Coverage Report

Created: 2025-10-12 06:32

next uncovered line (L), next uncovered region (R), next uncovered branch (B)
/src/capstonenext/arch/BPF/BPFDisassembler.c
Line
Count
Source
1
/* Capstone Disassembly Engine */
2
/* BPF Backend by david942j <david942j@gmail.com>, 2019 */
3
/* SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2024 Roee Toledano <roeetoledano10@gmail.com> */
4
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3 */
5
6
#ifdef CAPSTONE_HAS_BPF
7
8
#include <string.h>
9
#include <stddef.h> // offsetof macro
10
11
#include "BPFConstants.h"
12
#include "BPFDisassembler.h"
13
#include "BPFMapping.h"
14
#include "../../Mapping.h"
15
#include "../../cs_priv.h"
16
#include "../../utils.h"
17
18
///< Malloc bpf_internal, also checks if code_len is large enough.
19
static bpf_internal *alloc_bpf_internal(const size_t code_len)
20
22.8k
{
21
22.8k
  bpf_internal *bpf;
22
23
22.8k
  if (code_len < 8)
24
287
    return NULL;
25
22.5k
  bpf = cs_mem_malloc(sizeof(bpf_internal));
26
22.5k
  if (bpf == NULL)
27
0
    return NULL;
28
  /* default value */
29
22.5k
  bpf->insn_size = 8;
30
22.5k
  return bpf;
31
22.5k
}
32
33
///< Fetch a cBPF structure from code
34
static bpf_internal *fetch_cbpf(MCInst *instr, const uint8_t *code,
35
        const size_t code_len)
36
7.14k
{
37
7.14k
  bpf_internal *bpf;
38
39
7.14k
  bpf = alloc_bpf_internal(code_len);
40
7.14k
  if (bpf == NULL)
41
101
    return NULL;
42
43
7.04k
  bpf->op = readBytes16(instr, code);
44
7.04k
  bpf->jt = code[2];
45
7.04k
  bpf->jf = code[3];
46
7.04k
  bpf->k = readBytes32(instr, code + 4);
47
7.04k
  return bpf;
48
7.14k
}
49
50
///< Fetch an eBPF structure from code
51
static bpf_internal *fetch_ebpf(MCInst *instr, const uint8_t *code,
52
        const size_t code_len)
53
15.6k
{
54
15.6k
  bpf_internal *bpf;
55
56
15.6k
  bpf = alloc_bpf_internal(code_len);
57
15.6k
  if (bpf == NULL)
58
186
    return NULL;
59
60
15.4k
  bpf->op = (uint16_t)code[0];
61
15.4k
  bpf->dst = code[1] & 0xf;
62
15.4k
  bpf->src = (code[1] & 0xf0) >> 4;
63
64
  // eBPF has one 16-byte instruction: BPF_LD | BPF_DW | BPF_IMM,
65
  // in this case imm is combined with the next block's imm.
66
15.4k
  if (bpf->op == (BPF_CLASS_LD | BPF_SIZE_DW | BPF_MODE_IMM)) {
67
302
    if (code_len < 16) {
68
1
      cs_mem_free(bpf);
69
1
      return NULL;
70
1
    }
71
301
    bpf->k = readBytes32(instr, code + 4) |
72
301
       (((uint64_t)readBytes32(instr, code + 12)) << 32);
73
301
    bpf->insn_size = 16;
74
15.1k
  } else {
75
15.1k
    bpf->offset = readBytes16(instr, code + 2);
76
15.1k
    bpf->k = readBytes32(instr, code + 4);
77
15.1k
  }
78
15.4k
  return bpf;
79
15.4k
}
80
81
#define CHECK_READABLE_REG(ud, reg) \
82
10.6k
  do { \
83
10.6k
    if (!((reg) >= BPF_REG_R0 && (reg) <= BPF_REG_R10)) \
84
10.6k
      return false; \
85
10.6k
  } while (0)
86
87
#define CHECK_WRITEABLE_REG(ud, reg) \
88
5.70k
  do { \
89
5.70k
    if (!((reg) >= BPF_REG_R0 && (reg) < BPF_REG_R10)) \
90
5.70k
      return false; \
91
5.70k
  } while (0)
92
93
#define CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, r) \
94
10.6k
  do { \
95
10.6k
    CHECK_READABLE_REG(ud, r + BPF_REG_R0); \
96
10.6k
    MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, r + BPF_REG_R0); \
97
10.5k
  } while (0)
98
99
#define CHECK_WRITABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, r) \
100
5.70k
  do { \
101
5.70k
    CHECK_WRITEABLE_REG(ud, r + BPF_REG_R0); \
102
5.70k
    MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, r + BPF_REG_R0); \
103
5.69k
  } while (0)
104
105
static bool decodeLoad(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
106
6.80k
{
107
6.80k
  if (!EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
108
    /*
109
     *  +-----+-----------+--------------------+
110
     *  | ldb |    [k]    |       [x+k]        |
