Coverage Report

Created: 2025-11-16 06:38

next uncovered line (L), next uncovered region (R), next uncovered branch (B)
/src/capstonenext/arch/BPF/BPFDisassembler.c
Line
Count
Source
1
/* Capstone Disassembly Engine */
2
/* BPF Backend by david942j <david942j@gmail.com>, 2019 */
3
/* SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2024 Roee Toledano <roeetoledano10@gmail.com> */
4
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3 */
5
6
#ifdef CAPSTONE_HAS_BPF
7
8
#include <string.h>
9
#include <stddef.h> // offsetof macro
10
11
#include "BPFConstants.h"
12
#include "BPFDisassembler.h"
13
#include "BPFMapping.h"
14
#include "../../Mapping.h"
15
#include "../../cs_priv.h"
16
#include "../../utils.h"
17
18
///< Malloc bpf_internal, also checks if code_len is large enough.
19
static bpf_internal *alloc_bpf_internal(const size_t code_len)
20
36.0k
{
21
36.0k
  bpf_internal *bpf;
22
23
36.0k
  if (code_len < 8)
24
515
    return NULL;
25
35.5k
  bpf = cs_mem_malloc(sizeof(bpf_internal));
26
35.5k
  if (bpf == NULL)
27
0
    return NULL;
28
  /* default value */
29
35.5k
  bpf->insn_size = 8;
30
35.5k
  return bpf;
31
35.5k
}
32
33
///< Fetch a cBPF structure from code
34
static bpf_internal *fetch_cbpf(MCInst *instr, const uint8_t *code,
35
        const size_t code_len)
36
12.6k
{
37
12.6k
  bpf_internal *bpf;
38
39
12.6k
  bpf = alloc_bpf_internal(code_len);
40
12.6k
  if (bpf == NULL)
41
152
    return NULL;
42
43
12.5k
  bpf->op = readBytes16(instr, code);
44
12.5k
  bpf->jt = code[2];
45
12.5k
  bpf->jf = code[3];
46
12.5k
  bpf->k = readBytes32(instr, code + 4);
47
12.5k
  return bpf;
48
12.6k
}
49
50
///< Fetch an eBPF structure from code
51
static bpf_internal *fetch_ebpf(MCInst *instr, const uint8_t *code,
52
        const size_t code_len)
53
23.4k
{
54
23.4k
  bpf_internal *bpf;
55
56
23.4k
  bpf = alloc_bpf_internal(code_len);
57
23.4k
  if (bpf == NULL)
58
363
    return NULL;
59
60
23.0k
  bpf->op = (uint16_t)code[0];
61
23.0k
  bpf->dst = code[1] & 0xf;
62
23.0k
  bpf->src = (code[1] & 0xf0) >> 4;
63
64
  // eBPF has one 16-byte instruction: BPF_LD | BPF_DW | BPF_IMM,
65
  // in this case imm is combined with the next block's imm.
66
23.0k
  if (bpf->op == (BPF_CLASS_LD | BPF_SIZE_DW | BPF_MODE_IMM)) {
67
630
    if (code_len < 16) {
68
4
      cs_mem_free(bpf);
69
4
      return NULL;
70
4
    }
71
626
    bpf->k = readBytes32(instr, code + 4) |
72
626
       (((uint64_t)readBytes32(instr, code + 12)) << 32);
73
626
    bpf->insn_size = 16;
74
22.4k
  } else {
75
22.4k
    bpf->offset = readBytes16(instr, code + 2);
76
22.4k
    bpf->k = readBytes32(instr, code + 4);
77
22.4k
  }
78
23.0k
  return bpf;
79
23.0k
}
80
81
#define CHECK_READABLE_REG(ud, reg) \
82
13.2k
  do { \
83
13.2k
    if (!((reg) >= BPF_REG_R0 && (reg) <= BPF_REG_R10)) \
84
13.2k
      return false; \
85
13.2k
  } while (0)
86
87
#define CHECK_WRITEABLE_REG(ud, reg) \
88
5.68k
  do { \
89
5.68k
    if (!((reg) >= BPF_REG_R0 && (reg) < BPF_REG_R10)) \
90
5.68k
      return false; \
91
5.68k
  } while (0)
92
93
#define CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, r) \
94
13.2k
  do { \
95
13.2k
    CHECK_READABLE_REG(ud, r + BPF_REG_R0); \
96
13.2k
    MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, r + BPF_REG_R0); \
97
13.1k
  } while (0)
98
99
#define CHECK_WRITABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, r) \
100
5.68k
  do { \
101
5.68k
    CHECK_WRITEABLE_REG(ud, r + BPF_REG_R0); \
102
5.68k
    MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, r + BPF_REG_R0); \
103
5.68k
  } while (0)
104
105
static bool decodeLoad(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
106
10.2k
{
107
10.2k
  if (!EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
108
    /*
109
     *  +-----+-----------+--------------------+
110
