Coverage Report

Created: 2025-07-01 07:03

/src/capstonenext/arch/BPF/BPFDisassembler.c
Line
Count
Source (jump to first uncovered line)
1
/* Capstone Disassembly Engine */
2
/* BPF Backend by david942j <david942j@gmail.com>, 2019 */
3
/* SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2024 Roee Toledano <roeetoledano10@gmail.com> */
4
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3 */
5
6
#ifdef CAPSTONE_HAS_BPF
7
8
#include <string.h>
9
#include <stddef.h> // offsetof macro
10
11
#include "BPFConstants.h"
12
#include "BPFDisassembler.h"
13
#include "BPFMapping.h"
14
#include "../../Mapping.h"
15
#include "../../cs_priv.h"
16
#include "../../utils.h"
17
18
///< Malloc bpf_internal, also checks if code_len is large enough.
19
static bpf_internal *alloc_bpf_internal(const size_t code_len)
20
15.9k
{
21
15.9k
  bpf_internal *bpf;
22
23
15.9k
  if (code_len < 8)
24
308
    return NULL;
25
15.6k
  bpf = cs_mem_malloc(sizeof(bpf_internal));
26
15.6k
  if (bpf == NULL)
27
0
    return NULL;
28
  /* default value */
29
15.6k
  bpf->insn_size = 8;
30
15.6k
  return bpf;
31
15.6k
}
32
33
///< Fetch a cBPF structure from code
34
static bpf_internal *fetch_cbpf(MCInst *instr, const uint8_t *code,
35
        const size_t code_len)
36
4.54k
{
37
4.54k
  bpf_internal *bpf;
38
39
4.54k
  bpf = alloc_bpf_internal(code_len);
40
4.54k
  if (bpf == NULL)
41
86
    return NULL;
42
43
4.45k
  bpf->op = readBytes16(instr, code);
44
4.45k
  bpf->jt = code[2];
45
4.45k
  bpf->jf = code[3];
46
4.45k
  bpf->k = readBytes32(instr, code + 4);
47
4.45k
  return bpf;
48
4.54k
}
49
50
///< Fetch an eBPF structure from code
51
static bpf_internal *fetch_ebpf(MCInst *instr, const uint8_t *code,
52
        const size_t code_len)
53
11.4k
{
54
11.4k
  bpf_internal *bpf;
55
56
11.4k
  bpf = alloc_bpf_internal(code_len);
57
11.4k
  if (bpf == NULL)
58
222
    return NULL;
59
60
11.2k
  bpf->op = (uint16_t)code[0];
61
11.2k
  bpf->dst = code[1] & 0xf;
62
11.2k
  bpf->src = (code[1] & 0xf0) >> 4;
63
64
  // eBPF has one 16-byte instruction: BPF_LD | BPF_DW | BPF_IMM,
65
  // in this case imm is combined with the next block's imm.
66
11.2k
  if (bpf->op == (BPF_CLASS_LD | BPF_SIZE_DW | BPF_MODE_IMM)) {
67
268
    if (code_len < 16) {
68
2
      cs_mem_free(bpf);
69
2
      return NULL;
70
2
    }
71
266
    bpf->k = readBytes32(instr, code + 4) |
72
266
       (((uint64_t)readBytes32(instr, code + 12)) << 32);
73
266
    bpf->insn_size = 16;
74
10.9k
  } else {
75
10.9k
    bpf->offset = readBytes16(instr, code + 2);
76
10.9k
    bpf->k = readBytes32(instr, code + 4);
77
10.9k
  }
78
11.2k
  return bpf;
79
11.2k
}
80
81
#define CHECK_READABLE_REG(ud, reg) \
82
7.44k
  do { \
83
7.44k
    if (!((reg) >= BPF_REG_R0 && (reg) <= BPF_REG_R10)) \
84
7.44k
      return false; \
85
7.44k
  } while (0)
86
87
#define CHECK_WRITEABLE_REG(ud, reg) \
88
4.44k
  do { \
89
4.44k
    if (!((reg) >= BPF_REG_R0 && (reg) < BPF_REG_R10)) \
90
4.44k
      return false; \
91
4.44k
  } while (0)
92
93
#define CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, r) \
94
7.44k
  do { \
95
7.44k
    CHECK_READABLE_REG(ud, r + BPF_REG_R0); \
96
7.44k
    MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, r + BPF_REG_R0); \
97
7.41k
  } while (0)
98
99
#define CHECK_WRITABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, r) \
100
4.44k
  do { \
101
4.44k
    CHECK_WRITEABLE_REG(ud, r + BPF_REG_R0); \
102
4.44k
    MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, r + BPF_REG_R0); \
103
4.43k
  } while (0)
104
105
static bool decodeLoad(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
106
5.21k
{
107
5.21k
  if (!EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
108
    /*
109
     *  +-----+-----------+--------------------+
110
     *  | ldb |    [k]    |       [x+k]        |
111
     *  | ldh |    [k]    |       [x+k]        |
