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1from __future__ import annotations 

2 

3import typing 

4from shlex import shlex 

5from urllib.parse import SplitResult, parse_qsl, urlencode, urlsplit 

6 

7from starlette.concurrency import run_in_threadpool 

8from starlette.types import Scope 

9 

10 

11class Address(typing.NamedTuple): 

12 host: str 

13 port: int 

14 

15 

16_KeyType = typing.TypeVar("_KeyType") 

17# Mapping keys are invariant but their values are covariant since 

18# you can only read them 

19# that is, you can't do `Mapping[str, Animal]()["fido"] = Dog()` 

20_CovariantValueType = typing.TypeVar("_CovariantValueType", covariant=True) 

21 

22 

23class URL: 

24 def __init__( 

25 self, 

26 url: str = "", 

27 scope: Scope | None = None, 

28 **components: typing.Any, 

29 ) -> None: 

30 if scope is not None: 

31 assert not url, 'Cannot set both "url" and "scope".' 

32 assert not components, 'Cannot set both "scope" and "**components".' 

33 scheme = scope.get("scheme", "http") 

34 server = scope.get("server", None) 

35 path = scope["path"] 

36 query_string = scope.get("query_string", b"") 

37 

38 host_header = None 

39 for key, value in scope["headers"]: 

40 if key == b"host": 

41 host_header = value.decode("latin-1") 

42 break 

43 

44 if host_header is not None: 

45 url = f"{scheme}://{host_header}{path}" 

46 elif server is None: 

47 url = path 

48 else: 

49 host, port = server 

50 default_port = {"http": 80, "https": 443, "ws": 80, "wss": 443}[scheme] 

51 if port == default_port: 

52 url = f"{scheme}://{host}{path}" 

53 else: 

54 url = f"{scheme}://{host}:{port}{path}" 

55 

56 if query_string: 

57 url += "?" + query_string.decode() 

58 elif components: 

59 assert not url, 'Cannot set both "url" and "**components".' 

60 url = URL("").replace(**components).components.geturl() 

61 

62 self._url = url 

63 

64 @property 

65 def components(self) -> SplitResult: 

66 if not hasattr(self, "_components"): 

67 self._components = urlsplit(self._url) 

68 return self._components 

69 

70 @property 

71 def scheme(self) -> str: 

72 return self.components.scheme 

73 

74 @property 

75 def netloc(self) -> str: 

76 return self.components.netloc 

77 

78 @property 

79 def path(self) -> str: 

80 return self.components.path 

81 

82 @property 

83 def query(self) -> str: 

84 return self.components.query 

85 

86 @property 

87 def fragment(self) -> str: 

88 return self.components.fragment 

89 

90 @property 

91 def username(self) -> None | str: 

92 return self.components.username 

93 

94 @property 

95 def password(self) -> None | str: 

96 return self.components.password 

97 

98 @property 

99 def hostname(self) -> None | str: 

100 return self.components.hostname 

101 

102 @property 

103 def port(self) -> int | None: 

104 return self.components.port 

105 

106 @property 

107 def is_secure(self) -> bool: 

108 return self.scheme in ("https", "wss") 

109 

110 def replace(self, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> URL: 

111 if "username" in kwargs or "password" in kwargs or "hostname" in kwargs or "port" in kwargs: 

112 hostname = kwargs.pop("hostname", None) 

113 port = kwargs.pop("port", self.port) 

114 username = kwargs.pop("username", self.username) 

115 password = kwargs.pop("password", self.password) 

116 

117 if hostname is None: 

118 netloc = self.netloc 

119 _, _, hostname = netloc.rpartition("@") 

120 

121 if hostname[-1] != "]": 

122 hostname = hostname.rsplit(":", 1)[0] 

123 

124 netloc = hostname 

125 if port is not None: 

126 netloc += f":{port}" 

127 if username is not None: 

128 userpass = username 

129 if password is not None: 

130 userpass += f":{password}" 

131 netloc = f"{userpass}@{netloc}" 

