/*

* Copyright(c) 2026 Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.

*

* This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and

* the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License

* was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can

* obtain it at https://www.aomedia.org/license/software-license. If the Alliance for Open

* Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the

* PATENTS file, you can obtain it at https://www.aomedia.org/license/patent-license.

*/

#include "pcs.h"

#include "sequence_control_set.h"

#include "inv_transforms.h"

#include "me_context.h"

#include "utility.h"

#include "rc_process.h"

#include "resize.h"

// These functions use formulaic calculations to make playing with the

// quantizer tables easier. If necessary they can be replaced by lookup

// tables if and when things settle down in the experimental Bitstream

int32_t svt_av1_convert_qindex_to_q_fp8(int32_t qindex, EbBitDepth bit_depth) {

    // Convert the index to a real Q value (scaled down to match old Q values)

    switch (bit_depth) {

    case EB_EIGHT_BIT:

        return svt_aom_ac_quant_qtx(qindex, 0, bit_depth) << 6; // / 4.0;

    case EB_TEN_BIT:

        return svt_aom_ac_quant_qtx(qindex, 0, bit_depth) << 4; // / 16.0;

    case EB_TWELVE_BIT:

        return svt_aom_ac_quant_qtx(qindex, 0, bit_depth) << 3; // / 64.0;

    default:

        assert(0 && "bit_depth should be EB_EIGHT_BIT, EB_TEN_BIT or EB_TWELVE_BIT");

        return -1;

    }

}

int32_t svt_av1_compute_qdelta_fp(int32_t qstart_fp8, int32_t qtarget_fp8, EbBitDepth bit_depth) {

    int32_t start_index  = MAXQ;

    int32_t target_index = MAXQ;

    int32_t i;

    // Convert the average q value to an index.

    for (i = MINQ; i < MAXQ; ++i) {

        start_index = i;

        if (svt_av1_convert_qindex_to_q_fp8(i, bit_depth) >= qstart_fp8) {

            break;

        }

    }

    // Convert the q target to an index

    for (i = MINQ; i < MAXQ; ++i) {

        target_index = i;

        if (svt_av1_convert_qindex_to_q_fp8(i, bit_depth) >= qtarget_fp8) {

            break;

        }

    }

    return target_index - start_index;

}

int variance_comp_int(const void* a, const void* b) {

    return (int)*(uint16_t*)a - *(uint16_t*)b;

}

#define VAR_BOOST_MAX_DELTAQ_RANGE 80

#define VAR_BOOST_MAX_QSTEP_RATIO_BOOST 8

#define SUPERBLOCK_SIZE 64

#define SUBBLOCK_SIZE 8

#define SUBBLOCKS_IN_SB_DIM (SUPERBLOCK_SIZE / SUBBLOCK_SIZE)

#define SUBBLOCKS_IN_SB (SUBBLOCKS_IN_SB_DIM * SUBBLOCKS_IN_SB_DIM)

#define SUBBLOCKS_IN_OCTILE (SUBBLOCKS_IN_SB / 8)

static int av1_get_deltaq_sb_variance_boost(uint8_t base_q_idx, uint16_t* variances, uint8_t strength,

                                            EbBitDepth bit_depth, uint8_t octile, uint8_t curve) {

    // boost q_index based on empirical visual testing, strength 2

    // variance     qstep_ratio boost (@ base_q_idx 255)

    // 256          1

    // 64           1.481

    // 16           2.192

    // 4            3.246

    // 1            4.806

    // copy sb 8x8 variance values to an array for ordering

    uint16_t ordered_variances[64];

    memcpy(&ordered_variances, variances + ME_TIER_ZERO_PU_8x8_0, sizeof(uint16_t) * 64);

    qsort(&ordered_variances, 64, sizeof(uint16_t), variance_comp_int);

    // Sample three 8x8 variance values: at the specified octile, previous octile,

    // and next octile. Make sure we use the last subblock in each octile as the

    // representative of the octile.

    assert(octile >= 1 && octile <= 8);

    int mid_idx = octile * SUBBLOCKS_IN_OCTILE - 1;

    int low_idx = AOMMAX(SUBBLOCKS_IN_OCTILE - 1, mid_idx - SUBBLOCKS_IN_OCTILE);

    int upp_idx = AOMMIN(SUBBLOCKS_IN_SB - 1, mid_idx + SUBBLOCKS_IN_OCTILE);

    // Weigh the three variances in a 1:2:1 ratio, with rounding (the +2 term).