112
     *  +-----+-----------+--------------------+
113
     */
114
1.64k
    if (BPF_SIZE(bpf->op) == BPF_SIZE_DW)
115
4
      return false;
116
1.64k
    if (BPF_SIZE(bpf->op) == BPF_SIZE_B ||
117
1.64k
        BPF_SIZE(bpf->op) == BPF_SIZE_H) {
118
      /* no ldx */
119
605
      if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) != BPF_CLASS_LD)
120
3
        return false;
121
      /* can only be BPF_ABS and BPF_IND */
122
602
      if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_ABS) {
123
353
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
124
353
        return true;
125
353
      } else if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_IND) {
126
246
        MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_X);
127
246
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
128
246
        return true;
129
246
      }
130
3
      return false;
131
602
    }
132
    /*
133
     *  +-----+----+------+------+-----+-------+
134
     *  | ld  | #k | #len | M[k] | [k] | [x+k] |
135
     *  +-----+----+------+------+-----+-------+
136
     *  | ldx | #k | #len | M[k] | 4*([k]&0xf) |
137
     *  +-----+----+------+------+-------------+
138
     */
139
1.03k
    switch (BPF_MODE(bpf->op)) {
140
282
    default:
141
282
      break;
142
300
    case BPF_MODE_IMM:
143
300
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
144
300
      return true;
145
171
    case BPF_MODE_LEN:
146
171
      return true;
147
283
    case BPF_MODE_MEM:
148
283
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
149
283
      return true;
150
1.03k
    }
151
282
    if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) == BPF_CLASS_LD) {
152
98
      if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_ABS) {
153
47
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
154
47
        return true;
155
51
      } else if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_IND) {
156
50
        MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_X);
157
50
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
158
50
        return true;
159
50
      }
160
184
    } else { /* LDX */
161
184
      if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_MSH) {
162
183
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
163
183
        return true;
164
183
      }
165
184
    }
166
2
    return false;
167
282
  }
168
169
  /* eBPF mode */
170
  /*
171
   * - IMM: lddw dst, imm64
172
   * - ABS: ld{w,h,b} [k]
173
   * - IND: ld{w,h,b} [src]
174
   * - MEM: ldx{w,h,b,dw} dst, [src+off]
175
   */
176
3.57k
  if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) == BPF_CLASS_LD) {
177
2.16k
    switch (BPF_MODE(bpf->op)) {
178
283
    case BPF_MODE_IMM:
179
283
      if (bpf->op !=
180
283
          (BPF_CLASS_LD | BPF_SIZE_DW | BPF_MODE_IMM))
181
17
        return false;
182
266
      CHECK_WRITABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
183
265
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
184
265
      return true;
185
1.28k
    case BPF_MODE_ABS:
186
1.28k
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
187
1.28k
      return true;
188
594
    case BPF_MODE_IND:
189
594
      CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
190
593
      return true;
191
2.16k
    }
192
2
    return false;
193
2.16k
  }
194
  /* LDX */
195
1.40k
  if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_MEM) {
196
1.39k
    CHECK_WRITABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
197
1.39k
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
198
1.39k
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->offset);
199
1.39k
    return true;
200
1.39k
  }
201
11
  return false;
202
1.40k
}
203
204
static bool decodeStore(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
205
1.24k
{
206