132 

133 kwargs["netloc"] = netloc 

134 

135 components = self.components._replace(**kwargs) 

136 return self.__class__(components.geturl()) 

137 

138 def include_query_params(self, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> URL: 

139 params = MultiDict(parse_qsl(self.query, keep_blank_values=True)) 

140 params.update({str(key): str(value) for key, value in kwargs.items()}) 

141 query = urlencode(params.multi_items()) 

142 return self.replace(query=query) 

143 

144 def replace_query_params(self, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> URL: 

145 query = urlencode([(str(key), str(value)) for key, value in kwargs.items()]) 

146 return self.replace(query=query) 

147 

148 def remove_query_params(self, keys: str | typing.Sequence[str]) -> URL: 

149 if isinstance(keys, str): 

150 keys = [keys] 

151 params = MultiDict(parse_qsl(self.query, keep_blank_values=True)) 

152 for key in keys: 

153 params.pop(key, None) 

154 query = urlencode(params.multi_items()) 

155 return self.replace(query=query) 

156 

157 def __eq__(self, other: typing.Any) -> bool: 

158 return str(self) == str(other) 

159 

160 def __str__(self) -> str: 

161 return self._url 

162 

163 def __repr__(self) -> str: 

164 url = str(self) 

165 if self.password: 

166 url = str(self.replace(password="********")) 

167 return f"{self.__class__.__name__}({repr(url)})" 

168 

169 

170class URLPath(str): 

171 """ 

172 A URL path string that may also hold an associated protocol and/or host. 

173 Used by the routing to return `url_path_for` matches. 

174 """ 

175 

176 def __new__(cls, path: str, protocol: str = "", host: str = "") -> URLPath: 

177 assert protocol in ("http", "websocket", "") 

178 return str.__new__(cls, path) 

179 

180 def __init__(self, path: str, protocol: str = "", host: str = "") -> None: 

181 self.protocol = protocol 

182 self.host = host 

183 

184 def make_absolute_url(self, base_url: str | URL) -> URL: 

185 if isinstance(base_url, str): 

186 base_url = URL(base_url) 

187 if self.protocol: 

188 scheme = { 

189 "http": {True: "https", False: "http"}, 

190 "websocket": {True: "wss", False: "ws"}, 

191 }[self.protocol][base_url.is_secure] 

192 else: 

193 scheme = base_url.scheme 

194 

195 netloc = self.host or base_url.netloc 

196 path = base_url.path.rstrip("/") + str(self) 

197 return URL(scheme=scheme, netloc=netloc, path=path) 

198 

199 

200class Secret: 

201 """ 

202 Holds a string value that should not be revealed in tracebacks etc. 

203 You should cast the value to `str` at the point it is required. 

204 """ 

205 

206 def __init__(self, value: str): 

207 self._value = value 

208 

209 def __repr__(self) -> str: 

210 class_name = self.__class__.__name__ 

211 return f"{class_name}('**********')" 

212 

213 def __str__(self) -> str: 

214 return self._value 

215 

216 def __bool__(self) -> bool: 

217 return bool(self._value) 

218 

219 

220class CommaSeparatedStrings(typing.Sequence[str]): 

221 def __init__(self, value: str | typing.Sequence[str]): 

222 if isinstance(value, str): 

223 splitter = shlex(value, posix=True) 

224 splitter.whitespace = "," 

225 splitter.whitespace_split = True 

226 self._items = [item.strip() for item in splitter] 

227 else: 

228 self._items = list(value) 

229 

230 def __len__(self) -> int: 

231 return len(self._items) 

232 

233 def __getitem__(self, index: int | slice) -> typing.Any: 

234 return self._items[index] 

235 

236 def __iter__(self) -> typing.Iterator[str]: 

237 return iter(self._items) 

238 

239 def __repr__(self) -> str: 

240 class_name = self.__class__.__name__ 

241 items = [item for item in self] 

242 return f"{class_name}({items!r})" 

243 

244 def __str__(self) -> str: 

245 return ", ".join(repr(item) for item in self) 

246 

247 

248class ImmutableMultiDict(typing.Mapping[_KeyType, _CovariantValueType]): 

249 _dict: dict[_KeyType, _CovariantValueType] 

250 

251 def __init__( 

252 self, 

253 *args: ImmutableMultiDict[_KeyType, _CovariantValueType] 

254 | typing.Mapping[_KeyType, _CovariantValueType] 

255 | typing.Iterable[tuple[_KeyType, _CovariantValueType]], 

256 **kwargs: typing.Any, 

257 ) -> None: 

258 assert len(args) < 2, "Too many arguments." 

