/src/libcoap/src/coap_openssl.c

Source
/*
 * coap_openssl.c -- Datagram Transport Layer Support for libcoap with openssl
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2017      Jean-Claude Michelou <jcm@spinetix.com>
 * Copyright (C) 2018-2026 Jon Shallow <supjps-libcoap@jpshallow.com>
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
 *
 * This file is part of the CoAP library libcoap. Please see README for terms
 * of use.
 */

/**
 * @file coap_openssl.c
 * @brief OpenSSL specific interface functions.
 */

#include "coap3/coap_libcoap_build.h"

#if COAP_WITH_LIBOPENSSL

/*
 * OpenSSL 1.1.0 has support for making decisions during receipt of
 * the Client Hello - the call back function is set up using
 * SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_callback() which is called later in the
 * Client Hello processing - but called every Client Hello.
 * Certificates and Preshared Keys have to be set up in the SSL CTX before
 * SSL_accept() is called, making the code messy to decide whether this is a
 * PKI or PSK incoming request to handle things accordingly if both are
 * defined.  SNI has to create a new SSL CTX to handle different server names
 * with different crtificates.
 *
 * OpenSSL 1.1.1 introduces a new function SSL_CTX_set_client_hello_cb().
 * The call back is invoked early on in the Client Hello processing giving
 * the ability to easily use different Preshared Keys, Certificates etc.
 * Certificates do not have to be set up in the SSL CTX before SSL_accept is
 * called.
 * Later in the Client Hello code, the callback for
 * SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_callback() is still called, but only if SNI
 * is being used by the client, so cannot be used for doing things the
 * OpenSSL 1.1.0 way.
 *
 * OpenSSL 1.1.1 supports TLS1.3.
 *
 * There is also support for OpenSSL 3.
 *
 * Consequently, this code has to have compile time options to include /
 * exclude code based on whether compiled against 1.1.0 or 1.1.1, as well as
 * have additional run time checks.
 *
 * It is possible to override the Ciphers, define the Algorithms or Groups,
 * and/or define the PKCS11 engine id to to use for the SSL negotiations at
 * compile time. This is done by the adding of the appropriate -D option to
 * the CPPFLAGS parameter that is used on the ./configure command line.
 * E.g.  ./configure CPPFLAGS="-DXX='\"YY\"' -DUU='\"VV\"'"
 * The parameter value is case-sensitive.
 *
 * The ciphers can be overridden with (example)
 *  -DCOAP_OPENSSL_CIPHERS='\"ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384\"'
 *
 * The Algorithms can be defined by (example)
 *  -DCOAP_OPENSSL_SIGALGS='\"ed25519\"'
 *
 * The Groups (OpenSSL 1.1.1 or later) can be defined by (example)
 *  -DCOAP_OPENSSL_GROUPS='\"X25519\"'
 *
 * The PKCSLL engine ID can be defined by (example)
 + -DCOAP_OPENSSL_PKCS11_ENGINE_ID='\"pkcs11\"'
 *
 * The PSK security level can be defined by (example)
 * -DCOAP_OPENSSL_PSK_SECURITY_LEVEL=0
 *
 * ENINE_* functions are no longer supported by OpenSSL 4.0 and later.
 */
#include <openssl/ssl.h>
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L
#include <openssl/engine.h>
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L */
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/rand.h>
#include <openssl/hmac.h>
#include <openssl/x509v3.h>

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30000000L
#ifdef __GNUC__
/* Ignore OpenSSL 3.0 deprecated warnings for now */
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
#endif
#if defined(_WIN32)
#if !defined(__MINGW32__)
#pragma warning(disable : 4996)
#endif /* ! __MINGW32__ */
#endif /* _WIN32 */
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30000000L */

#ifdef COAP_EPOLL_SUPPORT
# include <sys/epoll.h>
#endif /* COAP_EPOLL_SUPPORT */

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L
#error Must be compiled against OpenSSL 1.1.0 or later
#endif

#ifdef _WIN32
#define strcasecmp _stricmp
#define strncasecmp _strnicmp
#endif

/* RFC6091/RFC7250 */
#ifndef TLSEXT_TYPE_client_certificate_type
#define TLSEXT_TYPE_client_certificate_type 19
#endif
#ifndef TLSEXT_TYPE_server_certificate_type
#define TLSEXT_TYPE_server_certificate_type 20
#endif

#ifndef COAP_OPENSSL_CIPHERS
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L
#define COAP_OPENSSL_CIPHERS "TLSv1.3:TLSv1.2:!NULL"
#else /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L */
#define COAP_OPENSSL_CIPHERS "TLSv1.2:!NULL"
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L */
#endif /*COAP_OPENSSL_CIPHERS */

#ifndef COAP_OPENSSL_PSK_CIPHERS
#define COAP_OPENSSL_PSK_CIPHERS "PSK:!NULL"
#endif /*COAP_OPENSSL_PSK_CIPHERS */

#ifndef COAP_OPENSSL_PKCS11_ENGINE_ID
#define COAP_OPENSSL_PKCS11_ENGINE_ID "pkcs11"
#endif /* COAP_OPENSSL_PKCS11_ENGINE_ID */

/* This structure encapsulates the OpenSSL context object. */
typedef struct coap_dtls_context_t {
  SSL_CTX *ctx;
  SSL *ssl;        /* OpenSSL object for listening to connection requests */
  HMAC_CTX *cookie_hmac;
  BIO_METHOD *meth;
  BIO_ADDR *bio_addr;
} coap_dtls_context_t;

typedef struct coap_tls_context_t {
  SSL_CTX *ctx;
  BIO_METHOD *meth;
} coap_tls_context_t;

#define IS_PSK 0x1
#define IS_PKI 0x2

typedef struct sni_entry {
  char *sni;
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L
  SSL_CTX *ctx;
#else /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
  coap_dtls_key_t pki_key;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
} sni_entry;

typedef struct psk_sni_entry {
  char *sni;
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L
  SSL_CTX *ctx;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L */
  coap_dtls_spsk_info_t psk_info;
} psk_sni_entry;

typedef struct coap_openssl_context_t {
  coap_dtls_context_t dtls;
#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
  coap_tls_context_t tls;
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */
  coap_dtls_pki_t setup_data;
  int psk_pki_enabled;
  size_t sni_count;
  sni_entry *sni_entry_list;
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L
  size_t psk_sni_count;
  psk_sni_entry *psk_sni_entry_list;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L */
} coap_openssl_context_t;

#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L
static int psk_tls_server_name_call_back(SSL *ssl, int *sd, void *arg);
#else /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
static int tls_client_hello_call_back(SSL *ssl, int *al, void *arg);
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
#endif /* COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */

int
coap_dtls_is_supported(void) {
  if (SSLeay() < 0x10100000L) {
    coap_log_warn("OpenSSL version 1.1.0 or later is required\n");
    return 0;
  }
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L
  /*
   * For 1.1.1, we need to use SSL_CTX_set_client_hello_cb()
   * which is not in 1.1.0 instead of SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_callback()
   *
   * However, there could be a runtime undefined external reference error
   * as SSL_CTX_set_client_hello_cb() is not there in 1.1.0.
   */
  if (SSLeay() < 0x10101000L) {
    coap_log_warn("OpenSSL version 1.1.1 or later is required\n");
    return 0;
  }
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
  return 1;
}

int
coap_tls_is_supported(void) {
#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
  if (SSLeay() < 0x10100000L) {
    coap_log_warn("OpenSSL version 1.1.0 or later is required\n");
    return 0;
  }
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L
  if (SSLeay() < 0x10101000L) {
    coap_log_warn("OpenSSL version 1.1.1 or later is required\n");
    return 0;
  }
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
  return 1;
#else /* COAP_DISABLE_TCP */
  return 0;
#endif /* COAP_DISABLE_TCP */
}

/*
 * return 0 failed
 *        1 passed
 */
int
coap_dtls_psk_is_supported(void) {
  return 1;
}

/*
 * return 0 failed
 *        1 passed
 */
int
coap_dtls_pki_is_supported(void) {
  return 1;
}

/*
 * return 0 failed
 *        1 passed
 */
int
coap_dtls_pkcs11_is_supported(void) {
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L
  return 1;
#else /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x40000000L */
  return 0;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x40000000L */
}

/*
 * return 0 failed
 *        1 passed
 */
int
coap_dtls_rpk_is_supported(void) {
  return 0;
}

/*
 * return 0 failed
 *        1 passed
 */
int
coap_dtls_cid_is_supported(void) {
  return 0;
}

#if COAP_CLIENT_SUPPORT
int
coap_dtls_set_cid_tuple_change(coap_context_t *c_context, uint8_t every) {
  (void)c_context;
  (void)every;
  return 0;
}
#endif /* COAP_CLIENT_SUPPORT */

coap_tls_version_t *
coap_get_tls_library_version(void) {
  static coap_tls_version_t version;
  version.version = SSLeay();
  version.built_version = OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER;
  version.type = COAP_TLS_LIBRARY_OPENSSL;
  return &version;
}

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L
static ENGINE *pkcs11_engine = NULL;
static ENGINE *defined_engine = NULL;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L */

void
coap_dtls_startup(void) {
  SSL_load_error_strings();
  SSL_library_init();
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L
  ENGINE_load_dynamic();
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L */
}

void
coap_dtls_shutdown(void) {
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x30000000L
  if (pkcs11_engine) {
    /* Release the functional reference from ENGINE_init() */
    ENGINE_finish(pkcs11_engine);
    pkcs11_engine = NULL;
  }
  if (defined_engine) {
    /* Release the functional reference from ENGINE_init() */
    ENGINE_finish(defined_engine);
    defined_engine = NULL;
  }
#elif OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L
  pkcs11_engine = NULL;
  defined_engine = NULL;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30000000L && < 0x40000000L */
  ERR_free_strings();
  coap_dtls_set_log_level(COAP_LOG_EMERG);
}

void
coap_dtls_thread_shutdown(void) {
}

void *
coap_dtls_get_tls(const coap_session_t *c_session,
                  coap_tls_library_t *tls_lib) {
  if (tls_lib)
    *tls_lib = COAP_TLS_LIBRARY_OPENSSL;
  if (c_session) {
    return c_session->tls;
  }
  return NULL;
}

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L
static int
get_split_conf_entry(const uint8_t **start, size_t size, const char *get_keyword,
                     coap_str_const_t **p1, coap_str_const_t **p2) {
  const uint8_t *begin = *start;
  const uint8_t *end;
  const uint8_t *kend;
  const uint8_t *split;

  *p1 = NULL;
  *p2 = NULL;

retry:
  kend = end = memchr(begin, '\n', size);
  if (end == NULL)
    return 0;

  /* Track beginning of next line */
  *start = end + 1;
  if (end > begin && end[-1] == '\r')
    end--;

  if (begin[0] == '#' || (end - begin) == 0) {
    /* Skip comment / blank line */
    size -= kend - begin + 1;
    begin = *start;
    goto retry;
  }

  /* Get in the keyword */
  split = memchr(begin, ':', end - begin);
  if (split == NULL)
    goto bad_entry;

  if ((size_t)(split - begin) != strlen(get_keyword)) {
    size -= kend - begin + 1;
    begin = *start;
    goto retry;
  }
  if (memcmp(begin, get_keyword, split - begin)) {
    size -= kend - begin + 1;
    begin = *start;
    goto retry;
  }
  /* Found entry we are looking for */
  begin = split + 1;

  /* parameter 1 is mandatory */
  if ((end - begin) == 0)
    goto bad_entry;
  /* Get in parameter #1 */
  split = memchr(begin, ':', end - begin);
  if (split == NULL) {
    /* Single entry - no parameter #2 */
    *p1 = coap_new_str_const(begin, end - begin);
    if (!(*p1)) {
      goto bad_entry;
    }
  } else {
    *p1 = coap_new_str_const(begin, split - begin);
    if (!(*p1)) {
      goto bad_entry;
    }
    if ((end - split) > 0) {
      *p2 = coap_new_str_const(split + 1, end - split - 1);
      if (!(*p2)) {
        goto bad_entry;
      }
    }
  }

  return 1;

bad_entry:
  coap_delete_str_const(*p1);
  coap_delete_str_const(*p2);
  return 0;
}

/*
 * Formatting of OpenSSL Engine configuration is:-
 * (Must be in this order)
 *
 * engine:XXX
 * pre-cmd:XXX:YYY
 *   ....
 * pre-cmd:XXX:YYY
 * post-cmd:XXX:YYY
 *   ....
 * post-cmd:XXX:YYY
 * enable-methods:unsigned-int
 *   OR'd set of ENGINE_METHOD_* or ENGINE_METHOD_ALL
 *
 * pre-cmd and post-cmd are optional
 * YYY does not have to be defined for some pre-cmd or post-cmd
 */
int
coap_tls_engine_configure(coap_str_const_t *conf_mem) {
  const uint8_t *start;
  const uint8_t *end;
  coap_str_const_t *p1 = NULL;
  coap_str_const_t *p2 = NULL;
  coap_str_const_t *engine_id = NULL;
  unsigned int defaults = 0;
  int done_engine_id = 0;
  int done_engine_init = 0;

  if (!conf_mem)
    return 0;

  start = conf_mem->s;
  end = start + conf_mem->length;

  if (defined_engine) {
    coap_log_warn("coap_tls_engine_configure: Freeing off previous engine definition\n");
    ENGINE_finish(defined_engine);
    defined_engine = NULL;
  }

  /* Set up engine */
  if (!get_split_conf_entry(&start, end - start, "engine", &engine_id, &p2)) {
    coap_log_warn("coap_tls_engine_configure: engine not defined\n");
    return 0;
  }
  defined_engine = ENGINE_by_id((const char *)engine_id->s);
  if (!defined_engine) {
    coap_log_warn("coap_tls_engine_configure: engine '%s' not known\n", engine_id->s);
    goto fail_cleanup;
  } else {
    done_engine_id = 1;
    coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_DEBUG, "coap_tls_engine_configure: engine '%s' started\n", engine_id->s);
  }
  coap_delete_str_const(p2);

  start = conf_mem->s;
  /* process all the pre-cmd defined */
  while (get_split_conf_entry(&start, end - start, "pre-cmd", &p1, &p2)) {
    if (!ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(defined_engine, (const char *)p1->s, p2 ? (const char *)p2->s : NULL,
                                0)) {
      coap_log_warn("coap_tls_engine_configure: engine %s pre-cmd '%s:%s' failed\n",
                    (const char *)engine_id->s,
                    (const char *)p1->s, p2 ? (const char *)p2->s : "(NULL)");
      goto fail_cleanup;
    } else {
      coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_DEBUG, "coap_tls_engine_configure: engine '%s' pre-cmd '%s:%s' success\n",
                    engine_id->s, p1->s, p2 ? (const char *)p2->s : "(NULL)");
    }
    coap_delete_str_const(p1);
    coap_delete_str_const(p2);
  }

  p1 = NULL;
  p2 = NULL;
  /* Start up the engine */
  if (!ENGINE_init(defined_engine)) {
    coap_log_warn("coap_tls_engine_configure: %s failed initialization\n", (const char *)engine_id->s);
    goto fail_cleanup;
  } else {
    done_engine_init = 1;
    coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_DEBUG, "coap_tls_engine_configure: %s initialized\n",
                  (const char *)engine_id->s);
  }

  start = conf_mem->s;
  /* process all the post-cmd defined */
  while (get_split_conf_entry(&start, end - start, "post-cmd", &p1, &p2)) {
    if (!ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(defined_engine, (const char *)p1->s, p2 ? (const char *)p2->s : NULL,
                                0)) {
      coap_log_warn("coap_tls_engine_configure: %s post-cmd '%s:%s' failed\n", (const char *)engine_id->s,
                    (const char *)p1->s, p2 ? (const char *)p2->s : "(NULL)");
      goto fail_cleanup;
    } else {
      coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_DEBUG, "coap_tls_engine_configure: %s post-cmd '%s:%s' success\n",
                    (const char *)engine_id->s,
                    (const char *)p1->s, p2 ? (const char *)p2->s : "(NULL)");
    }
    coap_delete_str_const(p1);
    coap_delete_str_const(p2);
  }

  start = conf_mem->s;
  /* See what we should be setting as the methods */
  if (!get_split_conf_entry(&start, end - start, "enable-methods", &p1, &p2)) {
    coap_log_warn("coap_tls_engine_configure: enable-methods not found\n");
    goto fail_cleanup;
  }
  defaults = strtoul((const char *)p1->s, NULL, 0);
  if (!ENGINE_set_default(defined_engine, defaults)) {
    coap_log_warn("coap_tls_engine_configure: enable-methods 0x%x invalid\n", defaults);
    goto fail_cleanup;
  } else {
    coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_DEBUG, "coap_tls_engine_configure: enable-methods 0x%x successful\n",
                  defaults);
  }
  coap_delete_str_const(engine_id);
  coap_delete_str_const(p1);
  coap_delete_str_const(p2);
  /* Success */

  return 1;

fail_cleanup:
  if (done_engine_id)
    ENGINE_free(defined_engine);
  if (done_engine_init)
    ENGINE_finish(defined_engine);
  defined_engine = NULL;
  coap_delete_str_const(engine_id);
  coap_delete_str_const(p1);
  coap_delete_str_const(p2);
  return 0;
}

int
coap_tls_engine_remove(void) {
  if (defined_engine) {
    ENGINE_finish(defined_engine);
    defined_engine = NULL;
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}
#else /*  OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x40000000L */

int
coap_tls_engine_configure(coap_str_const_t *conf_mem) {
  (void)conf_mem;
  return 0;
}

int
coap_tls_engine_remove(void) {
  return 0;
}
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x40000000L */

/*
 * Logging levels use the standard CoAP logging levels
 */
static coap_log_t dtls_log_level = COAP_LOG_EMERG;

void
coap_dtls_set_log_level(coap_log_t level) {
  dtls_log_level = level;
}

coap_log_t
coap_dtls_get_log_level(void) {
  return dtls_log_level;
}

typedef struct coap_ssl_data {
  coap_session_t *session;
  const void *pdu;
  unsigned pdu_len;
  unsigned peekmode;
  coap_tick_t timeout;
} coap_ssl_data;

static int
coap_dgram_create(BIO *a) {
  coap_ssl_data *data = NULL;
  data = malloc(sizeof(coap_ssl_data));
  if (data == NULL)
    return 0;
  BIO_set_init(a, 1);
  BIO_set_data(a, data);
  memset(data, 0x00, sizeof(coap_ssl_data));
  return 1;
}

static int
coap_dgram_destroy(BIO *a) {
  coap_ssl_data *data;
  if (a == NULL)
    return 0;
  data = (coap_ssl_data *)BIO_get_data(a);
  BIO_set_data(a, NULL);
  if (data != NULL)
    free(data);
  return 1;
}

static int
coap_dgram_read(BIO *a, char *out, int outl) {
  int ret = 0;
  coap_ssl_data *data = (coap_ssl_data *)BIO_get_data(a);

  if (out != NULL) {
    if (data != NULL && data->pdu_len > 0) {
      if (outl < (int)data->pdu_len) {
        memcpy(out, data->pdu, outl);
        ret = outl;
      } else {
        memcpy(out, data->pdu, data->pdu_len);
        ret = (int)data->pdu_len;
      }
      if (!data->peekmode) {
        data->pdu_len = 0;
        data->pdu = NULL;
      }
    } else {
      ret = -1;
    }
    BIO_clear_retry_flags(a);
    if (ret < 0)
      BIO_set_retry_read(a);
  }
  return ret;
}

static int
coap_dgram_write(BIO *a, const char *in, int inl) {
  int ret = 0;
  coap_ssl_data *data = (coap_ssl_data *)BIO_get_data(a);

  if (data && data->session) {
    if (!coap_netif_available(data->session)
#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
        && data->session->endpoint == NULL
#endif /* COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */
       ) {
      /* socket was closed on client due to error */
      BIO_clear_retry_flags(a);
      errno = ECONNRESET;
      return -1;
    }
    ret = (int)data->session->sock.lfunc[COAP_LAYER_TLS].l_write(data->session,
          (const uint8_t *)in,
          inl);
    BIO_clear_retry_flags(a);
    if (ret <= 0) {
      if (ret < 0 && (errno == ENOTCONN || errno == ECONNREFUSED))
        data->session->dtls_event = COAP_EVENT_DTLS_ERROR;
      BIO_set_retry_write(a);
    }
  } else {
    BIO_clear_retry_flags(a);
    ret = -1;
  }
  return ret;
}

static int
coap_dgram_puts(BIO *a, const char *pstr) {
  return coap_dgram_write(a, pstr, (int)strlen(pstr));
}

static long
coap_dgram_ctrl(BIO *a, int cmd, long num, void *ptr) {
  long ret = 1;
  coap_ssl_data *data = BIO_get_data(a);