111
     *  | ldh |    [k]    |       [x+k]        |
112
     *  +-----+-----------+--------------------+
113
     */
114
2.96k
    if (BPF_SIZE(bpf->op) == BPF_SIZE_DW)
115
5
      return false;
116
2.95k
    if (BPF_SIZE(bpf->op) == BPF_SIZE_B ||
117
2.51k
        BPF_SIZE(bpf->op) == BPF_SIZE_H) {
118
      /* no ldx */
119
801
      if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) != BPF_CLASS_LD)
120
4
        return false;
121
      /* can only be BPF_ABS and BPF_IND */
122
797
      if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_ABS) {
123
390
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
124
390
        return true;
125
407
      } else if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_IND) {
126
403
        MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_X);
127
403
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
128
403
        return true;
129
403
      }
130
4
      return false;
131
797
    }
132
    /*
133
     *  +-----+----+------+------+-----+-------+
134
     *  | ld  | #k | #len | M[k] | [k] | [x+k] |
135
     *  +-----+----+------+------+-----+-------+
136
     *  | ldx | #k | #len | M[k] | 4*([k]&0xf) |
137
     *  +-----+----+------+------+-------------+
138
     */
139
2.15k
    switch (BPF_MODE(bpf->op)) {
140
957
    default:
141
957
      break;
142
957
    case BPF_MODE_IMM:
143
478
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
144
478
      return true;
145
278
    case BPF_MODE_LEN:
146
278
      return true;
147
442
    case BPF_MODE_MEM:
148
442
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
149
442
      return true;
150
2.15k
    }
151
957
    if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) == BPF_CLASS_LD) {
152
871
      if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_ABS) {
153
623
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
154
623
        return true;
155
623
      } else if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_IND) {
156
245
        MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_X);
157
245
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
158
245
        return true;
159
245
      }
160
871
    } else { /* LDX */
161
86
      if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_MSH) {
162
82
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
163
82
        return true;
164
82
      }
165
86
    }
166
7
    return false;
167
957
  }
168
169
  /* eBPF mode */
170
  /*
171
   * - IMM: lddw dst, imm64
172
   * - ABS: ld{w,h,b} [k]
173
   * - IND: ld{w,h,b} [src]
174
   * - MEM: ldx{w,h,b,dw} dst, [src+off]
175
   */
176
3.84k
  if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) == BPF_CLASS_LD) {
177
2.01k
    switch (BPF_MODE(bpf->op)) {
178
338
    case BPF_MODE_IMM:
179
338
      if (bpf->op !=
180
338
          (BPF_CLASS_LD | BPF_SIZE_DW | BPF_MODE_IMM))
181
37
        return false;
182
301
      CHECK_WRITABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
183
300
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
184
300
      return true;
185
903
    case BPF_MODE_ABS:
186
903
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
187
903
      return true;
188
757
    case BPF_MODE_IND:
189
757
      CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
190
756
      return true;
191
2.01k
    }
192
20
    return false;
193
2.01k
  }
194
  /* LDX */
195
1.82k
  if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_MEM) {
196
1.80k
    CHECK_WRITABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
197
1.80k
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
198
1.80k
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->offset);
199
1.80k
    return true;
200
1.80k
  }
201
20
  return false;
202
1.82k
}
203
204
static bool decodeStore(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
205
1.72k
{
206
