/*

* BigInt Encoding/Decoding

* (C) 1999-2010,2012,2019,2021 Jack Lloyd

*

* Botan is released under the Simplified BSD License (see license.txt)

*/

#include <botan/bigint.h>

#include <botan/hex.h>

#include <botan/mem_ops.h>

#include <botan/internal/divide.h>

#include <botan/internal/stl_util.h>

namespace Botan {

namespace {

consteval word decimal_conversion_radix() {

   if constexpr(sizeof(word) == 8) {

      return 10000000000000000000U;

   } else {

      return 1000000000U;

   }

}

consteval size_t decimal_conversion_radix_digits() {

   if constexpr(sizeof(word) == 8) {

      return 19;

   } else {

      return 9;

   }

}

}  // namespace

std::string BigInt::to_dec_string() const {

   // Use the largest power of 10 that fits in a word

   constexpr word conversion_radix = decimal_conversion_radix();

   constexpr size_t radix_digits = decimal_conversion_radix_digits();

   // (over-)estimate of the number of digits needed; log2(10) ~ 3.3219

   const size_t digit_estimate = static_cast<size_t>(1 + (static_cast<double>(this->bits()) / 3.32));

   // (over-)estimate of db such that conversion_radix^db > *this

   const size_t digit_blocks = (digit_estimate + radix_digits - 1) / radix_digits;

   BigInt value = *this;

   value.set_sign(Positive);

   // Extract groups of digits into words

   std::vector<word> digit_groups(digit_blocks);

   for(size_t i = 0; i != digit_blocks; ++i) {

      word remainder = 0;

      ct_divide_word(value, conversion_radix, value, remainder);

      digit_groups[i] = remainder;

   }

   BOTAN_ASSERT_NOMSG(value.is_zero());

   // Extract digits from the groups

   std::vector<uint8_t> digits(digit_blocks * radix_digits);

   for(size_t i = 0; i != digit_blocks; ++i) {

      word remainder = digit_groups[i];

      for(size_t j = 0; j != radix_digits; ++j) {

         // Compiler should convert div/mod by 10 into mul by magic constant

         const word digit = remainder % 10;

         remainder /= 10;

         digits[radix_digits * i + j] = static_cast<uint8_t>(digit);

      }

   }

   // remove leading zeros

   while(!digits.empty() && digits.back() == 0) {

      digits.pop_back();

   }

   BOTAN_ASSERT_NOMSG(digit_estimate >= digits.size());

   // Reverse the digits to big-endian and format to text

   std::string s;

   s.reserve(1 + digits.size());

   if(is_negative()) {

      s += "-";

   }

   // Reverse and convert to textual digits

   // TODO(Botan4) use std::ranges::reverse_view here once available (need newer Clang)

   // NOLINTNEXTLINE(modernize-loop-convert)

   for(auto i = digits.rbegin(); i != digits.rend(); ++i) {

      s.push_back(*i + '0');  // assumes ASCII

   }

   if(s.empty()) {

      s += "0";

   }

   return s;

}

std::string BigInt::to_hex_string() const {

   const size_t this_bytes = this->bytes();

   std::vector<uint8_t> bits(std::max<size_t>(1, this_bytes));

   if(this_bytes > 0) {

      this->serialize_to(bits);

   }

   std::string hrep;

   if(is_negative()) {

      hrep += "-";

   }

   hrep += "0x";

   hrep += hex_encode(bits);

   return hrep;

}

/*

* Encode two BigInt, with leading 0s if needed, and concatenate

*/

secure_vector<uint8_t> BigInt::encode_fixed_length_int_pair(const BigInt& n1, const BigInt& n2, size_t bytes) {

   if(n1.is_negative() || n2.is_negative()) {

      throw Encoding_Error("encode_fixed_length_int_pair: values must be positive");

   }

   if(n1.bytes() > bytes || n2.bytes() > bytes) {

      throw Encoding_Error("encode_fixed_length_int_pair: values too large to encode properly");

   }

   secure_vector<uint8_t> output(2 * bytes);

   BufferStuffer stuffer(output);

   n1.serialize_to(stuffer.next(bytes));

   n2.serialize_to(stuffer.next(bytes));

   return output;

}

BigInt BigInt::decode(std::span<const uint8_t> buf, Base base) {

   if(base == Binary) {

      return BigInt::from_bytes(buf);

   }

   return BigInt::decode(buf.data(), buf.size(), base);

}

/*

* Decode a BigInt

*/

BigInt BigInt::decode(const uint8_t buf[], size_t length, Base base) {

   if(base == Binary) {

      return BigInt::from_bytes(std::span{buf, length});

   } else if(base == Hexadecimal) {

      BigInt r;

      secure_vector<uint8_t> binary;

      if(length % 2 == 1) {

         // Handle lack of leading 0

         const char buf0_with_leading_0[2] = {'0', static_cast<char>(buf[0])};

         binary = hex_decode_locked(buf0_with_leading_0, 2);

         if(length > 1) {

            binary += hex_decode_locked(cast_uint8_ptr_to_char(&buf[1]), length - 1, false);

         }

      } else {

         binary = hex_decode_locked(cast_uint8_ptr_to_char(buf), length, false);

      }

      r.assign_from_bytes(binary);

      return r;

   } else if(base == Decimal) {

      BigInt r;

      // This could be made faster using the same trick as to_dec_string

      for(size_t i = 0; i != length; ++i) {

         const char c = buf[i];

         if(c < '0' || c > '9') {

            throw Invalid_Argument("BigInt::decode: invalid decimal char");

         }

         const uint8_t x = c - '0';

         BOTAN_ASSERT_NOMSG(x < 10);

         r *= 10;

         r += x;

      }

      return r;

   } else {

      throw Invalid_Argument("Unknown BigInt decoding method");

   }

}

}  // namespace Botan