    // This allows for smoother delta-q transitions among superblocks with

    // mixed-variance features.

    int variance = (ordered_variances[low_idx] + ordered_variances[mid_idx] * 2 + ordered_variances[upp_idx] + 2) / 4;

#if DEBUG_VAR_BOOST

    SVT_INFO("64x64 variance: %d\n", variances[ME_TIER_ZERO_PU_64x64]);

    SVT_INFO("8x8 min %d, 1st oct %d, median %d, max %d\n",

             ordered_variances[0],

             ordered_variances[7],

             ordered_variances[31],

             ordered_variances[63]);

    SVT_INFO("8x8 variances\n");

    uint16_t* variances_row = variances + ME_TIER_ZERO_PU_8x8_0;

    for (int row = 0; row < 8; row++) {

        SVT_INFO("%5d %5d %5d %5d %5d %5d %5d %5d\n",

                 variances_row[0],

                 variances_row[1],

                 variances_row[2],

                 variances_row[3],

                 variances_row[4],

                 variances_row[5],

                 variances_row[6],

                 variances_row[7]);

        variances_row += 8;

    }

#endif

    // variance = 0 areas are either completely flat patches or very fine gradients

    // SVT-AV1 doesn't have enough resolution to tell them apart, so let's assume they're not flat and boost them

    if (variance == 0) {

        variance = 1;

    }

    // compute a boost based on a fast-growing formula

    // high and medium variance sbs essentially get no boost, while increasingly lower variance sbs get stronger boosts

    assert(strength >= 1 && strength <= 4);

    double              qstep_ratio = 0;

    static const double strengths[] = {0, 0.65, 1.1, 1.6, 2.5};

    switch (curve) {

    case 1: /* 1: low-medium contrast boosting curve */

        qstep_ratio = 0.25 * strength * (-log2((double)variance) + 8) + 1;

        break;

    case 2: /* 2: still picture curve, tuned for SSIMULACRA2 performance on CID22 */

        qstep_ratio = 0.15 * strength * (-log2((double)variance) + 10) + 1;

        break;

    default: /* 0: default q step ratio curve */

        qstep_ratio = pow(1.018, strengths[strength] * (-10 * log2((double)variance) + 80));

        break;

    }

    qstep_ratio = CLIP3(1, VAR_BOOST_MAX_QSTEP_RATIO_BOOST, qstep_ratio);

    int32_t base_q   = svt_av1_convert_qindex_to_q_fp8(base_q_idx, bit_depth);

    int32_t target_q = (int32_t)(base_q / qstep_ratio);

    int32_t boost    = 0;

    switch (curve) {

    case 2: /* still picture boost, tuned for SSIMULACRA2 performance on CID22 */

        boost = (int32_t)((base_q_idx + 544) * -svt_av1_compute_qdelta_fp(base_q, target_q, bit_depth) / (255 + 1024));

        break;

    default: /* curve 0 & 1 boost (default) */

        boost = (int32_t)((base_q_idx + 40) * -svt_av1_compute_qdelta_fp(base_q, target_q, bit_depth) / (255 + 40));

        break;

    }

    boost = AOMMIN(VAR_BOOST_MAX_DELTAQ_RANGE, boost);

#if DEBUG_VAR_BOOST

    SVT_INFO("Variance: %d, Strength: %d, Q-step ratio: %f, Boost: %d, Base q: %d, Target q: %d\n",

             variance,

             strength,

             qstep_ratio,

             boost,

             base_q,

             target_q);

#endif

    return boost;

}

void svt_av1_variance_adjust_qp(PictureControlSet* pcs) {

    PictureParentControlSet* ppcs = pcs->ppcs;

    SequenceControlSet*      scs  = ppcs->scs;

    ppcs->frm_hdr.delta_q_params.delta_q_present = 1;

    // super res pictures scaled with different sb count, should use sb_total_count for each picture

    uint16_t sb_cnt = scs->sb_total_count;

    if (ppcs->frame_superres_enabled || ppcs->frame_resize_enabled) {

        sb_cnt = ppcs->b64_total_count;

    }

    uint8_t min_qindex = MAXQ;

    uint8_t max_qindex = MINQ;

