Coverage Report

Created: 2026-06-07 06:26

next uncovered line (L), next uncovered region (R), next uncovered branch (B)
/src/cpython3/Python/hashtable.c
Line
Count
Source
1
/* The implementation of the hash table (_Py_hashtable_t) is based on the
2
   cfuhash project:
3
   http://sourceforge.net/projects/libcfu/
4
5
   Copyright of cfuhash:
6
   ----------------------------------
7
   Creation date: 2005-06-24 21:22:40
8
   Authors: Don
9
   Change log:
10
11
   Copyright (c) 2005 Don Owens
12
   All rights reserved.
13
14
   This code is released under the BSD license:
15
16
   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
17
   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
18
   are met:
19
20
     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
21
       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
22
23
     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
24
       copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
25
       disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
26
       with the distribution.
27
28
     * Neither the name of the author nor the names of its
29
       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
30
       from this software without specific prior written permission.
31
32
   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
33
   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
34
   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
35
   FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
36
   COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
37
   INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
38
   (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
39
   SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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   HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
41
   STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
42
   ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
43
   OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
44
   ----------------------------------
45
*/
46
47
#include "Python.h"
48
#include "pycore_hashtable.h"     // export _Py_hashtable_new()
49
#include "pycore_pyhash.h"        // _Py_HashPointerRaw()
50
51
26.1k
#define HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE 16
52
193k
#define HASHTABLE_HIGH 0.50
53
5.01k
#define HASHTABLE_LOW 0.10
54
5.01k
#define HASHTABLE_REHASH_FACTOR 2.0 / (HASHTABLE_LOW + HASHTABLE_HIGH)
55
56
#define BUCKETS_HEAD(SLIST) \
57
331k
        ((_Py_hashtable_entry_t *)_Py_SLIST_HEAD(&(SLIST)))
58
#define TABLE_HEAD(HT, BUCKET) \
59
2.61M
        ((_Py_hashtable_entry_t *)_Py_SLIST_HEAD(&(HT)->buckets[BUCKET]))
60
#define ENTRY_NEXT(ENTRY) \
61
1.03M
        ((_Py_hashtable_entry_t *)_Py_SLIST_ITEM_NEXT(ENTRY))
62
63
/* Forward declaration */
64
static int hashtable_rehash(_Py_hashtable_t *ht);
65
66
static void
67
_Py_slist_init(_Py_slist_t *list)
68
0
{
69
0
    list->head = NULL;
70
0
}
71
72
73
static void
74
_Py_slist_prepend(_Py_slist_t *list, _Py_slist_item_t *item)
75
354k
{
76
354k
    item->next = list->head;
77
354k
    list->head = item;
78
354k
}
79
80
81
static void
82
_Py_slist_remove(_Py_slist_t *list, _Py_slist_item_t *previous,
83
                 _Py_slist_item_t *item)
84
0
{
85
0
    if (previous != NULL)
86
0
        previous->next = item->next;
87
0
    else
88
0
        list->head = item->next;
89
0
}
90
91
92
Py_uhash_t
93
_Py_hashtable_hash_ptr(const void *key)
94
749k
{
95
749k
    return (Py_uhash_t)_Py_HashPointerRaw(key);
96
749k
}
97
98
99
int
100
_Py_hashtable_compare_direct(const void *key1, const void *key2)
101
0
{
102
0
    return (key1 == key2);
103
0
}
104
105
106
/* makes sure the real size of the buckets array is a power of 2 */
107
static size_t
108
round_size(size_t s)
109
5.01k
{
110
5.01k
    size_t i;
111
5.01k
    if (s < HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE)
112
0
        return HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE;
113
5.01k
    i = 1;
114
34.8k
    while (i < s)
115
29.8k
        i <<= 1;
116
5.01k
    return i;
117
5.01k
}
118
119
120
size_t
121
_Py_hashtable_size(const _Py_hashtable_t *ht)
122
0
{
123
0
    size_t size = sizeof(_Py_hashtable_t);
124
    /* buckets */
125
0
    size += ht->nbuckets * sizeof(_Py_hashtable_entry_t *);
126
    /* entries */
127
0
    size += ht->nentries * sizeof(_Py_hashtable_entry_t);
128
0
    return size;
129
0
}
130
131
132
size_t
133
_Py_hashtable_len(const _Py_hashtable_t *ht)
134
0
{
135
0
    return ht->nentries;
136
0
}
137
138
139
_Py_hashtable_entry_t *
140
_Py_hashtable_get_entry_generic(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
141
1.56M
{
142
1.56M
    Py_uhash_t key_hash = ht->hash_func(key);
143
1.56M
    size_t index = key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
144
1.56M
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, index);
145
2.12M
    while (1) {
146