  /* in cBPF, only BPF_ST* | BPF_MEM | BPF_W is valid
207
   * while in eBPF:
208
   * - BPF_STX | BPF_XADD | BPF_{W,DW}
209
   * - BPF_ST* | BPF_MEM | BPF_{W,H,B,DW}
210
   * are valid
211
   */
212
1.24k
  if (!EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
213
    /* can only store to M[] */
214
27
    if (bpf->op != (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) | BPF_MODE_MEM | BPF_SIZE_W))
215
4
      return false;
216
23
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
217
23
    return true;
218
27
  }
219
220
  /* eBPF */
221
1.21k
  if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_ATOMIC) {
222
171
    if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) != BPF_CLASS_STX)
223
1
      return false;
224
170
    if (BPF_SIZE(bpf->op) != BPF_SIZE_W &&
225
170
        BPF_SIZE(bpf->op) != BPF_SIZE_DW)
226
2
      return false;
227
    /* xadd [dst + off], src */
228
168
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
229
167
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->offset);
230
167
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
231
166
    return true;
232
167
  }
233
234
1.04k
  if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) != BPF_MODE_MEM)
235
14
    return false;
236
237
  /* st [dst + off], src */
238
1.02k
  CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
239
1.02k
  MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->offset);
240
1.02k
  if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) == BPF_CLASS_ST)
241
597
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
242
429
  else
243
429
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
244
1.02k
  return true;
245
1.02k
}
246
247
static bool decodeALU(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
248
4.08k
{
249
  /* Set MI->Operands */
250
251
  /* cBPF */
252
4.08k
  if (!EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
253
1.27k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) > BPF_ALU_XOR)
254
2
      return false;
255
    /* cBPF's NEG has no operands */
256
1.26k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_ALU_NEG)
257
74
      return true;
258
1.19k
    if (BPF_SRC(bpf->op) == BPF_SRC_K)
259
400
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
260
795
    else /* BPF_SRC_X */
261
795
      MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_X);
262
1.19k
    return true;
263
1.26k
  }
264
265
  /* eBPF */
266
267
2.81k
  if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) > BPF_ALU_END)
268
9
    return false;
269
  /* ENDian's imm must be one of 16, 32, 64 */
270
2.80k
  if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_ALU_END) {
271
520
    if (bpf->k != 16 && bpf->k != 32 && bpf->k != 64)
272
28
      return false;
273
492
    if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) == BPF_CLASS_ALU64 &&
274
492
        BPF_SRC(bpf->op) != BPF_SRC_LITTLE)
275
1
      return false;
276
492
  }
277
278
  /* - op dst, imm
279
   * - op dst, src
280
   * - neg dst
281
   * - le<imm> dst
282
   */
283
  /* every ALU instructions have dst op */
284
2.77k
  CHECK_WRITABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
285
286
  /* special cases */
287
2.77k
  if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_ALU_NEG)
288
141
    return true;
289
2.63k
  if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_ALU_END) {
290
    /* bpf->k must be one of 16, 32, 64 */
291
491
    bpf->op |= ((uint32_t)bpf->k << 4);
292
491
    return true;
293
491
  }
294
295
  /* normal cases */
296
2.14k
  if (BPF_SRC(bpf->op) == BPF_SRC_K) {
297
1.92k
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
298
1.92k
  } else { /* BPF_SRC_X */
299
218
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
300
218
  }
301
2.14k
  return true;
302
2.14k
}
303
304
static bool decodeJump(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