     *  | ldb |    [k]    |       [x+k]        |
111
     *  | ldh |    [k]    |       [x+k]        |
112
     *  +-----+-----------+--------------------+
113
     */
114
4.88k
    if (BPF_SIZE(bpf->op) == BPF_SIZE_DW)
115
4
      return false;
116
4.87k
    if (BPF_SIZE(bpf->op) == BPF_SIZE_B ||
117
4.32k
        BPF_SIZE(bpf->op) == BPF_SIZE_H) {
118
      /* no ldx */
119
1.03k
      if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) != BPF_CLASS_LD)
120
3
        return false;
121
      /* can only be BPF_ABS and BPF_IND */
122
1.03k
      if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_ABS) {
123
530
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
124
530
        return true;
125
530
      } else if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_IND) {
126
496
        MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_X);
127
496
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
128
496
        return true;
129
496
      }
130
4
      return false;
131
1.03k
    }
132
    /*
133
     *  +-----+----+------+------+-----+-------+
134
     *  | ld  | #k | #len | M[k] | [k] | [x+k] |
135
     *  +-----+----+------+------+-----+-------+
136
     *  | ldx | #k | #len | M[k] | 4*([k]&0xf) |
137
     *  +-----+----+------+------+-------------+
138
     */
139
3.84k
    switch (BPF_MODE(bpf->op)) {
140
1.40k
    default:
141
1.40k
      break;
142
1.41k
    case BPF_MODE_IMM:
143
1.41k
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
144
1.41k
      return true;
145
485
    case BPF_MODE_LEN:
146
485
      return true;
147
537
    case BPF_MODE_MEM:
148
537
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
149
537
      return true;
150
3.84k
    }
151
1.40k
    if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) == BPF_CLASS_LD) {
152
997
      if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_ABS) {
153
579
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
154
579
        return true;
155
579
      } else if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_IND) {
156
415
        MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_X);
157
415
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
158
415
        return true;
159
415
      }
160
997
    } else { /* LDX */
161
410
      if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_MSH) {
162
408
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
163
408
        return true;
164
408
      }
165
410
    }
166
5
    return false;
167
1.40k
  }
168
169
  /* eBPF mode */
170
  /*
171
   * - IMM: lddw dst, imm64
172
   * - ABS: ld{w,h,b} [k]
173
   * - IND: ld{w,h,b} [src]
174
   * - MEM: ldx{w,h,b,dw} dst, [src+off]
175
   */
176
5.37k
  if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) == BPF_CLASS_LD) {
177
4.07k
    switch (BPF_MODE(bpf->op)) {
178
643
    case BPF_MODE_IMM:
179
643
      if (bpf->op !=
180
643
          (BPF_CLASS_LD | BPF_SIZE_DW | BPF_MODE_IMM))
181
17
        return false;
182
626
      CHECK_WRITABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
183
624
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
184
624
      return true;
185
2.21k
    case BPF_MODE_ABS:
186
2.21k
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
187
2.21k
      return true;
188
1.20k
    case BPF_MODE_IND:
189
1.20k
      CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
190
1.20k
      return true;
191
4.07k
    }
192
8
    return false;
193
4.07k
  }
194
  /* LDX */
195
1.29k
  if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_MEM) {
196
1.28k
    CHECK_WRITABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
197
1.28k
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
198
1.28k
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->offset);
199
1.28k
    return true;
200
1.28k
  }
201
10
  return false;
202
1.29k
}
203
204