  (void)ptr;

  switch (cmd) {
  case BIO_CTRL_GET_CLOSE:
    ret = BIO_get_shutdown(a);
    break;
  case BIO_CTRL_SET_CLOSE:
    BIO_set_shutdown(a, (int)num);
    break;
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_SET_PEEK_MODE:
    if (data)
      data->peekmode = (unsigned)num;
    else
      ret = 0;
    break;
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_CONNECT:
  case BIO_C_SET_FD:
  case BIO_C_GET_FD:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_SET_DONT_FRAG:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_GET_MTU:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_SET_MTU:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_QUERY_MTU:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_GET_FALLBACK_MTU:
    ret = -1;
    break;
  case BIO_CTRL_DUP:
  case BIO_CTRL_FLUSH:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_MTU_DISCOVER:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_SET_CONNECTED:
    break;
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_SET_NEXT_TIMEOUT:
    if (data)
      data->timeout = coap_ticks_from_rt_us((uint64_t)((struct timeval *)ptr)->tv_sec * 1000000 +
                                            ((struct timeval *)ptr)->tv_usec);
    else
      ret = 0;
    break;
  case BIO_CTRL_RESET:
  case BIO_C_FILE_SEEK:
  case BIO_C_FILE_TELL:
  case BIO_CTRL_INFO:
  case BIO_CTRL_PENDING:
  case BIO_CTRL_WPENDING:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_GET_PEER:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_SET_PEER:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_SET_RECV_TIMEOUT:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_GET_RECV_TIMEOUT:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_SET_SEND_TIMEOUT:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_GET_SEND_TIMEOUT:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_GET_SEND_TIMER_EXP:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_GET_RECV_TIMER_EXP:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_MTU_EXCEEDED:
  case BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_GET_MTU_OVERHEAD:
  default:
    ret = 0;
    break;
  }
  return ret;
}

static int
coap_dtls_generate_cookie(SSL *ssl,
                          unsigned char *cookie,
                          unsigned int *cookie_len) {
  SSL_CTX *ctx = SSL_get_SSL_CTX(ssl);
  coap_dtls_context_t *dtls = ctx ? (coap_dtls_context_t *)SSL_CTX_get_app_data(ctx) : NULL;
  coap_ssl_data *data = (coap_ssl_data *)BIO_get_data(SSL_get_rbio(ssl));

  if (dtls && data) {
    int r = HMAC_Init_ex(dtls->cookie_hmac, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
    r &= HMAC_Update(dtls->cookie_hmac,
                     (const uint8_t *)&data->session->addr_info.local.addr,
                     (size_t)data->session->addr_info.local.size);
    r &= HMAC_Update(dtls->cookie_hmac,
                     (const uint8_t *)&data->session->addr_info.remote.addr,
                     (size_t)data->session->addr_info.remote.size);
    r &= HMAC_Final(dtls->cookie_hmac, cookie, cookie_len);
    return r;
  }
  return 0;
}

static int
coap_dtls_verify_cookie(SSL *ssl,
                        const uint8_t *cookie,
                        unsigned int cookie_len) {
  uint8_t hmac[32];
  unsigned len = 32;
  if (coap_dtls_generate_cookie(ssl, hmac, &len) &&
      cookie_len == len && memcmp(cookie, hmac, len) == 0)
    return 1;
  else
    return 0;
}

#if COAP_CLIENT_SUPPORT
static unsigned int
coap_dtls_psk_client_callback(SSL *ssl,
                              const char *hint,
                              char *identity,
                              unsigned int max_identity_len,
                              unsigned char *psk,
                              unsigned int max_psk_len) {
  coap_session_t *c_session;
  coap_openssl_context_t *o_context;
  coap_dtls_cpsk_t *setup_data;
  coap_bin_const_t temp;
  const coap_dtls_cpsk_info_t *cpsk_info;
  const coap_bin_const_t *psk_key;
  const coap_bin_const_t *psk_identity;

  c_session = (coap_session_t *)SSL_get_app_data(ssl);
  if (c_session == NULL || c_session->context == NULL)
    return 0;
  o_context = (coap_openssl_context_t *)c_session->context->dtls_context;
  if (o_context == NULL)
    return 0;
  setup_data = &c_session->cpsk_setup_data;

  temp.s = hint ? (const uint8_t *)hint : (const uint8_t *)"";
  temp.length = strlen((const char *)temp.s);
  coap_session_refresh_psk_hint(c_session, &temp);

  coap_log_debug("got psk_identity_hint: '%.*s'\n", (int)temp.length,
                 (const char *)temp.s);

  if (setup_data->validate_ih_call_back) {
    coap_str_const_t lhint;

    lhint.s = temp.s;
    lhint.length = temp.length;
    coap_lock_callback_ret(cpsk_info,
                           setup_data->validate_ih_call_back(&lhint,
                                                             c_session,
                                                             setup_data->ih_call_back_arg));

    if (cpsk_info == NULL)
      return 0;

    coap_session_refresh_psk_identity(c_session, &cpsk_info->identity);
    coap_session_refresh_psk_key(c_session, &cpsk_info->key);
    psk_identity = &cpsk_info->identity;
    psk_key = &cpsk_info->key;
  } else {
    psk_identity = coap_get_session_client_psk_identity(c_session);
    psk_key = coap_get_session_client_psk_key(c_session);
  }

  if (psk_identity == NULL || psk_key == NULL) {
    coap_log_warn("no PSK available\n");
    return 0;
  }

  /* identity has to be NULL terminated */
  if (!max_identity_len)
    return 0;
  max_identity_len--;
  if (psk_identity->length > max_identity_len) {
    coap_log_warn("psk_identity too large, truncated to %d bytes\n",
                  max_identity_len);
  } else {
    /* Reduce to match */
    max_identity_len = (unsigned int)psk_identity->length;
  }
  memcpy(identity, psk_identity->s, max_identity_len);
  identity[max_identity_len] = '\000';

  if (psk_key->length > max_psk_len) {
    coap_log_warn("psk_key too large, truncated to %d bytes\n",
                  max_psk_len);
  } else {
    /* Reduce to match */
    max_psk_len = (unsigned int)psk_key->length;
  }
  memcpy(psk, psk_key->s, max_psk_len);
  return max_psk_len;
}
#endif /* COAP_CLIENT_SUPPORT */

#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
static unsigned int
coap_dtls_psk_server_callback(
    SSL *ssl,
    const char *identity,
    unsigned char *psk,
    unsigned int max_psk_len
) {
  coap_session_t *c_session;
  coap_dtls_spsk_t *setup_data;
  coap_bin_const_t lidentity;
  const coap_bin_const_t *psk_key;

  c_session = (coap_session_t *)SSL_get_app_data(ssl);
  if (c_session == NULL || c_session->context == NULL)
    return 0;

  setup_data = &c_session->context->spsk_setup_data;

  /* Track the Identity being used */
  lidentity.s = identity ? (const uint8_t *)identity : (const uint8_t *)"";
  lidentity.length = strlen((const char *)lidentity.s);
  coap_session_refresh_psk_identity(c_session, &lidentity);

  coap_log_debug("got psk_identity: '%.*s'\n",
                 (int)lidentity.length, (const char *)lidentity.s);

  if (setup_data->validate_id_call_back) {
    psk_key = setup_data->validate_id_call_back(&lidentity,
                                                c_session,
                                                setup_data->id_call_back_arg);

    coap_session_refresh_psk_key(c_session, psk_key);
  } else {
    psk_key = coap_get_session_server_psk_key(c_session);
  }

  if (psk_key == NULL)
    return 0;

  if (psk_key->length > max_psk_len) {
    coap_log_warn("psk_key too large, truncated to %d bytes\n",
                  max_psk_len);
  } else {
    /* Reduce to match */
    max_psk_len = (unsigned int)psk_key->length;
  }
  memcpy(psk, psk_key->s, max_psk_len);
  return max_psk_len;
}
#endif /* COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */

static const char *
ssl_function_definition(unsigned long e) {
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30000000L
  (void)e;
  return "";
#else /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x30000000L */
  static char buff[80];

  snprintf(buff, sizeof(buff), " at %s:%s",
           ERR_lib_error_string(e), ERR_func_error_string(e));
  return buff;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x30000000L */
}

static void
coap_dtls_info_callback(const SSL *ssl, int where, int ret) {
  coap_session_t *session = (coap_session_t *)SSL_get_app_data(ssl);
  const char *pstr;
  int w = where &~SSL_ST_MASK;

  if (!session) {
    coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_WARN,
                  "coap_dtls_info_callback: session not determined, where 0x%0x and ret 0x%0x\n", where, ret);
    return;
  }
  if (w & SSL_ST_CONNECT)
    pstr = "SSL_connect";
  else if (w & SSL_ST_ACCEPT)
    pstr = "SSL_accept";
  else
    pstr = "undefined";

  if (where & SSL_CB_LOOP) {
    coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_DEBUG, "*  %s: %s:%s\n",
                  coap_session_str(session), pstr, SSL_state_string_long(ssl));
  } else if (where & SSL_CB_ALERT) {
    coap_log_t log_level = COAP_LOG_INFO;
    pstr = (where & SSL_CB_READ) ? "read" : "write";
    if ((where & (SSL_CB_WRITE|SSL_CB_READ)) && (ret >> 8) == SSL3_AL_FATAL) {
      session->dtls_event = COAP_EVENT_DTLS_ERROR;
      if ((ret & 0xff) != SSL3_AD_CLOSE_NOTIFY)
        log_level = COAP_LOG_WARN;
    }
    /* Need to let CoAP logging know why this session is dying */
    coap_log(log_level, "*  %s: SSL3 alert %s:%s:%s\n",
             coap_session_str(session),
             pstr,
             SSL_alert_type_string_long(ret),
             SSL_alert_desc_string_long(ret));
  } else if (where & SSL_CB_EXIT) {
    if (ret == 0) {
      if (dtls_log_level >= COAP_LOG_WARN) {
        unsigned long e;
        coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_WARN, "*  %s: %s:failed in %s\n",
                      coap_session_str(session), pstr, SSL_state_string_long(ssl));
        while ((e = ERR_get_error()))
          coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_WARN, "*  %s: %s%s\n",
                        coap_session_str(session), ERR_reason_error_string(e),
                        ssl_function_definition(e));
      }
    } else if (ret < 0) {
      if (dtls_log_level >= COAP_LOG_WARN) {
        int err = SSL_get_error(ssl, ret);
        if (err != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ && err != SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE &&
            err != SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT && err != SSL_ERROR_WANT_ACCEPT &&
            err != SSL_ERROR_WANT_X509_LOOKUP) {
          long e;
          coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_WARN, "*  %s: %s:error in %s\n",
                        coap_session_str(session), pstr, SSL_state_string_long(ssl));
          while ((e = ERR_get_error()))
            coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_WARN, "*  %s: %s%s\n",
                          coap_session_str(session), ERR_reason_error_string(e),
                          ssl_function_definition(e));
        }
      } else {
        while (ERR_get_error()) {
        }
      }
    }
  }

  if (where == SSL_CB_HANDSHAKE_START && SSL_get_state(ssl) == TLS_ST_OK)
    session->dtls_event = COAP_EVENT_DTLS_RENEGOTIATE;
}

#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
static int
coap_sock_create(BIO *a) {
  BIO_set_init(a, 1);
  return 1;
}

static int
coap_sock_destroy(BIO *a) {
  (void)a;
  return 1;
}

/*
 * strm
 * return +ve data amount
 *        0   no more
 *        -1  error
 */
static int
coap_sock_read(BIO *a, char *out, int outl) {
  int ret = 0;
  coap_session_t *session = (coap_session_t *)BIO_get_data(a);

  if (session && out != NULL) {
    ret =(int)session->sock.lfunc[COAP_LAYER_TLS].l_read(session, (uint8_t *)out,
                                                         outl);
    /* Translate layer returns into what OpenSSL expects */
    if (ret == 0) {
      BIO_set_retry_read(a);
      ret = -1;
      errno = EAGAIN;
    } else {
      BIO_clear_retry_flags(a);
    }
  }
  return ret;
}

/*
 * strm
 * return +ve data amount
 *        0   no more
 *        -1  error (error in errno)
 */
static int
coap_sock_write(BIO *a, const char *in, int inl) {
  int ret = 0;
  coap_session_t *session = (coap_session_t *)BIO_get_data(a);

  if (!session) {
    errno = ENOMEM;
    return -1;
  } else {
    ret = (int)session->sock.lfunc[COAP_LAYER_TLS].l_write(session,
                                                           (const uint8_t *)in,
                                                           inl);
  }
  /* Translate layer what returns into what OpenSSL expects */
  BIO_clear_retry_flags(a);
  if (ret == 0) {
    BIO_set_retry_read(a);
    ret = -1;
    errno = EAGAIN;
  } else {
    BIO_clear_retry_flags(a);
    if (ret == -1) {
      if ((session->state == COAP_SESSION_STATE_CSM ||
           session->state == COAP_SESSION_STATE_HANDSHAKE) &&
          (errno == EPIPE || errno == ECONNRESET)) {
        /*
         * Need to handle a TCP timing window where an agent continues with
         * the sending of the next handshake or a CSM.
         * However, the peer does not like a certificate and so sends a
         * fatal alert and closes the TCP session.
         * The sending of the next handshake or CSM may get terminated because
         * of the closed TCP session, but there is still an outstanding alert
         * to be read in and reported on.
         * In this case, pretend that sending the info was fine so that the
         * alert can be read (which effectively is what happens with DTLS).
         */
        ret = inl;
      }
    }
  }
  return ret;
}

static int
coap_sock_puts(BIO *a, const char *pstr) {
  return coap_sock_write(a, pstr, (int)strlen(pstr));
}

static long
coap_sock_ctrl(BIO *a, int cmd, long num, void *ptr) {
  int r = 1;
  (void)a;
  (void)ptr;
  (void)num;

  switch (cmd) {
  case BIO_C_SET_FD:
  case BIO_C_GET_FD:
    r = -1;
    break;
  case BIO_CTRL_SET_CLOSE:
  case BIO_CTRL_DUP:
  case BIO_CTRL_FLUSH:
    r = 1;
    break;
  default:
  case BIO_CTRL_GET_CLOSE:
    r = 0;
    break;
  }
  return r;
}
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */

static void
coap_set_user_prefs(SSL_CTX *ctx) {
  SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list(ctx, COAP_OPENSSL_CIPHERS);

#ifdef COAP_OPENSSL_SIGALGS
  SSL_CTX_set1_sigalgs_list(ctx, COAP_OPENSSL_SIGALGS);
  SSL_CTX_set1_client_sigalgs_list(ctx, COAP_OPENSSL_SIGALGS);
#endif

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L && defined(COAP_OPENSSL_GROUPS)
  SSL_CTX_set1_groups_list(ctx, COAP_OPENSSL_GROUPS);
#endif
}

#if COAP_DTLS_RETRANSMIT_MS != 1000
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L
static unsigned int
timer_cb(SSL *s, unsigned int timer_us) {
  (void)s;
  if (timer_us == 0)
    return COAP_DTLS_RETRANSMIT_MS * 1000;
  else
    return 2 * timer_us;
}
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
#endif /* COAP_DTLS_RETRANSMIT_MS != 1000 */

void *
coap_dtls_new_context(coap_context_t *coap_context) {
  coap_openssl_context_t *context;
  (void)coap_context;

  context = (coap_openssl_context_t *)coap_malloc_type(COAP_STRING, sizeof(coap_openssl_context_t));
  if (context) {
    uint8_t cookie_secret[32];

    memset(context, 0, sizeof(coap_openssl_context_t));

    /* Set up DTLS context */
    context->dtls.ctx = SSL_CTX_new(DTLS_method());
    if (!context->dtls.ctx)
      goto error;
    SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version(context->dtls.ctx, DTLS1_2_VERSION);
    SSL_CTX_set_app_data(context->dtls.ctx, &context->dtls);
    SSL_CTX_set_read_ahead(context->dtls.ctx, 1);
    coap_set_user_prefs(context->dtls.ctx);
    memset(cookie_secret, 0, sizeof(cookie_secret));
    if (!RAND_bytes(cookie_secret, (int)sizeof(cookie_secret))) {
      coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_WARN,
                    "Insufficient entropy for random cookie generation");
      coap_prng_lkd(cookie_secret, sizeof(cookie_secret));
    }
    context->dtls.cookie_hmac = HMAC_CTX_new();
    if (!context->dtls.cookie_hmac)
      goto error;
    if (!HMAC_Init_ex(context->dtls.cookie_hmac, cookie_secret, (int)sizeof(cookie_secret),
                      EVP_sha256(), NULL))
      goto error;
    SSL_CTX_set_cookie_generate_cb(context->dtls.ctx, coap_dtls_generate_cookie);
    SSL_CTX_set_cookie_verify_cb(context->dtls.ctx, coap_dtls_verify_cookie);
    SSL_CTX_set_info_callback(context->dtls.ctx, coap_dtls_info_callback);
    SSL_CTX_set_options(context->dtls.ctx, SSL_OP_NO_QUERY_MTU);
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30000000L
    SSL_CTX_set_options(context->dtls.ctx, SSL_OP_LEGACY_SERVER_CONNECT);
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30000000L */
    context->dtls.meth = BIO_meth_new(BIO_TYPE_DGRAM, "coapdgram");
    if (!context->dtls.meth)
      goto error;
    context->dtls.bio_addr = BIO_ADDR_new();
    if (!context->dtls.bio_addr)
      goto error;
    BIO_meth_set_write(context->dtls.meth, coap_dgram_write);
    BIO_meth_set_read(context->dtls.meth, coap_dgram_read);
    BIO_meth_set_puts(context->dtls.meth, coap_dgram_puts);
    BIO_meth_set_ctrl(context->dtls.meth, coap_dgram_ctrl);
    BIO_meth_set_create(context->dtls.meth, coap_dgram_create);
    BIO_meth_set_destroy(context->dtls.meth, coap_dgram_destroy);

