/work/vvenc/source/Lib/EncoderLib/EncGOP.cpp

Source
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/** \file     EncGOP.cpp
    \brief    GOP encoder class
*/

#include "EncGOP.h"
#include "CommonLib/SEI.h"
#include "CommonLib/UnitTools.h"
#include "CommonLib/dtrace_codingstruct.h"
#include "CommonLib/dtrace_buffer.h"
#include "CommonLib/TimeProfiler.h"
#include "CommonLib/MD5.h"
#include "NALwrite.h"
#include "BitAllocation.h"
#include "EncHRD.h"
#include "GOPCfg.h"

#include <list>

//! \ingroup EncoderLib
//! \{

namespace vvenc {

#ifdef TRACE_ENABLE_ITT
static __itt_string_handle* itt_handle_start = __itt_string_handle_create( "Start" );
static __itt_domain* itt_domain_gopEncoder   = __itt_domain_create( "GOPEncoder" );
#endif

// ====================================================================================================================
// fast forward decoder in encoder
// ====================================================================================================================

void initPicAuxQPOffsets( const Slice* slice, const bool isBIM ) // get m_picShared->m_picAuxQpOffset and m_picShared->m_ctuBimQpOffset if unavailable
{
  const Picture* slicePic = slice->pic;

  if (isBIM && slicePic && slicePic->m_picShared->m_ctuBimQpOffset.empty())
  {
    const Picture* refPicL0 = slice->getRefPic (REF_PIC_LIST_0, 0);
    const Picture* refPicL1 = slice->getRefPic (REF_PIC_LIST_1, 0);

    if (refPicL0 && !refPicL0->m_picShared->m_ctuBimQpOffset.empty() &&
        refPicL1 && !refPicL1->m_picShared->m_ctuBimQpOffset.empty() &&
        refPicL0->m_picShared->m_ctuBimQpOffset.size() == refPicL1->m_picShared->m_ctuBimQpOffset.size())
    {
      const PicShared* pic0 = refPicL0->m_picShared;
      const PicShared* pic1 = refPicL1->m_picShared;
      PicShared* const picC = slicePic->m_picShared;
      const int32_t  numCtu = (int32_t) pic0->m_ctuBimQpOffset.size();
      int i, sumCtuQpOffset = 0;

      picC->m_ctuBimQpOffset.resize (numCtu);

      for (i = 0; i < numCtu; i++) // scale and merge QPs
      {
        const int qpOffset0 = pic0->m_ctuBimQpOffset[i] + pic0->m_picAuxQpOffset; // CTU delta-QP #1
        const int qpOffset1 = pic1->m_ctuBimQpOffset[i] + pic1->m_picAuxQpOffset; // CTU delta-QP #2
        const int qpOffsetC = (3 * qpOffset0 + 3 * qpOffset1 + (qpOffset0 + qpOffset1 < 0 ? 3 : 4)) >> 3; // 3 instead of 4 for correct rounding to -2

        picC->m_ctuBimQpOffset[i] = qpOffsetC;
        sumCtuQpOffset += qpOffsetC;
      }

      picC->m_picAuxQpOffset = (sumCtuQpOffset + (sumCtuQpOffset < 0 ? -(numCtu >> 1) : numCtu >> 1)) / numCtu; // pic average; delta-QP scaling: 0.75
      for (i = 0; i < numCtu; i++) // excl. average again
      {
        picC->m_ctuBimQpOffset[i] -= picC->m_picAuxQpOffset; // delta-QP relative to the aux average
      }
    }
  }
}


// ====================================================================================================================
// Constructor / destructor / initialization / destroy
// ====================================================================================================================

EncGOP::EncGOP( MsgLog& logger )
  : msg                  ( logger )
  , m_recYuvBufFunc      ( nullptr )
  , m_recYuvBufCtx       ( nullptr )
  , m_threadPool         ( nullptr )
  , m_pcEncCfg           ( nullptr )
  , m_gopCfg             ( nullptr )
  , m_pcRateCtrl         ( nullptr )
  , m_spsMap             ( MAX_NUM_SPS )
  , m_ppsMap             ( MAX_NUM_PPS )
  , m_isPreAnalysis      ( false )
  , m_bFirstWrite        ( true )
  , m_bRefreshPending    ( false )
  , m_lastCodingNum      ( -1 )
  , m_numPicsCoded       ( 0 )
  , m_numPicsInMissing   ( 0 )
  , m_numPicsOutOffset   ( 0 )
  , m_lastCts            ( 0 )
  , m_pocRecOut          ( 0 )
  , m_ticksPerFrameMul4  ( 0 )
  , m_lastIDR            ( 0 )
  , m_lastRasPoc         ( MAX_INT )
  , m_pocCRA             ( 0 )
  , m_associatedIRAPPOC  ( 0 )
  , m_associatedIRAPType ( VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_IDR_N_LP )
{
}