  /* in cBPF, only BPF_ST* | BPF_MEM | BPF_W is valid
207
   * while in eBPF:
208
   * - BPF_STX | BPF_XADD | BPF_{W,DW}
209
   * - BPF_ST* | BPF_MEM | BPF_{W,H,B,DW}
210
   * are valid
211
   */
212
1.72k
  if (!EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
213
    /* can only store to M[] */
214
56
    if (bpf->op != (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) | BPF_MODE_MEM | BPF_SIZE_W))
215
19
      return false;
216
37
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
217
37
    return true;
218
56
  }
219
220
  /* eBPF */
221
1.66k
  if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_ATOMIC) {
222
235
    if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) != BPF_CLASS_STX)
223
2
      return false;
224
233
    if (BPF_SIZE(bpf->op) != BPF_SIZE_W &&
225
111
        BPF_SIZE(bpf->op) != BPF_SIZE_DW)
226
1
      return false;
227
    /* xadd [dst + off], src */
228
232
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
229
230
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->offset);
230
230
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
231
228
    return true;
232
230
  }
233
234
1.43k
  if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) != BPF_MODE_MEM)
235
22
    return false;
236
237
  /* st [dst + off], src */
238
1.41k
  CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
239
1.40k
  MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->offset);
240
1.40k
  if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) == BPF_CLASS_ST)
241
767
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
242
640
  else
243
640
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
244
1.40k
  return true;
245
1.40k
}
246
247
static bool decodeALU(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
248
5.58k
{
249
  /* Set MI->Operands */
250
251
  /* cBPF */
252
5.58k
  if (!EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
253
1.94k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) > BPF_ALU_XOR)
254
1
      return false;
255
    /* cBPF's NEG has no operands */
256
1.94k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_ALU_NEG)
257
610
      return true;
258
1.33k
    if (BPF_SRC(bpf->op) == BPF_SRC_K)
259
581
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
260
756
    else /* BPF_SRC_X */
261
756
      MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_X);
262
1.33k
    return true;
263
1.94k
  }
264
265
  /* eBPF */
266
267
3.63k
  if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) > BPF_ALU_END)
268
12
    return false;
269
  /* ENDian's imm must be one of 16, 32, 64 */
270
3.62k
  if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_ALU_END) {
271
260
    if (bpf->k != 16 && bpf->k != 32 && bpf->k != 64)
272
29
      return false;
273
231
    if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) == BPF_CLASS_ALU64 &&
274
31
        BPF_SRC(bpf->op) != BPF_SRC_LITTLE)
275
1
      return false;
276
231
  }
277
278
  /* - op dst, imm
279
   * - op dst, src
280
   * - neg dst
281
   * - le<imm> dst
282
   */
283
  /* every ALU instructions have dst op */
284
3.59k
  CHECK_WRITABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
285
286
  /* special cases */
287
3.58k
  if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_ALU_NEG)
288
298
    return true;
289
3.28k
  if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_ALU_END) {
290
    /* bpf->k must be one of 16, 32, 64 */
291
230
    bpf->op |= ((uint32_t)bpf->k << 4);
292
230
    return true;
293
230
  }
294
295
  /* normal cases */
296
3.05k
  if (BPF_SRC(bpf->op) == BPF_SRC_K) {
297
2.69k
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
298
2.69k
  } else { /* BPF_SRC_X */
299
360
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
300
360
  }
301
3.05k
  return true;
302
3.05k
}
303
304