#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
    /* Set up TLS context */
    context->tls.ctx = SSL_CTX_new(TLS_method());
    if (!context->tls.ctx)
      goto error;
    SSL_CTX_set_app_data(context->tls.ctx, &context->tls);
    SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version(context->tls.ctx, TLS1_VERSION);
    coap_set_user_prefs(context->tls.ctx);
    SSL_CTX_set_info_callback(context->tls.ctx, coap_dtls_info_callback);
    context->tls.meth = BIO_meth_new(BIO_TYPE_SOCKET, "coapsock");
    if (!context->tls.meth)
      goto error;
    BIO_meth_set_write(context->tls.meth, coap_sock_write);
    BIO_meth_set_read(context->tls.meth, coap_sock_read);
    BIO_meth_set_puts(context->tls.meth, coap_sock_puts);
    BIO_meth_set_ctrl(context->tls.meth, coap_sock_ctrl);
    BIO_meth_set_create(context->tls.meth, coap_sock_create);
    BIO_meth_set_destroy(context->tls.meth, coap_sock_destroy);
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */
  }

  return context;

error:
  coap_dtls_free_context(context);
  return NULL;
}

#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
int
coap_dtls_context_set_spsk(coap_context_t *c_context,
                           coap_dtls_spsk_t *setup_data
                          ) {
  coap_openssl_context_t *o_context =
      ((coap_openssl_context_t *)c_context->dtls_context);
  BIO *bio;

  if (!setup_data || !o_context)
    return 0;

  SSL_CTX_set_psk_server_callback(o_context->dtls.ctx,
                                  coap_dtls_psk_server_callback);
#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
  SSL_CTX_set_psk_server_callback(o_context->tls.ctx,
                                  coap_dtls_psk_server_callback);
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */
  if (setup_data->psk_info.hint.s) {
    char hint[COAP_DTLS_HINT_LENGTH];
    snprintf(hint, sizeof(hint), "%.*s", (int)setup_data->psk_info.hint.length,
             setup_data->psk_info.hint.s);
    SSL_CTX_use_psk_identity_hint(o_context->dtls.ctx, hint);
#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
    SSL_CTX_use_psk_identity_hint(o_context->tls.ctx, hint);
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */
  }
  if (setup_data->validate_sni_call_back) {
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L
    SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_arg(o_context->dtls.ctx,
                                      &c_context->spsk_setup_data);
    SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_callback(o_context->dtls.ctx,
                                           psk_tls_server_name_call_back);
#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
    SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_arg(o_context->tls.ctx,
                                      &c_context->spsk_setup_data);
    SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_callback(o_context->tls.ctx,
                                           psk_tls_server_name_call_back);
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */
#else /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
    SSL_CTX_set_client_hello_cb(o_context->dtls.ctx,
                                tls_client_hello_call_back,
                                NULL);
#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
    SSL_CTX_set_client_hello_cb(o_context->tls.ctx,
                                tls_client_hello_call_back,
                                NULL);
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
  }

  if (!o_context->dtls.ssl) {
    /* This is set up to handle new incoming sessions to a server */
    o_context->dtls.ssl = SSL_new(o_context->dtls.ctx);
    if (!o_context->dtls.ssl)
      return 0;
    bio = BIO_new(o_context->dtls.meth);
    if (!bio) {
      SSL_free(o_context->dtls.ssl);
      o_context->dtls.ssl = NULL;
      return 0;
    }
    SSL_set_bio(o_context->dtls.ssl, bio, bio);
    SSL_set_app_data(o_context->dtls.ssl, NULL);
    SSL_set_options(o_context->dtls.ssl, SSL_OP_COOKIE_EXCHANGE);
    SSL_set_mtu(o_context->dtls.ssl, COAP_DEFAULT_MTU);
  }
  if (setup_data->ec_jpake) {
    coap_log_warn("OpenSSL has no EC-JPAKE support\n");
  }
  o_context->psk_pki_enabled |= IS_PSK;
  return 1;
}
#endif /* COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */

#if COAP_CLIENT_SUPPORT
int
coap_dtls_context_set_cpsk(coap_context_t *c_context,
                           coap_dtls_cpsk_t *setup_data
                          ) {
  coap_openssl_context_t *o_context =
      ((coap_openssl_context_t *)c_context->dtls_context);
  BIO *bio;

  if (!setup_data || !o_context)
    return 0;

  if (!o_context->dtls.ssl) {
    /* This is set up to handle new incoming sessions to a server */
    o_context->dtls.ssl = SSL_new(o_context->dtls.ctx);
    if (!o_context->dtls.ssl)
      return 0;
    bio = BIO_new(o_context->dtls.meth);
    if (!bio) {
      SSL_free(o_context->dtls.ssl);
      o_context->dtls.ssl = NULL;
      return 0;
    }
    SSL_set_bio(o_context->dtls.ssl, bio, bio);
    SSL_set_app_data(o_context->dtls.ssl, NULL);
    SSL_set_options(o_context->dtls.ssl, SSL_OP_COOKIE_EXCHANGE);
    SSL_set_mtu(o_context->dtls.ssl, COAP_DEFAULT_MTU);
  }
  if (setup_data->ec_jpake) {
    coap_log_warn("OpenSSL has no EC-JPAKE support\n");
  }
  if (setup_data->use_cid) {
    coap_log_warn("OpenSSL has no Connection-ID support\n");
  }
  o_context->psk_pki_enabled |= IS_PSK;
  return 1;
}
#endif /* COAP_CLIENT_SUPPORT */

static int
map_key_type(int asn1_private_key_type
            ) {
  switch (asn1_private_key_type) {
  case COAP_ASN1_PKEY_NONE:
    return EVP_PKEY_NONE;
  case COAP_ASN1_PKEY_RSA:
    return EVP_PKEY_RSA;
  case COAP_ASN1_PKEY_RSA2:
    return EVP_PKEY_RSA2;
  case COAP_ASN1_PKEY_DSA:
    return EVP_PKEY_DSA;
  case COAP_ASN1_PKEY_DSA1:
    return EVP_PKEY_DSA1;
  case COAP_ASN1_PKEY_DSA2:
    return EVP_PKEY_DSA2;
  case COAP_ASN1_PKEY_DSA3:
    return EVP_PKEY_DSA3;
  case COAP_ASN1_PKEY_DSA4:
    return EVP_PKEY_DSA4;
  case COAP_ASN1_PKEY_DH:
    return EVP_PKEY_DH;
  case COAP_ASN1_PKEY_DHX:
    return EVP_PKEY_DHX;
  case COAP_ASN1_PKEY_EC:
    return EVP_PKEY_EC;
  case COAP_ASN1_PKEY_HMAC:
    return EVP_PKEY_HMAC;
  case COAP_ASN1_PKEY_CMAC:
    return EVP_PKEY_CMAC;
  case COAP_ASN1_PKEY_TLS1_PRF:
    return EVP_PKEY_TLS1_PRF;
  case COAP_ASN1_PKEY_HKDF:
    return EVP_PKEY_HKDF;
  default:
    coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: DTLS: Unknown Private Key type %d for ASN1\n",
                  asn1_private_key_type);
    break;
  }
  return 0;
}
#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
static uint8_t coap_alpn[] = { 4, 'c', 'o', 'a', 'p' };

#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
static int
server_alpn_callback(SSL *ssl COAP_UNUSED,
                     const unsigned char **out,
                     unsigned char *outlen,
                     const unsigned char *in,
                     unsigned int inlen,
                     void *arg COAP_UNUSED
                    ) {
  unsigned char *tout = NULL;
  int ret;
  if (inlen == 0)
    return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_NOACK;
  ret = SSL_select_next_proto(&tout,
                              outlen,
                              coap_alpn,
                              sizeof(coap_alpn),
                              in,
                              inlen);
  *out = tout;
  return (ret != OPENSSL_NPN_NEGOTIATED) ? SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_NOACK : SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_OK;
}
#endif /* COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */

static void
add_ca_to_cert_store(X509_STORE *st, X509 *x509) {
  long e;

  /* Flush out existing errors */
  while (ERR_get_error() != 0) {
  }

  if (!X509_STORE_add_cert(st, x509)) {
    while ((e = ERR_get_error()) != 0) {
      int r = ERR_GET_REASON(e);
      if (r != X509_R_CERT_ALREADY_IN_HASH_TABLE) {
        /* Not already added */
        coap_log_warn("***setup_pki: (D)TLS: %s%s\n",
                      ERR_reason_error_string(e),
                      ssl_function_definition(e));
      }
    }
  }
}

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L
static X509 *
missing_ENGINE_load_cert(ENGINE *engine, const char *cert_id) {
  struct {
    const char *cert_id;
    X509 *cert;
  } params;

  params.cert_id = cert_id;
  params.cert = NULL;

  /* There is no ENGINE_load_cert() */
  if (!ENGINE_ctrl_cmd(engine, "LOAD_CERT_CTRL", 0, &params, NULL, 1)) {
    params.cert = NULL;
  }
  return params.cert;
}

static int
check_pkcs11_engine(void) {
  static int already_tried = 0;

  if (already_tried)
    return 0;

  if (!pkcs11_engine) {
    pkcs11_engine = ENGINE_by_id(COAP_OPENSSL_PKCS11_ENGINE_ID);
    if (!pkcs11_engine) {
      coap_log_err("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: No PKCS11 support - need OpenSSL %s engine\n",
                   COAP_OPENSSL_PKCS11_ENGINE_ID);
      already_tried = 1;
      return 0;
    }
    if (!ENGINE_init(pkcs11_engine)) {
      /* the engine couldn't initialise, release 'pkcs11_engine' */
      ENGINE_free(pkcs11_engine);
      pkcs11_engine = NULL;
      coap_log_err("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: PKCS11 engine initialize failed\n");
      already_tried = 1;
      return 0;
    }
    /*
     * ENGINE_init() returned a functional reference, so free the structural
     * reference from ENGINE_by_id().
     */
    ENGINE_free(pkcs11_engine);
  }
  return 1;
}
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L */

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L && COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT

static int
install_engine_public_cert_ctx(ENGINE *engine, SSL_CTX *ctx,
                               const char *public_cert) {
  X509 *x509;

  x509 = missing_ENGINE_load_cert(engine, public_cert);
  if (!x509) {
    coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: %s: Unable to load "
                  "%s Certificate\n",
                  public_cert,
                  "Server");
    return 0;
  }
  if (!SSL_CTX_use_certificate(ctx, x509)) {
    coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: %s: Unable to configure "
                  "%s Certificate\n",
                  public_cert,
                  "Server");
    X509_free(x509);
    return 0;
  }
  X509_free(x509);
  return 1;
}

static int
install_engine_private_key_ctx(ENGINE *engine, SSL_CTX *ctx,
                               const char *private_key) {
  EVP_PKEY *pkey = ENGINE_load_private_key(engine,
                                           private_key,
                                           NULL, NULL);

  if (!pkey) {
    coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: %s: Unable to load "
                  "%s Private Key\n",
                  private_key,
                  "Server");
    return 0;
  }
  if (!SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey(ctx, pkey)) {
    coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: %s: Unable to configure "
                  "%s Private Key\n",
                  private_key,
                  "Server");
    EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
    return 0;
  }
  EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
  return 1;
}

static int
install_engine_ca_ctx(ENGINE *engine, SSL_CTX *ctx, const char *ca) {
  X509 *x509;
  X509_STORE *st;

  x509 = missing_ENGINE_load_cert(engine,
                                  ca);
  if (!x509) {
    coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: %s: Unable to load "
                  "%s CA Certificate\n",
                  ca,
                  "Server");
    return 0;
  }
  if (!SSL_CTX_add_client_CA(ctx, x509)) {
    coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: %s: Unable to configure "
                  "%s CA Certificate\n",
                  ca,
                  "Server");
    X509_free(x509);
    return 0;
  }
  st = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ctx);
  add_ca_to_cert_store(st, x509);
  X509_free(x509);
  return 1;
}

static int
load_in_cas_ctx(SSL_CTX *ctx,
                const char *ca_file) {
  STACK_OF(X509_NAME) *cert_names;
  X509_STORE *st;
  BIO *in;
  X509 *x = NULL;
  char *rw_var = NULL;
  cert_names = SSL_load_client_CA_file(ca_file);
  if (cert_names != NULL)
    SSL_CTX_set_client_CA_list(ctx, cert_names);
  else {
    coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: %s: Unable to configure "
                  "client CA File\n",
                  ca_file);
    return 0;
  }

  /* Add CA to the trusted root CA store */
  st = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ctx);
  in = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
  if (!in)
    return 0;
  /* Need to do this to not get a compiler warning about const parameters */
  memcpy(&rw_var, &ca_file, sizeof(rw_var));
  if (!BIO_read_filename(in, rw_var)) {
    BIO_free(in);
    return 0;
  }

  for (;;) {
    if ((x = PEM_read_bio_X509(in, NULL, NULL, NULL)) == NULL)
      break;
    add_ca_to_cert_store(st, x);
    X509_free(x);
  }
  BIO_free(in);
  return 1;
}

static int
setup_pki_server(SSL_CTX *ctx,
                 const coap_dtls_pki_t *setup_data) {
  coap_dtls_key_t key;

  /* Map over to the new define format to save code duplication */
  coap_dtls_map_key_type_to_define(setup_data, &key);

  assert(key.key_type == COAP_PKI_KEY_DEFINE);

  /*
   * Configure the Private Key
   */
  if (key.key.define.private_key.u_byte &&
      key.key.define.private_key.u_byte[0]) {
    switch (key.key.define.private_key_def) {
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PEM: /* define private key */
      if (!(SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file(ctx,
                                        key.key.define.private_key.s_byte,
                                        SSL_FILETYPE_PEM))) {
        return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PRIVATE,
                                      COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                      &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PEM_BUF: /* define private key */
      if (key.key.define.private_key_len) {
        BIO *bp = BIO_new_mem_buf(key.key.define.private_key.u_byte,
                                  (int)key.key.define.private_key_len);
        EVP_PKEY *pkey = bp ? PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(bp, NULL, 0, NULL) : NULL;

        if (!pkey || !SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey(ctx, pkey)) {
          if (bp)
            BIO_free(bp);
          if (pkey)
            EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
          return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PRIVATE,
                                        COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                        &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
        }
        if (bp)
          BIO_free(bp);
        if (pkey)
          EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
      } else {
        return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PRIVATE,
                                      COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_NONE,
                                      &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_RPK_BUF: /* define private key */
      return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PRIVATE,
                                    COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_NOT_SUPPORTED,
                                    &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_DER: /* define private key */
      if (!(SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file(ctx,
                                        key.key.define.private_key.s_byte,
                                        SSL_FILETYPE_ASN1))) {
        return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PRIVATE,
                                      COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                      &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_DER_BUF: /* define private key */
      if (key.key.define.private_key_len == 0 ||
          !(SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_ASN1(map_key_type(key.key.define.private_key_type),
                                        ctx,
                                        key.key.define.private_key.u_byte,
                                        (long)key.key.define.private_key_len))) {
        return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PRIVATE,
                                      COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                      &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PKCS11: /* define private key */
      if (!check_pkcs11_engine()) {
        return 0;
      }
      if (key.key.define.user_pin) {
        /* If not set, pin-value may be held in pkcs11: URI */
        if (ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(pkcs11_engine,
                                   "PIN",
                                   key.key.define.user_pin, 0) == 0) {
          coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: PKCS11: %s: Unable to set pin\n",
                        key.key.define.user_pin);
          return 0;
        }
      }
      if (!install_engine_private_key_ctx(pkcs11_engine, ctx,
                                          key.key.define.private_key.s_byte)) {
        return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PRIVATE,
                                      COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                      &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_ENGINE: /* define private key */
      if (!defined_engine ||
          !install_engine_private_key_ctx(defined_engine, ctx,
                                          key.key.define.private_key.s_byte)) {
        return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PRIVATE,
                                      COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                      &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PKCS11_RPK: /* define private key */
    default:
      return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PRIVATE,
                                    COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_NOT_SUPPORTED,
                                    &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
    }
  } else if (key.key.define.public_cert.u_byte && key.key.define.public_cert.u_byte[0]) {
    return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PRIVATE,
                                  COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_NONE,
                                  &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
  }

  /*
   * Configure the Public Certificate / Key
   * OpenSSL < 1.1.1 and Server
   */
  if (key.key.define.public_cert.u_byte &&
      key.key.define.public_cert.u_byte[0]) {
    switch (key.key.define.public_cert_def) {
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PEM: /* define public cert */
      if (key.key.define.ca.u_byte &&
          key.key.define.ca.u_byte[0]) {
        if (!(SSL_CTX_use_certificate_file(ctx,
                                           key.key.define.public_cert.s_byte,
                                           SSL_FILETYPE_PEM))) {
          return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PUBLIC,
                                        COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                        &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
        }
      } else {
        if (!SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file(ctx,
                                                key.key.define.public_cert.s_byte)) {
          return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PUBLIC,
                                        COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                        &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
        }
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PEM_BUF: /* define public cert */
      if (key.key.define.public_cert_len) {
        BIO *bp = BIO_new_mem_buf(key.key.define.public_cert.u_byte,
                                  (int)key.key.define.public_cert_len);
        X509 *cert = bp ? PEM_read_bio_X509(bp, NULL, 0, NULL) : NULL;

        if (!cert || !SSL_CTX_use_certificate(ctx, cert)) {
          if (bp)
            BIO_free(bp);
          if (cert)
            X509_free(cert);
          return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PUBLIC,
                                        COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                        &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
        }
        if (bp)
          BIO_free(bp);
        if (cert)
          X509_free(cert);
      } else {
        return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PUBLIC,
                                      COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                      &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_RPK_BUF: /* define public cert */
      return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PUBLIC,
                                    COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_NOT_SUPPORTED,
                                    &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_DER: /* define public cert */
      if (!(SSL_CTX_use_certificate_file(ctx,
                                         key.key.define.public_cert.s_byte,
                                         SSL_FILETYPE_ASN1))) {
        return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PUBLIC,
                                      COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                      &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_DER_BUF: /* define public cert */
      if (key.key.define.public_cert_len == 0 ||
          !(SSL_CTX_use_certificate_ASN1(ctx,
                                         (int)key.key.define.public_cert_len,
                                         key.key.define.public_cert.u_byte))) {
        return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PUBLIC,
                                      COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                      &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PKCS11: /* define public cert */
      if (!check_pkcs11_engine()) {
        return 0;
      }
      if (!install_engine_public_cert_ctx(pkcs11_engine, ctx,
                                          key.key.define.public_cert.s_byte)) {
        return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PUBLIC,
                                      COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                      &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_ENGINE: /* define public cert */
      if (!defined_engine ||
          !install_engine_public_cert_ctx(defined_engine, ctx,
                                          key.key.define.public_cert.s_byte)) {
        return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PUBLIC,
                                      COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                      &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PKCS11_RPK: /* define public cert */
    default:
      return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PUBLIC,
                                    COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_NOT_SUPPORTED,
                                    &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
    }
  } else if (key.key.define.private_key.u_byte &&
             key.key.define.private_key.u_byte[0]) {
    return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PUBLIC,
                                  COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_NONE,
                                  &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
  }