259 

260 value: typing.Any = args[0] if args else [] 

261 if kwargs: 

262 value = ImmutableMultiDict(value).multi_items() + ImmutableMultiDict(kwargs).multi_items() 

263 

264 if not value: 

265 _items: list[tuple[typing.Any, typing.Any]] = [] 

266 elif hasattr(value, "multi_items"): 

267 value = typing.cast(ImmutableMultiDict[_KeyType, _CovariantValueType], value) 

268 _items = list(value.multi_items()) 

269 elif hasattr(value, "items"): 

270 value = typing.cast(typing.Mapping[_KeyType, _CovariantValueType], value) 

271 _items = list(value.items()) 

272 else: 

273 value = typing.cast("list[tuple[typing.Any, typing.Any]]", value) 

274 _items = list(value) 

275 

276 self._dict = {k: v for k, v in _items} 

277 self._list = _items 

278 

279 def getlist(self, key: typing.Any) -> list[_CovariantValueType]: 

280 return [item_value for item_key, item_value in self._list if item_key == key] 

281 

282 def keys(self) -> typing.KeysView[_KeyType]: 

283 return self._dict.keys() 

284 

285 def values(self) -> typing.ValuesView[_CovariantValueType]: 

286 return self._dict.values() 

287 

288 def items(self) -> typing.ItemsView[_KeyType, _CovariantValueType]: 

289 return self._dict.items() 

290 

291 def multi_items(self) -> list[tuple[_KeyType, _CovariantValueType]]: 

292 return list(self._list) 

293 

294 def __getitem__(self, key: _KeyType) -> _CovariantValueType: 

295 return self._dict[key] 

296 

297 def __contains__(self, key: typing.Any) -> bool: 

298 return key in self._dict 

299 

300 def __iter__(self) -> typing.Iterator[_KeyType]: 

301 return iter(self.keys()) 

302 

303 def __len__(self) -> int: 

304 return len(self._dict) 

305 

306 def __eq__(self, other: typing.Any) -> bool: 

307 if not isinstance(other, self.__class__): 

308 return False 

309 return sorted(self._list) == sorted(other._list) 

310 

311 def __repr__(self) -> str: 

312 class_name = self.__class__.__name__ 

313 items = self.multi_items() 

314 return f"{class_name}({items!r})" 

315 

316 

317class MultiDict(ImmutableMultiDict[typing.Any, typing.Any]): 

318 def __setitem__(self, key: typing.Any, value: typing.Any) -> None: 

319 self.setlist(key, [value]) 

320 

321 def __delitem__(self, key: typing.Any) -> None: 

322 self._list = [(k, v) for k, v in self._list if k != key] 

323 del self._dict[key] 

324 

325 def pop(self, key: typing.Any, default: typing.Any = None) -> typing.Any: 

326 self._list = [(k, v) for k, v in self._list if k != key] 

327 return self._dict.pop(key, default) 

328 

329 def popitem(self) -> tuple[typing.Any, typing.Any]: 

330 key, value = self._dict.popitem() 

331 self._list = [(k, v) for k, v in self._list if k != key] 

332 return key, value 

333 

334 def poplist(self, key: typing.Any) -> list[typing.Any]: 

335 values = [v for k, v in self._list if k == key] 

336 self.pop(key) 

337 return values 

338 

339 def clear(self) -> None: 

340 self._dict.clear() 

341 self._list.clear() 

342 

343 def setdefault(self, key: typing.Any, default: typing.Any = None) -> typing.Any: 