static bool decodeStore(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
205
4.11k
{
206
  /* in cBPF, only BPF_ST* | BPF_MEM | BPF_W is valid
207
   * while in eBPF:
208
   * - BPF_STX | BPF_XADD | BPF_{W,DW}
209
   * - BPF_ST* | BPF_MEM | BPF_{W,H,B,DW}
210
   * are valid
211
   */
212
4.11k
  if (!EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
213
    /* can only store to M[] */
214
680
    if (bpf->op != (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) | BPF_MODE_MEM | BPF_SIZE_W))
215
7
      return false;
216
673
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
217
673
    return true;
218
680
  }
219
220
  /* eBPF */
221
3.43k
  if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) == BPF_MODE_ATOMIC) {
222
749
    if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) != BPF_CLASS_STX)
223
2
      return false;
224
747
    if (BPF_SIZE(bpf->op) != BPF_SIZE_W &&
225
301
        BPF_SIZE(bpf->op) != BPF_SIZE_DW)
226
2
      return false;
227
    /* xadd [dst + off], src */
228
745
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
229
741
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->offset);
230
741
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
231
739
    return true;
232
741
  }
233
234
2.68k
  if (BPF_MODE(bpf->op) != BPF_MODE_MEM)
235
10
    return false;
236
237
  /* st [dst + off], src */
238
2.67k
  CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
239
2.67k
  MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->offset);
240
2.67k
  if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) == BPF_CLASS_ST)
241
1.41k
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
242
1.25k
  else
243
1.25k
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
244
2.67k
  return true;
245
2.67k
}
246
247
static bool decodeALU(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
248
5.65k
{
249
  /* Set MI->Operands */
250
251
  /* cBPF */
252
5.65k
  if (!EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
253
1.83k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) > BPF_ALU_XOR)
254
1
      return false;
255
    /* cBPF's NEG has no operands */
256
1.83k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_ALU_NEG)
257
209
      return true;
258
1.62k
    if (BPF_SRC(bpf->op) == BPF_SRC_K)
259
864
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
260
764
    else /* BPF_SRC_X */
261
764
      MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_X);
262
1.62k
    return true;
263
1.83k
  }
264
265
  /* eBPF */
266
267
3.82k
  if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) > BPF_ALU_END)
268
8
    return false;
269
  /* ENDian's imm must be one of 16, 32, 64 */
270
3.81k
  if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_ALU_END) {
271
415
    if (bpf->k != 16 && bpf->k != 32 && bpf->k != 64)
272
37
      return false;
273
378
    if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) == BPF_CLASS_ALU64 &&
274
134
        BPF_SRC(bpf->op) != BPF_SRC_LITTLE)
275
1
      return false;
276
378
  }
277
278
  /* - op dst, imm
279
   * - op dst, src
280
   * - neg dst
281
   * - le<imm> dst
282
   */
283
  /* every ALU instructions have dst op */
284
3.77k
  CHECK_WRITABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
285
286
  /* special cases */
287
3.77k
  if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_ALU_NEG)
288
227
    return true;
289
3.54k
  if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_ALU_END) {
290
    /* bpf->k must be one of 16, 32, 64 */
291
377
    bpf->op |= ((uint32_t)bpf->k << 4);
292
377
    return true;
293
377
  }
294
295
  /* normal cases */
296
3.16k
  if (BPF_SRC(bpf->op) == BPF_SRC_K) {
297
2.68k
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
298
2.68k
  } else { /* BPF_SRC_X */
299
481
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
300