  /*
   * Configure the CA
   */
  if (key.key.define.ca.u_byte &&
      key.key.define.ca.u_byte[0]) {
    switch (key.key.define.ca_def) {
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PEM:
      if (!load_in_cas_ctx(ctx, key.key.define.ca.s_byte)) {
        return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_CA,
                                      COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                      &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PEM_BUF: /* define ca */
      if (key.key.define.ca_len) {
        BIO *bp = BIO_new_mem_buf(key.key.define.ca.s_byte,
                                  (int)key.key.define.ca_len);
        X509 *x;
        X509_STORE *st = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ctx);

        if (bp) {
          for (;;) {
            if ((x = PEM_read_bio_X509(bp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) == NULL)
              break;
            add_ca_to_cert_store(st, x);
            SSL_CTX_add_client_CA(ctx, x);
            X509_free(x);
          }
          BIO_free(bp);
        }
      } else {
        return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_CA,
                                      COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                      &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_RPK_BUF: /* define ca */
      return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_CA,
                                    COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_NOT_SUPPORTED,
                                    &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_DER: /* define ca */
      if (!(SSL_CTX_use_certificate_file(ctx,
                                         key.key.define.ca.s_byte,
                                         SSL_FILETYPE_ASN1))) {
        return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_CA,
                                      COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                      &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_DER_BUF: /* define ca */
      if (key.key.define.ca_len > 0) {
        /* Need to use a temp variable as it gets incremented*/
        const uint8_t *p = key.key.define.ca.u_byte;
        X509 *x509 = d2i_X509(NULL, &p, (long)key.key.define.ca_len);
        X509_STORE *st;

        if (!x509 || !SSL_CTX_add_client_CA(ctx, x509)) {
          X509_free(x509);
          return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_CA,
                                        COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                        &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
        }

        /* Add CA to the trusted root CA store */
        st = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ctx);
        add_ca_to_cert_store(st, x509);
        X509_free(x509);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PKCS11: /* define ca */
      if (!check_pkcs11_engine()) {
        return 0;
      }
      if (!install_engine_ca_ctx(pkcs11_engine, ctx,
                                 key.key.define.ca.s_byte)) {
        return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_CA,
                                      COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                      &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_ENGINE: /* define ca */
      if (!defined_engine ||
          !install_engine_ca_ctx(defined_engine, ctx,
                                 key.key.define.ca.s_byte)) {
        return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_CA,
                                      COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                      &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PKCS11_RPK: /* define ca */
    default:
      return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_CA,
                                    COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_NOT_SUPPORTED,
                                    &key, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER, 0);
    }
  }

  return 1;
}
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L && COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L || COAP_CLIENT_SUPPORT

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L
static int
install_engine_public_cert(ENGINE *engine, SSL *ssl, const char *public_cert,
                           coap_dtls_role_t role) {
  X509 *x509;

  x509 = missing_ENGINE_load_cert(engine, public_cert);
  if (!x509) {
    coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: %s: Unable to load "
                  "%s Certificate\n",
                  public_cert,
                  role == COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER ? "Server" : "Client");
    return 0;
  }
  if (!SSL_use_certificate(ssl, x509)) {
    coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: %s: Unable to configure "
                  "%s Certificate\n",
                  public_cert,
                  role == COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER ? "Server" : "Client");
    X509_free(x509);
    return 0;
  }
  X509_free(x509);
  return 1;
}

static int
install_engine_private_key(ENGINE *engine, SSL *ssl, const char *private_key,
                           coap_dtls_role_t role) {
  EVP_PKEY *pkey = ENGINE_load_private_key(engine,
                                           private_key,
                                           NULL, NULL);

  if (!pkey) {
    coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: %s: Unable to load "
                  "%s Private Key\n",
                  private_key,
                  role == COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER ? "Server" : "Client");
    return 0;
  }
  if (!SSL_use_PrivateKey(ssl, pkey)) {
    coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: %s: Unable to configure "
                  "%s Private Key\n",
                  private_key,
                  role == COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER ? "Server" : "Client");
    EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
    return 0;
  }
  EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
  return 1;
}

static int
install_engine_ca(ENGINE *engine, SSL *ssl, const char *ca,
                  coap_dtls_role_t role) {
  X509 *x509;
  SSL_CTX *ctx = SSL_get_SSL_CTX(ssl);
  X509_STORE *st;

  if (!ctx) {
    coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: %s: Unable to load "
                  "%s CA Certificate (no ctx)\n",
                  ca,
                  role == COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER ? "Server" : "Client");
    return 0;
  }
  x509 = missing_ENGINE_load_cert(engine,
                                  ca);
  if (!x509) {
    coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: %s: Unable to load "
                  "%s CA Certificate\n",
                  ca,
                  role == COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER ? "Server" : "Client");
    return 0;
  }
  if (!SSL_add_client_CA(ssl, x509)) {
    coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: %s: Unable to configure "
                  "%s CA Certificate\n",
                  ca,
                  role == COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER ? "Server" : "Client");
    X509_free(x509);
    return 0;
  }
  st = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ctx);
  add_ca_to_cert_store(st, x509);
  X509_free(x509);
  return 1;
}
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L */

static int
load_in_cas(SSL *ssl,
            const char *ca_file, coap_dtls_role_t role) {
  X509_STORE *st;
  BIO *in;
  X509 *x = NULL;
  char *rw_var = NULL;
  SSL_CTX *ctx = SSL_get_SSL_CTX(ssl);

  if (role == COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER) {
    STACK_OF(X509_NAME) *cert_names = SSL_load_client_CA_file(ca_file);

    if (cert_names != NULL)
      SSL_set_client_CA_list(ssl, cert_names);
    else {
      return 0;
    }
  }

  if (!ctx)
    return 0;

  /* Add CA to the trusted root CA store */
  in = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
  if (!in)
    return 0;
  /* Need to do this to not get a compiler warning about const parameters */
  memcpy(&rw_var, &ca_file, sizeof(rw_var));
  if (!BIO_read_filename(in, rw_var)) {
    BIO_free(in);
    return 0;
  }
  st = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ctx);
  for (;;) {
    if ((x = PEM_read_bio_X509(in, NULL, NULL, NULL)) == NULL)
      break;
    add_ca_to_cert_store(st, x);
    X509_free(x);
  }
  BIO_free(in);
  return 1;
}

static int
setup_pki_ssl(SSL *ssl,
              coap_dtls_pki_t *setup_data, coap_dtls_role_t role) {
  coap_dtls_key_t key;

  /* Map over to the new define format to save code duplication */
  coap_dtls_map_key_type_to_define(setup_data, &key);

  assert(key.key_type == COAP_PKI_KEY_DEFINE);

  /*
   * Configure the Private Key
   */
  if (key.key.define.private_key.u_byte &&
      key.key.define.private_key.u_byte[0]) {
    switch (key.key.define.private_key_def) {
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PEM: /* define private key */
      if (!(SSL_use_PrivateKey_file(ssl,
                                    key.key.define.private_key.s_byte,
                                    SSL_FILETYPE_PEM))) {
        goto fail_bad_private;
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PEM_BUF: /* define private key */
      if (key.key.define.private_key_len) {
        BIO *bp = BIO_new_mem_buf(key.key.define.private_key.u_byte,
                                  (int)key.key.define.private_key_len);
        EVP_PKEY *pkey = bp ? PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(bp, NULL, 0, NULL) : NULL;

        if (!pkey || !SSL_use_PrivateKey(ssl, pkey)) {
          if (bp)
            BIO_free(bp);
          if (pkey)
            EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
          goto fail_bad_private;
        }
        if (bp)
          BIO_free(bp);
        if (pkey)
          EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
      } else {
        goto fail_none_private;
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_RPK_BUF: /* define private key */
      goto fail_ns_private;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_DER: /* define private key */
      if (!(SSL_use_PrivateKey_file(ssl,
                                    key.key.define.private_key.s_byte,
                                    SSL_FILETYPE_ASN1))) {
        goto fail_bad_private;
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_DER_BUF: /* define private key */
      if (key.key.define.private_key_len == 0 ||
          !(SSL_use_PrivateKey_ASN1(map_key_type(key.key.define.private_key_type),
                                    ssl,
                                    key.key.define.private_key.u_byte,
                                    (long)key.key.define.private_key_len))) {
        goto fail_bad_private;
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PKCS11: /* define private key */
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L
      if (!check_pkcs11_engine()) {
        goto fail_bad_private;
      }
      if (key.key.define.user_pin) {
        /* If not set, pin-value may be held in pkcs11: URI */
        if (ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(pkcs11_engine,
                                   "PIN",
                                   key.key.define.user_pin, 0) == 0) {
          coap_log_warn("*** setup_pki: (D)TLS: PKCS11: %s: Unable to set pin\n",
                        key.key.define.user_pin);
          goto fail_bad_private;
        }
      }
      if (!install_engine_private_key(pkcs11_engine, ssl,
                                      key.key.define.private_key.s_byte,
                                      role)) {
        goto fail_bad_private;
      }
#else /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x40000000L */
      goto fail_bad_private;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x40000000L */
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_ENGINE: /* define private key */
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L
      if (!defined_engine ||
          !install_engine_private_key(defined_engine, ssl,
                                      key.key.define.private_key.s_byte,
                                      role)) {
        goto fail_bad_private;
      }
      break;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L */
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PKCS11_RPK: /* define private key */
    default:
      goto fail_ns_private;
    }
  } else if (role == COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER ||
             (key.key.define.public_cert.u_byte &&
              key.key.define.public_cert.u_byte[0])) {
    goto fail_none_private;
  }

  /*
   * Configure the Public Certificate / Key
   */
  if (key.key.define.public_cert.u_byte &&
      key.key.define.public_cert.u_byte[0]) {
    switch (key.key.define.public_cert_def) {
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PEM: /* define public cert */
      if (key.key.define.ca.u_byte &&
          key.key.define.ca.u_byte[0]) {
        /* If CA is separately defined */
        if (!(SSL_use_certificate_file(ssl,
                                       key.key.define.public_cert.s_byte,
                                       SSL_FILETYPE_PEM))) {
          goto fail_bad_public;
        }
      } else {
        if (!SSL_use_certificate_chain_file(ssl,
                                            key.key.define.public_cert.s_byte)) {
          goto fail_bad_public;
        }
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PEM_BUF: /* define public cert */
      if (key.key.define.public_cert_len) {
        BIO *bp = BIO_new_mem_buf(key.key.define.public_cert.s_byte,
                                  (int)key.key.define.public_cert_len);
        X509 *cert = bp ? PEM_read_bio_X509(bp, NULL, 0, NULL) : NULL;

        if (!cert || !SSL_use_certificate(ssl, cert)) {
          if (bp)
            BIO_free(bp);
          if (cert)
            X509_free(cert);
          goto fail_bad_public;
        }
        if (bp)
          BIO_free(bp);
        if (cert)
          X509_free(cert);
      } else {
        goto fail_bad_public;
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_RPK_BUF: /* define public cert */
      goto fail_ns_public;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_DER: /* define public cert */
      if (!(SSL_use_certificate_file(ssl,
                                     key.key.define.public_cert.s_byte,
                                     SSL_FILETYPE_ASN1))) {
        goto fail_bad_public;
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_DER_BUF: /* define public cert */
      if (key.key.define.public_cert_len == 0 ||
          !(SSL_use_certificate_ASN1(ssl,
                                     key.key.define.public_cert.u_byte,
                                     (int)key.key.define.public_cert_len))) {
        goto fail_bad_public;
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PKCS11: /* define public cert */
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L
      if (!check_pkcs11_engine()) {
        goto fail_bad_public;
      }
      if (!install_engine_public_cert(pkcs11_engine, ssl,
                                      key.key.define.public_cert.s_byte,
                                      role)) {
        goto fail_bad_public;
      }
#else /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x40000000L */
      goto fail_bad_public;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x40000000L */
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_ENGINE: /* define public cert */
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L
      if (!defined_engine ||
          !install_engine_public_cert(defined_engine, ssl,
                                      key.key.define.public_cert.s_byte,
                                      role)) {
        goto fail_bad_public;
      }
      break;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L */
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PKCS11_RPK: /* define public cert */
    default:
      goto fail_ns_public;
    }
  } else if (role == COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER ||
             (key.key.define.private_key.u_byte &&
              key.key.define.private_key.u_byte[0])) {

    return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PUBLIC,
                                  COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_NONE,
                                  &key, role, 0);
  }

  /*
   * Configure the CA
   */
  if (key.key.define.ca.u_byte &&
      key.key.define.ca.u_byte[0]) {
    switch (key.key.define.ca_def) {
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PEM:
      if (!load_in_cas(ssl, key.key.define.ca.s_byte, role)) {
        goto fail_bad_ca;
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PEM_BUF: /* define ca */
      if (key.key.define.ca_len) {
        BIO *bp = BIO_new_mem_buf(key.key.define.ca.u_byte,
                                  (int)key.key.define.ca_len);
        SSL_CTX *ctx = SSL_get_SSL_CTX(ssl);
        X509 *x;
        X509_STORE *st = ctx? SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ctx) : NULL;

        if (bp) {
          for (;;) {
            if ((x = PEM_read_bio_X509(bp, NULL, 0, NULL)) == NULL)
              break;
            if (st)
              add_ca_to_cert_store(st, x);
            SSL_add_client_CA(ssl, x);
            X509_free(x);
          }
          BIO_free(bp);
        }
      } else {
        goto fail_bad_ca;
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_RPK_BUF: /* define ca */
      goto fail_ns_ca;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_DER: /* define ca */
      if (!(SSL_use_certificate_file(ssl,
                                     key.key.define.ca.s_byte,
                                     SSL_FILETYPE_ASN1))) {
        goto fail_bad_ca;
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_DER_BUF: /* define ca */
      if (key.key.define.ca_len > 0) {
        /* Need to use a temp variable as it gets incremented*/
        const uint8_t *p = key.key.define.ca.u_byte;
        X509 *x509 = d2i_X509(NULL, &p, (long)key.key.define.ca_len);
        X509_STORE *st;
        SSL_CTX *ctx = SSL_get_SSL_CTX(ssl);

        if (role == COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER) {
          if (!x509 || !SSL_add_client_CA(ssl, x509)) {
            X509_free(x509);
            goto fail_bad_ca;
          }
        }

        /* Add CA to the trusted root CA store */
        st = ctx ? SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ctx) : NULL;
        if (st)
          add_ca_to_cert_store(st, x509);
        X509_free(x509);
      }
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PKCS11: /* define ca */
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L
      if (!check_pkcs11_engine()) {
        goto fail_bad_ca;
      }
      if (!install_engine_ca(pkcs11_engine, ssl,
                             key.key.define.ca.s_byte,
                             role)) {
        goto fail_bad_ca;
      }
#else /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x40000000L */
      goto fail_bad_ca;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x40000000L */
      break;
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_ENGINE: /* define ca */
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L
      if (!defined_engine ||
          !install_engine_ca(defined_engine, ssl,
                             key.key.define.ca.s_byte,
                             role)) {
        goto fail_bad_ca;
      }
      break;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L */
    case COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_PKCS11_RPK: /* define ca */
    default:
      goto fail_ns_ca;
    }
  }

  return 1;

fail_bad_private:
  return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PRIVATE,
                                COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                &key, role, 0);
fail_ns_private:
  return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PRIVATE,
                                COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_NOT_SUPPORTED,
                                &key, role, 0);
fail_none_private:
  return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PRIVATE,
                                COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_NONE,
                                &key, role, 0);
fail_bad_public:
  return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PUBLIC,
                                COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                &key, role, 0);
fail_ns_public:
  return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_PUBLIC,
                                COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_NOT_SUPPORTED,
                                &key, role, 0);
fail_bad_ca:
  return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_CA,
                                COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_BAD,
                                &key, role, 0);
fail_ns_ca:
  return coap_dtls_define_issue(COAP_DEFINE_KEY_CA,
                                COAP_DEFINE_FAIL_NOT_SUPPORTED,
                                &key, role, 0);

}
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L || COAP_CLIENT_SUPPORT */

static char *
get_san_or_cn_from_cert(coap_session_t *session, X509 *x509, const char *sni_match) {
  if (x509) {
    char *cn;
    int n;
    STACK_OF(GENERAL_NAME) *san_list;
    char buffer[256];

    (void)session;
    san_list = X509_get_ext_d2i(x509, NID_subject_alt_name, NULL, NULL);
    if (san_list) {
      int san_count = sk_GENERAL_NAME_num(san_list);

      for (n = 0; n < san_count; n++) {
        const GENERAL_NAME *name = sk_GENERAL_NAME_value(san_list, n);

        if (name && name->type == GEN_DNS) {
          const char *dns_name = (const char *)ASN1_STRING_get0_data(name->d.dNSName);

          /* Make sure that there is not an embedded NUL in the dns_name */
          if (ASN1_STRING_length(name->d.dNSName) != (int)strlen(dns_name))
            continue;
          if (sni_match) {
            if (strcmp(dns_name, sni_match)) {
              continue;
            }
          }
          cn = OPENSSL_strdup(dns_name);
          sk_GENERAL_NAME_pop_free(san_list, GENERAL_NAME_free);
          return cn;
        }
      }
      sk_GENERAL_NAME_pop_free(san_list, GENERAL_NAME_free);
    }
    /* Otherwise look for the CN= field */
    X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_subject_name(x509), buffer, sizeof(buffer));

    /* Need to emulate strcasestr() here.  Looking for CN= */
    n = (int)strlen(buffer) - 3;
    cn = buffer;
    while (n > 0) {
      if (((cn[0] == 'C') || (cn[0] == 'c')) &&
          ((cn[1] == 'N') || (cn[1] == 'n')) &&
          (cn[2] == '=')) {
        cn += 3;
        break;
      }
      cn++;
      n--;
    }
    if (n > 0) {
      char *ecn = strchr(cn, '/');
      if (ecn) {
        cn[ecn-cn] = '\000';
      }
      if (sni_match) {
        if (!coap_pki_name_match_sni(cn, strlen(cn), sni_match)) {
          coap_log_debug("   %s: got CN '%s'\n",
                         coap_session_str(session), cn);
          goto no_match;
        }
      }
      return OPENSSL_strdup(cn);
    }
no_match:
    if (!sni_match) {
      return NULL;
    }
    san_list = X509_get_ext_d2i(x509, NID_subject_alt_name, NULL, NULL);
    if (san_list) {
      int san_count = sk_GENERAL_NAME_num(san_list);

      for (n = 0; n < san_count; n++) {
        const GENERAL_NAME *name = sk_GENERAL_NAME_value(san_list, n);

        if (name && name->type == GEN_DNS) {
          const char *dns_name = (const char *)ASN1_STRING_get0_data(name->d.dNSName);

          /* Make sure that there is not an embedded NUL in the dns_name */
          if (ASN1_STRING_length(name->d.dNSName) != (int)strlen(dns_name))
            continue;
          coap_log_debug("   %s: got DNS.%d '%s'\n",
                         coap_session_str(session), n + 1, dns_name);
        }
      }
      sk_GENERAL_NAME_pop_free(san_list, GENERAL_NAME_free);
    }
  }
  return NULL;
}

static int
tls_verify_call_back(int preverify_ok, X509_STORE_CTX *ctx) {
  int index = SSL_get_ex_data_X509_STORE_CTX_idx();
  SSL *ssl = index >= 0 ? X509_STORE_CTX_get_ex_data(ctx, index) : NULL;
  coap_session_t *session = ssl ? SSL_get_app_data(ssl) : NULL;
  coap_openssl_context_t *context = (session && session->context) ?
                                    ((coap_openssl_context_t *)session->context->dtls_context) : NULL;
  coap_dtls_pki_t *setup_data = context ? &context->setup_data : NULL;
  int depth = X509_STORE_CTX_get_error_depth(ctx);
  int err = X509_STORE_CTX_get_error(ctx);
  X509 *x509 = X509_STORE_CTX_get_current_cert(ctx);
  char *cn = NULL;

  if (!setup_data || !x509) {
    X509_STORE_CTX_set_error(ctx, X509_V_ERR_UNSPECIFIED);
    return 0;
  }
  if (depth == 0 && session->type == COAP_SESSION_TYPE_CLIENT && setup_data->client_sni &&
      !setup_data->allow_sni_cn_mismatch) {
    cn = get_san_or_cn_from_cert(session, x509, setup_data->client_sni);
    if (!cn) {
      coap_log_info("   %s: SNI '%s' not returned in certificate\n",
                    coap_session_str(session), setup_data->client_sni);
      preverify_ok = 0;
      X509_STORE_CTX_set_error(ctx, X509_V_ERR_SUBJECT_ISSUER_MISMATCH);
      err = X509_V_ERR_SUBJECT_ISSUER_MISMATCH;
    }
  }
  if (!cn)
    cn = get_san_or_cn_from_cert(session, x509, NULL);

  coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_DEBUG, "depth %d error %x preverify %d cert '%s'\n",
                depth, err, preverify_ok, cn);