344 if key not in self: 

345 self._dict[key] = default 

346 self._list.append((key, default)) 

347 

348 return self[key] 

349 

350 def setlist(self, key: typing.Any, values: list[typing.Any]) -> None: 

351 if not values: 

352 self.pop(key, None) 

353 else: 

354 existing_items = [(k, v) for (k, v) in self._list if k != key] 

355 self._list = existing_items + [(key, value) for value in values] 

356 self._dict[key] = values[-1] 

357 

358 def append(self, key: typing.Any, value: typing.Any) -> None: 

359 self._list.append((key, value)) 

360 self._dict[key] = value 

361 

362 def update( 

363 self, 

364 *args: MultiDict | typing.Mapping[typing.Any, typing.Any] | list[tuple[typing.Any, typing.Any]], 

365 **kwargs: typing.Any, 

366 ) -> None: 

367 value = MultiDict(*args, **kwargs) 

368 existing_items = [(k, v) for (k, v) in self._list if k not in value.keys()] 

369 self._list = existing_items + value.multi_items() 

370 self._dict.update(value) 

371 

372 

373class QueryParams(ImmutableMultiDict[str, str]): 

374 """ 

375 An immutable multidict. 

376 """ 

377 

378 def __init__( 

379 self, 

380 *args: ImmutableMultiDict[typing.Any, typing.Any] 

381 | typing.Mapping[typing.Any, typing.Any] 

382 | list[tuple[typing.Any, typing.Any]] 

383 | str 

384 | bytes, 

385 **kwargs: typing.Any, 

386 ) -> None: 

387 assert len(args) < 2, "Too many arguments." 

388 

389 value = args[0] if args else [] 

390 

391 if isinstance(value, str): 

392 super().__init__(parse_qsl(value, keep_blank_values=True), **kwargs) 

393 elif isinstance(value, bytes): 

394 super().__init__(parse_qsl(value.decode("latin-1"), keep_blank_values=True), **kwargs) 

395 else: 

396 super().__init__(*args, **kwargs) # type: ignore[arg-type] 

397 self._list = [(str(k), str(v)) for k, v in self._list] 

398 self._dict = {str(k): str(v) for k, v in self._dict.items()} 

399 

400 def __str__(self) -> str: 

401 return urlencode(self._list) 

402 

403 def __repr__(self) -> str: 

404 class_name = self.__class__.__name__ 

405 query_string = str(self) 

406 return f"{class_name}({query_string!r})" 

407 

408 

409class UploadFile: 

410 """ 

411 An uploaded file included as part of the request data. 

412 """ 

413 

414 def __init__( 

415 self, 

416 file: typing.BinaryIO, 

417 *, 

418 size: int | None = None, 

419 filename: str | None = None, 

420 headers: Headers | None = None, 

421 ) -> None: 

422 self.filename = filename 

423 self.file = file 

424 self.size = size 

425 self.headers = headers or Headers() 

426 

427 @property 

428 def content_type(self) -> str | None: 

429 return self.headers.get("content-type", None) 

430 

431 @property 

432 def _in_memory(self) -> bool: 

433 # check for SpooledTemporaryFile._rolled 

434 rolled_to_disk = getattr(self.file, "_rolled", True) 

435 return not rolled_to_disk 

436 

437 async def write(self, data: bytes) -> None: 

438 if self.size is not None: 

439 self.size += len(data) 

440 

441 if self._in_memory: 

442 self.file.write(data) 

443 else: 

444 await run_in_threadpool(self.file.write, data) 

445 

446 async def read(self, size: int = -1) -> bytes: 

447 if self._in_memory: 

448 return self.file.read(size) 

449 return await run_in_threadpool(self.file.read, size) 

450 

451 async def seek(self, offset: int) -> None: 

452 if self._in_memory: 

453 self.file.seek(offset) 

454 else: 

455 await run_in_threadpool(self.file.seek, offset) 

456 

457 async def close(self) -> None: 

458 if self._in_memory: 

459 self.file.close() 

460 else: 

461 await run_in_threadpool(self.file.close) 