481
  }
301
3.16k
  return true;
302
3.16k
}
303
304
static bool decodeJump(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
305
6.48k
{
306
  /* cBPF and eBPF are very different in class jump */
307
6.48k
  if (!EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
308
1.03k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) > BPF_JUMP_JSET)
309
2
      return false;
310
311
    /* ja is a special case of jumps */
312
1.02k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_JUMP_JA) {
313
236
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
314
236
      return true;
315
236
    }
316
317
792
    if (BPF_SRC(bpf->op) == BPF_SRC_K)
318
376
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
319
416
    else /* BPF_SRC_X */
320
416
      MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_X);
321
792
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->jt);
322
792
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->jf);
323
5.45k
  } else {
324
5.45k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) > BPF_JUMP_JSLE)
325
4
      return false;
326
327
    /* JMP32 has no CALL/EXIT instruction */
328
    /* No operands for exit */
329
5.45k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_JUMP_EXIT)
330
249
      return bpf->op == (BPF_CLASS_JMP | BPF_JUMP_EXIT);
331
5.20k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_JUMP_CALL) {
332
405
      if (bpf->op == (BPF_CLASS_JMP | BPF_JUMP_CALL)) {
333
352
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
334
352
        return true;
335
352
      }
336
53
      if (bpf->op ==
337
53
          (BPF_CLASS_JMP | BPF_JUMP_CALL | BPF_SRC_X)) {
338
52
        CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->k);
339
19
        return true;
340
52
      }
341
1
      return false;
342
53
    }
343
344
    /* ja is a special case of jumps */
345
4.79k
    if (BPF_OP(bpf->op) == BPF_JUMP_JA) {
346
411
      if (BPF_SRC(bpf->op) != BPF_SRC_K)
347
2
        return false;
348
409
      if (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op) == BPF_CLASS_JMP)
349
201
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->offset);
350
208
      else
351
208
        MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
352
353
409
      return true;
354
411
    }
355
356
    /* <j>  dst, src, +off */
357
4.38k
    CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->dst);
358
4.37k
    if (BPF_SRC(bpf->op) == BPF_SRC_K)
359
4.00k
      MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
360
378
    else
361
378
      CHECK_READABLE_AND_PUSH(ud, MI, bpf->src);
362
4.37k
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->offset);
363
4.37k
  }
364
5.16k
  return true;
365
6.48k
}
366
367
static bool decodeReturn(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
368
1.23k
{
369
  /* Here only handles the BPF_RET class in cBPF */
370
1.23k
  switch (BPF_RVAL(bpf->op)) {
371
407
  case BPF_SRC_K:
372
407
    MCOperand_CreateImm0(MI, bpf->k);
373
407
    return true;
374
421
  case BPF_SRC_X:
375
421
    MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_X);
376
421
    return true;
377
404
  case BPF_SRC_A:
378
404
    MCOperand_CreateReg0(MI, BPF_REG_A);
379
404
    return true;
380
1.23k
  }
381
2
  return false;
382
1.23k
}
383
384
static bool decodeMISC(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
385
435
{
386
435
  uint16_t op = bpf->op ^ BPF_CLASS_MISC;
387
435
  return op == BPF_MISCOP_TAX || op == BPF_MISCOP_TXA;
388
435
}
389
390
///< 1. Check if the instruction is valid
391
///< 2. Set MI->opcode
392
///< 3. Set MI->Operands
393
static bool getInstruction(MCInst *MI, bpf_internal *bpf)
394
21.5k
{
395
21.5k
  cs_detail *detail;
396
397
21.5k
  detail = MI->flat_insn->detail;
398
  // initialize detail
399
21.5k
  if (detail) {
400
21.5k
