IMPLICIT_4: {

         BOTAN_ASSERT_NOMSG(m_nonce.size() == 4);

         if(record_len < nonce_bytes_from_record()) {

            throw Decoding_Error("Invalid AEAD packet too short to be valid");

         }

         std::vector<uint8_t> nonce(12);

         copy_mem(&nonce[0], m_nonce.data(), 4);

         copy_mem(&nonce[nonce_bytes_from_handshake()], record, nonce_bytes_from_record());

         return nonce;

      }

   }

   throw Invalid_State("Unknown nonce format specified");

}

std::vector<uint8_t> Connection_Cipher_State::format_ad(uint64_t msg_sequence,

                                                        Record_Type msg_type,

                                                        Protocol_Version version,

                                                        uint16_t msg_length) {

   std::vector<uint8_t> ad(13);

   store_be(msg_sequence, &ad[0]);

   ad[8] = static_cast<uint8_t>(msg_type);

   ad[9] = version.major_version();

   ad[10] = version.minor_version();

   ad[11] = get_byte<0>(msg_length);

   ad[12] = get_byte<1>(msg_length);

   return ad;

}

namespace {

inline void append_u16_len(secure_vector<uint8_t>& output, size_t len_field) {

   const uint16_t len16 = static_cast<uint16_t>(len_field);

   BOTAN_ASSERT_EQUAL(len_field, len16, "No truncation");

   output.push_back(get_byte<0>(len16));

   output.push_back(get_byte<1>(len16));

}

void write_record_header(secure_vector<uint8_t>& output,

                         Record_Type record_type,

                         Protocol_Version version,

                         uint64_t record_sequence) {

   output.clear();

   output.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(record_type));

   output.push_back(version.major_version());

   output.push_back(version.minor_version());

   if(version.is_datagram_protocol()) {

      for(size_t i = 0; i != 8; ++i) {

         output.push_back(get_byte_var(i, record_sequence));

      }

   }

}

}  // namespace

void write_unencrypted_record(secure_vector<uint8_t>& output,

                              Record_Type record_type,

                              Protocol_Version version,

                              uint64_t record_sequence,

                              const uint8_t* message,

                              size_t message_len) {

   if(record_type == Record_Type::ApplicationData) {

      throw Internal_Error("Writing an unencrypted TLS application data record");

   }

   write_record_header(output, record_type, version, record_sequence);

   append_u16_len(output, message_len);

   output.insert(output.end(), message, message + message_len);

}

void write_record(secure_vector<uint8_t>& output,

                  Record_Type record_type,

                  Protocol_Version version,

                  uint64_t record_sequence,

                  const uint8_t* message,

                  size_t message_len,

                  Connection_Cipher_State& cs,

                  RandomNumberGenerator& rng) {

   write_record_header(output, record_type, version, record_sequence);

   AEAD_Mode& aead = cs.aead();

   std::vector<uint8_t> aad = cs.format_ad(record_sequence, record_type, version, static_cast<uint16_t>(message_len));

   const size_t ctext_size = aead.output_length(message_len);

   const size_t rec_size = ctext_size + cs.nonce_bytes_from_record();

   aead.set_associated_data(aad);

   const std::vector<uint8_t> nonce = cs.aead_nonce(record_sequence, rng);

   append_u16_len(output, rec_size);

   if(cs.nonce_bytes_from_record() > 0) {

      if(cs.nonce_format() == Nonce_Format::CBC_MODE) {

         output += nonce;

      } else {

         output += std::make_pair(&nonce[cs.nonce_bytes_from_handshake()], cs.nonce_bytes_from_record());

      }

   }

   const size_t header_size = output.size();

   output += std::make_pair(message, message_len);

   aead.start(nonce);

   aead.finish(output, header_size);

   BOTAN_ASSERT(output.size() < MAX_CIPHERTEXT_SIZE, "Produced ciphertext larger than protocol allows");

}

namespace {

size_t fill_buffer_to(

   secure_vector<uint8_t>& readbuf, const uint8_t*& input, size_t& input_size, size_t& input_consumed, size_t desired) {

   if(readbuf.size() >= desired) {

      return 0;  // already have it

   }

   const size_t taken = std::min(input_size, desired - readbuf.size());

   readbuf.insert(readbuf.end(), input, input + taken);

   input_consumed += taken;

   input_size -= taken;

   input += taken;

   return (desired - readbuf.size());  // how many bytes do we still need?