462 

463 def __repr__(self) -> str: 

464 return ( 

465 f"{self.__class__.__name__}(" 

466 f"filename={self.filename!r}, " 

467 f"size={self.size!r}, " 

468 f"headers={self.headers!r})" 

469 ) 

470 

471 

472class FormData(ImmutableMultiDict[str, typing.Union[UploadFile, str]]): 

473 """ 

474 An immutable multidict, containing both file uploads and text input. 

475 """ 

476 

477 def __init__( 

478 self, 

479 *args: FormData | typing.Mapping[str, str | UploadFile] | list[tuple[str, str | UploadFile]], 

480 **kwargs: str | UploadFile, 

481 ) -> None: 

482 super().__init__(*args, **kwargs) 

483 

484 async def close(self) -> None: 

485 for key, value in self.multi_items(): 

486 if isinstance(value, UploadFile): 

487 await value.close() 

488 

489 

490class Headers(typing.Mapping[str, str]): 

491 """ 

492 An immutable, case-insensitive multidict. 

493 """ 

494 

495 def __init__( 

496 self, 

497 headers: typing.Mapping[str, str] | None = None, 

498 raw: list[tuple[bytes, bytes]] | None = None, 

499 scope: typing.MutableMapping[str, typing.Any] | None = None, 

500 ) -> None: 

501 self._list: list[tuple[bytes, bytes]] = [] 

502 if headers is not None: 

503 assert raw is None, 'Cannot set both "headers" and "raw".' 

504 assert scope is None, 'Cannot set both "headers" and "scope".' 

505 self._list = [(key.lower().encode("latin-1"), value.encode("latin-1")) for key, value in headers.items()] 

506 elif raw is not None: 

507 assert scope is None, 'Cannot set both "raw" and "scope".' 

508 self._list = raw 

509 elif scope is not None: 

510 # scope["headers"] isn't necessarily a list 

511 # it might be a tuple or other iterable 

512 self._list = scope["headers"] = list(scope["headers"]) 

513 

514 @property 

515 def raw(self) -> list[tuple[bytes, bytes]]: 

516 return list(self._list) 

517 

518 def keys(self) -> list[str]: # type: ignore[override] 

519 return [key.decode("latin-1") for key, value in self._list] 

520 

521 def values(self) -> list[str]: # type: ignore[override] 

522 return [value.decode("latin-1") for key, value in self._list] 

523 

524 def items(self) -> list[tuple[str, str]]: # type: ignore[override] 

525 return [(key.decode("latin-1"), value.decode("latin-1")) for key, value in self._list] 

526 

527 def getlist(self, key: str) -> list[str]: 

528 get_header_key = key.lower().encode("latin-1") 

529 return [item_value.decode("latin-1") for item_key, item_value in self._list if item_key == get_header_key] 

530 

531 def mutablecopy(self) -> MutableHeaders: 

532 return MutableHeaders(raw=self._list[:]) 

533 

534 def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> str: 

535 get_header_key = key.lower().encode("latin-1") 

536 for header_key, header_value in self._list: 

537 if header_key == get_header_key: 

538 return header_value.decode("latin-1") 

539 raise KeyError(key) 

540 

541 def __contains__(self, key: typing.Any) -> bool: 

542 get_header_key = key.lower().encode("latin-1") 

543 for header_key, header_value in self._list: 

544 if header_key == get_header_key: 

545 return True 

546 return False 

547 

548 def __iter__(self) -> typing.Iterator[typing.Any]: 

549 return iter(self.keys()) 

550 

551 def __len__(self) -> int: 

552 return len(self._list) 

553 

554 def __eq__(self, other: typing.Any) -> bool: 

555 if not isinstance(other, Headers): 

556 return False 

557 return sorted(self._list) == sorted(other._list) 

558 

559 def __repr__(self) -> str: 

560 class_name = self.__class__.__name__ 

561 as_dict = dict(self.items()) 

562 if len(as_dict) == len(self): 

563 return f"{class_name}({as_dict!r})" 