305
4.34k
{
306
  /* cBPF and eBPF are very different in class jump */
307
4.34k
  if (!EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
308
723
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) > BPF_JUMP_JSET)
309
5
      return false;
310
311
    /* ja is a special case of jumps */
312
718
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_JUMP_JA) {
313
73
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
314
73
      return true;
315
73
    }
316
317
645
    if (BPF_SRC(bpf->op) == BPF_SRC_K)
318
347
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
319
298
    else /* BPF_SRC_X */
320
298
      MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_X);
321
645
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->jt);
322
645
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->jf);
323
3.62k
  } else {
324
3.62k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) > BPF_JUMP_JSLE)
325
1
      return false;
326
327
    /* JMP32 has no CALL/EXIT instruction */
328
    /* No operands for exit */
329
3.61k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_JUMP_EXIT)
330
50
      return bpf->op == (BPF_CLASS_JMP | BPF_JUMP_EXIT);
331
3.56k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_JUMP_CALL) {
332
98
      if (bpf->op == (BPF_CLASS_JMP | BPF_JUMP_CALL)) {
333
62
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
334
62
        return true;
335
62
      }
336
36
      if (bpf->op ==
337
36
          (BPF_CLASS_JMP | BPF_JUMP_CALL | BPF_SRC_X)) {
338
35
        CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->k);
339
10
        return true;
340
35
      }
341
1
      return false;
342
36
    }
343
344
    /* ja is a special case of jumps */
345
3.47k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_JUMP_JA) {
346
147
      if (BPF_SRC(bpf->op) != BPF_SRC_K)
347
3
        return false;
348
144
      if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) == BPF_CLASS_JMP)
349
46
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->offset);
350
98
      else
351
98
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
352
353
144
      return true;
354
147
    }
355
356
    /* <j>  dst, src, +off */
357
3.32k
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
358
3.32k
    if (BPF_SRC(bpf->op) == BPF_SRC_K)
359
3.23k
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
360
90
    else
361
90
      CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
362
3.32k
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->offset);
363
3.32k
  }
364
3.96k
  return true;
365
4.34k
}
366
367
static bool decodeReturn(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
368
736
{
369
  /* Here only handles the BPF_RET class in cBPF */
370
736
  switch (BPF_RVAL(bpf->op)) {
371
256
  case BPF_SRC_K:
372
256
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
373
256
    return true;
374
249
  case BPF_SRC_X:
375
249
    MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_X);
376
249
    return true;
377
230
  case BPF_SRC_A:
378
230
    MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_A);
379
230
    return true;
380
736
  }
381
1
  return false;
382
736
}
383
384
static bool decodeMISC(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
385
56
{
386
56
  uint16_t op = bpf->op ^ BPF_CLASS_MISC;
387
56
  return op == BPF_MISCOP_TAX || op == BPF_MISCOP_TXA;
388
56
}
389
390
///< 1. Check if the instruction is valid
391
///< 2. Set MI->opcode
392
///< 3. Set MI->Operands
393
static bool getInstruction(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
394
15.6k
{
395
15.6k
  cs_detail *detail;
396
397
15.6k
  detail = MI->flat_insn->detail;
398
  // initialize detail
399
15.6k
  if (detail) {
400
15.6k
    memset(detail, 0, offsetof(cs_detail, bpf) + sizeof(cs_bpf));
401
15.6k
  }
402
403
15.6k