#if DEBUG_VAR_BOOST_STATS

    SVT_DEBUG("TPL/CQP SB qindex, frame %llu, temp. level %i\n", pcs->picture_number, pcs->temporal_layer_index);

    for (uint32_t sb_addr = 0; sb_addr < sb_cnt; ++sb_addr) {

        SuperBlock* sb_ptr = pcs->sb_ptr_array[sb_addr];

        SVT_DEBUG("%4d ", sb_ptr->qindex);

        if (pcs->frame_width <= (sb_ptr->org_x + 64)) {

            SVT_DEBUG("\n");

        }

    }

    SVT_DEBUG("VAQ qindex boost, frame %llu, temp. level %i\n", pcs->picture_number, pcs->temporal_layer_index);

#endif

    for (uint32_t sb_addr = 0; sb_addr < sb_cnt; ++sb_addr) {

        SuperBlock* sb_ptr = pcs->sb_ptr_array[sb_addr];

        // adjust deltaq based on sb variance, with lower variance resulting in a lower qindex

        int boost = av1_get_deltaq_sb_variance_boost(ppcs->frm_hdr.quantization_params.base_q_idx,

                                                     ppcs->variance[sb_addr],

                                                     scs->static_config.variance_boost_strength,

                                                     scs->static_config.encoder_bit_depth,

                                                     scs->static_config.variance_octile,

                                                     scs->static_config.variance_boost_curve);

#if DEBUG_VAR_BOOST_STATS

        SVT_DEBUG("%4d ", boost);

        if (pcs->frame_width <= (sb_ptr->org_x + 64)) {

            SVT_DEBUG("\n");

        }

#endif

        // don't clamp qindex on valid deltaq range yet

        // we'll do it after adjusting frame qp to maximize deltaq frame range

        // q_index 0 is lossless, and is currently not supported in SVT-AV1

        sb_ptr->qindex = CLIP3(1, MAXQ, sb_ptr->qindex - boost);

        // record last seen min and max qindexes for frame qp readjusting

        min_qindex = AOMMIN(min_qindex, sb_ptr->qindex);

        max_qindex = AOMMAX(max_qindex, sb_ptr->qindex);

    }

    // normalize and clamp frame qindex value to maximize deltaq range

    int range                 = max_qindex - min_qindex;

    range                     = AOMMIN(range, VAR_BOOST_MAX_DELTAQ_RANGE);

    int normalized_base_q_idx = (int)min_qindex + (range >> 1);

#if DEBUG_VAR_BOOST_QP

    SVT_INFO("previous qidx %d, min_qidx %d, max_qidx %d, delta_q_res %d, normalized qidx %d, range %d\n",

             ppcs->frm_hdr.quantization_params.base_q_idx,

             min_qindex,

             max_qindex,

             ppcs->frm_hdr.delta_q_params.delta_q_res,

             normalized_base_q_idx,

             range);

#endif

#if DEBUG_VAR_BOOST_STATS

    SVT_DEBUG(

        "Total CQP/CRF + VAQ qindex, frame %llu, temp. level %i\n", pcs->picture_number, pcs->temporal_layer_index);

#endif

    // normalize sb qindex values

    for (uint32_t sb_addr = 0; sb_addr < sb_cnt; ++sb_addr) {

        SuperBlock* sb_ptr = pcs->sb_ptr_array[sb_addr];

        int offset = (int)sb_ptr->qindex - normalized_base_q_idx;

        offset     = AOMMIN(offset, VAR_BOOST_MAX_DELTAQ_RANGE >> 1);

        offset     = AOMMAX(offset, -VAR_BOOST_MAX_DELTAQ_RANGE >> 1);

        // q_index 0 is lossless, and is currently not supported in SVT-AV1

        uint8_t normalized_qindex = CLIP3(1, MAXQ, normalized_base_q_idx + offset);

#if DEBUG_VAR_BOOST_STATS

        SVT_DEBUG("%4d ", normalized_qindex);

        if (pcs->frame_width <= (sb_ptr->org_x + 64)) {

            SVT_DEBUG("\n");

        }

#endif

#if DEBUG_VAR_BOOST_QP

        SVT_INFO("  sb %d qindex: previous %d, normalized %d\n", sb_addr, sb_ptr->qindex, normalized_qindex);

#endif

        sb_ptr->qindex = normalized_qindex;