564 return f"{class_name}(raw={self.raw!r})" 

565 

566 

567class MutableHeaders(Headers): 

568 def __setitem__(self, key: str, value: str) -> None: 

569 """ 

570 Set the header `key` to `value`, removing any duplicate entries. 

571 Retains insertion order. 

572 """ 

573 set_key = key.lower().encode("latin-1") 

574 set_value = value.encode("latin-1") 

575 

576 found_indexes: list[int] = [] 

577 for idx, (item_key, item_value) in enumerate(self._list): 

578 if item_key == set_key: 

579 found_indexes.append(idx) 

580 

581 for idx in reversed(found_indexes[1:]): 

582 del self._list[idx] 

583 

584 if found_indexes: 

585 idx = found_indexes[0] 

586 self._list[idx] = (set_key, set_value) 

587 else: 

588 self._list.append((set_key, set_value)) 

589 

590 def __delitem__(self, key: str) -> None: 

591 """ 

592 Remove the header `key`. 

593 """ 

594 del_key = key.lower().encode("latin-1") 

595 

596 pop_indexes: list[int] = [] 

597 for idx, (item_key, item_value) in enumerate(self._list): 

598 if item_key == del_key: 

599 pop_indexes.append(idx) 

600 

601 for idx in reversed(pop_indexes): 

602 del self._list[idx] 

603 

604 def __ior__(self, other: typing.Mapping[str, str]) -> MutableHeaders: 

605 if not isinstance(other, typing.Mapping): 

606 raise TypeError(f"Expected a mapping but got {other.__class__.__name__}") 

607 self.update(other) 

608 return self 

609 

610 def __or__(self, other: typing.Mapping[str, str]) -> MutableHeaders: 

611 if not isinstance(other, typing.Mapping): 

612 raise TypeError(f"Expected a mapping but got {other.__class__.__name__}") 

613 new = self.mutablecopy() 

614 new.update(other) 

615 return new 

616 

617 @property 

618 def raw(self) -> list[tuple[bytes, bytes]]: 

619 return self._list 

620 

621 def setdefault(self, key: str, value: str) -> str: 

622 """ 

623 If the header `key` does not exist, then set it to `value`. 

624 Returns the header value. 

625 """ 

626 set_key = key.lower().encode("latin-1") 

627 set_value = value.encode("latin-1") 

628 

629 for idx, (item_key, item_value) in enumerate(self._list): 

630 if item_key == set_key: 

631 return item_value.decode("latin-1") 

632 self._list.append((set_key, set_value)) 

633 return value 

634 

635 def update(self, other: typing.Mapping[str, str]) -> None: 

636 for key, val in other.items(): 

637 self[key] = val 

638 

639 def append(self, key: str, value: str) -> None: 

640 """ 

641 Append a header, preserving any duplicate entries. 

642 """ 

643 append_key = key.lower().encode("latin-1") 

644 append_value = value.encode("latin-1") 

645 self._list.append((append_key, append_value)) 

646 

647 def add_vary_header(self, vary: str) -> None: 

648 existing = self.get("vary") 

649 if existing is not None: 

650 vary = ", ".join([existing, vary]) 

651 self["vary"] = vary 

652 

653 

654class State: 

655 """ 

656 An object that can be used to store arbitrary state. 

657 

658 Used for `request.state` and `app.state`. 

659 """ 

660 

661 _state: dict[str, typing.Any] 

662 

663 def __init__(self, state: dict[str, typing.Any] | None = None): 

664 if state is None: 

665 state = {} 

666 super().__setattr__("_state", state) 

667 

668 def __setattr__(self, key: typing.Any, value: typing.Any) -> None: 

669 self._state[key] = value 

670 

671 def __getattr__(self, key: typing.Any) -> typing.Any: 

672 try: 

673 return self._state[key] 

674 except KeyError: 

675 message = "'{}' object has no attribute '{}'" 

676 raise AttributeError(message.format(self.__class__.__name__, key)) 

677 

678 def __delattr__(self, key: typing.Any) -> None: 

679 del self._state[key]