static bool decodeJump(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
305
7.48k
{
306
  /* cBPF and eBPF are very different in class jump */
307
7.48k
  if (!EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
308
1.16k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) > BPF_JUMP_JSET)
309
7
      return false;
310
311
    /* ja is a special case of jumps */
312
1.15k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_JUMP_JA) {
313
224
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
314
224
      return true;
315
224
    }
316
317
931
    if (BPF_SRC(bpf->op) == BPF_SRC_K)
318
366
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
319
565
    else /* BPF_SRC_X */
320
565
      MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_X);
321
931
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->jt);
322
931
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->jf);
323
6.31k
  } else {
324
6.31k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) > BPF_JUMP_JSLE)
325
5
      return false;
326
327
    /* JMP32 has no CALL/EXIT instruction */
328
    /* No operands for exit */
329
6.31k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_JUMP_EXIT)
330
215
      return bpf->op == (BPF_CLASS_JMP | BPF_JUMP_EXIT);
331
6.09k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_JUMP_CALL) {
332
680
      if (bpf->op == (BPF_CLASS_JMP | BPF_JUMP_CALL)) {
333
595
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
334
595
        return true;
335
595
      }
336
85
      if (bpf->op ==
337
85
          (BPF_CLASS_JMP | BPF_JUMP_CALL | BPF_SRC_X)) {
338
83
        CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->k);
339
54
        return true;
340
83
      }
341
2
      return false;
342
85
    }
343
344
    /* ja is a special case of jumps */
345
5.41k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_JUMP_JA) {
346
456
      if (BPF_SRC(bpf->op) != BPF_SRC_K)
347
2
        return false;
348
454
      if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) == BPF_CLASS_JMP)
349
353
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->offset);
350
101
      else
351
101
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
352
353
454
      return true;
354
456
    }
355
356
    /* <j>  dst, src, +off */
357
4.96k
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
358
4.95k
    if (BPF_SRC(bpf->op) == BPF_SRC_K)
359
4.82k
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
360
127
    else
361
127
      CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
362
4.95k
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->offset);
363
4.95k
  }
364
5.88k
  return true;
365
7.48k
}
366
367
static bool decodeReturn(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
368
791
{
369
  /* Here only handles the BPF_RET class in cBPF */
370
791
  switch (BPF_RVAL(bpf->op)) {
371
298
  case BPF_SRC_K:
372
298
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
373
298
    return true;
374
255
  case BPF_SRC_X:
375
255
    MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_X);
376
255
    return true;
377
235
  case BPF_SRC_A:
378
235
    MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_A);
379
235
    return true;
380
791
  }
381
3
  return false;
382
791
}
383
384
static bool decodeMISC(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
385
122
{
386
122
  uint16_t op = bpf->op ^ BPF_CLASS_MISC;
387
122
  return op == BPF_MISCOP_TAX || op == BPF_MISCOP_TXA;
388
122
}
389
390
///< 1. Check if the instruction is valid
391
///< 2. Set MI->opcode
392
///< 3. Set MI->Operands
393
static bool getInstruction(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
394
22.5k
{
395
22.5k
  cs_detail *detail;
396
397
22.5k
  detail = MI->flat_insn->detail;
398
  // initialize detail
399
22.5k
  if (detail) {
400
22.5k
    memset(detail, 0, offsetof(cs_detail, bpf) + sizeof(cs_bpf));
401