    memset(detail, 0, offsetof(cs_detail, bpf) + sizeof(cs_bpf));
401
21.5k
  }
402
403
21.5k
  MCInst_clear(MI);
404
405
21.5k
  switch (BPF_CLASS(bpf->op)) {
406
0
  default: /* should never happen */
407
0
    return false;
408
4.71k
  case BPF_CLASS_LD:
409
6.24k
  case BPF_CLASS_LDX:
410
6.24k
    return decodeLoad(MI, bpf);
411
955
  case BPF_CLASS_ST:
412
2.38k
  case BPF_CLASS_STX:
413
2.38k
    return decodeStore(MI, bpf);
414
3.03k
  case BPF_CLASS_ALU:
415
3.03k
    return decodeALU(MI, bpf);
416
3.74k
  case BPF_CLASS_JMP:
417
3.74k
    return decodeJump(MI, bpf);
418
3.37k
  case BPF_CLASS_RET:
419
    /* case BPF_CLASS_JMP32: */
420
3.37k
    if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode))
421
2.74k
      return decodeJump(MI, bpf);
422
633
    else
423
633
      return decodeReturn(MI, bpf);
424
2.76k
  case BPF_CLASS_MISC:
425
    /* case BPF_CLASS_ALU64: */
426
2.76k
    if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode))
427
2.62k
      return decodeALU(MI, bpf);
428
133
    else
429
133
      return decodeMISC(MI, bpf);
430
21.5k
  }
431
21.5k
}
432
433
// Check for regular load instructions
434
#define REG_LOAD_CASE(c) \
435
4.01k
  case BPF_SIZE_##c: \
436
4.01k
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_LD) \
437
4.01k
      return BPF_INS_LD##c; \
438
4.01k
    else \
439
4.01k
      return BPF_INS_LDX##c;
440
441
static bpf_insn op2insn_ld_cbpf(unsigned opcode)
442
4.01k
{
443
4.01k
  switch (BPF_SIZE(opcode)) {
444
2.39k
    REG_LOAD_CASE(W);
445
464
    REG_LOAD_CASE(H);
446
519
    REG_LOAD_CASE(B);
447
644
    REG_LOAD_CASE(DW);
448
4.01k
  }
449
450
0
  return BPF_INS_INVALID;
451
4.01k
}
452
#undef REG_LOAD_CASE
453
454
// Check for packet load instructions
455
#define PACKET_LOAD_CASE(c) \
456
2.18k
  case BPF_SIZE_##c: \
457
2.18k
    if (BPF_MODE(opcode) == BPF_MODE_ABS) \
458
2.18k
      return BPF_INS_LDABS##c; \
459
2.18k
    else if (BPF_MODE(opcode) == BPF_MODE_IND) \
460
800
      return BPF_INS_LDIND##c; \
461
800
    else \
462
800
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
463
464
static bpf_insn op2insn_ld_ebpf(unsigned opcode)
465
3.45k
{
466
3.45k
  if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_LD) {
467
2.62k
    switch (BPF_SIZE(opcode)) {
468
1.19k
      PACKET_LOAD_CASE(W);
469
527
      PACKET_LOAD_CASE(H);
470
458
      PACKET_LOAD_CASE(B);
471
2.62k
    }
472
2.62k
  }
473
474
  // If it's not a packet load instruction, it must be a regular load instruction
475
1.27k
  return op2insn_ld_cbpf(opcode);
476
3.45k
}
477
#undef PACKET_LOAD_CASE
478
479
/* During parsing we already checked to make sure the size is D/DW and 
480
 * mode is STX and not ST, so we don't need to check again*/
481
#define ALU_CASE_REG(c) \
482
211
  case BPF_ALU_##c: \
483
211
    if (BPF_SIZE(opcode) == BPF_SIZE_W) \
484
211
      return BPF_INS_A##c; \
485
211
    else \
486
211
      return BPF_INS_A##c##64;
487
488
#define ALU_CASE_FETCH(c) \
489
149
  case BPF_ALU_##c | BPF_MODE_FETCH: \
490
149
    if (BPF_SIZE(opcode) == BPF_SIZE_W) \
491
149
      return BPF_INS_AF##c; \
492
149
    else \
493
149
      return BPF_INS_AF##c##64;
494
495
#define COMPLEX_CASE(c) \
496
38
  case BPF_ATOMIC_##c | BPF_MODE_FETCH: \
497
38
    if (BPF_SIZE(opcode) == BPF_SIZE_DW) \
498
38
      return BPF_INS_A##c##64; \
499
38
    else \
500
38
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
501
502
#define CASE(c) \
503
1.94k
  case BPF_SIZE_##c: \
504
1.94k
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_ST) \
505
1.94k
      return BPF_INS_ST##c; \
506
1.94k
    else \
507
1.94k
      return BPF_INS_STX##c;
508
509
static bpf_insn op2insn_st(unsigned opcode, const uint32_t imm)
510
2.35k
{
511
  /*
512
   * - BPF_STX | ALU atomic operations | BPF_{W,DW}
513
   * - BPF_STX | Complex atomic operations | BPF_{DW}
514