2.12M
        if (entry == NULL) {
147
1.46M
            return NULL;
148
1.46M
        }
149
659k
        if (entry->key_hash == key_hash && ht->compare_func(key, entry->key)) {
150
94.8k
            break;
151
94.8k
        }
152
564k
        entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
153
564k
    }
154
94.8k
    return entry;
155
1.56M
}
156
157
158
// Specialized for:
159
// hash_func == _Py_hashtable_hash_ptr
160
// compare_func == _Py_hashtable_compare_direct
161
static _Py_hashtable_entry_t *
162
_Py_hashtable_get_entry_ptr(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
163
455k
{
164
455k
    Py_uhash_t key_hash = _Py_hashtable_hash_ptr(key);
165
455k
    size_t index = key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
166
455k
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, index);
167
590k
    while (1) {
168
590k
        if (entry == NULL) {
169
334k
            return NULL;
170
334k
        }
171
        // Compare directly keys (ignore entry->key_hash)
172
256k
        if (entry->key == key) {
173
121k
            break;
174
121k
        }
175
135k
        entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
176
135k
    }
177
121k
    return entry;
178
455k
}
179
180
181
void*
182
_Py_hashtable_steal(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
183
0
{
184
0
    Py_uhash_t key_hash = ht->hash_func(key);
185
0
    size_t index = key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
186
187
0
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, index);
188
0
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *previous = NULL;
189
0
    while (1) {
190
0
        if (entry == NULL) {
191
            // not found
192
0
            return NULL;
193
0
        }
194
0
        if (entry->key_hash == key_hash && ht->compare_func(key, entry->key)) {
195
0
            break;
196
0
        }
197
0
        previous = entry;
198
0
        entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
199
0
    }
200
201
0
    _Py_slist_remove(&ht->buckets[index], (_Py_slist_item_t *)previous,
202
0
                     (_Py_slist_item_t *)entry);
203
0
    ht->nentries--;
204
205
0
    void *value = entry->value;
206
0
    ht->alloc.free(entry);
207
208
0
    if ((float)ht->nentries / (float)ht->nbuckets < HASHTABLE_LOW) {
209
        // Ignore failure: error cannot be reported to the caller
210
0
        hashtable_rehash(ht);
211
0
    }
212
0
    return value;
213
0
}
214
215
216
int
217
_Py_hashtable_set(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key, void *value)
218
188k
{
219
188k
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry;
220
221
188k
#ifndef NDEBUG
222
    /* Don't write the assertion on a single line because it is interesting
223
       to know the duplicated entry if the assertion failed. The entry can
224
       be read using a debugger. */
225
188k
    entry = ht->get_entry_func(ht, key);
226
188k
    assert(entry == NULL);
227
188k
#endif
228
229
188k
    entry = ht->alloc.malloc(sizeof(_Py_hashtable_entry_t));
230
188k
    if (entry == NULL) {
231
        /* memory allocation failed */
232
0
        return -1;
233
0
    }
234
235
188k
    entry->key_hash = ht->hash_func(key);
236
188k
    entry->key = (void *)key;
237
188k
    entry->value = value;
238
239
188k
    ht->nentries++;
240
188k
    if ((float)ht->nentries / (float)ht->nbuckets > HASHTABLE_HIGH) {
241
5.01k
        if (hashtable_rehash(ht) < 0) {
242
0
            ht->nentries--;
243
0
            ht->alloc.free(entry);
244
0
            return -1;
245
0
        }
246
5.01k
    }
247
248
188k
    size_t index = entry->key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
249
188k
    _Py_slist_prepend(&ht->buckets[index], (_Py_slist_item_t*)entry);
250
188k
    return 0;
251
188k
}
252
253
254
void*
255
_Py_hashtable_get(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
256
1.54M
{
257
1.54M
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = ht->get_entry_func(ht, key);
258
1.54M
    if (entry != NULL) {
259
94.8k
        return entry->value;
260
94.8k
    }
261
1.44M
    else {
262
1.44M
        return NULL;
263
1.44M
    }
264
1.54M
}
265
266
267
int
268
_Py_hashtable_foreach(_Py_hashtable_t *ht,
269
                      _Py_hashtable_foreach_func func,
270
                      void *user_data)
271
0
{
272
0
    for (size_t hv = 0; hv < ht->nbuckets; hv++) {
273
0
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, hv);
274
0
        while (entry != NULL) {
275
0
            int res = func(ht, entry->key, entry->value, user_data);
276
0
            if (res) {
277
0
                return res;
278
0
            }
279
0
            entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
280
0
        }
281
0
    }
282
0
    return 0;
283
0
}
284
285
286
static int
287
hashtable_rehash(_Py_hashtable_t *ht)
288
5.01k
{
289
5.01k
    size_t new_size = round_size((size_t)(ht->nentries * HASHTABLE_REHASH_FACTOR));
290