}

void decrypt_record(secure_vector<uint8_t>& output,

                    uint8_t record_contents[],

                    size_t record_len,

                    uint64_t record_sequence,

                    Protocol_Version record_version,

                    Record_Type record_type,

                    Connection_Cipher_State& cs) {

   AEAD_Mode& aead = cs.aead();

   const std::vector<uint8_t> nonce = cs.aead_nonce(record_contents, record_len, record_sequence);

   const uint8_t* msg = &record_contents[cs.nonce_bytes_from_record()];

   const size_t msg_length = record_len - cs.nonce_bytes_from_record();

   /*

   * This early rejection is based just on public information (length of the

   * encrypted packet) and so does not leak any information. We used to use

   * decode_error here which really is more appropriate, but that confuses some

   * tools which are attempting automated detection of padding oracles,

   * including older versions of TLS-Attacker.

   */

   if(msg_length < aead.minimum_final_size()) {

      throw TLS_Exception(Alert::BadRecordMac, "AEAD packet is shorter than the tag");

   }

   const size_t ptext_size = aead.output_length(msg_length);

   aead.set_associated_data(

      cs.format_ad(record_sequence, record_type, record_version, static_cast<uint16_t>(ptext_size)));

   aead.start(nonce);

   output.assign(msg, msg + msg_length);

   aead.finish(output, 0);

}

Record_Header read_tls_record(secure_vector<uint8_t>& readbuf,

                              const uint8_t input[],

                              size_t input_len,

                              size_t& consumed,

                              secure_vector<uint8_t>& recbuf,

                              Connection_Sequence_Numbers* sequence_numbers,

                              const get_cipherstate_fn& get_cipherstate) {

   if(readbuf.size() < TLS_HEADER_SIZE) {

      // header incomplete

      if(size_t needed = fill_buffer_to(readbuf, input, input_len, consumed, TLS_HEADER_SIZE)) {

         return Record_Header(needed);

      }

      BOTAN_ASSERT_EQUAL(readbuf.size(), TLS_HEADER_SIZE, "Have an entire header");

   }

   /*

   Verify that the record type and record version are within some expected

   range, so we can quickly reject totally invalid packets.

   The version check is a little hacky but given how TLS 1.3 versioning works

   this is probably safe

   - The first byte is the record version which in TLS 1.2 is always in [20..23)

   - The second byte is the TLS major version which is effectively fossilized at 3

   - The third byte is the TLS minor version which (due to TLS 1.3 versioning changes)

     will never be more than 3 (signifying TLS 1.2)

   */

   const bool bad_record_type = readbuf[0] < 20 || readbuf[0] > 23;

   const bool bad_record_version = readbuf[1] != 3 || readbuf[2] >= 4;

   if(bad_record_type || bad_record_version) {

      // We know we read up to at least the 5 byte TLS header

      const std::string first5 = std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(readbuf.data()), 5);

      if(first5 == "GET /" || first5 == "PUT /" || first5 == "POST " || first5 == "HEAD ") {

         throw TLS_Exception(Alert::ProtocolVersion, "Client sent plaintext HTTP request instead of TLS handshake");

      }

      if(first5 == "CONNE") {

         throw TLS_Exception(Alert::ProtocolVersion,

                             "Client sent plaintext HTTP proxy CONNECT request instead of TLS handshake");

      }

      if(bad_record_type) {

         // RFC 5246 Section 6.

         //   If a TLS implementation receives an unexpected record type, it MUST

         //   send an unexpected_message alert.

         throw TLS_Exception(Alert::UnexpectedMessage, "TLS record type had unexpected value");

      }

      throw TLS_Exception(Alert::ProtocolVersion, "TLS record version had unexpected value");

   }

   const Protocol_Version version(readbuf[1], readbuf[2]);

   if(version.is_datagram_protocol()) {

      throw TLS_Exception(Alert::ProtocolVersion, "Expected TLS but got a record with DTLS version");

   }

   const size_t record_size = make_uint16(readbuf[TLS_HEADER_SIZE - 2], readbuf[TLS_HEADER_SIZE - 1]);

   if(record_size > MAX_CIPHERTEXT_SIZE) {

      throw TLS_Exception(Alert::RecordOverflow, "Received a record that exceeds maximum size");

   }

   if(record_size == 0) {

      throw TLS_Exception(Alert::DecodeError, "Received a completely empty record");

   }

   if(size_t needed = fill_buffer_to(readbuf, input, input_len, consumed, TLS_HEADER_SIZE + record_size)) {

      return Record_Header(needed);

   }

   BOTAN_ASSERT_EQUAL(static_cast<size_t>(TLS_HEADER_SIZE) + record_size, readbuf.size(), "Have the full record");

   const Record_Type type = static_cast<Record_Type>(readbuf[0]);

   uint16_t epoch = 0;

   uint64_t sequence = 0;

   if(sequence_numbers) {

      sequence = sequence_numbers->next_read_sequence();

      epoch = sequence_numbers->current_read_epoch();