  /* Certificate - depth == 0 is the Client Cert */
  if (setup_data->validate_cn_call_back) {
    int length = i2d_X509(x509, NULL);
    uint8_t *base_buf;
    uint8_t *base_buf2 = base_buf = length > 0 ? OPENSSL_malloc(length) : NULL;
    int ret;

    if (base_buf) {
      /* base_buf2 gets moved to the end */
      assert(i2d_X509(x509, &base_buf2) > 0);
      (void)base_buf2;
      coap_lock_callback_ret(ret,
                             setup_data->validate_cn_call_back(cn, base_buf, length, session,
                                                               depth, preverify_ok,
                                                               setup_data->cn_call_back_arg));
      if (!ret) {
        if (depth == 0) {
          X509_STORE_CTX_set_error(ctx, X509_V_ERR_CERT_REJECTED);
        } else {
          X509_STORE_CTX_set_error(ctx, X509_V_ERR_INVALID_CA);
        }
        preverify_ok = 0;
      }
      OPENSSL_free(base_buf);
    } else {
      X509_STORE_CTX_set_error(ctx, X509_V_ERR_UNSPECIFIED);
      preverify_ok = 0;
    }
  }
  if (!preverify_ok) {
    switch (err) {
    case X509_V_ERR_CERT_NOT_YET_VALID:
    case X509_V_ERR_CERT_HAS_EXPIRED:
      if (setup_data->allow_expired_certs)
        preverify_ok = 1;
      break;
    case X509_V_ERR_DEPTH_ZERO_SELF_SIGNED_CERT:
      if (setup_data->allow_self_signed && !setup_data->check_common_ca)
        preverify_ok = 1;
      break;
    case X509_V_ERR_SELF_SIGNED_CERT_IN_CHAIN: /* Set if the CA is not known */
      if (!setup_data->verify_peer_cert)
        preverify_ok = 1;
      break;
    case X509_V_ERR_UNABLE_TO_GET_CRL:
      if (setup_data->allow_no_crl)
        preverify_ok = 1;
      break;
    case X509_V_ERR_CRL_NOT_YET_VALID:
    case X509_V_ERR_CRL_HAS_EXPIRED:
      if (setup_data->allow_expired_crl)
        preverify_ok = 1;
      break;
    case X509_V_ERR_UNABLE_TO_GET_ISSUER_CERT_LOCALLY:
    case X509_V_ERR_UNABLE_TO_VERIFY_LEAF_SIGNATURE:
    case X509_V_ERR_AKID_SKID_MISMATCH:
      if (!setup_data->verify_peer_cert)
        preverify_ok = 1;
      break;
    case X509_V_ERR_SUBJECT_ISSUER_MISMATCH:
      if (setup_data->allow_sni_cn_mismatch)
        preverify_ok = 1;
      break;
    default:
      break;
    }
    if (setup_data->cert_chain_validation &&
        depth > (setup_data->cert_chain_verify_depth + 1)) {
      preverify_ok = 0;
      err = X509_V_ERR_CERT_CHAIN_TOO_LONG;
      X509_STORE_CTX_set_error(ctx, err);
    }
    if (!preverify_ok) {
      if (err == X509_V_ERR_SELF_SIGNED_CERT_IN_CHAIN) {
        coap_log_warn("   %s: %s: '%s' depth=%d\n",
                      coap_session_str(session),
                      "Unknown CA", cn ? cn : "?", depth);
      } else {
        coap_log_warn("   %s: %s: '%s' depth=%d\n",
                      coap_session_str(session),
                      X509_verify_cert_error_string(err), cn ? cn : "?", depth);
      }
    } else {
      coap_log_info("   %s: %s: overridden: '%s' depth=%d\n",
                    coap_session_str(session),
                    X509_verify_cert_error_string(err), cn ? cn : "?", depth);
    }
  }
  OPENSSL_free(cn);
  return preverify_ok;
}

#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L
/* OpenSSL < 1.1.1 */
/*
 * During the SSL/TLS initial negotiations, tls_secret_call_back() is called so
 * it is possible to determine whether this is a PKI or PSK incoming
 * request and adjust the ciphers if necessary
 *
 * Set up by SSL_set_session_secret_cb() in tls_server_name_call_back()
 */
static int
tls_secret_call_back(SSL *ssl,
                     void *secret,
                     int *secretlen,
                     STACK_OF(SSL_CIPHER) *peer_ciphers,
                     const SSL_CIPHER **cipher COAP_UNUSED,
                     void *arg) {
  int     ii;
  int     psk_requested = 0;
  coap_session_t *session;
  coap_dtls_pki_t *setup_data = (coap_dtls_pki_t *)arg;

  session = (coap_session_t *)SSL_get_app_data(ssl);
  assert(session != NULL);
  assert(session->context != NULL);
  if (session == NULL ||
      session->context == NULL)
    return 0;

  if ((session->psk_key) ||
      (session->context->spsk_setup_data.psk_info.key.s &&
       session->context->spsk_setup_data.psk_info.key.length)) {
    /* Is PSK being requested - if so, we need to change algorithms */
    for (ii = 0; ii < sk_SSL_CIPHER_num(peer_ciphers); ii++) {
      const SSL_CIPHER *peer_cipher = sk_SSL_CIPHER_value(peer_ciphers, ii);

      coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_INFO, "Client cipher: %s\n",
                    SSL_CIPHER_get_name(peer_cipher));
      if (strstr(SSL_CIPHER_get_name(peer_cipher), "PSK")) {
        psk_requested = 1;
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  if (!psk_requested) {
    coap_log_debug("   %s: Using PKI ciphers\n",
                   coap_session_str(session));

    if (setup_data->verify_peer_cert) {
      SSL_set_verify(ssl,
                     SSL_VERIFY_PEER |
                     SSL_VERIFY_CLIENT_ONCE |
                     SSL_VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT,
                     tls_verify_call_back);
    } else {
      SSL_set_verify(ssl, SSL_VERIFY_NONE, tls_verify_call_back);
    }

    /* Check CA Chain */
    if (setup_data->cert_chain_validation)
      SSL_set_verify_depth(ssl, setup_data->cert_chain_verify_depth + 2);

    /* Certificate Revocation */
    if (setup_data->check_cert_revocation) {
      X509_VERIFY_PARAM *param;

      param = X509_VERIFY_PARAM_new();
      if (param) {
        X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_flags(param, X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK);
        SSL_set1_param(ssl, param);
        X509_VERIFY_PARAM_free(param);
      }
    }
    if (setup_data->additional_tls_setup_call_back) {
      /* Additional application setup wanted */
      if (!setup_data->additional_tls_setup_call_back(ssl, setup_data))
        return 0;
    }
  } else {
    if (session->psk_key) {
      memcpy(secret, session->psk_key->s, session->psk_key->length);
      *secretlen = session->psk_key->length;
    } else if (session->context->spsk_setup_data.psk_info.key.s &&
               session->context->spsk_setup_data.psk_info.key.length) {
      memcpy(secret, session->context->spsk_setup_data.psk_info.key.s,
             session->context->spsk_setup_data.psk_info.key.length);
      *secretlen = session->context->spsk_setup_data.psk_info.key.length;
    }
    coap_log_debug("   %s: Setting PSK ciphers\n",
                   coap_session_str(session));
    /*
     * Force a PSK algorithm to be used, so we do PSK
     */
    SSL_set_cipher_list(ssl, COAP_OPENSSL_PSK_CIPHERS);
#ifdef COAP_OPENSSL_PSK_SECURITY_LEVEL
    /*
     * Set to 0 if, for example, PSK-AES128-CCM8 is to be supported (64 bits).
     * Potentially opens up security vulnerabilities.
     * Default value is 1.
    */
    SSL_set_security_level(ssl, COAP_OPENSSL_PSK_SECURITY_LEVEL);
#endif /* COAP_OPENSSL_PSK_SECURITY_LEVEL */
    SSL_set_psk_server_callback(ssl, coap_dtls_psk_server_callback);
  }
  return 0;
}

/* OpenSSL < 1.1.1 */
/*
 * During the SSL/TLS initial negotiations, tls_server_name_call_back() is
 * called so it is possible to set up an extra callback to determine whether
 * this is a PKI or PSK incoming request and adjust the ciphers if necessary
 *
 * Set up by SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_callback() in
 * coap_dtls_context_set_pki()
 */
static int
tls_server_name_call_back(SSL *ssl,
                          int *sd COAP_UNUSED,
                          void *arg) {
  coap_dtls_pki_t *setup_data = (coap_dtls_pki_t *)arg;

  if (!ssl) {
    return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_NOACK;
  }

  if (setup_data->validate_sni_call_back) {
    /* SNI checking requested */
    coap_session_t *session = (coap_session_t *)SSL_get_app_data(ssl);
    coap_openssl_context_t *context = (session && session->context) ?
                                      ((coap_openssl_context_t *)session->context->dtls_context) : NULL;
    const char *sni = SSL_get_servername(ssl, TLSEXT_NAMETYPE_host_name);
    size_t i;

    if (!context)
      return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_NOACK;

    if (!sni || !sni[0]) {
      sni = "";
    }
    for (i = 0; i < context->sni_count; i++) {
      if (!strcasecmp(sni, context->sni_entry_list[i].sni)) {
        break;
      }
    }
    if (i == context->sni_count) {
      SSL_CTX *ctx;
      coap_dtls_pki_t sni_setup_data;
      coap_dtls_key_t *new_entry;

      coap_lock_callback_ret(new_entry,
                             setup_data->validate_sni_call_back(sni,
                                                                setup_data->sni_call_back_arg));
      if (!new_entry) {
        return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_ALERT_FATAL;
      }
      /* Need to set up a new SSL_CTX to switch to */
      if (session->proto == COAP_PROTO_DTLS) {
        /* Set up DTLS context */
        ctx = SSL_CTX_new(DTLS_method());
        if (!ctx)
          goto error;
        SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version(ctx, DTLS1_2_VERSION);
        SSL_CTX_set_app_data(ctx, &context->dtls);
        SSL_CTX_set_read_ahead(ctx, 1);
        coap_set_user_prefs(ctx);
        SSL_CTX_set_cookie_generate_cb(ctx, coap_dtls_generate_cookie);
        SSL_CTX_set_cookie_verify_cb(ctx, coap_dtls_verify_cookie);
        SSL_CTX_set_info_callback(ctx, coap_dtls_info_callback);
        SSL_CTX_set_options(ctx, SSL_OP_NO_QUERY_MTU);
      }
#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
      else {
        /* Set up TLS context */
        ctx = SSL_CTX_new(TLS_method());
        if (!ctx)
          goto error;
        SSL_CTX_set_app_data(ctx, &context->tls);
        SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version(ctx, TLS1_VERSION);
        coap_set_user_prefs(ctx);
        SSL_CTX_set_info_callback(ctx, coap_dtls_info_callback);
        SSL_CTX_set_alpn_select_cb(ctx, server_alpn_callback, NULL);
      }
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */
      sni_setup_data = *setup_data;
      sni_setup_data.pki_key = *new_entry;
      setup_pki_server(ctx, &sni_setup_data);

      context->sni_entry_list = OPENSSL_realloc(context->sni_entry_list,
                                                (context->sni_count+1)*sizeof(sni_entry));
      context->sni_entry_list[context->sni_count].sni = OPENSSL_strdup(sni);
      context->sni_entry_list[context->sni_count].ctx = ctx;
      context->sni_count++;
    }
    SSL_set_SSL_CTX(ssl, context->sni_entry_list[i].ctx);
    SSL_clear_options(ssl, 0xFFFFFFFFL);
    SSL_set_options(ssl, SSL_CTX_get_options(context->sni_entry_list[i].ctx));
  }

  /*
   * Have to do extra call back next to get client algorithms
   * SSL_get_client_ciphers() does not work this early on
   */
  SSL_set_session_secret_cb(ssl, tls_secret_call_back, arg);
  return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_OK;

error:
  return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_ALERT_WARNING;
}

/* OpenSSL < 1.1.1 */
/*
 * During the SSL/TLS initial negotiations, psk_tls_server_name_call_back() is
 * called to see if SNI is being used.
 *
 * Set up by SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_callback()
 * in coap_dtls_context_set_spsk()
 */
static int
psk_tls_server_name_call_back(SSL *ssl,
                              int *sd COAP_UNUSED,
                              void *arg
                             ) {
  coap_dtls_spsk_t *setup_data = (coap_dtls_spsk_t *)arg;

  if (!ssl) {
    return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_NOACK;
  }

  if (setup_data->validate_sni_call_back) {
    /* SNI checking requested */
    coap_session_t *c_session = (coap_session_t *)SSL_get_app_data(ssl);
    coap_openssl_context_t *o_context = (c_session && c_session->context) ?
                                        ((coap_openssl_context_t *)c_session->context->dtls_context) : NULL;
    const char *sni = SSL_get_servername(ssl, TLSEXT_NAMETYPE_host_name);
    size_t i;
    char lhint[COAP_DTLS_HINT_LENGTH];

    if (!o_context)
      return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_ALERT_FATAL;

    if (!sni || !sni[0]) {
      sni = "";
    }
    for (i = 0; i < o_context->psk_sni_count; i++) {
      if (!strcasecmp(sni, (char *)o_context->psk_sni_entry_list[i].sni)) {
        break;
      }
    }
    if (i == o_context->psk_sni_count) {
      SSL_CTX *ctx;
      const coap_dtls_spsk_info_t *new_entry;

      coap_lock_callback_ret(new_entry,
                             setup_data->validate_sni_call_back(sni,
                                                                c_session,
                                                                setup_data->sni_call_back_arg));
      if (!new_entry) {
        return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_ALERT_FATAL;
      }
      /* Need to set up a new SSL_CTX to switch to */
      if (c_session->proto == COAP_PROTO_DTLS) {
        /* Set up DTLS context */
        ctx = SSL_CTX_new(DTLS_method());
        if (!ctx)
          goto error;
        SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version(ctx, DTLS1_2_VERSION);
        SSL_CTX_set_app_data(ctx, &o_context->dtls);
        SSL_CTX_set_read_ahead(ctx, 1);
        SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list(ctx, COAP_OPENSSL_CIPHERS);
        SSL_CTX_set_cookie_generate_cb(ctx, coap_dtls_generate_cookie);
        SSL_CTX_set_cookie_verify_cb(ctx, coap_dtls_verify_cookie);
        SSL_CTX_set_info_callback(ctx, coap_dtls_info_callback);
        SSL_CTX_set_options(ctx, SSL_OP_NO_QUERY_MTU);
      }
#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
      else {
        /* Set up TLS context */
        ctx = SSL_CTX_new(TLS_method());
        if (!ctx)
          goto error;
        SSL_CTX_set_app_data(ctx, &o_context->tls);
        SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version(ctx, TLS1_VERSION);
        SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list(ctx, COAP_OPENSSL_CIPHERS);
        SSL_CTX_set_info_callback(ctx, coap_dtls_info_callback);
        SSL_CTX_set_alpn_select_cb(ctx, server_alpn_callback, NULL);
      }
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */

      o_context->psk_sni_entry_list =
          OPENSSL_realloc(o_context->psk_sni_entry_list,
                          (o_context->psk_sni_count+1)*sizeof(psk_sni_entry));
      o_context->psk_sni_entry_list[o_context->psk_sni_count].sni =
          OPENSSL_strdup(sni);
      o_context->psk_sni_entry_list[o_context->psk_sni_count].psk_info =
          *new_entry;
      o_context->psk_sni_entry_list[o_context->psk_sni_count].ctx =
          ctx;
      o_context->psk_sni_count++;
    }
    SSL_set_SSL_CTX(ssl, o_context->psk_sni_entry_list[i].ctx);
    SSL_clear_options(ssl, 0xFFFFFFFFL);
    SSL_set_options(ssl,
                    SSL_CTX_get_options(o_context->psk_sni_entry_list[i].ctx));
    coap_session_refresh_psk_key(c_session,
                                 &o_context->psk_sni_entry_list[i].psk_info.key);
    snprintf(lhint, sizeof(lhint), "%.*s",
             (int)o_context->psk_sni_entry_list[i].psk_info.hint.length,
             o_context->psk_sni_entry_list[i].psk_info.hint.s);
    SSL_use_psk_identity_hint(ssl, lhint);
  }

  /*
   * Have to do extra call back next to get client algorithms
   * SSL_get_client_ciphers() does not work this early on
   */
  SSL_set_session_secret_cb(ssl, tls_secret_call_back, arg);
  return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_OK;

error:
  return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_ALERT_WARNING;
}
#else /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
/* OpenSSL >= 1.1.1 */
/*
 * During the SSL/TLS initial negotiations, tls_client_hello_call_back() is
 * called early in the Client Hello processing so it is possible to determine
 * whether this is a PKI or PSK incoming request and adjust the ciphers if
 * necessary.
 *
 * Set up by SSL_CTX_set_client_hello_cb().
 */
static int
tls_client_hello_call_back(SSL *ssl,
                           int *al,
                           void *arg COAP_UNUSED
                          ) {
  coap_session_t *session;
  coap_openssl_context_t *dtls_context;
  coap_dtls_pki_t *setup_data;
  int psk_requested = 0;
  const unsigned char *out;
  size_t outlen;

  if (!ssl) {
    *al = SSL_AD_INTERNAL_ERROR;
    return SSL_CLIENT_HELLO_ERROR;
  }
  session = (coap_session_t *)SSL_get_app_data(ssl);
  assert(session != NULL);
  assert(session->context != NULL);
  assert(session->context->dtls_context != NULL);
  if (session == NULL ||
      session->context == NULL ||
      session->context->dtls_context == NULL) {
    *al = SSL_AD_INTERNAL_ERROR;
    return SSL_CLIENT_HELLO_ERROR;
  }
  dtls_context = (coap_openssl_context_t *)session->context->dtls_context;
  setup_data = &dtls_context->setup_data;