22.5k
  }
402
403
22.5k
  MCInst_clear(MI);
404
405
22.5k
  switch (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op)) {
406
0
  default: /* should never happen */
407
0
    return false;
408
4.33k
  case BPF_CLASS_LD:
409
6.80k
  case BPF_CLASS_LDX:
410
6.80k
    return decodeLoad(MI, bpf);
411
809
  case BPF_CLASS_ST:
412
1.72k
  case BPF_CLASS_STX:
413
1.72k
    return decodeStore(MI, bpf);
414
3.05k
  case BPF_CLASS_ALU:
415
3.05k
    return decodeALU(MI, bpf);
416
4.92k
  case BPF_CLASS_JMP:
417
4.92k
    return decodeJump(MI, bpf);
418
3.34k
  case BPF_CLASS_RET:
419
    /* case BPF_CLASS_JMP32: */
420
3.34k
    if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode))
421
2.55k
      return decodeJump(MI, bpf);
422
791
    else
423
791
      return decodeReturn(MI, bpf);
424
2.65k
  case BPF_CLASS_MISC:
425
    /* case BPF_CLASS_ALU64: */
426
2.65k
    if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode))
427
2.53k
      return decodeALU(MI, bpf);
428
122
    else
429
122
      return decodeMISC(MI, bpf);
430
22.5k
  }
431
22.5k
}
432
433
// Check for regular load instructions
434
#define REG_LOAD_CASE(c) \
435
5.17k
  case BPF_SIZE_##c: \
436
5.17k
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_LD) \
437
5.17k
      return BPF_INS_LD##c; \
438
5.17k
    else \
439
5.17k
      return BPF_INS_LDX##c;
440
441
static bpf_insn op2insn_ld_cbpf(unsigned opcode)
442
5.17k
{
443
5.17k
  switch (BPF_SIZE(opcode)) {
444
2.82k
    REG_LOAD_CASE(W);
445
610
    REG_LOAD_CASE(H);
446
718
    REG_LOAD_CASE(B);
447
1.02k
    REG_LOAD_CASE(DW);
448
5.17k
  }
449
450
0
  return BPF_INS_INVALID;
451
5.17k
}
452
#undef REG_LOAD_CASE
453
454
// Check for packet load instructions
455
#define PACKET_LOAD_CASE(c) \
456
1.53k
  case BPF_SIZE_##c: \
457
1.53k
    if (BPF_MODE(opcode) == BPF_MODE_ABS) \
458
1.53k
      return BPF_INS_LDABS##c; \
459
1.53k
    else if (BPF_MODE(opcode) == BPF_MODE_IND) \
460
737
      return BPF_INS_LDIND##c; \
461
737
    else \
462
737
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
463
464
static bpf_insn op2insn_ld_ebpf(unsigned opcode)
465
3.76k
{
466
3.76k
  if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_LD) {
467
1.95k
    switch (BPF_SIZE(opcode)) {
468
705
      PACKET_LOAD_CASE(W);
469
491
      PACKET_LOAD_CASE(H);
470
337
      PACKET_LOAD_CASE(B);
471
1.95k
    }
472
1.95k
  }
473
474
  // If it's not a packet load instruction, it must be a regular load instruction
475
2.23k
  return op2insn_ld_cbpf(opcode);
476
3.76k
}
477
#undef PACKET_LOAD_CASE
478
479
/* During parsing we already checked to make sure the size is D/DW and 
480
 * mode is STX and not ST, so we don't need to check again*/
481
#define ALU_CASE_REG(c) \
482
100
  case BPF_ALU_##c: \
483
100
    if (BPF_SIZE(opcode) == BPF_SIZE_W) \
484
100
      return BPF_INS_A##c; \
485
100
    else \
486
100
      return BPF_INS_A##c##64;
487
488
#define ALU_CASE_FETCH(c) \
489
92
  case BPF_ALU_##c | BPF_MODE_FETCH: \
490
92
    if (BPF_SIZE(opcode) == BPF_SIZE_W) \
491
92
      return BPF_INS_AF##c; \
492
92
    else \
493
92
      return BPF_INS_AF##c##64;
494
495
#define COMPLEX_CASE(c) \
496
23
  case BPF_ATOMIC_##c | BPF_MODE_FETCH: \
497
23
    if (BPF_SIZE(opcode) == BPF_SIZE_DW) \
498
23
      return BPF_INS_A##c##64; \
499
23
    else \
500
23
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
501
502
#define CASE(c) \
503
1.44k
  case BPF_SIZE_##c: \
504
1.44k
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_ST) \
505
1.44k
      return BPF_INS_ST##c; \
506
1.44k
    else \
507
1.44k
      return BPF_INS_STX##c;
508
509
static bpf_insn op2insn_st(unsigned opcode, const uint32_t imm)
510
1.67k
{
511
  /*
512
   * - BPF_STX | ALU atomic operations | BPF_{W,DW}
513
   * - BPF_STX | Complex atomic operations | BPF_{DW}
514
   * - BPF_ST* | BPF_MEM | BPF_{W,H,B,DW}