    }

}

#define BOOST_MAX 10

void svt_aom_cyclic_refresh_setup(PictureParentControlSet* ppcs) {

    CyclicRefresh* cr = &ppcs->cyclic_refresh;

    cr->me_distortion[0] = 0;

    cr->me_distortion[1] = 0;

    cr->me_distortion[2] = 0;

    cr->actual_num_seg1_sbs = 0;

    cr->actual_num_seg2_sbs = 0;

    uint64_t seg2_dist      = 0;

    uint64_t avg_me_dist    = ppcs->norm_me_dist;

    for (uint32_t b64_idx = 0; b64_idx < ppcs->b64_total_count; ++b64_idx) {

        if (b64_idx >= cr->sb_start && b64_idx < cr->sb_end) {

            if (ppcs->me_8x8_distortion[b64_idx] < avg_me_dist) {

                seg2_dist += ppcs->me_8x8_distortion[b64_idx];

                cr->me_distortion[2] += ppcs->me_64x64_distortion[b64_idx];

                cr->actual_num_seg2_sbs++;

            } else {

                cr->me_distortion[1] += ppcs->me_64x64_distortion[b64_idx];

                cr->actual_num_seg1_sbs++;

            }

        } else {

            cr->me_distortion[0] += ppcs->me_64x64_distortion[b64_idx];

        }

    }

    int actual_num_seg0_sbs = ppcs->b64_total_count - cr->actual_num_seg1_sbs - cr->actual_num_seg2_sbs;

    cr->me_distortion[0]    = actual_num_seg0_sbs ? cr->me_distortion[0] / actual_num_seg0_sbs : 0;

    cr->me_distortion[1]    = cr->actual_num_seg1_sbs ? cr->me_distortion[1] / cr->actual_num_seg1_sbs : 0;

    cr->me_distortion[2]    = cr->actual_num_seg2_sbs ? cr->me_distortion[2] / cr->actual_num_seg2_sbs : 0;

    int rate_boost_fac = cr->rate_boost_fac;

#if TUNE_SIMPLIFY_SETTINGS

    if (cr->actual_num_seg2_sbs) {

#else

    if (!ppcs->sc_class1 && cr->actual_num_seg2_sbs) {

#endif

        seg2_dist    = seg2_dist / cr->actual_num_seg2_sbs;

        uint64_t dev = (avg_me_dist - seg2_dist) * 100 / avg_me_dist;

        // Quadratic Scaling; boost = BOOST_MAX * (dev/100)^2

        rate_boost_fac += (int)(BOOST_MAX * dev * dev / (100 * 100));

    }

    cr->rate_ratio_qdelta_seg2 = 0.1 * rate_boost_fac * cr->rate_ratio_qdelta;

}

/******************************************************

 * cyclic_sb_qp_assignment

 * Assign the QP per SB based on the ME statistics

 * used in one pass encoding

 * only works for sb size  = 64

 ******************************************************/

static void cyclic_sb_qp_assignment(PictureControlSet* pcs) {

    PictureParentControlSet* ppcs = pcs->ppcs;

    CyclicRefresh*           cr   = &ppcs->cyclic_refresh;

    ppcs->frm_hdr.delta_q_params.delta_q_present = 1;

    int base_q_idx = ppcs->frm_hdr.quantization_params.base_q_idx;

    for (uint32_t b64_idx = 0; b64_idx < ppcs->b64_total_count; ++b64_idx) {

        SuperBlock* sb     = pcs->sb_ptr_array[b64_idx];

        int         offset = 0;

        if (b64_idx >= cr->sb_start && b64_idx < cr->sb_end) {

            if (ppcs->me_8x8_distortion[b64_idx] < ppcs->norm_me_dist) {

                offset = cr->qindex_delta[2];

            } else {

                offset = cr->qindex_delta[1];

            }

        }

        sb->qindex = CLIP3(1, MAXQ, base_q_idx + offset);

    }

}

/*

* Derives a qindex per 64x64 using ME distortions (to be used for lambda modulation only; not at Q/Q-1)

*/

void svt_av1_generate_b64_me_qindex_map(PictureControlSet* pcs) {

    static const int min_offset[MAX_TEMPORAL_LAYERS] = {-8, -8, -8, -8, -8, -8};

    static const int max_offset[MAX_TEMPORAL_LAYERS] = {8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8};