  /*
   * See if PSK being requested
   */
  if ((session->psk_key) ||
      (session->context->spsk_setup_data.psk_info.key.s &&
       session->context->spsk_setup_data.psk_info.key.length)) {
    size_t len = SSL_client_hello_get0_ciphers(ssl, &out);
    STACK_OF(SSL_CIPHER) *peer_ciphers = NULL;
    STACK_OF(SSL_CIPHER) *scsvc = NULL;

    if (len && SSL_bytes_to_cipher_list(ssl, out, len,
                                        SSL_client_hello_isv2(ssl),
                                        &peer_ciphers, &scsvc)) {
      int ii;
      for (ii = 0; ii < sk_SSL_CIPHER_num(peer_ciphers); ii++) {
        const SSL_CIPHER *peer_cipher = sk_SSL_CIPHER_value(peer_ciphers, ii);

        coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_INFO,
                      "Client cipher: %s (%04x)\n",
                      SSL_CIPHER_get_name(peer_cipher),
                      SSL_CIPHER_get_protocol_id(peer_cipher));
        if (strstr(SSL_CIPHER_get_name(peer_cipher), "PSK")) {
          psk_requested = 1;
          break;
        }
      }
    }
    sk_SSL_CIPHER_free(peer_ciphers);
    sk_SSL_CIPHER_free(scsvc);
  }

  if (psk_requested) {
    /*
     * Client has requested PSK and it is supported
     */
    coap_dtls_spsk_t *psk_setup_data = &session->context->spsk_setup_data;

    if (psk_setup_data->validate_sni_call_back) {
      const char *sni = "";
      char *sni_tmp = NULL;
      char lhint[COAP_DTLS_HINT_LENGTH];
      const coap_dtls_spsk_info_t *new_entry;

      if (SSL_client_hello_get0_ext(ssl, TLSEXT_TYPE_server_name,
                                    &out, &outlen) &&
          outlen > 5 &&
          (((out[0] << 8) + out[1] + 2) == (int)outlen) &&
          out[2] == TLSEXT_NAMETYPE_host_name &&
          (((out[3] << 8) + out[4] + 2 + 3) == (int)outlen)) {
        /* Skip over length, type and length */
        out += 5;
        outlen -= 5;
        sni_tmp = OPENSSL_malloc(outlen + 1);
        if (sni_tmp) {
          sni_tmp[outlen] = '\000';
          memcpy(sni_tmp, out, outlen);
          sni = sni_tmp;
        }
      }

      coap_lock_callback_ret(new_entry,
                             psk_setup_data->validate_sni_call_back(
                                 sni,
                                 session,
                                 psk_setup_data->sni_call_back_arg));
      if (!new_entry) {
        if (sni_tmp) {
          OPENSSL_free(sni_tmp);
        }
        *al = SSL_AD_UNRECOGNIZED_NAME;
        return SSL_CLIENT_HELLO_ERROR;
      }

      if (sni_tmp) {
        OPENSSL_free(sni_tmp);
      }
      if (coap_session_refresh_psk_hint(session, &new_entry->hint) == 0) {
        *al = SSL_AD_INTERNAL_ERROR;
        return SSL_CLIENT_HELLO_ERROR;
      }
      if (coap_session_refresh_psk_key(session, &new_entry->key) == 0) {
        *al = SSL_AD_INTERNAL_ERROR;
        return SSL_CLIENT_HELLO_ERROR;
      }
      if (new_entry->hint.s) {
        snprintf(lhint, sizeof(lhint), "%.*s",
                 (int)new_entry->hint.length,
                 new_entry->hint.s);
        SSL_use_psk_identity_hint(ssl, lhint);
      }
    }
    coap_log_debug("   %s: PSK request\n",
                   coap_session_str(session));
    SSL_set_psk_server_callback(ssl, coap_dtls_psk_server_callback);
    if (setup_data->additional_tls_setup_call_back) {
      /* Additional application setup wanted */
      if (!setup_data->additional_tls_setup_call_back(ssl, setup_data))
        return 0;
    }
    return SSL_CLIENT_HELLO_SUCCESS;
  }

  /*
   * Handle Certificate requests
   */

  /*
   * Determine what type of certificate is being requested
   */
  if (SSL_client_hello_get0_ext(ssl, TLSEXT_TYPE_client_certificate_type,
                                &out, &outlen)) {
    size_t ii;
    for (ii = 0; ii < outlen; ii++) {
      switch (out[ii]) {
      case 0:
        /* RFC6091 X.509 */
        if (outlen >= 2) {
          /* X.509 cannot be the singular entry. RFC6091 3.1. Client Hello */
          goto is_x509;
        }
        break;
      case 2:
        /* RFC7250 RPK - not yet supported */
        break;
      default:
        break;
      }
    }
    *al = SSL_AD_UNSUPPORTED_EXTENSION;
    return SSL_CLIENT_HELLO_ERROR;
  }

is_x509:
  if (setup_data->validate_sni_call_back) {
    /*
     * SNI checking requested
     */
    coap_dtls_pki_t sni_setup_data;
    coap_openssl_context_t *context =
        ((coap_openssl_context_t *)session->context->dtls_context);
    const char *sni = "";
    char *sni_tmp = NULL;
    size_t i;

    if (SSL_client_hello_get0_ext(ssl, TLSEXT_TYPE_server_name, &out, &outlen) &&
        outlen > 5 &&
        (((out[0]<<8) + out[1] +2) == (int)outlen) &&
        out[2] == TLSEXT_NAMETYPE_host_name &&
        (((out[3]<<8) + out[4] +2 +3) == (int)outlen)) {
      /* Skip over length, type and length */
      out += 5;
      outlen -= 5;
      sni_tmp = OPENSSL_malloc(outlen+1);
      sni_tmp[outlen] = '\000';
      memcpy(sni_tmp, out, outlen);
      sni = sni_tmp;
    }
    /* Is this a cached entry? */
    for (i = 0; i < context->sni_count; i++) {
      if (!strcasecmp(sni, context->sni_entry_list[i].sni)) {
        break;
      }
    }
    if (i == context->sni_count) {
      /*
       * New SNI request
       */
      coap_dtls_key_t *new_entry;

      coap_lock_callback_ret(new_entry,
                             setup_data->validate_sni_call_back(sni,
                                                                setup_data->sni_call_back_arg));
      if (!new_entry) {
        *al = SSL_AD_UNRECOGNIZED_NAME;
        return SSL_CLIENT_HELLO_ERROR;
      }


      context->sni_entry_list = OPENSSL_realloc(context->sni_entry_list,
                                                (context->sni_count+1)*sizeof(sni_entry));
      context->sni_entry_list[context->sni_count].sni = OPENSSL_strdup(sni);
      context->sni_entry_list[context->sni_count].pki_key = *new_entry;
      context->sni_count++;
    }
    if (sni_tmp) {
      OPENSSL_free(sni_tmp);
    }
    sni_setup_data = *setup_data;
    sni_setup_data.pki_key = context->sni_entry_list[i].pki_key;
    setup_pki_ssl(ssl, &sni_setup_data, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER);
  } else {
    setup_pki_ssl(ssl, setup_data, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER);
  }

  coap_log_debug("   %s: Using PKI ciphers\n",
                 coap_session_str(session));

  if (setup_data->verify_peer_cert) {
    SSL_set_verify(ssl,
                   SSL_VERIFY_PEER |
                   SSL_VERIFY_CLIENT_ONCE |
                   SSL_VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT,
                   tls_verify_call_back);
  } else {
    SSL_set_verify(ssl, SSL_VERIFY_NONE, tls_verify_call_back);
  }

  /* Check CA Chain */
  if (setup_data->cert_chain_validation)
    SSL_set_verify_depth(ssl, setup_data->cert_chain_verify_depth + 2);

  /* Certificate Revocation */
  if (setup_data->check_cert_revocation) {
    X509_VERIFY_PARAM *param;

    param = X509_VERIFY_PARAM_new();
    if (param) {
      X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_flags(param, X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK);
      SSL_set1_param(ssl, param);
      X509_VERIFY_PARAM_free(param);
    }
  }
  if (setup_data->additional_tls_setup_call_back) {
    /* Additional application setup wanted */
    if (!setup_data->additional_tls_setup_call_back(ssl, setup_data))
      return 0;
  }
  return SSL_CLIENT_HELLO_SUCCESS;
}

#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
#endif /* COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */

int
coap_dtls_context_set_pki(coap_context_t *ctx,
                          const coap_dtls_pki_t *setup_data,
                          const coap_dtls_role_t role) {
  coap_openssl_context_t *context =
      ((coap_openssl_context_t *)ctx->dtls_context);
  BIO *bio;
  if (!setup_data)
    return 0;
  context->setup_data = *setup_data;

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L
  if (context->setup_data.pki_key.key_type == COAP_PKI_KEY_DEFINE) {
    if (context->setup_data.pki_key.key.define.ca_def == COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_ENGINE ||
        context->setup_data.pki_key.key.define.public_cert_def == COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_ENGINE ||
        context->setup_data.pki_key.key.define.private_key_def == COAP_PKI_KEY_DEF_ENGINE) {
      if (!defined_engine) {
        coap_log_warn("setup_pki: OpenSSL Engine not configured, PKI not set up\n");
        return 0;
      }
    }
  }
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x40000000L */

  if (!context->setup_data.verify_peer_cert) {
    /* Needs to be clear so that no CA DNs are transmitted */
    context->setup_data.check_common_ca = 0;
    /* Allow all of these but warn if issue */
    context->setup_data.allow_self_signed = 1;
    context->setup_data.allow_expired_certs = 1;
    context->setup_data.cert_chain_validation = 1;
    context->setup_data.cert_chain_verify_depth = 10;
    context->setup_data.check_cert_revocation = 1;
    context->setup_data.allow_no_crl = 1;
    context->setup_data.allow_expired_crl = 1;
    context->setup_data.allow_bad_md_hash = 1;
    context->setup_data.allow_short_rsa_length = 1;
  }
#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
  if (role == COAP_DTLS_ROLE_SERVER) {
    if (context->dtls.ctx) {
      /* SERVER DTLS */
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L
      if (!setup_pki_server(context->dtls.ctx, setup_data))
        return 0;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L */
      /* libcoap is managing TLS connection based on setup_data options */
      /* Need to set up logic to differentiate between a PSK or PKI session */
      /*
       * For OpenSSL 1.1.1, we need to use SSL_CTX_set_client_hello_cb()
       * which is not in 1.1.0
       */
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L
      if (SSLeay() >= 0x10101000L) {
        coap_log_warn("OpenSSL compiled with %lux, linked with %lux, so "
                      "no certificate checking\n",
                      OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER, SSLeay());
      }
      SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_arg(context->dtls.ctx, &context->setup_data);
      SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_callback(context->dtls.ctx,
                                             tls_server_name_call_back);
#else /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
      SSL_CTX_set_client_hello_cb(context->dtls.ctx,
                                  tls_client_hello_call_back,
                                  NULL);
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
    }
#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
    if (context->tls.ctx) {
      /* SERVER TLS */
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L
      if (!setup_pki_server(context->tls.ctx, setup_data))
        return 0;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L */
      /* libcoap is managing TLS connection based on setup_data options */
      /* Need to set up logic to differentiate between a PSK or PKI session */
      /*
       * For OpenSSL 1.1.1, we need to use SSL_CTX_set_client_hello_cb()
       * which is not in 1.1.0
       */
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L
      if (SSLeay() >= 0x10101000L) {
        coap_log_warn("OpenSSL compiled with %lux, linked with %lux, so "
                      "no certificate checking\n",
                      OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER, SSLeay());
      }
      SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_arg(context->tls.ctx, &context->setup_data);
      SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_callback(context->tls.ctx,
                                             tls_server_name_call_back);
#else /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
      SSL_CTX_set_client_hello_cb(context->tls.ctx,
                                  tls_client_hello_call_back,
                                  NULL);
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
      /* TLS Only */
      SSL_CTX_set_alpn_select_cb(context->tls.ctx, server_alpn_callback, NULL);
    }
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */
  }
#else /* ! COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */
  (void)role;
#endif /* ! COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */
#if COAP_CLIENT_SUPPORT
  if (role == COAP_DTLS_ROLE_CLIENT) {
    context->psk_pki_enabled &= ~IS_PSK;
  }
#endif /* COAP_CLIENT_SUPPORT */

  if (!context->dtls.ssl) {
    /* This is set up to handle new incoming sessions to a server */
    context->dtls.ssl = SSL_new(context->dtls.ctx);
    if (!context->dtls.ssl)
      return 0;
    bio = BIO_new(context->dtls.meth);
    if (!bio) {
      SSL_free(context->dtls.ssl);
      context->dtls.ssl = NULL;
      return 0;
    }
    SSL_set_bio(context->dtls.ssl, bio, bio);
    SSL_set_app_data(context->dtls.ssl, NULL);
    SSL_set_options(context->dtls.ssl, SSL_OP_COOKIE_EXCHANGE);
    SSL_set_mtu(context->dtls.ssl, COAP_DEFAULT_MTU);
  }
  context->psk_pki_enabled |= IS_PKI;
  if (setup_data->use_cid) {
    coap_log_warn("OpenSSL has no Connection-ID support\n");
  }
  return 1;
}

int
coap_dtls_context_set_pki_root_cas(coap_context_t *ctx,
                                   const char *ca_file,
                                   const char *ca_dir
                                  ) {
  coap_openssl_context_t *context =
      ((coap_openssl_context_t *)ctx->dtls_context);
  if (context->dtls.ctx) {
    if (!SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(context->dtls.ctx, ca_file, ca_dir)) {
      coap_log_warn("Unable to install root CAs (%s : %s)\n",
                    ca_file ? ca_file : "NULL", ca_dir ? ca_dir : "NULL");
      return 0;
    }
  }
#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
  if (context->tls.ctx) {
    if (!SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(context->tls.ctx, ca_file, ca_dir)) {
      coap_log_warn("Unable to install root CAs (%s : %s)\n",
                    ca_file ? ca_file : "NULL", ca_dir ? ca_dir : "NULL");
      return 0;
    }
  }
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */
  return 1;
}

int
coap_dtls_context_load_pki_trust_store(coap_context_t *ctx) {
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30000000L
  coap_openssl_context_t *context =
      ((coap_openssl_context_t *)ctx->dtls_context);
  if (context->dtls.ctx) {
    if (!SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths(context->dtls.ctx)) {
      coap_log_warn("Unable to load trusted root CAs\n");
      return 0;
    }
  }
#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
  if (context->tls.ctx) {
    if (!SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths(context->tls.ctx)) {
      coap_log_warn("Unable to load trusted root CAs\n");
      return 0;
    }
  }
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */
  return 1;
#else /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x30000000L */
  (void)ctx;
  coap_log_warn("coap_context_set_pki_trust_store: (D)TLS environment "
                "not supported for OpenSSL < v3.0.0\n");
  return 0;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x30000000L */
}

int
coap_dtls_context_check_keys_enabled(coap_context_t *ctx) {
  coap_openssl_context_t *context =
      ((coap_openssl_context_t *)ctx->dtls_context);
  return context->psk_pki_enabled ? 1 : 0;
}


void
coap_dtls_free_context(void *handle) {
  size_t i;
  coap_openssl_context_t *context = (coap_openssl_context_t *)handle;

  if (context->dtls.ssl)
    SSL_free(context->dtls.ssl);
  if (context->dtls.ctx)
    SSL_CTX_free(context->dtls.ctx);
  if (context->dtls.cookie_hmac)
    HMAC_CTX_free(context->dtls.cookie_hmac);
  if (context->dtls.meth)
    BIO_meth_free(context->dtls.meth);
  if (context->dtls.bio_addr)
    BIO_ADDR_free(context->dtls.bio_addr);
#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
  if (context->tls.ctx)
    SSL_CTX_free(context->tls.ctx);
  if (context->tls.meth)
    BIO_meth_free(context->tls.meth);
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */
  for (i = 0; i < context->sni_count; i++) {
    OPENSSL_free(context->sni_entry_list[i].sni);
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L
    SSL_CTX_free(context->sni_entry_list[i].ctx);
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L */
  }
  if (context->sni_count)
    OPENSSL_free(context->sni_entry_list);
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L
  for (i = 0; i < context->psk_sni_count; i++) {
    OPENSSL_free((char *)context->psk_sni_entry_list[i].sni);
    SSL_CTX_free(context->psk_sni_entry_list[i].ctx);
  }
  if (context->psk_sni_count)
    OPENSSL_free(context->psk_sni_entry_list);
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10101000L */
  coap_free_type(COAP_STRING, context);
}

#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
void *
coap_dtls_new_server_session(coap_session_t *session) {
  BIO *nbio = NULL;
  SSL *nssl = NULL, *ssl = NULL;
  coap_ssl_data *data;
  coap_dtls_context_t *dtls = &((coap_openssl_context_t *)session->context->dtls_context)->dtls;
  int r;
  const coap_bin_const_t *psk_hint;
  BIO *rbio;

  nssl = SSL_new(dtls->ctx);
  if (!nssl)
    goto error;
  nbio = BIO_new(dtls->meth);
  if (!nbio)
    goto error;
  SSL_set_bio(nssl, nbio, nbio);
  SSL_set_app_data(nssl, NULL);
  SSL_set_options(nssl, SSL_OP_COOKIE_EXCHANGE);
  SSL_set_mtu(nssl, (long)session->mtu);
  ssl = dtls->ssl;
  dtls->ssl = nssl;
  nssl = NULL;
  SSL_set_app_data(ssl, session);

  rbio = SSL_get_rbio(ssl);
  data = rbio ? (coap_ssl_data *)BIO_get_data(rbio) : NULL;
  if (!data)
    goto error;
  data->session = session;

  /* hint may get updated if/when handling SNI callback */
  psk_hint = coap_get_session_server_psk_hint(session);
  if (psk_hint != NULL && psk_hint->length) {
    char *hint = OPENSSL_malloc(psk_hint->length + 1);

    if (hint) {
      memcpy(hint, psk_hint->s, psk_hint->length);
      hint[psk_hint->length] = '\000';
      SSL_use_psk_identity_hint(ssl, hint);
      OPENSSL_free(hint);
    } else {
      coap_log_warn("hint malloc failure\n");
    }
  }

  r = SSL_accept(ssl);
  if (r == -1) {
    int err = SSL_get_error(ssl, r);
    if (err != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ && err != SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE)
      r = 0;
  }

  if (r == 0) {
    SSL_free(ssl);
    return NULL;
  }

  return ssl;

error:
  if (nssl)
    SSL_free(nssl);
  return NULL;
}
#endif /* COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */

#if COAP_CLIENT_SUPPORT
static int
setup_client_ssl_session(coap_session_t *session, SSL *ssl
                        ) {
  coap_openssl_context_t *context =
      ((coap_openssl_context_t *)session->context->dtls_context);

  if (context->psk_pki_enabled & IS_PSK) {
    coap_dtls_cpsk_t *setup_data = &session->cpsk_setup_data;