  MCInst_clear(MI);
404
405
15.6k
  switch (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op)) {
406
0
  default: /* should never happen */
407
0
    return false;
408
3.33k
  case BPF_CLASS_LD:
409
5.21k
  case BPF_CLASS_LDX:
410
5.21k
    return decodeLoad(MI, bpf);
411
616
  case BPF_CLASS_ST:
412
1.24k
  case BPF_CLASS_STX:
413
1.24k
    return decodeStore(MI, bpf);
414
2.29k
  case BPF_CLASS_ALU:
415
2.29k
    return decodeALU(MI, bpf);
416
2.54k
  case BPF_CLASS_JMP:
417
2.54k
    return decodeJump(MI, bpf);
418
2.53k
  case BPF_CLASS_RET:
419
    /* case BPF_CLASS_JMP32: */
420
2.53k
    if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode))
421
1.79k
      return decodeJump(MI, bpf);
422
736
    else
423
736
      return decodeReturn(MI, bpf);
424
1.84k
  case BPF_CLASS_MISC:
425
    /* case BPF_CLASS_ALU64: */
426
1.84k
    if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode))
427
1.78k
      return decodeALU(MI, bpf);
428
56
    else
429
56
      return decodeMISC(MI, bpf);
430
15.6k
  }
431
15.6k
}
432
433
// Check for regular load instructions
434
#define REG_LOAD_CASE(c) \
435
3.34k
  case BPF_SIZE_##c: \
436
3.34k
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_LD) \
437
3.34k
      return BPF_INS_LD##c; \
438
3.34k
    else \
439
3.34k
      return BPF_INS_LDX##c;
440
441
static bpf_insn op2insn_ld_cbpf(unsigned opcode)
442
3.34k
{
443
3.34k
  switch (BPF_SIZE(opcode)) {
444
1.67k
    REG_LOAD_CASE(W);
445
483
    REG_LOAD_CASE(H);
446
640
    REG_LOAD_CASE(B);
447
550
    REG_LOAD_CASE(DW);
448
3.34k
  }
449
450
0
  return BPF_INS_INVALID;
451
3.34k
}
452
#undef REG_LOAD_CASE
453
454
// Check for packet load instructions
455
#define PACKET_LOAD_CASE(c) \
456
1.82k
  case BPF_SIZE_##c: \
457
1.82k
    if (BPF_MODE(opcode) == BPF_MODE_ABS) \
458
1.82k
      return BPF_INS_LDABS##c; \
459
1.82k
    else if (BPF_MODE(opcode) == BPF_MODE_IND) \
460
563
      return BPF_INS_LDIND##c; \
461
563
    else \
462
563
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
463
464
static bpf_insn op2insn_ld_ebpf(unsigned opcode)
465
3.53k
{
466
3.53k
  if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_LD) {
467
2.14k
    switch (BPF_SIZE(opcode)) {
468
896
      PACKET_LOAD_CASE(W);
469
596
      PACKET_LOAD_CASE(H);
470
336
      PACKET_LOAD_CASE(B);
471
2.14k
    }
472
2.14k
  }
473
474
  // If it's not a packet load instruction, it must be a regular load instruction
475
1.71k
  return op2insn_ld_cbpf(opcode);
476
3.53k
}
477
#undef PACKET_LOAD_CASE
478
479
/* During parsing we already checked to make sure the size is D/DW and 
480
 * mode is STX and not ST, so we don't need to check again*/
481
#define ALU_CASE_REG(c) \
482
87
  case BPF_ALU_##c: \
483
87
    if (BPF_SIZE(opcode) == BPF_SIZE_W) \
484
87
      return BPF_INS_A##c; \
485
87
    else \
486
87
      return BPF_INS_A##c##64;
487
488
#define ALU_CASE_FETCH(c) \
489
61
  case BPF_ALU_##c | BPF_MODE_FETCH: \
490
61
    if (BPF_SIZE(opcode) == BPF_SIZE_W) \
491
61
      return BPF_INS_AF##c; \
492
61
    else \
493
61
      return BPF_INS_AF##c##64;
494
495
#define COMPLEX_CASE(c) \
496
16
  case BPF_ATOMIC_##c | BPF_MODE_FETCH: \
497
16
    if (BPF_SIZE(opcode) == BPF_SIZE_DW) \
498
16
      return BPF_INS_A##c##64; \
499
16
    else \
500
16
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
501
502
#define CASE(c) \
503
1.04k
  case BPF_SIZE_##c: \
504
1.04k
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_ST) \
505
1.04k
      return BPF_INS_ST##c; \
506
1.04k
    else \
507
1.04k
      return BPF_INS_STX##c;
508
509
static bpf_insn op2insn_st(unsigned opcode, const uint32_t imm)
510
1.21k
{
511
  /*
512
   * - BPF_STX | ALU atomic operations | BPF_{W,DW}
513
   * - BPF_STX | Complex atomic operations | BPF_{DW}
514
   * - BPF_ST* | BPF_MEM | BPF_{W,H,B,DW}
515
   */
516
517