    PictureParentControlSet* ppcs = pcs->ppcs;

    int base_q_idx = ppcs->frm_hdr.quantization_params.base_q_idx;

    int tl_index   = ppcs->temporal_layer_index;

    if (pcs->slice_type != I_SLICE && (min_offset[tl_index] != 0 || max_offset[tl_index] != 0)) {

        int64_t avg_dist = 0;

        int64_t min_dist = INT64_MAX;

        int64_t max_dist = 0;

        for (uint32_t b64_idx = 0; b64_idx < ppcs->b64_total_count; ++b64_idx) {

            avg_dist += ppcs->me_8x8_cost_variance[b64_idx];

            min_dist = AOMMIN(ppcs->me_8x8_cost_variance[b64_idx], min_dist);

            max_dist = AOMMAX(ppcs->me_8x8_cost_variance[b64_idx], max_dist);

        }

        avg_dist /= ppcs->b64_total_count;

        int min_q_idx = AOMMAX(1, base_q_idx - 9 * 4 + 1);

        int max_q_idx = AOMMIN(MAXQ, base_q_idx + 9 * 4 - 1);

        for (uint32_t b64_idx = 0; b64_idx < ppcs->b64_total_count; ++b64_idx) {

            int diff_dist = (int)(ppcs->me_8x8_cost_variance[b64_idx] - avg_dist);

            int offset    = 0;

            if (diff_dist < 0) {

                offset = min_offset[tl_index] * diff_dist / (min_dist - avg_dist);

            } else if (diff_dist > 0) {

                offset = max_offset[tl_index] * diff_dist / (max_dist - avg_dist);

            }

            pcs->b64_me_qindex[b64_idx] = CLIP3(min_q_idx, max_q_idx, base_q_idx + offset);

        }

    } else {

        for (uint32_t b64_idx = 0; b64_idx < ppcs->b64_total_count; ++b64_idx) {

            pcs->b64_me_qindex[b64_idx] = base_q_idx;

        }

    }

}

static int svt_av1_get_deltaq_offset(EbBitDepth bit_depth, int qindex, double beta, bool is_intra) {

    assert(beta > 0.0);

    int q = svt_aom_dc_quant_qtx(qindex, 0, bit_depth);

    int newq;

    // use a less aggressive action when lowering the q for non I_slice

    if (!is_intra && beta > 1) {

        newq = (int)rint(q / sqrt(sqrt(beta)));

    } else {

        newq = (int)rint(q / sqrt(beta));

    }

    int orig_qindex = qindex;

    if (newq == q) {

        return 0;

    }

    if (newq < q) {

        while (qindex > MINQ) {

            qindex--;

            q = svt_aom_dc_quant_qtx(qindex, 0, bit_depth);

            if (newq >= q) {

                break;

            }

        }

    } else {

        while (qindex < MAXQ) {

            qindex++;

            q = svt_aom_dc_quant_qtx(qindex, 0, bit_depth);

            if (newq <= q) {

                break;

            }

        }

    }

    return qindex - orig_qindex;

}

static void sb_setup_lambda(PictureControlSet* pcs, SuperBlock* sb_ptr) {

    PictureParentControlSet* ppcs = pcs->ppcs;

    SequenceControlSet*      scs  = ppcs->scs;

    int mi_col = sb_ptr->org_x / 4;

    int mi_row = sb_ptr->org_y / 4;

    int mi_col_sr = coded_to_superres_mi(mi_col, ppcs->superres_denom);

    assert(ppcs->enhanced_unscaled_pic);

    // ALIGN_POWER_OF_TWO(pixels, 3) >> 2 ??

    int mi_cols_sr     = ((ppcs->enhanced_unscaled_pic->width + 15) / 16) << 2;

    int sb_mi_width_sr = coded_to_superres_mi(mi_size_wide[scs->seq_header.sb_size], ppcs->superres_denom);

    int bsize_base     = ppcs->tpl_ctrls.synth_blk_size == 32 ? BLOCK_32X32 : BLOCK_16X16;

    int num_mi_w       = mi_size_wide[bsize_base];

    int num_mi_h       = mi_size_high[bsize_base];

    int num_cols       = (mi_cols_sr + num_mi_w - 1) / num_mi_w;

    int num_rows       = (ppcs->av1_cm->mi_rows + num_mi_h - 1) / num_mi_h;