    /* Issue SNI if requested */
    if (setup_data->client_sni &&
        SSL_set_tlsext_host_name(ssl, setup_data->client_sni) != 1) {
      coap_log_warn("SSL_set_tlsext_host_name: set '%s' failed",
                    setup_data->client_sni);
    }
    SSL_set_psk_client_callback(ssl, coap_dtls_psk_client_callback);
#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
    SSL_set_psk_server_callback(ssl, coap_dtls_psk_server_callback);
#endif /* COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */
    SSL_set_cipher_list(ssl, COAP_OPENSSL_PSK_CIPHERS);
#ifdef COAP_OPENSSL_PSK_SECURITY_LEVEL
    /*
     * Set to 0 if, for example, PSK-AES128-CCM8 is to be supported (64 bits).
     * Potentially opens up security vulnerabilities.
     * Default value is 1.
    */
    SSL_set_security_level(ssl, COAP_OPENSSL_PSK_SECURITY_LEVEL);
#endif /* COAP_OPENSSL_PSK_SECURITY_LEVEL */
    if (setup_data->validate_ih_call_back) {
      if (session->proto == COAP_PROTO_DTLS) {
        SSL_set_max_proto_version(ssl, DTLS1_2_VERSION);
      }
#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
      else {
        SSL_set_max_proto_version(ssl, TLS1_2_VERSION);
      }
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */
      coap_log_debug("CoAP Client restricted to (D)TLS1.2 with Identity Hint callback\n");
    }
  }
  if ((context->psk_pki_enabled & IS_PKI) ||
      (context->psk_pki_enabled & (IS_PSK | IS_PKI)) == 0) {
    /*
     * If neither PSK or PKI have been set up, use PKI basics.
     * This works providing COAP_PKI_KEY_PEM has a value of 0.
     */
    coap_dtls_pki_t *setup_data = &context->setup_data;

    if (!(context->psk_pki_enabled & IS_PKI)) {
      /* PKI not defined - set up some defaults */
      setup_data->verify_peer_cert        = 1;
      setup_data->check_common_ca         = 0;
      setup_data->allow_self_signed       = 1;
      setup_data->allow_expired_certs     = 1;
      setup_data->cert_chain_validation   = 1;
      setup_data->cert_chain_verify_depth = 2;
      setup_data->check_cert_revocation   = 1;
      setup_data->allow_no_crl            = 1;
      setup_data->allow_expired_crl       = 1;
      setup_data->is_rpk_not_cert         = 0;
      setup_data->use_cid                 = 0;
    }
    if (!setup_pki_ssl(ssl, setup_data, COAP_DTLS_ROLE_CLIENT))
      return 0;
    /* libcoap is managing (D)TLS connection based on setup_data options */
#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
    if (session->proto == COAP_PROTO_TLS)
      SSL_set_alpn_protos(ssl, coap_alpn, sizeof(coap_alpn));
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */

    /* Issue SNI if requested */
    if (setup_data->client_sni &&
        SSL_set_tlsext_host_name(ssl, setup_data->client_sni) != 1) {
      coap_log_warn("SSL_set_tlsext_host_name: set '%s' failed",
                    setup_data->client_sni);
    }
    /* Certificate Revocation */
    if (setup_data->check_cert_revocation) {
      X509_VERIFY_PARAM *param;

      param = X509_VERIFY_PARAM_new();
      if (param) {
        X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_flags(param, X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK);
        SSL_set1_param(ssl, param);
        X509_VERIFY_PARAM_free(param);
      }
    }

    /* Verify Peer */
    if (setup_data->verify_peer_cert)
      SSL_set_verify(ssl,
                     SSL_VERIFY_PEER |
                     SSL_VERIFY_CLIENT_ONCE |
                     SSL_VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT,
                     tls_verify_call_back);
    else
      SSL_set_verify(ssl, SSL_VERIFY_NONE, tls_verify_call_back);

    /* Check CA Chain */
    if (setup_data->cert_chain_validation)
      SSL_set_verify_depth(ssl, setup_data->cert_chain_verify_depth + 1);

  }
#if COAP_DTLS_RETRANSMIT_MS != 1000
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L
  if (session->proto == COAP_PROTO_DTLS) {
    DTLS_set_timer_cb(ssl, timer_cb);
  }
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
#endif /* COAP_DTLS_RETRANSMIT_MS != 1000 */
  return 1;
}

void *
coap_dtls_new_client_session(coap_session_t *session) {
  BIO *bio = NULL;
  SSL *ssl = NULL;
  coap_ssl_data *data;
  int r;
  coap_openssl_context_t *context = ((coap_openssl_context_t *)session->context->dtls_context);
  coap_dtls_context_t *dtls = &context->dtls;

  ssl = SSL_new(dtls->ctx);
  if (!ssl)
    goto error;
  bio = BIO_new(dtls->meth);
  if (!bio)
    goto error;
  data = (coap_ssl_data *)BIO_get_data(bio);
  if (!data)
    goto error;
  data->session = session;
  SSL_set_bio(ssl, bio, bio);
  SSL_set_app_data(ssl, session);
  SSL_set_options(ssl, SSL_OP_COOKIE_EXCHANGE);
  SSL_set_mtu(ssl, (long)session->mtu);

  if (!setup_client_ssl_session(session, ssl))
    goto error;

  session->dtls_timeout_count = 0;

  r = SSL_connect(ssl);
  if (r == -1) {
    int ret = SSL_get_error(ssl, r);
    if (ret != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ && ret != SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE)
      r = 0;
  }

  if (r == 0)
    goto error;

  session->tls = ssl;
  return ssl;

error:
  if (ssl)
    SSL_free(ssl);
  return NULL;
}

void
coap_dtls_session_update_mtu(coap_session_t *session) {
  SSL *ssl = (SSL *)session->tls;
  if (ssl)
    SSL_set_mtu(ssl, (long)session->mtu);
}
#endif /* COAP_CLIENT_SUPPORT */

void
coap_dtls_free_session(coap_session_t *session) {
  SSL *ssl = (SSL *)session->tls;
  if (ssl) {
    if (!SSL_in_init(ssl) && !(SSL_get_shutdown(ssl) & SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN)) {
      int r = SSL_shutdown(ssl);
      if (r == 0)
        SSL_shutdown(ssl);
    }
    SSL_free(ssl);
    session->tls = NULL;
    if (session->context)
      coap_handle_event_lkd(session->context, COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CLOSED, session);
  }
}

ssize_t
coap_dtls_send(coap_session_t *session,
               const uint8_t *data, size_t data_len) {
  int r;
  SSL *ssl = (SSL *)session->tls;

  if (ssl == NULL) {
    session->dtls_event = COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CLOSED;
    return -1;
  }

  session->dtls_event = -1;
  coap_log_debug("*  %s: dtls:  sent %4d bytes\n",
                 coap_session_str(session), (int)data_len);
  ERR_clear_error();
  r = SSL_write(ssl, data, (int)data_len);

  if (r <= 0) {
    int err = SSL_get_error(ssl, r);
    if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ || err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
      r = 0;
    } else {
      if (err == SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN)
        session->dtls_event = COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CLOSED;
      else if (err == SSL_ERROR_SSL) {
        unsigned long e = ERR_get_error();

        coap_log_info("***%s: coap_dtls_send: cannot send PDU: %d: %s\n",
                      coap_session_str(session),
                      ERR_GET_REASON(e), ERR_reason_error_string(e));
        session->dtls_event = COAP_EVENT_DTLS_ERROR;
      } else {
        coap_log_info("***%s: coap_dtls_send: cannot send PDU: %d\n",
                      coap_session_str(session), err);
      }
      r = -1;
    }
  }

  if (session->dtls_event >= 0) {
    coap_handle_event_lkd(session->context, session->dtls_event, session);
    if (session->dtls_event == COAP_EVENT_DTLS_ERROR ||
        session->dtls_event == COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CLOSED) {
      r = -1;
    }
  }

  return r;
}

int
coap_dtls_is_context_timeout(void) {
  return 0;
}

coap_tick_t
coap_dtls_get_context_timeout(void *dtls_context) {
  (void)dtls_context;
  return 0;
}

coap_tick_t
coap_dtls_get_timeout(coap_session_t *session, coap_tick_t now COAP_UNUSED) {
  SSL *ssl = (SSL *)session->tls;
  coap_ssl_data *ssl_data;
  BIO *rbio;

  assert(ssl != NULL && session->state == COAP_SESSION_STATE_HANDSHAKE);
  rbio = ssl ? SSL_get_rbio(ssl) : NULL;
  ssl_data = rbio ? (coap_ssl_data *)BIO_get_data(rbio) : NULL;
  return ssl_data ? ssl_data->timeout : 1000;
}

/*
 * return 1 timed out
 *        0 still timing out
 */
int
coap_dtls_handle_timeout(coap_session_t *session) {
  SSL *ssl = (SSL *)session->tls;

  if (ssl != NULL && session->state == COAP_SESSION_STATE_HANDSHAKE) {
    if ((++session->dtls_timeout_count > session->max_retransmit) ||
        (DTLSv1_handle_timeout(ssl) < 0)) {
      /* Too many retries */
      coap_session_disconnected_lkd(session, COAP_NACK_TLS_FAILED);
      return 1;
    }
    return 0;
  }
  return 1;
}

#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
int
coap_dtls_hello(coap_session_t *session,
                const uint8_t *data, size_t data_len) {
  coap_dtls_context_t *dtls = &((coap_openssl_context_t *)session->context->dtls_context)->dtls;
  coap_ssl_data *ssl_data;
  int r;
  BIO *rbio;

  SSL_set_mtu(dtls->ssl, (long)session->mtu);
  rbio = dtls->ssl ? SSL_get_rbio(dtls->ssl) : NULL;
  ssl_data = rbio ? (coap_ssl_data *)BIO_get_data(rbio) : NULL;
  assert(ssl_data != NULL);
  if (!ssl_data) {
    errno = ENOMEM;
    return -1;
  }
  if (ssl_data->pdu_len) {
    coap_log_err("** %s: Previous data not read %u bytes\n",
                 coap_session_str(session), ssl_data->pdu_len);
  }
  ssl_data->session = session;
  ssl_data->pdu = data;
  ssl_data->pdu_len = (unsigned)data_len;
  r = DTLSv1_listen(dtls->ssl, dtls->bio_addr);
  if (r <= 0) {
    int err = SSL_get_error(dtls->ssl, r);
    if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ || err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
      /* Got a ClientHello, sent-out a VerifyRequest */
      r = 0;
    }
  } else {
    /* Got a valid answer to a VerifyRequest */
    r = 1;
  }

  /*
   * Cannot check if data is left on the stack in error as DTLSv1_listen()
   * only does a 'peek' read of the incoming data.
   *
   */
  return r;
}
#endif /* COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */

static void
coap_dtls_receive_done(coap_ssl_data *ssl_data, int r) {
  if (ssl_data->pdu_len) {
    /* pdu data is held on stack which will not stay there */
    coap_log_debug("coap_dtls_receive: ret %d: remaining data %u\n", r, ssl_data->pdu_len);
    ssl_data->pdu_len = 0;
    ssl_data->pdu = NULL;
  }
}

int
coap_dtls_receive(coap_session_t *session, const uint8_t *data, size_t data_len) {
  coap_ssl_data *ssl_data;
  SSL *ssl = (SSL *)session->tls;
  int r;
  BIO *rbio;
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30000000L
  int retry = 0;
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30000000L */

  assert(ssl != NULL);

  int in_init = SSL_in_init(ssl);
  uint8_t pdu[COAP_RXBUFFER_SIZE];
  rbio = ssl ? SSL_get_rbio(ssl) : NULL;
  ssl_data = rbio ? (coap_ssl_data *)BIO_get_data(rbio) : NULL;
  if (!ssl_data) {
    errno = ENOTCONN;
    return -1;
  }

  if (ssl_data->pdu_len) {
    coap_log_err("** %s: Previous data not read %u bytes\n",
                 coap_session_str(session), ssl_data->pdu_len);
  }
  ssl_data->pdu = data;
  ssl_data->pdu_len = (unsigned)data_len;

  session->dtls_event = -1;
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30000000L
retry:
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30000000L */
  ERR_clear_error();
  r = SSL_read(ssl, pdu, (int)sizeof(pdu));
  if (r > 0) {
    coap_log_debug("*  %s: dtls:  recv %4d bytes\n",
                   coap_session_str(session), r);
    coap_dtls_receive_done(ssl_data, r);
    /* May close session->tls, so ssl_data is no longer used */
    return coap_handle_dgram(session->context, session, pdu, (size_t)r);
  } else {
    int err = SSL_get_error(ssl, r);
    if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ || err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
      if (in_init && SSL_is_init_finished(ssl)) {
        /* Event and establish may close session->tls */
        coap_dtls_receive_done(ssl_data, 0);
        ssl_data = NULL;
        coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_INFO, "*  %s: Using cipher: %s\n",
                      coap_session_str(session), SSL_get_cipher_name(ssl));
        coap_handle_event_lkd(session->context, COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CONNECTED, session);
        session->sock.lfunc[COAP_LAYER_TLS].l_establish(session);
      }
      r = 0;
    } else {
      if (err == SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN)        /* Got a close notify alert from the remote side */
        session->dtls_event = COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CLOSED;
      else if (err == SSL_ERROR_SSL) {
        unsigned long e = ERR_get_error();

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30000000L
#include <openssl/proverr.h>
        if (ERR_GET_REASON(e) == PROV_R_SEARCH_ONLY_SUPPORTED_FOR_DIRECTORIES && !retry) {
          /* Loading trust store - first access causes a directory read error */
          retry = 1;
          goto retry;
        }
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30000000L */
        coap_log_info("***%s: coap_dtls_receive: cannot recv PDU: %d: %s\n",
                      coap_session_str(session),
                      ERR_GET_REASON(e), ERR_reason_error_string(e));
        session->dtls_event = COAP_EVENT_DTLS_ERROR;
      } else {
        coap_log_info("***%s: coap_dtls_receive: cannot send PDU %d\n",
                      coap_session_str(session), err);
      }
      r = -1;
    }
    if (session->dtls_event >= 0) {
      coap_handle_event_lkd(session->context, session->dtls_event, session);
      if (session->dtls_event == COAP_EVENT_DTLS_ERROR ||
          session->dtls_event == COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CLOSED) {
        /* Cause disconnect on a read */
        coap_session_disconnected_lkd(session, COAP_NACK_TLS_FAILED);
        ssl_data = NULL;
        r = -1;
      }
    }
  }

  if (ssl_data)
    coap_dtls_receive_done(ssl_data, r);
  return r;
}

unsigned int
coap_dtls_get_overhead(coap_session_t *session) {
  unsigned int overhead = 37;
  const SSL_CIPHER *s_ciph = NULL;
  if (session->tls != NULL)
    s_ciph = SSL_get_current_cipher(session->tls);
  if (s_ciph) {
    unsigned int ivlen, maclen, blocksize = 1, pad = 0;

    const EVP_CIPHER *e_ciph;
    const EVP_MD *e_md;
    char cipher[128];

    e_ciph = EVP_get_cipherbynid(SSL_CIPHER_get_cipher_nid(s_ciph));

    switch (EVP_CIPHER_mode(e_ciph)) {
    case EVP_CIPH_GCM_MODE:
      ivlen = EVP_GCM_TLS_EXPLICIT_IV_LEN;
      maclen = EVP_GCM_TLS_TAG_LEN;
      break;

    case EVP_CIPH_CCM_MODE:
      ivlen = EVP_CCM_TLS_EXPLICIT_IV_LEN;
      SSL_CIPHER_description(s_ciph, cipher, sizeof(cipher));
      if (strstr(cipher, "CCM8"))
        maclen = 8;
      else
        maclen = 16;
      break;

    case EVP_CIPH_CBC_MODE:
      e_md = EVP_get_digestbynid(SSL_CIPHER_get_digest_nid(s_ciph));
      blocksize = EVP_CIPHER_block_size(e_ciph);
      ivlen = EVP_CIPHER_iv_length(e_ciph);
      pad = 1;
      maclen = EVP_MD_size(e_md);
      break;

    case EVP_CIPH_STREAM_CIPHER:
      /* Seen with PSK-CHACHA20-POLY1305 */
      ivlen = 8;
      maclen = 8;
      break;

    default:
      SSL_CIPHER_description(s_ciph, cipher, sizeof(cipher));
      coap_log_warn("Unknown overhead for DTLS with cipher %s\n",
                    cipher);
      ivlen = 8;
      maclen = 16;
      break;
    }
    overhead = DTLS1_RT_HEADER_LENGTH + ivlen + maclen + blocksize - 1 + pad;
  }
  return overhead;
}

#if !COAP_DISABLE_TCP
#if COAP_CLIENT_SUPPORT
void *
coap_tls_new_client_session(coap_session_t *session) {
  BIO *bio = NULL;
  SSL *ssl = NULL;
  int r;
  coap_openssl_context_t *context = ((coap_openssl_context_t *)session->context->dtls_context);
  coap_tls_context_t *tls = &context->tls;

  ssl = SSL_new(tls->ctx);
  if (!ssl)
    goto error;
  bio = BIO_new(tls->meth);
  if (!bio)
    goto error;
  BIO_set_data(bio, session);
  SSL_set_bio(ssl, bio, bio);
  SSL_set_app_data(ssl, session);

  if (!setup_client_ssl_session(session, ssl))
    return 0;

  r = SSL_connect(ssl);
  if (r == -1) {
    int ret = SSL_get_error(ssl, r);
    if (ret != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ && ret != SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE)
      r = 0;
    if (ret == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ)
      session->sock.flags |= COAP_SOCKET_WANT_READ;
    if (ret == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
      session->sock.flags |= COAP_SOCKET_WANT_WRITE;
#ifdef COAP_EPOLL_SUPPORT
      coap_epoll_ctl_mod(&session->sock,
                         EPOLLOUT |
                         ((session->sock.flags & COAP_SOCKET_WANT_READ) ?
                          EPOLLIN : 0),
                         __func__);
#endif /* COAP_EPOLL_SUPPORT */
    }
  }

  if (r == 0)
    goto error;

  session->tls = ssl;
  if (SSL_is_init_finished(ssl)) {
    coap_handle_event_lkd(session->context, COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CONNECTED, session);
    session->sock.lfunc[COAP_LAYER_TLS].l_establish(session);
  }

  return ssl;

error:
  if (ssl)
    SSL_free(ssl);
  return NULL;
}
#endif /* COAP_CLIENT_SUPPORT */

#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
void *
coap_tls_new_server_session(coap_session_t *session) {
  BIO *bio = NULL;
  SSL *ssl = NULL;
  coap_tls_context_t *tls = &((coap_openssl_context_t *)session->context->dtls_context)->tls;
  int r;
  const coap_bin_const_t *psk_hint;

  ssl = SSL_new(tls->ctx);
  if (!ssl)
    goto error;
  bio = BIO_new(tls->meth);
  if (!bio)
    goto error;
  BIO_set_data(bio, session);
  SSL_set_bio(ssl, bio, bio);
  SSL_set_app_data(ssl, session);

  psk_hint = coap_get_session_server_psk_hint(session);
  if (psk_hint != NULL && psk_hint->length) {
    char *hint = OPENSSL_malloc(psk_hint->length + 1);

    if (hint) {
      memcpy(hint, psk_hint->s, psk_hint->length);
      hint[psk_hint->length] = '\000';
      SSL_use_psk_identity_hint(ssl, hint);
      OPENSSL_free(hint);
    } else {
      coap_log_warn("hint malloc failure\n");
    }
  }

  r = SSL_accept(ssl);
  if (r == -1) {
    int err = SSL_get_error(ssl, r);
    if (err != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ && err != SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE)
      r = 0;
    if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ)
      session->sock.flags |= COAP_SOCKET_WANT_READ;
    if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
      session->sock.flags |= COAP_SOCKET_WANT_WRITE;
#ifdef COAP_EPOLL_SUPPORT
      coap_epoll_ctl_mod(&session->sock,
                         EPOLLOUT |
                         ((session->sock.flags & COAP_SOCKET_WANT_READ) ?
                          EPOLLIN : 0),
                         __func__);
#endif /* COAP_EPOLL_SUPPORT */
    }
  }

  if (r == 0)
    goto error;

  session->tls = ssl;
  if (SSL_is_init_finished(ssl)) {
    coap_handle_event_lkd(session->context, COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CONNECTED, session);
    session->sock.lfunc[COAP_LAYER_TLS].l_establish(session);
  }