515
   */
516
517
1.67k
  if (BPF_MODE(opcode) == BPF_MODE_ATOMIC) {
518
228
    switch (imm) {
519
21
      ALU_CASE_REG(ADD);
520
36
      ALU_CASE_REG(OR);
521
30
      ALU_CASE_REG(AND);
522
13
      ALU_CASE_REG(XOR);
523
16
      ALU_CASE_FETCH(ADD);
524
30
      ALU_CASE_FETCH(OR);
525
28
      ALU_CASE_FETCH(AND);
526
18
      ALU_CASE_FETCH(XOR);
527
13
      COMPLEX_CASE(XCHG);
528
10
      COMPLEX_CASE(CMPXCHG);
529
13
    default: // Reached if complex atomic operation is used without fetch modifier
530
13
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
531
228
    }
532
228
  }
533
534
  /* should be BPF_MEM */
535
1.44k
  switch (BPF_SIZE(opcode)) {
536
385
    CASE(W);
537
345
    CASE(H);
538
456
    CASE(B);
539
257
    CASE(DW);
540
1.44k
  }
541
542
0
  return BPF_INS_INVALID;
543
1.44k
}
544
#undef CASE
545
546
#define CASE(c) \
547
4.52k
  case BPF_ALU_##c: \
548
4.52k
    CASE_IF(c)
549
550
#define CASE_IF(c) \
551
5.27k
  do { \
552
5.27k
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_ALU) \
553
5.27k
      return BPF_INS_##c; \
554
5.27k
    else \
555
5.27k
      return BPF_INS_##c##64; \
556
5.27k
  } while (0)
557
558
static bpf_insn op2insn_alu(unsigned opcode, const uint16_t off,
559
          const bool is_ebpf)
560
5.53k
{
561
  /* Endian is a special case */
562
5.53k
  if (BPF_OP(opcode) == BPF_ALU_END) {
563
230
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_ALU64) {
564
30
      switch (opcode ^ BPF_CLASS_ALU64 ^ BPF_ALU_END ^
565
30
        BPF_SRC_LITTLE) {
566
5
      case (16 << 4):
567
5
        return BPF_INS_BSWAP16;
568
8
      case (32 << 4):
569
8
        return BPF_INS_BSWAP32;
570
17
      case (64 << 4):
571
17
        return BPF_INS_BSWAP64;
572
0
      default:
573
0
        return BPF_INS_INVALID;
574
30
      }
575
30
    }
576
577
200
    switch (opcode ^ BPF_CLASS_ALU ^ BPF_ALU_END) {
578
9
    case BPF_SRC_LITTLE | (16 << 4):
579
9
      return BPF_INS_LE16;
580
9
    case BPF_SRC_LITTLE | (32 << 4):
581
9
      return BPF_INS_LE32;
582
11
    case BPF_SRC_LITTLE | (64 << 4):
583
11
      return BPF_INS_LE64;
584
45
    case BPF_SRC_BIG | (16 << 4):
585
45
      return BPF_INS_BE16;
586
112
    case BPF_SRC_BIG | (32 << 4):
587
112
      return BPF_INS_BE32;
588
14
    case BPF_SRC_BIG | (64 << 4):
589
14
      return BPF_INS_BE64;
590
200
    }
591
0
    return BPF_INS_INVALID;
592
200
  }
593
594
5.30k
  switch (BPF_OP(opcode)) {
595
338
    CASE(ADD);
596
294
    CASE(SUB);
597
261
    CASE(MUL);
598
410
    CASE(OR);
599
230
    CASE(AND);
600
880
    CASE(LSH);
601
513
    CASE(RSH);
602
908
    CASE(NEG);
603
256
    CASE(XOR);
604
438
    CASE(ARSH);
605
350
  case BPF_ALU_DIV:
606
350
    if (!is_ebpf || off == 0)
607
312
      CASE_IF(DIV);
608
38
    else if (off == 1)
609
28
      CASE_IF(SDIV);
610
10
    else
611
10
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
612
301
  case BPF_ALU_MOD:
613
301
    if (!is_ebpf || off == 0)
614
260
      CASE_IF(MOD);
615
41
    else if (off == 1)
616
34
      CASE_IF(SMOD);
617
7
    else
618
7
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
619
122
  case BPF_ALU_MOV:
620
    /* BPF_CLASS_ALU can have: mov, mov8s, mov16s
621
     * BPF_CLASS_ALU64 can have: mov, mov8s, mov16s, mov32s
622
     * */
623
122
    if (off == 0)
624
23
      CASE_IF(MOV);
625
99
    else if (off == 8)
626
57
      CASE_IF(MOVSB);
627
42
    else if (off == 16)
628
29
      CASE_IF(MOVSH);
629
13
    else if (off == 32 && BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_ALU64)
630
6
      return BPF_INS_MOVSW64;
631
7
    else
632
7
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
633
5.30k
  }
634
635
0
  return BPF_INS_INVALID;
636
5.30k
}
637
#undef CASE_IF
638
#undef CASE
639
640
7.42k
#define BPF_CALLX (BPF_CLASS_JMP | BPF_JUMP_CALL | BPF_SRC_X)
641
642