   * - BPF_ST* | BPF_MEM | BPF_{W,H,B,DW}
515
   */
516
517
2.35k
  if (BPF_MODE(opcode) == BPF_MODE_ATOMIC) {
518
408
    switch (imm) {
519
37
      ALU_CASE_REG(ADD);
520
52
      ALU_CASE_REG(OR);
521
68
      ALU_CASE_REG(AND);
522
54
      ALU_CASE_REG(XOR);
523
29
      ALU_CASE_FETCH(ADD);
524
36
      ALU_CASE_FETCH(OR);
525
45
      ALU_CASE_FETCH(AND);
526
39
      ALU_CASE_FETCH(XOR);
527
19
      COMPLEX_CASE(XCHG);
528
19
      COMPLEX_CASE(CMPXCHG);
529
10
    default: // Reached if complex atomic operation is used without fetch modifier
530
10
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
531
408
    }
532
408
  }
533
534
  /* should be BPF_MEM */
535
1.94k
  switch (BPF_SIZE(opcode)) {
536
741
    CASE(W);
537
280
    CASE(H);
538
659
    CASE(B);
539
269
    CASE(DW);
540
1.94k
  }
541
542
0
  return BPF_INS_INVALID;
543
1.94k
}
544
#undef CASE
545
546
#define CASE(c) \
547
4.24k
  case BPF_ALU_##c: \
548
4.24k
    CASE_IF(c)
549
550
#define CASE_IF(c) \
551
5.18k
  do { \
552
5.18k
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_ALU) \
553
5.18k
      return BPF_INS_##c; \
554
5.18k
    else \
555
5.18k
      return BPF_INS_##c##64; \
556
5.18k
  } while (0)
557
558
static bpf_insn op2insn_alu(unsigned opcode, const uint16_t off,
559
          const bool is_ebpf)
560
5.60k
{
561
  /* Endian is a special case */
562
5.60k
  if (BPF_OP(opcode) == BPF_ALU_END) {
563
377
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_ALU64) {
564
133
      switch (opcode ^ BPF_CLASS_ALU64 ^ BPF_ALU_END ^
565
133
        BPF_SRC_LITTLE) {
566
97
      case (16 << 4):
567
97
        return BPF_INS_BSWAP16;
568
18
      case (32 << 4):
569
18
        return BPF_INS_BSWAP32;
570
18
      case (64 << 4):
571
18
        return BPF_INS_BSWAP64;
572
0
      default:
573
0
        return BPF_INS_INVALID;
574
133
      }
575
133
    }
576
577
244
    switch (opcode ^ BPF_CLASS_ALU ^ BPF_ALU_END) {
578
39
    case BPF_SRC_LITTLE | (16 << 4):
579
39
      return BPF_INS_LE16;
580
18
    case BPF_SRC_LITTLE | (32 << 4):
581
18
      return BPF_INS_LE32;
582
18
    case BPF_SRC_LITTLE | (64 << 4):
583
18
      return BPF_INS_LE64;
584
43
    case BPF_SRC_BIG | (16 << 4):
585
43
      return BPF_INS_BE16;
586
108
    case BPF_SRC_BIG | (32 << 4):
587
108
      return BPF_INS_BE32;
588
18
    case BPF_SRC_BIG | (64 << 4):
589
18
      return BPF_INS_BE64;
590
244
    }
591
0
    return BPF_INS_INVALID;
592
244
  }
593
594
5.22k
  switch (BPF_OP(opcode)) {
595
415
    CASE(ADD);
596
273
    CASE(SUB);
597
423
    CASE(MUL);
598
443
    CASE(OR);
599
274
    CASE(AND);
600
538
    CASE(LSH);
601
444
    CASE(RSH);
602
436
    CASE(NEG);
603
573
    CASE(XOR);
604
428
    CASE(ARSH);
605
332
  case BPF_ALU_DIV:
606
332
    if (!is_ebpf || off == 0)
607
220
      CASE_IF(DIV);
608
112
    else if (off == 1)
609
100
      CASE_IF(SDIV);
610
12
    else
611
12
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
612
390
  case BPF_ALU_MOD:
613
390
    if (!is_ebpf || off == 0)
614
256
      CASE_IF(MOD);
615
134
    else if (off == 1)
616
132
      CASE_IF(SMOD);
617
2
    else
618
2
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
619
256
  case BPF_ALU_MOV:
620
    /* BPF_CLASS_ALU can have: mov, mov8s, mov16s
621
     * BPF_CLASS_ALU64 can have: mov, mov8s, mov16s, mov32s
622
     * */
623
256
    if (off == 0)
624
56
      CASE_IF(MOV);
625
200
    else if (off == 8)
626
136
      CASE_IF(MOVSB);
627
64
    else if (off == 16)
628
37
      CASE_IF(MOVSH);
629
27
    else if (off == 32 && BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_ALU64)
630
13
      return BPF_INS_MOVSW64;
631
14
    else
632
14
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
633
5.22k
  }
634
635
0
  return BPF_INS_INVALID;
636
5.22k
}
637
#undef CASE_IF
638
#undef CASE
639
640