1.21k
  if (BPF_MODE(opcode) == BPF_MODE_ATOMIC) {
518
166
    switch (imm) {
519
21
      ALU_CASE_REG(ADD);
520
7
      ALU_CASE_REG(OR);
521
25
      ALU_CASE_REG(AND);
522
34
      ALU_CASE_REG(XOR);
523
16
      ALU_CASE_FETCH(ADD);
524
14
      ALU_CASE_FETCH(OR);
525
14
      ALU_CASE_FETCH(AND);
526
17
      ALU_CASE_FETCH(XOR);
527
6
      COMPLEX_CASE(XCHG);
528
10
      COMPLEX_CASE(CMPXCHG);
529
2
    default: // Reached if complex atomic operation is used without fetch modifier
530
2
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
531
166
    }
532
166
  }
533
534
  /* should be BPF_MEM */
535
1.04k
  switch (BPF_SIZE(opcode)) {
536
277
    CASE(W);
537
78
    CASE(H);
538
322
    CASE(B);
539
371
    CASE(DW);
540
1.04k
  }
541
542
0
  return BPF_INS_INVALID;
543
1.04k
}
544
#undef CASE
545
546
#define CASE(c) \
547
2.97k
  case BPF_ALU_##c: \
548
2.97k
    CASE_IF(c)
549
550
#define CASE_IF(c) \
551
3.51k
  do { \
552
3.51k
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_ALU) \
553
3.51k
      return BPF_INS_##c; \
554
3.51k
    else \
555
3.51k
      return BPF_INS_##c##64; \
556
3.51k
  } while (0)
557
558
static bpf_insn op2insn_alu(unsigned opcode, const uint16_t off,
559
          const bool is_ebpf)
560
4.04k
{
561
  /* Endian is a special case */
562
4.04k
  if (BPF_OP(opcode) == BPF_ALU_END) {
563
491
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_ALU64) {
564
61
      switch (opcode ^ BPF_CLASS_ALU64 ^ BPF_ALU_END ^
565
61
        BPF_SRC_LITTLE) {
566
14
      case (16 << 4):
567
14
        return BPF_INS_BSWAP16;
568
35
      case (32 << 4):
569
35
        return BPF_INS_BSWAP32;
570
12
      case (64 << 4):
571
12
        return BPF_INS_BSWAP64;
572
0
      default:
573
0
        return BPF_INS_INVALID;
574
61
      }
575
61
    }
576
577
430
    switch (opcode ^ BPF_CLASS_ALU ^ BPF_ALU_END) {
578
11
    case BPF_SRC_LITTLE | (16 << 4):
579
11
      return BPF_INS_LE16;
580
3
    case BPF_SRC_LITTLE | (32 << 4):
581
3
      return BPF_INS_LE32;
582
1
    case BPF_SRC_LITTLE | (64 << 4):
583
1
      return BPF_INS_LE64;
584
107
    case BPF_SRC_BIG | (16 << 4):
585
107
      return BPF_INS_BE16;
586
301
    case BPF_SRC_BIG | (32 << 4):
587
301
      return BPF_INS_BE32;
588
7
    case BPF_SRC_BIG | (64 << 4):
589
7
      return BPF_INS_BE64;
590
430
    }
591
0
    return BPF_INS_INVALID;
592
430
  }
593
594
3.55k
  switch (BPF_OP(opcode)) {
595
368
    CASE(ADD);
596
342
    CASE(SUB);
597
233
    CASE(MUL);
598
197
    CASE(OR);
599
349
    CASE(AND);
600
428
    CASE(LSH);
601
402
    CASE(RSH);
602
215
    CASE(NEG);
603
145
    CASE(XOR);
604
292
    CASE(ARSH);
605
197
  case BPF_ALU_DIV:
606
197
    if (!is_ebpf || off == 0)
607
178
      CASE_IF(DIV);
608
19
    else if (off == 1)
609
14
      CASE_IF(SDIV);
610
5
    else
611
5
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
612
258
  case BPF_ALU_MOD:
613
258
    if (!is_ebpf || off == 0)
614
232
      CASE_IF(MOD);
615
26
    else if (off == 1)
616
19
      CASE_IF(SMOD);
617
7
    else
618
7
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
619
127
  case BPF_ALU_MOV:
620
    /* BPF_CLASS_ALU can have: mov, mov8s, mov16s
621
     * BPF_CLASS_ALU64 can have: mov, mov8s, mov16s, mov32s
622
     * */
623
127
    if (off == 0)
624
62
      CASE_IF(MOV);
625
65
    else if (off == 8)
626
5
      CASE_IF(MOVSB);
627
60
    else if (off == 16)
628
37
      CASE_IF(MOVSH);
629
23
    else if (off == 32 && BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_ALU64)
630
10
      return BPF_INS_MOVSW64;
631
13
    else
632
13
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
633
3.55k
  }
634
635
0
  return BPF_INS_INVALID;
636
3.55k
}
637
#undef CASE_IF
638
#undef CASE
639
640
4.30k
#define BPF_CALLX (BPF_CLASS_JMP | BPF_JUMP_CALL | BPF_SRC_X)
641
642
#define CASE(c) \