5.01k
    if (new_size == ht->nbuckets) {
291
0
        return 0;
292
0
    }
293
294
5.01k
    size_t buckets_size = new_size * sizeof(ht->buckets[0]);
295
5.01k
    _Py_slist_t *new_buckets = ht->alloc.malloc(buckets_size);
296
5.01k
    if (new_buckets == NULL) {
297
        /* memory allocation failed */
298
0
        return -1;
299
0
    }
300
5.01k
    memset(new_buckets, 0, buckets_size);
301
302
336k
    for (size_t bucket = 0; bucket < ht->nbuckets; bucket++) {
303
331k
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = BUCKETS_HEAD(ht->buckets[bucket]);
304
497k
        while (entry != NULL) {
305
165k
            assert(ht->hash_func(entry->key) == entry->key_hash);
306
165k
            _Py_hashtable_entry_t *next = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
307
165k
            size_t entry_index = entry->key_hash & (new_size - 1);
308
309
165k
            _Py_slist_prepend(&new_buckets[entry_index], (_Py_slist_item_t*)entry);
310
311
165k
            entry = next;
312
165k
        }
313
331k
    }
314
315
5.01k
    ht->alloc.free(ht->buckets);
316
5.01k
    ht->nbuckets = new_size;
317
5.01k
    ht->buckets = new_buckets;
318
5.01k
    return 0;
319
5.01k
}
320
321
322
_Py_hashtable_t *
323
_Py_hashtable_new_full(_Py_hashtable_hash_func hash_func,
324
                       _Py_hashtable_compare_func compare_func,
325
                       _Py_hashtable_destroy_func key_destroy_func,
326
                       _Py_hashtable_destroy_func value_destroy_func,
327
                       _Py_hashtable_allocator_t *allocator)
328
21.1k
{
329
21.1k
    _Py_hashtable_allocator_t alloc;
330
21.1k
    if (allocator == NULL) {
331
21.0k
        alloc.malloc = PyMem_Malloc;
332
21.0k
        alloc.free = PyMem_Free;
333
21.0k
    }
334
114
    else {
335
114
        alloc = *allocator;
336
114
    }
337
338
21.1k
    _Py_hashtable_t *ht = (_Py_hashtable_t *)alloc.malloc(sizeof(_Py_hashtable_t));
339
21.1k
    if (ht == NULL) {
340
0
        return ht;
341
0
    }
342
343
21.1k
    ht->nbuckets = HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE;
344
21.1k
    ht->nentries = 0;
345
346
21.1k
    size_t buckets_size = ht->nbuckets * sizeof(ht->buckets[0]);
347
21.1k
    ht->buckets = alloc.malloc(buckets_size);
348
21.1k
    if (ht->buckets == NULL) {
349
0
        alloc.free(ht);
350
0
        return NULL;
351
0
    }
352
21.1k
    memset(ht->buckets, 0, buckets_size);
353
354
21.1k
    ht->get_entry_func = _Py_hashtable_get_entry_generic;
355
21.1k
    ht->hash_func = hash_func;
356
21.1k
    ht->compare_func = compare_func;
357
21.1k
    ht->key_destroy_func = key_destroy_func;
358
21.1k
    ht->value_destroy_func = value_destroy_func;
359
21.1k
    ht->alloc = alloc;
360
21.1k
    if (ht->hash_func == _Py_hashtable_hash_ptr
361
21.0k
        && ht->compare_func == _Py_hashtable_compare_direct)
362
21.0k
    {
363
21.0k
        ht->get_entry_func = _Py_hashtable_get_entry_ptr;
364
21.0k
    }
365
21.1k
    return ht;
366
21.1k
}
367
368
369
_Py_hashtable_t *
370
_Py_hashtable_new(_Py_hashtable_hash_func hash_func,
371
                  _Py_hashtable_compare_func compare_func)
372
21.0k
{
373
21.0k
    return _Py_hashtable_new_full(hash_func, compare_func,
374
21.0k
                                  NULL, NULL, NULL);
375
21.0k
}
376
377
378
static void
379
_Py_hashtable_destroy_entry(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry)
380
167k
{
381
167k
    if (ht->key_destroy_func) {
382
0
        ht->key_destroy_func(entry->key);
383
0
    }
384
167k
    if (ht->value_destroy_func) {
385
0
        ht->value_destroy_func(entry->value);
386
0
    }
387
167k
    ht->alloc.free(entry);
388
167k
}
389
390
391
void
392
_Py_hashtable_clear(_Py_hashtable_t *ht)
393
0
{
394
0
    for (size_t i=0; i < ht->nbuckets; i++) {
395
0
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, i);
396
0
        while (entry != NULL) {
397
0
            _Py_hashtable_entry_t *next = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
398
0
            _Py_hashtable_destroy_entry(ht, entry);
399
0
            entry = next;
400
0
        }
401
0
        _Py_slist_init(&ht->buckets[i]);
402
0
    }
403
0
    ht->nentries = 0;
404
    // Ignore failure: clear function is not expected to fail
405
    // because of a memory allocation failure.
406
0
    (void)hashtable_rehash(ht);
407
0
}
408
409
410
void
411
_Py_hashtable_destroy(_Py_hashtable_t *ht)
412
21.0k
{
413
611k
    for (size_t i = 0; i < ht->nbuckets; i++) {
414
590k
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, i);
415
757k
        while (entry) {
416
167k
            _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry_next = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
417
167k
            _Py_hashtable_destroy_entry(ht, entry);
418
167k
            entry = entry_next;
419
167k
        }
420
590k
    }
421
422
21.0k
    ht->alloc.free(ht->buckets);
423
21.0k
    ht->alloc.free(ht);
424
21.0k
}