6.43k
#define BPF_CALLX (BPF_CLASS_JMP | BPF_JUMP_CALL | BPF_SRC_X)
641
642
#define CASE(c) \
643
5.16k
  case BPF_JUMP_##c: \
644
5.16k
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_JMP) \
645
5.16k
      return BPF_INS_##c; \
646
5.16k
    else \
647
5.16k
      return BPF_INS_##c##32;
648
649
#define SPEC_CASE(c) \
650
599
  case BPF_JUMP_##c: \
651
599
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_JMP) \
652
599
      return BPF_INS_##c; \
653
599
    else \
654
599
      return BPF_INS_INVALID;
655
656
static bpf_insn op2insn_jmp(unsigned opcode)
657
6.43k
{
658
6.43k
  if (opcode == BPF_CALLX) {
659
19
    return BPF_INS_CALLX;
660
19
  }
661
662
6.41k
  switch (BPF_OP(opcode)) {
663
645
  case BPF_JUMP_JA:
664
645
    if (BPF_CLASS(opcode) == BPF_CLASS_JMP)
665
437
      return BPF_INS_JA;
666
208
    else
667
208
      return BPF_INS_JAL;
668
448
    CASE(JEQ);
669
416
    CASE(JGT);
670
445
    CASE(JGE);
671
699
    CASE(JSET);
672
299
    CASE(JNE);
673
532
    CASE(JSGT);
674
477
    CASE(JSGE);
675
352
    SPEC_CASE(CALL);
676
247
    SPEC_CASE(EXIT);
677
414
    CASE(JLT);
678
535
    CASE(JLE);
679
405
    CASE(JSLT);
680
499
    CASE(JSLE);
681
6.41k
  }
682
683
0
  return BPF_INS_INVALID;
684
6.41k
}
685
#undef SPEC_CASE
686
#undef CASE
687
#undef BPF_CALLX
688
689
#ifndef CAPSTONE_DIET
690
691
static void update_regs_access(MCInst *MI, cs_detail *detail, bpf_insn insn_id,
692
             unsigned int opcode)
693
21.2k
{
694
21.2k
  if (insn_id == BPF_INS_INVALID)
695
0
    return;
696
  /*
697
   * In eBPF mode, only these instructions have implicit registers access:
698
   * - legacy ld{w,h,b,dw} * // w: r0
699
   * - exit // r: r0
700
   */
701
21.2k
  if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
702
14.6k
    switch (insn_id) {
703
11.7k
    default:
704
11.7k
      break;
705
11.7k
    case BPF_INS_LDABSW:
706
1.15k
    case BPF_INS_LDABSH:
707
1.38k
    case BPF_INS_LDABSB:
708
1.67k
    case BPF_INS_LDINDW:
709
1.95k
    case BPF_INS_LDINDH:
710
2.18k
    case BPF_INS_LDINDB:
711
2.62k
    case BPF_INS_LDDW:
712
2.62k
      if (BPF_MODE(opcode) == BPF_MODE_ABS ||
713
1.05k
          BPF_MODE(opcode) == BPF_MODE_IND)
714
2.38k
        map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_R0);
715
2.62k
      break;
716
247
    case BPF_INS_EXIT:
717
247
      map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_R0);
718
247
      break;
719
14.6k
    }
720
14.6k
    return;
721
14.6k
  }
722
723
  /* cBPF mode */
724
6.63k
  switch (BPF_CLASS(opcode)) {
725
632
  default:
726
632
    break;
727
2.06k
  case BPF_CLASS_LD:
728
2.06k
    map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_A);
729
2.06k
    break;
730
683
  case BPF_CLASS_LDX:
731
683
    map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_X);
732
683
    break;
733
72
  case BPF_CLASS_ST:
734
72
    map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_A);
735
72
    break;
736
212
  case BPF_CLASS_STX:
737
212
    map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_X);
738
212
    break;
739
1.83k
  case BPF_CLASS_ALU:
740
1.83k
    map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_A);
741
1.83k
    map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_A);
742
1.83k
    break;
743
1.02k
  case BPF_CLASS_JMP:
744
1.02k
    if (insn_id != BPF_INS_JA) // except the unconditional jump
745
792
      map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_A);
746
1.02k
    break;
747
  /* case BPF_CLASS_RET: */
748
112
  case BPF_CLASS_MISC:
749
112
    if (insn_id == BPF_INS_TAX) {
750
36
      map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_A);
751
36
      map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_X);
752
76
    } else {
753
76
      map_add_implicit_read(MI, BPF_REG_X);
754
76