#define CASE(c) \
643
5.88k
  case BPF_JUMP_##c: \
644
5.88k
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_JMP) \
645
5.88k
      return BPF_INS_##c; \
646
5.88k
    else \
647
5.88k
      return BPF_INS_##c##32;
648
649
#define SPEC_CASE(c) \
650
806
  case BPF_JUMP_##c: \
651
806
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_JMP) \
652
806
      return BPF_INS_##c; \
653
806
    else \
654
806
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
655
656
static bpf_insn op2insn_jmp(unsigned opcode)
657
7.42k
{
658
7.42k
  if (opcode == BPF_CALLX) {
659
54
    return BPF_INS_CALLX;
660
54
  }
661
662
7.36k
  switch (BPF_OP(opcode)) {
663
678
  case BPF_JUMP_JA:
664
678
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_JMP)
665
577
      return BPF_INS_JA;
666
101
    else
667
101
      return BPF_INS_JAL;
668
482
    CASE(JEQ);
669
221
    CASE(JGT);
670
381
    CASE(JGE);
671
721
    CASE(JSET);
672
232
    CASE(JNE);
673
401
    CASE(JSGT);
674
610
    CASE(JSGE);
675
595
    SPEC_CASE(CALL);
676
211
    SPEC_CASE(EXIT);
677
604
    CASE(JLT);
678
615
    CASE(JLE);
679
813
    CASE(JSLT);
680
803
    CASE(JSLE);
681
7.36k
  }
682
683
0
  return BPF_INS_INVALID;
684
7.36k
}
685
#undef SPEC_CASE
686
#undef CASE
687
#undef BPF_CALLX
688
689
#ifndef CAPSTONE_DIET
690
691
static void update_regs_access(MCInst *MI, cs_detail *detail, bpf_insn insn_id,
692
             unsigned int opcode)
693
22.1k
{
694
22.1k
  if (insn_id == BPF_INS_INVALID)
695
0
    return;
696
  /*
697
   * In eBPF mode, only these instructions have implicit registers access:
698
   * - legacy ld{w,h,b,dw} * // w: r0
699
   * - exit // r: r0
700
   */
701
22.1k
  if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
702
15.2k
    switch (insn_id) {
703
13.0k
    default:
704
13.0k
      break;
705
13.0k
    case BPF_INS_LDABSW:
706
558
    case BPF_INS_LDABSH:
707
796
    case BPF_INS_LDABSB:
708
1.17k
    case BPF_INS_LDINDW:
709
1.43k
    case BPF_INS_LDINDH:
710
1.53k
    case BPF_INS_LDINDB:
711
1.95k
    case BPF_INS_LDDW:
712
1.95k
      if (BPF_MODE(opcode) == BPF_MODE_ABS ||
713
1.05k
          BPF_MODE(opcode) == BPF_MODE_IND)
714
1.65k
        map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_R0);
715
1.95k
      break;
716
211
    case BPF_INS_EXIT:
717
211
      map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_R0);
718
211
      break;
719
15.2k
    }
720
15.2k
    return;
721
15.2k
  }
722
723
  /* cBPF mode */
724
6.97k
  switch (BPF_CLASS(opcode)) {
725
788
  default:
726
788
    break;
727
2.30k
  case BPF_CLASS_LD:
728
2.30k
    map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_A);
729
2.30k
    break;
730
638
  case BPF_CLASS_LDX:
731
638
    map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_X);
732
638
    break;
733
19
  case BPF_CLASS_ST:
734
19
    map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_A);
735
19
    break;
736
18
  case BPF_CLASS_STX:
737
18
    map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_X);
738
18
    break;
739
1.94k
  case BPF_CLASS_ALU:
740
1.94k
    map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_A);
741
1.94k
    map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_A);
742
1.94k
    break;
743
1.15k
  case BPF_CLASS_JMP:
744
1.15k
    if (insn_id != BPF_INS_JA) // except the unconditional jump
745
931
      map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_A);
746
1.15k
    break;
747
  /* case BPF_CLASS_RET: */
748
107
  case BPF_CLASS_MISC:
749
107
    if (insn_id == BPF_INS_TAX) {
750
60
      map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_A);
751
60
      map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_X);
752
60
    } else {
753
47
      map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_X);
754
47
      map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_A);
755