   } else {

      // server initial handshake case

      epoch = 0;

   }

   if(epoch == 0) {

      // Unencrypted initial handshake

      recbuf.assign(readbuf.begin() + TLS_HEADER_SIZE, readbuf.begin() + TLS_HEADER_SIZE + record_size);

      readbuf.clear();

      return Record_Header(sequence, version, type);

   }

   // Otherwise, decrypt, check MAC, return plaintext

   auto cs = get_cipherstate(epoch);

   BOTAN_ASSERT(cs, "Have cipherstate for this epoch");

   decrypt_record(recbuf, &readbuf[TLS_HEADER_SIZE], record_size, sequence, version, type, *cs);

   if(sequence_numbers) {

      sequence_numbers->read_accept(sequence);

   }

   readbuf.clear();

   return Record_Header(sequence, version, type);

}

Record_Header read_dtls_record(secure_vector<uint8_t>& readbuf,

                               const uint8_t input[],

                               size_t input_len,

                               size_t& consumed,

                               secure_vector<uint8_t>& recbuf,

                               Connection_Sequence_Numbers* sequence_numbers,

                               const get_cipherstate_fn& get_cipherstate,

                               bool allow_epoch0_restart) {

   if(readbuf.size() < DTLS_HEADER_SIZE) {

      // header incomplete

      if(fill_buffer_to(readbuf, input, input_len, consumed, DTLS_HEADER_SIZE)) {

         readbuf.clear();

         return Record_Header(0);

      }

      BOTAN_ASSERT_EQUAL(readbuf.size(), DTLS_HEADER_SIZE, "Have an entire header");

   }

   const Protocol_Version version(readbuf[1], readbuf[2]);

   if(version.is_datagram_protocol() == false) {

      readbuf.clear();

      return Record_Header(0);

   }

   const size_t record_size = make_uint16(readbuf[DTLS_HEADER_SIZE - 2], readbuf[DTLS_HEADER_SIZE - 1]);

   if(record_size > MAX_CIPHERTEXT_SIZE) {

      // Too large to be valid, ignore it

      readbuf.clear();

      return Record_Header(0);

   }

   if(fill_buffer_to(readbuf, input, input_len, consumed, DTLS_HEADER_SIZE + record_size)) {

      // Truncated packet?

      readbuf.clear();

      return Record_Header(0);

   }

   BOTAN_ASSERT_EQUAL(static_cast<size_t>(DTLS_HEADER_SIZE) + record_size, readbuf.size(), "Have the full record");

   const Record_Type type = static_cast<Record_Type>(readbuf[0]);

   const uint64_t sequence = load_be<uint64_t>(&readbuf[3], 0);

   const uint16_t epoch = (sequence >> 48);

   const bool already_seen = sequence_numbers && sequence_numbers->already_seen(sequence);

   if(already_seen && !(epoch == 0 && allow_epoch0_restart)) {

      readbuf.clear();

      return Record_Header(0);

   }

   if(epoch == 0) {

      // Unencrypted initial handshake

      recbuf.assign(readbuf.begin() + DTLS_HEADER_SIZE, readbuf.begin() + DTLS_HEADER_SIZE + record_size);

      readbuf.clear();

      if(sequence_numbers) {

         sequence_numbers->read_accept(sequence);

      }

      return Record_Header(sequence, version, type);

   }

   try {

      // Otherwise, decrypt, check MAC, return plaintext

      auto cs = get_cipherstate(epoch);

      BOTAN_ASSERT(cs, "Have cipherstate for this epoch");

      decrypt_record(recbuf, &readbuf[DTLS_HEADER_SIZE], record_size, sequence, version, type, *cs);

   } catch(std::exception&) {

      readbuf.clear();

      return Record_Header(0);

   }

   if(sequence_numbers) {

      sequence_numbers->read_accept(sequence);

   }

   readbuf.clear();

   return Record_Header(sequence, version, type);

}

}  // namespace

Record_Header read_record(bool is_datagram,

                          secure_vector<uint8_t>& readbuf,

                          const uint8_t input[],

                          size_t input_len,

                          size_t& consumed,

                          secure_vector<uint8_t>& recbuf,

                          Connection_Sequence_Numbers* sequence_numbers,

                          const get_cipherstate_fn& get_cipherstate,

                          bool allow_epoch0_restart) {

   if(is_datagram) {

      return read_dtls_record(

         readbuf, input, input_len, consumed, recbuf, sequence_numbers, get_cipherstate, allow_epoch0_restart);

   } else {

      return read_tls_record(readbuf, input, input_len, consumed, recbuf, sequence_numbers, get_cipherstate);

   }

}

}  // namespace Botan::TLS