    int num_bcols      = (sb_mi_width_sr + num_mi_w - 1) / num_mi_w;

    int num_brows      = (mi_size_high[scs->seq_header.sb_size] + num_mi_h - 1) / num_mi_h;

    int row, col;

    int32_t base_block_count = 0;

    double  log_sum          = 0.0;

    for (row = mi_row / num_mi_w; row < num_rows && row < mi_row / num_mi_w + num_brows; ++row) {

        for (col = mi_col_sr / num_mi_h; col < num_cols && col < mi_col_sr / num_mi_h + num_bcols; ++col) {

            int index = row * num_cols + col;

            log_sum += log(ppcs->pa_me_data->tpl_rdmult_scaling_factors[index]);

            ++base_block_count;

        }

    }

    assert(base_block_count > 0);

    EbBitDepth bit_depth   = pcs->hbd_md ? EB_TEN_BIT : EB_EIGHT_BIT;

    double     orig_rdmult = svt_aom_compute_rd_mult(

        pcs, ppcs->frm_hdr.quantization_params.base_q_idx, ppcs->frm_hdr.quantization_params.base_q_idx, bit_depth);

    double new_rdmult = svt_aom_compute_rd_mult(

        pcs, sb_ptr->qindex, svt_aom_get_me_qindex(pcs, sb_ptr, scs->seq_header.sb_size == BLOCK_128X128), bit_depth);

    double scaling_factor = new_rdmult / orig_rdmult;

    //double scale_adj = exp(log(scaling_factor) - log_sum / base_block_count);

    double scale_adj = scaling_factor / exp(log_sum / base_block_count);

    for (row = mi_row / num_mi_w; row < num_rows && row < mi_row / num_mi_w + num_brows; ++row) {

        for (col = mi_col_sr / num_mi_h; col < num_cols && col < mi_col_sr / num_mi_h + num_bcols; ++col) {

            int index                                              = row * num_cols + col;

            ppcs->pa_me_data->tpl_sb_rdmult_scaling_factors[index] = scale_adj *

                ppcs->pa_me_data->tpl_rdmult_scaling_factors[index];

        }

    }

    ppcs->blk_lambda_tuning = true;

}

/******************************************************

 * svt_aom_sb_qp_derivation_tpl_la

 * Calculates the QP per SB based on the tpl statistics

 * used in one pass and second pass of two pass encoding

 ******************************************************/

void svt_aom_sb_qp_derivation_tpl_la(PictureControlSet* pcs) {

    PictureParentControlSet* ppcs = pcs->ppcs;

    SequenceControlSet*      scs  = ppcs->scs;

    if (ppcs->r0_delta_qp_quant) {

        ppcs->frm_hdr.delta_q_params.delta_q_present = 1;

    }

    // super res pictures scaled with different sb count, should use sb_total_count for each picture

    uint16_t sb_cnt = scs->sb_total_count;

    if (ppcs->frame_superres_enabled || ppcs->frame_resize_enabled) {

        sb_cnt = pcs->sb_total_count;

    }

    if (ppcs->r0_delta_qp_md && ppcs->tpl_is_valid == 1) {

#if DEBUG_VAR_BOOST_STATS

        SVT_DEBUG("TPL qindex boost, frame %llu, temp. level %i\n", pcs->picture_number, pcs->temporal_layer_index);

#endif

        for (uint32_t sb_addr = 0; sb_addr < sb_cnt; ++sb_addr) {

            SuperBlock* sb_ptr = pcs->sb_ptr_array[sb_addr];

            double      beta   = ppcs->pa_me_data->tpl_beta[sb_addr];

            int         offset = svt_av1_get_deltaq_offset(

                scs->static_config.encoder_bit_depth, sb_ptr->qindex, beta, ppcs->slice_type == I_SLICE);

            offset = AOMMIN(offset, 9 * 4 - 1);

            offset = AOMMAX(offset, -9 * 4 + 1);

#if DEBUG_VAR_BOOST_STATS

            SVT_DEBUG("%4d ", -offset);

            if (pcs->frame_width <= (sb_ptr->org_x + 64)) {

                SVT_DEBUG("\n");

            }

#endif

            // read back SB qindex value, and add TPL boost on top

            // q_index 0 is lossless, and is currently not supported in SVT-AV1

            sb_ptr->qindex = CLIP3(1, MAXQ, (int16_t)sb_ptr->qindex + (int16_t)offset);

            sb_setup_lambda(pcs, sb_ptr);