643
3.96k
  case BPF_JUMP_##c: \
644
3.96k
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_JMP) \
645
3.96k
      return BPF_INS_##c; \
646
3.96k
    else \
647
3.96k
      return BPF_INS_##c##32;
648
649
#define SPEC_CASE(c) \
650
110
  case BPF_JUMP_##c: \
651
110
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_JMP) \
652
110
      return BPF_INS_##c; \
653
110
    else \
654
110
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
655
656
static bpf_insn op2insn_jmp(unsigned opcode)
657
4.30k
{
658
4.30k
  if (opcode == BPF_CALLX) {
659
10
    return BPF_INS_CALLX;
660
10
  }
661
662
4.29k
  switch (BPF_OP(opcode)) {
663
217
  case BPF_JUMP_JA:
664
217
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_JMP)
665
119
      return BPF_INS_JA;
666
98
    else
667
98
      return BPF_INS_JAL;
668
315
    CASE(JEQ);
669
351
    CASE(JGT);
670
130
    CASE(JGE);
671
578
    CASE(JSET);
672
489
    CASE(JNE);
673
380
    CASE(JSGT);
674
545
    CASE(JSGE);
675
62
    SPEC_CASE(CALL);
676
48
    SPEC_CASE(EXIT);
677
233
    CASE(JLT);
678
317
    CASE(JLE);
679
368
    CASE(JSLT);
680
261
    CASE(JSLE);
681
4.29k
  }
682
683
0
  return BPF_INS_INVALID;
684
4.29k
}
685
#undef SPEC_CASE
686
#undef CASE
687
#undef BPF_CALLX
688
689
#ifndef CAPSTONE_DIET
690
691
static void update_regs_access(MCInst *MI, cs_detail *detail,
692
             bpf_insn insn_id, unsigned int opcode)
693
15.4k
{
694
15.4k
  if (insn_id == BPF_INS_INVALID)
695
0
    return;
696
  /*
697
   * In eBPF mode, only these instructions have implicit registers access:
698
   * - legacy ld{w,h,b,dw} * // w: r0
699
   * - exit // r: r0
700
   */
701
15.4k
  if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
702
11.0k
    switch (insn_id) {
703
8.87k
    default:
704
8.87k
      break;
705
8.87k
    case BPF_INS_LDABSW:
706
1.14k
    case BPF_INS_LDABSH:
707
1.26k
    case BPF_INS_LDABSB:
708
1.38k
    case BPF_INS_LDINDW:
709
1.60k
    case BPF_INS_LDINDH:
710
1.82k
    case BPF_INS_LDINDB:
711
2.14k
    case BPF_INS_LDDW:
712
2.14k
      if (BPF_MODE(opcode) == BPF_MODE_ABS ||
713
2.14k
          BPF_MODE(opcode) == BPF_MODE_IND)
714
1.87k
        map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_R0);
715
2.14k
      break;
716
48
    case BPF_INS_EXIT:
717
48
      map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_R0);
718
48
      break;
719
11.0k
    }
720
11.0k
    return;
721
11.0k
  }
722
723
  /* cBPF mode */
724
4.42k
  switch (BPF_CLASS(opcode)) {
725
735
  default:
726
735
    break;
727
1.16k
  case BPF_CLASS_LD:
728
1.16k
    map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_A);
729
1.16k
    break;
730
467
  case BPF_CLASS_LDX:
731
467
    map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_X);
732
467
    break;
733
8
  case BPF_CLASS_ST:
734
8
    map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_A);
735
8
    break;
736
15
  case BPF_CLASS_STX:
737
15
    map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_X);
738
15
    break;
739
1.26k
  case BPF_CLASS_ALU:
740
1.26k
    map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_A);
741
1.26k
    map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_A);
742
1.26k
    break;
743
718
  case BPF_CLASS_JMP:
744
718
    if (insn_id != BPF_INS_JA) // except the unconditional jump
745
645
      map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_A);
746
718
    break;
747
  /* case BPF_CLASS_RET: */
748
47
  case BPF_CLASS_MISC:
749
47
    if (insn_id == BPF_INS_TAX) {
750
10
      map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_A);
751
10
      map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_X);
752
37
    } else {
753
37
      map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_X);
754
37
      map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_A);
755
37
    }
756