47
    }
756
107
    break;
757
6.97k
  }
758
6.97k
}
759
#endif
760
761
static bool setFinalOpcode(MCInst *MI, const bpf_internal *bpf)
762
22.2k
{
763
22.2k
  bpf_insn id = BPF_INS_INVALID;
764
22.2k
#ifndef CAPSTONE_DIET
765
22.2k
  cs_detail *detail;
766
767
22.2k
  detail = get_detail(MI);
768
22.2k
#endif
769
770
22.2k
  const uint16_t opcode = bpf->op;
771
22.2k
  switch (BPF_CLASS(opcode)) {
772
0
  default: // will never happen
773
0
    break;
774
4.26k
  case BPF_CLASS_LD:
775
6.70k
  case BPF_CLASS_LDX:
776
6.70k
    if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode))
777
3.76k
      id = op2insn_ld_ebpf(opcode);
778
2.94k
    else
779
2.94k
      id = op2insn_ld_cbpf(opcode);
780
6.70k
    add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_LOAD);
781
6.70k
    break;
782
786
  case BPF_CLASS_ST:
783
1.67k
  case BPF_CLASS_STX:
784
1.67k
    id = op2insn_st(opcode, bpf->k);
785
1.67k
    add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_STORE);
786
1.67k
    break;
787
3.03k
  case BPF_CLASS_ALU:
788
3.03k
    id = op2insn_alu(opcode, bpf->offset, EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode));
789
3.03k
    add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_ALU);
790
3.03k
    break;
791
4.87k
  case BPF_CLASS_JMP:
792
4.87k
    id = op2insn_jmp(opcode);
793
4.87k
#ifndef CAPSTONE_DIET
794
4.87k
    if (id == BPF_INS_CALL || id == BPF_INS_CALLX)
795
649
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_CALL);
796
4.22k
    else if (id == BPF_INS_EXIT)
797
211
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_RETURN);
798
4.01k
    else
799
4.01k
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_JUMP);
800
4.87k
#endif
801
4.87k
    break;
802
3.33k
  case BPF_CLASS_RET:
803
    /* case BPF_CLASS_JMP32: */
804
3.33k
    if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
805
2.54k
      id = op2insn_jmp(opcode);
806
2.54k
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_JUMP);
807
2.54k
    } else {
808
788
      id = BPF_INS_RET;
809
788
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_RETURN);
810
788
    }
811
3.33k
    break;
812
  // BPF_CLASS_MISC and BPF_CLASS_ALU64 have exactly same value
813
2.60k
  case BPF_CLASS_MISC:
814
    /* case BPF_CLASS_ALU64: */
815
2.60k
    if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
816
      // ALU64 in eBPF
817
2.49k
      id = op2insn_alu(opcode, bpf->offset, true);
818
2.49k
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_ALU);
819
2.49k
    } else {
820
107
      if (BPF_MISCOP(opcode) == BPF_MISCOP_TXA)
821
47
        id = BPF_INS_TXA;
822
60
      else
823
60
        id = BPF_INS_TAX;
824
107
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_MISC);
825
107
    }
826
2.60k
    break;
827
22.2k
  }
828
829
22.2k
  if (id == BPF_INS_INVALID)
830
38
    return false;
831
832
22.1k
  MCInst_setOpcodePub(MI, id);
833
22.1k
#undef PUSH_GROUP
834
835
22.1k
#ifndef CAPSTONE_DIET
836
22.1k
  if (detail) {
837
22.1k
    update_regs_access(MI, detail, id, opcode);
838
22.1k
  }
839
22.1k
#endif
840
22.1k
  return true;
841
22.2k
}
842
843
bool BPF_getInstruction(csh ud, const uint8_t *code, size_t code_len,
844
      MCInst *instr, uint16_t *size, uint64_t address,
845
      void *info)
846
22.8k
{
847
22.8k
  bpf_internal *bpf;
848
849
22.8k
  if (EBPF_MODE(instr->csh->mode))
850
15.6k
    bpf = fetch_ebpf(instr, code, code_len);
851
7.14k
  else
852
7.14k
    bpf = fetch_cbpf(instr, code, code_len);
853
22.8k
  if (bpf == NULL)
854
288
    return false;
855
22.5k
  if (!getInstruction(instr, bpf) || !setFinalOpcode(instr, bpf)) {
856
328
    cs_mem_free(bpf);
857
328
    return false;
858
328
  }
859
22.1k
  MCInst_setOpcode(instr, bpf->op);
860
861
22.1k
  *size = bpf->insn_size;
862
22.1k
  cs_mem_free(bpf);
863
864
  return true;
865
22.5k
}
866
867
#endif