        }

    }

}

/******************************************************

 * svt_av1_normalize_sb_delta_q

 * Adjusts superblock delta q to the most optimal res

 ******************************************************/

void svt_av1_normalize_sb_delta_q(PictureControlSet* pcs) {

    PictureParentControlSet* ppcs        = pcs->ppcs;

    SequenceControlSet*      scs         = ppcs->scs;

    uint8_t                  delta_q_res = ppcs->frm_hdr.delta_q_params.delta_q_res;

    assert(delta_q_res == 2 || delta_q_res == 4 || delta_q_res == 8);

    uint8_t mask              = ~(delta_q_res - 1);

    uint8_t delta_q_remainder = (ppcs->frm_hdr.quantization_params.base_q_idx) & ~mask;

    // Adjustment to push sb qindex toward the nearest multiple of delta_q_res, relative to base_q_idx

    int8_t delta_q_adjustment = (delta_q_res - delta_q_remainder) - (delta_q_res / 2);

    // super res pictures scaled with different sb count, should use sb_total_count for each picture

    uint16_t sb_cnt = scs->sb_total_count;

    if (ppcs->frame_superres_enabled || ppcs->frame_resize_enabled) {

        sb_cnt = ppcs->b64_total_count;

    }

#if DEBUG_VAR_BOOST_STATS

    SVT_LOG("Normalized delta q boost, frame %llu, temp. level %i, new delta_q_res %i\n",

            pcs->picture_number,

            pcs->temporal_layer_index,

            delta_q_res);

#endif

    for (uint32_t sb_addr = 0; sb_addr < sb_cnt; ++sb_addr) {

        SuperBlock* sb_ptr = pcs->sb_ptr_array[sb_addr];

        // Adjust sb_qindex to minimize the difference between its pre- and post-normalization value

        uint8_t adjusted_q_index   = CLIP3(1, MAXQ, sb_ptr->qindex + delta_q_adjustment);

        uint8_t normalized_q_index = (adjusted_q_index & mask) + delta_q_remainder;

        // q_index 0 is lossless, so do not use it when encoding in lossy mode

        sb_ptr->qindex = normalized_q_index == 0 ? delta_q_res : normalized_q_index;

#if DEBUG_VAR_BOOST_STATS

        SVT_LOG("%4d ", sb_ptr->qindex);

        if (pcs->frame_width <= (sb_ptr->org_x + 64)) {

            SVT_LOG("\n");

        }

#endif

    }

}

// Initialize SB qindex values and apply per-SB adjustments (variance boost, TPL, cyclic refresh).

void svt_av1_rc_init_sb_qindex(PictureControlSet* pcs, SequenceControlSet* scs) {

    PictureParentControlSet* ppcs    = pcs->ppcs;

    FrameHeader*             frm_hdr = &ppcs->frm_hdr;

    frm_hdr->delta_q_params.delta_q_present = 0;

    // cyclic refresh is mutually exclusive with other AQ modes and overrides SB qindexes

    // as it is attempted always in CBR mode - make it consistent and not mix with other AQ

    // NOTE: with SB size 128 none of AQ will be used because of this

    if (scs->enc_ctx->rc_cfg.mode == AOM_CBR) {

        if (ppcs->cyclic_refresh.apply_cyclic_refresh) {

            cyclic_sb_qp_assignment(pcs);

        } else {

            for (int sb_addr = 0; sb_addr < pcs->sb_total_count; ++sb_addr) {

                pcs->sb_ptr_array[sb_addr]->qindex = frm_hdr->quantization_params.base_q_idx;

            }

        }

    } else {

        // set initial SB base_q_idx values

        for (int sb_addr = 0; sb_addr < pcs->sb_total_count; ++sb_addr) {

            pcs->sb_ptr_array[sb_addr]->qindex = frm_hdr->quantization_params.base_q_idx;

        }

        // adjust SB qindex based on variance

        if (scs->static_config.enable_variance_boost) {

            svt_av1_variance_adjust_qp(pcs);

        }

        // QPM with tpl_la

        if (scs->static_config.aq_mode == 2 && ppcs->tpl_ctrls.enable && ppcs->r0 != 0) {

            svt_aom_sb_qp_derivation_tpl_la(pcs);

        }

    }

}