#if COAP_DTLS_RETRANSMIT_MS != 1000
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L
  if (session->proto == COAP_PROTO_DTLS) {
    DTLS_set_timer_cb(ssl, timer_cb);
  }
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000L */
#endif /* COAP_DTLS_RETRANSMIT_MS != 1000 */

  return ssl;

error:
  if (ssl)
    SSL_free(ssl);
  return NULL;
}
#endif /* COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */

void
coap_tls_free_session(coap_session_t *session) {
  SSL *ssl = (SSL *)session->tls;
  if (ssl) {
    if (!SSL_in_init(ssl) && !(SSL_get_shutdown(ssl) & SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN)) {
      int r = SSL_shutdown(ssl);
      if (r == 0)
        SSL_shutdown(ssl);
    }
    SSL_free(ssl);
    session->tls = NULL;
    if (session->context)
      coap_handle_event_lkd(session->context, COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CLOSED, session);
  }
}

/*
 * strm
 * return +ve Number of bytes written.
 *         -1 Error (error in errno).
 */
ssize_t
coap_tls_write(coap_session_t *session, const uint8_t *data, size_t data_len) {
  SSL *ssl = (SSL *)session->tls;
  int r, in_init;

  if (ssl == NULL)
    return -1;

  in_init = !SSL_is_init_finished(ssl);
  session->dtls_event = -1;
  ERR_clear_error();
  r = SSL_write(ssl, data, (int)data_len);

  if (r <= 0) {
    int err = SSL_get_error(ssl, r);
    if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ || err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
      if (in_init && SSL_is_init_finished(ssl)) {
        coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_INFO, "*  %s: Using cipher: %s\n",
                      coap_session_str(session), SSL_get_cipher_name(ssl));
        coap_handle_event_lkd(session->context, COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CONNECTED, session);
        session->sock.lfunc[COAP_LAYER_TLS].l_establish(session);
      }
      if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ)
        session->sock.flags |= COAP_SOCKET_WANT_READ;
      else if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
        session->sock.flags |= COAP_SOCKET_WANT_WRITE;
#ifdef COAP_EPOLL_SUPPORT
        coap_epoll_ctl_mod(&session->sock,
                           EPOLLOUT |
                           ((session->sock.flags & COAP_SOCKET_WANT_READ) ?
                            EPOLLIN : 0),
                           __func__);
#endif /* COAP_EPOLL_SUPPORT */
      }
      r = 0;
    } else {
      if (err == SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN)
        session->dtls_event = COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CLOSED;
      else if (err == SSL_ERROR_SSL) {
        unsigned long e = ERR_get_error();

        coap_log_info("***%s: coap_tls_write: cannot send PDU: %d: %s\n",
                      coap_session_str(session),
                      ERR_GET_REASON(e), ERR_reason_error_string(e));
        session->dtls_event = COAP_EVENT_DTLS_ERROR;
      } else {
        coap_log_info("***%s: coap_tls_send: cannot send PDU: %d\n",
                      coap_session_str(session), err);
      }
      r = -1;
    }
  } else if (in_init && SSL_is_init_finished(ssl)) {
    coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_INFO, "*  %s: Using cipher: %s\n",
                  coap_session_str(session), SSL_get_cipher_name(ssl));
    coap_handle_event_lkd(session->context, COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CONNECTED, session);
    session->sock.lfunc[COAP_LAYER_TLS].l_establish(session);
  }

  if (session->dtls_event >= 0) {
    coap_handle_event_lkd(session->context, session->dtls_event, session);
    if (session->dtls_event == COAP_EVENT_DTLS_ERROR ||
        session->dtls_event == COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CLOSED) {
      r = -1;
    }
  }

  if (r >= 0) {
    if (r == (ssize_t)data_len)
      coap_log_debug("*  %s: tls:   sent %4d bytes\n",
                     coap_session_str(session), r);
    else
      coap_log_debug("*  %s: tls:   sent %4d of %4" PRIdS " bytes\n",
                     coap_session_str(session), r, data_len);
  }
  return r;
}

/*
 * strm
 * return >=0 Number of bytes read.
 *         -1 Error (error in errno).
 */
ssize_t
coap_tls_read(coap_session_t *session, uint8_t *data, size_t data_len) {
  SSL *ssl = (SSL *)session->tls;
  int r, in_init;

  if (ssl == NULL) {
    errno = ENOTCONN;
    return -1;
  }

  in_init = !SSL_is_init_finished(ssl);
  session->dtls_event = -1;
  ERR_clear_error();
  r = SSL_read(ssl, data, (int)data_len);
  if (r <= 0) {
    int err = SSL_get_error(ssl, r);
    if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ || err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
      if (in_init && SSL_is_init_finished(ssl)) {
        coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_INFO, "*  %s: Using cipher: %s\n",
                      coap_session_str(session), SSL_get_cipher_name(ssl));
        coap_handle_event_lkd(session->context, COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CONNECTED, session);
        session->sock.lfunc[COAP_LAYER_TLS].l_establish(session);
      }
      if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ)
        session->sock.flags |= COAP_SOCKET_WANT_READ;
      if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
        session->sock.flags |= COAP_SOCKET_WANT_WRITE;
#ifdef COAP_EPOLL_SUPPORT
        coap_epoll_ctl_mod(&session->sock,
                           EPOLLOUT |
                           ((session->sock.flags & COAP_SOCKET_WANT_READ) ?
                            EPOLLIN : 0),
                           __func__);
#endif /* COAP_EPOLL_SUPPORT */
      }
      r = 0;
    } else {
      if (err == SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN)        /* Got a close notify alert from the remote side */
        session->dtls_event = COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CLOSED;
      else if (err == SSL_ERROR_SSL) {
        unsigned long e = ERR_get_error();

        coap_log_info("***%s: coap_tls_read: cannot recv PDU: %d: %s\n",
                      coap_session_str(session),
                      ERR_GET_REASON(e), ERR_reason_error_string(e));
        session->dtls_event = COAP_EVENT_DTLS_ERROR;
      } else {
        coap_log_info("***%s: coap_tls_read: cannot read PDU %d\n",
                      coap_session_str(session), err);
      }
      r = -1;
    }
  } else if (in_init && SSL_is_init_finished(ssl)) {
    coap_dtls_log(COAP_LOG_INFO, "*  %s: Using cipher: %s\n",
                  coap_session_str(session), SSL_get_cipher_name(ssl));
    coap_handle_event_lkd(session->context, COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CONNECTED, session);
    session->sock.lfunc[COAP_LAYER_TLS].l_establish(session);
  }

  if (session->dtls_event >= 0) {
    coap_handle_event_lkd(session->context, session->dtls_event, session);
    if (session->dtls_event == COAP_EVENT_DTLS_ERROR ||
        session->dtls_event == COAP_EVENT_DTLS_CLOSED) {
      /* Cause disconnect on a read */
      coap_session_disconnected_lkd(session, COAP_NACK_TLS_FAILED);
      r = -1;
    }
  }

  if (r > 0) {
    coap_log_debug("*  %s: tls:   recv %4d bytes\n",
                   coap_session_str(session), r);
  }
  return r;
}
#endif /* !COAP_DISABLE_TCP */

#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
coap_digest_ctx_t *
coap_digest_setup(void) {
  EVP_MD_CTX *digest_ctx = EVP_MD_CTX_new();

  if (digest_ctx) {
    EVP_DigestInit_ex(digest_ctx, EVP_sha256(), NULL);
  }
  return digest_ctx;
}

void
coap_digest_free(coap_digest_ctx_t *digest_ctx) {
  if (digest_ctx)
    EVP_MD_CTX_free(digest_ctx);
}

int
coap_digest_update(coap_digest_ctx_t *digest_ctx,
                   const uint8_t *data,
                   size_t data_len) {
  return EVP_DigestUpdate(digest_ctx, data, data_len);
}

int
coap_digest_final(coap_digest_ctx_t *digest_ctx,
                  coap_digest_t *digest_buffer) {
  unsigned int size = sizeof(coap_digest_t);
  int ret = EVP_DigestFinal_ex(digest_ctx, (uint8_t *)digest_buffer, &size);

  coap_digest_free(digest_ctx);
  return ret;
}
#endif /* COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */

#if COAP_WS_SUPPORT || COAP_OSCORE_SUPPORT
static void
coap_crypto_output_errors(const char *prefix) {
#if COAP_MAX_LOGGING_LEVEL < _COAP_LOG_WARN
  (void)prefix;
#else /* COAP_MAX_LOGGING_LEVEL >= _COAP_LOG_WARN */
  unsigned long e;

  while ((e = ERR_get_error()))
    coap_log_warn("%s: %s%s\n",
                  prefix,
                  ERR_reason_error_string(e),
                  ssl_function_definition(e));
#endif /* COAP_MAX_LOGGING_LEVEL >= _COAP_LOG_WARN */
}
#endif /* COAP_WS_SUPPORT || COAP_OSCORE_SUPPORT */

#if COAP_WS_SUPPORT
/*
 * The struct hash_algs and the function get_hash_alg() are used to
 * determine which hash type to use for creating the required hash object.
 */
static struct hash_algs {
  cose_alg_t alg;
  const EVP_MD *(*get_hash)(void);
  size_t length; /* in bytes */
} hashes[] = {
  {COSE_ALGORITHM_SHA_1, EVP_sha1, 20},
  {COSE_ALGORITHM_SHA_256_64, EVP_sha256, 8},
  {COSE_ALGORITHM_SHA_256_256, EVP_sha256, 32},
  {COSE_ALGORITHM_SHA_512, EVP_sha512, 64},
};

static const EVP_MD *
get_hash_alg(cose_alg_t alg, size_t *length) {
  size_t idx;

  for (idx = 0; idx < sizeof(hashes) / sizeof(struct hash_algs); idx++) {
    if (hashes[idx].alg == alg) {
      *length = hashes[idx].length;
      return hashes[idx].get_hash();
    }
  }
  coap_log_debug("get_hash_alg: COSE hash %d not supported\n", alg);
  return NULL;
}

int
coap_crypto_hash(cose_alg_t alg,
                 const coap_bin_const_t *data,
                 coap_bin_const_t **hash) {
  unsigned int length;
  const EVP_MD *evp_md;
  EVP_MD_CTX *evp_ctx = NULL;
  coap_binary_t *dummy = NULL;
  size_t hash_length;

  if ((evp_md = get_hash_alg(alg, &hash_length)) == NULL) {
    coap_log_debug("coap_crypto_hash: algorithm %d not supported\n", alg);
    return 0;
  }
  evp_ctx = EVP_MD_CTX_new();
  if (evp_ctx == NULL)
    goto error;
  if (EVP_DigestInit_ex(evp_ctx, evp_md, NULL) == 0)
    goto error;
  ;
  if (EVP_DigestUpdate(evp_ctx, data->s, data->length) == 0)
    goto error;
  ;
  dummy = coap_new_binary(EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE);
  if (dummy == NULL)
    goto error;
  if (EVP_DigestFinal_ex(evp_ctx, dummy->s, &length) == 0)
    goto error;
  dummy->length = length;
  if (hash_length < dummy->length)
    dummy->length = hash_length;
  *hash = (coap_bin_const_t *)(dummy);
  EVP_MD_CTX_free(evp_ctx);
  return 1;

error:
  coap_crypto_output_errors("coap_crypto_hash");
  coap_delete_binary(dummy);
  if (evp_ctx)
    EVP_MD_CTX_free(evp_ctx);
  return 0;
}
#endif /* COAP_WS_SUPPORT */

#if COAP_OSCORE_SUPPORT
int
coap_oscore_is_supported(void) {
  return 1;
}

#include <openssl/evp.h>
#include <openssl/hmac.h>

/*
 * The struct cipher_algs and the function get_cipher_alg() are used to
 * determine which cipher type to use for creating the required cipher
 * suite object.
 */
static struct cipher_algs {
  cose_alg_t alg;
  const EVP_CIPHER *(*get_cipher)(void);
} ciphers[] = {{COSE_ALGORITHM_AES_CCM_16_64_128, EVP_aes_128_ccm},
  {COSE_ALGORITHM_AES_CCM_16_64_256, EVP_aes_256_ccm}
};

static const EVP_CIPHER *
get_cipher_alg(cose_alg_t alg) {
  size_t idx;

  for (idx = 0; idx < sizeof(ciphers) / sizeof(struct cipher_algs); idx++) {
    if (ciphers[idx].alg == alg)
      return ciphers[idx].get_cipher();
  }
  coap_log_debug("get_cipher_alg: COSE cipher %d not supported\n", alg);
  return NULL;
}

/*
 * The struct hmac_algs and the function get_hmac_alg() are used to
 * determine which hmac type to use for creating the required hmac
 * suite object.
 */
static struct hmac_algs {
  cose_hmac_alg_t hmac_alg;
  const EVP_MD *(*get_hmac)(void);
} hmacs[] = {
  {COSE_HMAC_ALG_HMAC256_256, EVP_sha256},
  {COSE_HMAC_ALG_HMAC384_384, EVP_sha384},
  {COSE_HMAC_ALG_HMAC512_512, EVP_sha512},
};

static const EVP_MD *
get_hmac_alg(cose_hmac_alg_t hmac_alg) {
  size_t idx;

  for (idx = 0; idx < sizeof(hmacs) / sizeof(struct hmac_algs); idx++) {
    if (hmacs[idx].hmac_alg == hmac_alg)
      return hmacs[idx].get_hmac();
  }
  coap_log_debug("get_hmac_alg: COSE HMAC %d not supported\n", hmac_alg);
  return NULL;
}

int
coap_crypto_check_cipher_alg(cose_alg_t alg) {
  return get_cipher_alg(alg) != NULL;
}

int
coap_crypto_check_hkdf_alg(cose_hkdf_alg_t hkdf_alg) {
  cose_hmac_alg_t hmac_alg;

  if (!cose_get_hmac_alg_for_hkdf(hkdf_alg, &hmac_alg))
    return 0;
  return get_hmac_alg(hmac_alg) != NULL;
}

#define C(Func)                                                                \
  if (1 != (Func)) {                                                           \
    goto error;                                                                \
  }

int
coap_crypto_aead_encrypt(const coap_crypto_param_t *params,
                         coap_bin_const_t *data,
                         coap_bin_const_t *aad,
                         uint8_t *result,
                         size_t *max_result_len) {
  const EVP_CIPHER *cipher;
  const coap_crypto_aes_ccm_t *ccm;
  int tmp;
  int result_len = (int)(*max_result_len & INT_MAX);
  EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx;

  if (data == NULL)
    return 0;

  assert(params != NULL);
  if (!params || ((cipher = get_cipher_alg(params->alg)) == NULL)) {
    return 0;
  }

  /* TODO: set evp_md depending on params->alg */
  ccm = &params->params.aes;

  ctx = EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new();
  if (!ctx)
    return 0;

  /* EVP_CIPHER_CTX_init(ctx); */
  C(EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx, cipher, NULL, NULL, NULL));
  C(EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx, EVP_CTRL_CCM_SET_L, (int)ccm->l, NULL));
  C(EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx,
                        EVP_CTRL_AEAD_SET_IVLEN,
                        (int)(15 - ccm->l),
                        NULL));
  C(EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx, EVP_CTRL_AEAD_SET_TAG, (int)ccm->tag_len, NULL));
  C(EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx, NULL, NULL, ccm->key.s, ccm->nonce));
  /* C(EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_padding(ctx, 0)); */

  C(EVP_EncryptUpdate(ctx, NULL, &result_len, NULL, (int)data->length));
  if (aad && aad->s && (aad->length > 0)) {
    C(EVP_EncryptUpdate(ctx, NULL, &result_len, aad->s, (int)aad->length));
  }
  C(EVP_EncryptUpdate(ctx, result, &result_len, data->s, (int)data->length));
  /* C(EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(ctx, result + result_len, &tmp)); */
  tmp = result_len;
  C(EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(ctx, result + result_len, &tmp));
  result_len += tmp;

  /* retrieve the tag */
  C(EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx,
                        EVP_CTRL_CCM_GET_TAG,
                        (int)ccm->tag_len,
                        result + result_len));

  *max_result_len = result_len + ccm->tag_len;
  EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
  return 1;

error:
  coap_crypto_output_errors("coap_crypto_aead_encrypt");
  return 0;
}

int
coap_crypto_aead_decrypt(const coap_crypto_param_t *params,
                         coap_bin_const_t *data,
                         coap_bin_const_t *aad,
                         uint8_t *result,
                         size_t *max_result_len) {
  const EVP_CIPHER *cipher;
  const coap_crypto_aes_ccm_t *ccm;
  int tmp;
  int len;
  const uint8_t *tag;
  uint8_t *rwtag;
  EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx;

  if (data == NULL)
    return 0;

  assert(params != NULL);
  if (!params || ((cipher = get_cipher_alg(params->alg)) == NULL)) {
    return 0;
  }

  ccm = &params->params.aes;

  if (data->length < ccm->tag_len) {
    return 0;
  } else {
    tag = data->s + data->length - ccm->tag_len;
    data->length -= ccm->tag_len;
    /* Kludge to stop compiler warning */
    memcpy(&rwtag, &tag, sizeof(rwtag));
  }

  ctx = EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new();
  if (!ctx)
    return 0;

  C(EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx, cipher, NULL, NULL, NULL));
  C(EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx,
                        EVP_CTRL_AEAD_SET_IVLEN,
                        (int)(15 - ccm->l),
                        NULL));
  C(EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx, EVP_CTRL_AEAD_SET_TAG, (int)ccm->tag_len, rwtag));
  C(EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx, EVP_CTRL_CCM_SET_L, (int)ccm->l, NULL));
  /* C(EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_padding(ctx, 0)); */
  C(EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx, NULL, NULL, ccm->key.s, ccm->nonce));

  C(EVP_DecryptUpdate(ctx, NULL, &len, NULL, (int)data->length));
  if (aad && aad->s && (aad->length > 0)) {
    C(EVP_DecryptUpdate(ctx, NULL, &len, aad->s, (int)aad->length));
  }
  tmp = EVP_DecryptUpdate(ctx, result, &len, data->s, (int)data->length);
  EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
  if (tmp <= 0) {
    *max_result_len = 0;
    return 0;
  }
  *max_result_len = len;
  return 1;

error:
  coap_crypto_output_errors("coap_crypto_aead_decrypt");
  return 0;
}

int
coap_crypto_hmac(cose_hmac_alg_t hmac_alg,
                 coap_bin_const_t *key,
                 coap_bin_const_t *data,
                 coap_bin_const_t **hmac) {
  unsigned int result_len;
  const EVP_MD *evp_md;
  coap_binary_t *dummy = NULL;

  assert(key);
  assert(data);
  assert(hmac);

  if ((evp_md = get_hmac_alg(hmac_alg)) == 0) {
    coap_log_debug("coap_crypto_hmac: algorithm %d not supported\n", hmac_alg);
    return 0;
  }
  dummy = coap_new_binary(EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE);
  if (dummy == NULL)
    return 0;
  result_len = (unsigned int)dummy->length;
  if (HMAC(evp_md,
           key->s,
           (int)key->length,
           data->s,
           (int)data->length,
           dummy->s,
           &result_len)) {
    dummy->length = result_len;
    *hmac = (coap_bin_const_t *)dummy;
    return 1;
  }

  coap_delete_binary(dummy);
  coap_crypto_output_errors("coap_crypto_hmac");
  return 0;
}

#endif /* COAP_OSCORE_SUPPORT */

#else /* ! COAP_WITH_LIBOPENSSL */

#ifdef __clang__
/* Make compilers happy that do not like empty modules. As this function is
 * never used, we ignore -Wunused-function at the end of compiling this file
 */
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-function"
#endif
static inline void
dummy(void) {
}

#endif /* ! COAP_WITH_LIBOPENSSL */

Coverage Report

Created: 2026-11-12 06:14