      map_add_implicit_write(MI, BPF_REG_A);
755
76
    }
756
112
    break;
757
6.63k
  }
758
6.63k
}
759
#endif
760
761
static bool setFinalOpcode(MCInst *MI, const bpf_internal *bpf)
762
21.3k
{
763
21.3k
  bpf_insn id = BPF_INS_INVALID;
764
21.3k
#ifndef CAPSTONE_DIET
765
21.3k
  cs_detail *detail;
766
767
21.3k
  detail = get_detail(MI);
768
21.3k
#endif
769
770
21.3k
  const uint16_t opcode = bpf->op;
771
21.3k
  switch (BPF_CLASS(opcode)) {
772
0
  default: // will never happen
773
0
    break;
774
4.68k
  case BPF_CLASS_LD:
775
6.20k
  case BPF_CLASS_LDX:
776
6.20k
    if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode))
777
3.45k
      id = op2insn_ld_ebpf(opcode);
778
2.74k
    else
779
2.74k
      id = op2insn_ld_cbpf(opcode);
780
6.20k
    add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_LOAD);
781
6.20k
    break;
782
941
  case BPF_CLASS_ST:
783
2.35k
  case BPF_CLASS_STX:
784
2.35k
    id = op2insn_st(opcode, bpf->k);
785
2.35k
    add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_STORE);
786
2.35k
    break;
787
3.00k
  case BPF_CLASS_ALU:
788
3.00k
    id = op2insn_alu(opcode, bpf->offset, EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode));
789
3.00k
    add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_ALU);
790
3.00k
    break;
791
3.70k
  case BPF_CLASS_JMP:
792
3.70k
    id = op2insn_jmp(opcode);
793
3.70k
#ifndef CAPSTONE_DIET
794
3.70k
    if (id == BPF_INS_CALL || id == BPF_INS_CALLX)
795
371
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_CALL);
796
3.33k
    else if (id == BPF_INS_EXIT)
797
247
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_RETURN);
798
3.08k
    else
799
3.08k
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_JUMP);
800
3.70k
#endif
801
3.70k
    break;
802
3.36k
  case BPF_CLASS_RET:
803
    /* case BPF_CLASS_JMP32: */
804
3.36k
    if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
805
2.73k
      id = op2insn_jmp(opcode);
806
2.73k
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_JUMP);
807
2.73k
    } else {
808
632
      id = BPF_INS_RET;
809
632
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_RETURN);
810
632
    }
811
3.36k
    break;
812
  // BPF_CLASS_MISC and BPF_CLASS_ALU64 have exactly same value
813
2.71k
  case BPF_CLASS_MISC:
814
    /* case BPF_CLASS_ALU64: */
815
2.71k
    if (EBPF_MODE(MI->csh->mode)) {
816
      // ALU64 in eBPF
817
2.59k
      id = op2insn_alu(opcode, bpf->offset, true);
818
2.59k
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_ALU);
819
2.59k
    } else {
820
112
      if (BPF_MISCOP(opcode) == BPF_MISCOP_TXA)
821
76
        id = BPF_INS_TXA;
822
36
      else
823
36
        id = BPF_INS_TAX;
824
112
      add_group(MI, BPF_GRP_MISC);
825
112
    }
826
2.71k
    break;
827
21.3k
  }
828
829
21.3k
  if (id == BPF_INS_INVALID)
830
40
    return false;
831
832
21.2k
  MCInst_setOpcodePub(MI, id);
833
21.2k
#undef PUSH_GROUP
834
835
21.2k
#ifndef CAPSTONE_DIET
836
21.2k
  if (detail) {
837
21.2k
    update_regs_access(MI, detail, id, opcode);
838
21.2k
  }
839
21.2k
#endif
840
21.2k
  return true;
841
21.3k
}
842
843
bool BPF_getInstruction(csh ud, const uint8_t *code, size_t code_len,
844
      MCInst *instr, uint16_t *size, uint64_t address,
845
      void *info)
846
21.9k
{
847
21.9k
  bpf_internal *bpf;
848
849
21.9k
  if (EBPF_MODE(instr->csh->mode))
850
15.1k
    bpf = fetch_ebpf(instr, code, code_len);
851
6.79k
  else
852
6.79k
    bpf = fetch_cbpf(instr, code, code_len);
853
21.9k
  if (bpf == NULL)
854
425
    return false;
855
21.5k
  if (!getInstruction(instr, bpf) || !setFinalOpcode(instr, bpf)) {
856
236
    cs_mem_free(bpf);
857
236
    return false;
858
236
  }
859
21.2k
  MCInst_setOpcode(instr, bpf->op);
860
861
21.2k
  *size = bpf->insn_size;
862
21.2k
  cs_mem_free(bpf);
863
864
  return true;
865
21.5k
}
866
867
#endif