47
    break;
757
4.42k
  }
758
4.42k
}
759
#endif
760
761
static bool setFinalOpcode(MCInst *MI, const bpf_internal *bpf)
762
15.5k
{
763
15.5k
  bpf_insn id = BPF_INS_INVALID;
764
15.5k
#ifndef CAPSTONE_DIET
765
15.5k
  cs_detail *detail;
766
767
15.5k
  detail = get_detail(MI);
768
15.5k
#endif
769
770
15.5k
  const uint16_t opcode = bpf->op;
771
15.5k
  switch (BPF_CLASS(opcode)) {
772
0
  default: // will never happen
773
0
    break;
774
3.31k
  case BPF_CLASS_LD:
775
5.17k
  case BPF_CLASS_LDX:
776
5.17k
    if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode))
777
3.53k
      id = op2insn_ld_ebpf(opcode);
778
1.63k
    else
779
1.63k
      id = op2insn_ld_cbpf(opcode);
780
5.17k
    add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_LOAD);
781
5.17k
    break;
782
605
  case BPF_CLASS_ST:
783
1.21k
  case BPF_CLASS_STX:
784
1.21k
    id = op2insn_st(opcode, bpf->k);
785
1.21k
    add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_STORE);
786
1.21k
    break;
787
2.27k
  case BPF_CLASS_ALU:
788
2.27k
    id = op2insn_alu(opcode, bpf->offset, EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode));
789
2.27k
    add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_ALU);
790
2.27k
    break;
791
2.51k
  case BPF_CLASS_JMP:
792
2.51k
    id = op2insn_jmp(opcode);
793
2.51k
#ifndef CAPSTONE_DIET
794
2.51k
    if (id == BPF_INS_CALL || id == BPF_INS_CALLX)
795
72
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_CALL);
796
2.44k
    else if (id == BPF_INS_EXIT)
797
48
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_RETURN);
798
2.39k
    else
799
2.39k
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_JUMP);
800
2.51k
#endif
801
2.51k
    break;
802
2.52k
  case BPF_CLASS_RET:
803
    /* case BPF_CLASS_JMP32: */
804
2.52k
    if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
805
1.79k
      id = op2insn_jmp(opcode);
806
1.79k
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_JUMP);
807
1.79k
    } else {
808
735
      id = BPF_INS_RET;
809
735
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_RETURN);
810
735
    }
811
2.52k
    break;
812
  // BPF_CLASS_MISC and BPF_CLASS_ALU64 have exactly same value
813
1.81k
  case BPF_CLASS_MISC:
814
    /* case BPF_CLASS_ALU64: */
815
1.81k
    if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
816
      // ALU64 in eBPF
817
1.76k
      id = op2insn_alu(opcode, bpf->offset, true);
818
1.76k
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_ALU);
819
1.76k
    } else {
820
47
      if (BPF_MISCOP(opcode) == BPF_MISCOP_TXA)
821
37
        id = BPF_INS_TXA;
822
10
      else
823
10
        id = BPF_INS_TAX;
824
47
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_MISC);
825
47
    }
826
1.81k
    break;
827
15.5k
  }
828
829
15.5k
  if (id == BPF_INS_INVALID)
830
28
    return false;
831
832
15.4k
  MCInst_setOpcodePub(MI, id);
833
15.4k
#undef PUSH_GROUP
834
835
15.4k
#ifndef CAPSTONE_DIET
836
15.4k
  if (detail) {
837
15.4k
    update_regs_access(MI, detail, id, opcode);
838
15.4k
  }
839
15.4k
#endif
840
15.4k
  return true;
841
15.5k
}
842
843
bool BPF_getInstruction(csh ud, const uint8_t *code, size_t code_len,
844
      MCInst *instr, uint16_t *size, uint64_t address,
845
      void *info)
846
15.9k
{
847
15.9k
  bpf_internal *bpf;
848
849
15.9k
  if (EBPF_MODE(instr->csh->mode))
850
11.4k
    bpf = fetch_ebpf(instr, code, code_len);
851
4.54k
  else
852
4.54k
    bpf = fetch_cbpf(instr, code, code_len);
853
15.9k
  if (bpf == NULL)
854
310
    return false;
855
15.6k
  if (!getInstruction(instr, bpf) || !setFinalOpcode(instr, bpf)) {
856
192
    cs_mem_free(bpf);
857
192
    return false;
858
192
  }
859
15.4k
  MCInst_setOpcode(instr, bpf->op);
860
861
15.4k
  *size = bpf->insn_size;
862
15.4k
  cs_mem_free(bpf);
863
864
15.4k
  return true;
865
15.6k
}
866
867
#endif