EncGOP::~EncGOP()
{
  freePicList();

  for( auto& picEncoder : m_freePicEncoderList )
  {
    if( picEncoder )
    {
      delete picEncoder;
    }
  }
  m_freePicEncoderList.clear();
  m_threadPool = nullptr;

  if ( m_pcEncCfg->m_fga )
  {
    m_fgAnalyzer.destroy();
  }

  // cleanup parameter sets
  m_spsMap.clearMap();
  m_ppsMap.clearMap();

  for( auto& p : m_globalApsList ) delete p;
  m_globalApsList.clear();
}

void EncGOP::init( const VVEncCfg& encCfg, const GOPCfg* gopCfg, RateCtrl& rateCtrl, NoMallocThreadPool* threadPool, bool isPreAnalysis )
{
  m_pcEncCfg      = &encCfg;
  m_gopCfg        = gopCfg;
  m_pcRateCtrl    = &rateCtrl;
  m_threadPool    = threadPool;
  m_isPreAnalysis = isPreAnalysis;

  // setup parameter sets
  const int dciId = m_pcEncCfg->m_decodingParameterSetEnabled ? 1 : 0;
  SPS& sps0       = *( m_spsMap.allocatePS( 0 ) ); // NOTE: implementations that use more than 1 SPS need to be aware of activation issues.
  PPS& pps0       = *( m_ppsMap.allocatePS( 0 ) );

  xInitSPS( sps0 );
  sps0.dciId = m_DCI.dciId;
  xInitVPS( m_VPS );
  xInitDCI( m_DCI, sps0, dciId );
  xInitPPS( pps0, sps0 );
  xInitRPL( sps0 );
  xInitHrdParameters( sps0 );

  if ( encCfg.m_fga )
  {
    m_fgAnalyzer.init( m_pcEncCfg->m_PadSourceWidth, m_pcEncCfg->m_PadSourceHeight,
                       m_pcEncCfg->m_internChromaFormat, m_pcEncCfg->m_outputBitDepth,
                       m_pcEncCfg->m_fg.m_fgcSEICompModelPresent );
    m_fgcParam = FilmGrainParam( m_fgAnalyzer );   // default parameters, until the first analysis
  }

  if( !m_pcEncCfg->m_poc0idr )
  {
    m_associatedIRAPType = VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_IDR_W_RADL;
  }
  m_seiEncoder.init( encCfg, gopCfg, m_EncHRD );

  // One CU encoder per worker thread is enough: a worker encodes one CTU at a time, whichever
  // of the parallel pictures it belongs to.
  const int numThreadRsrc = ( encCfg.m_numThreads > 0 && threadPool ) ? threadPool->numThreads() : 1;
  m_threadRsrc.init( encCfg, sps0, pps0, &m_globalCtuQpVector, rateCtrl, numThreadRsrc );

  const int maxPicEncoder = ( encCfg.m_maxParallelFrames ) ? encCfg.m_maxParallelFrames : 1;
  for ( int i = 0; i < maxPicEncoder; i++ )
  {
    EncPicture* picEncoder = new EncPicture;
    picEncoder->init( encCfg, &m_globalCtuQpVector, sps0, pps0, rateCtrl, threadPool, m_threadRsrc );
    m_freePicEncoderList.push_back( picEncoder );
  }

  if (encCfg.m_usePerceptQPA)
  {
    m_globalCtuQpVector.resize( pps0.useDQP && (encCfg.m_internalUsePerceptQPATempFiltISlice == 2) && encCfg.m_salienceBasedOpt ? pps0.picWidthInCtu * pps0.picHeightInCtu + 1 : 1 );
  }

  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_FrameRate && m_pcEncCfg->m_TicksPerSecond > 0 )
  {
    m_ticksPerFrameMul4 = (int)((int64_t)4 *(int64_t)m_pcEncCfg->m_TicksPerSecond * (int64_t)m_pcEncCfg->m_FrameScale/(int64_t)m_pcEncCfg->m_FrameRate);
  }
  m_forceSCC = false;
  m_rcap.reset();
}


// ====================================================================================================================
// Class interface
// ====================================================================================================================


void EncGOP::setRecYUVBufferCallback( void* ctx, std::function<void( void*, vvencYUVBuffer* )> func )
{
  m_recYuvBufCtx  = ctx;
  m_recYuvBufFunc = func;
}

void EncGOP::initPicture( Picture* pic )
{
  pic->encTime.startTimer();

  pic->TLayer = pic->gopEntry->m_temporalId;
  if( pic->ctsValid )
  {
    if( m_lastCts )
    {
      int64_t ticksPerFrame = m_ticksPerFrameMul4/4;
      int64_t expectedCtsDiff = (m_pcEncCfg->m_TicksPerSecond > 0 ) ? ticksPerFrame : 1;
      int64_t ctsDiff = pic->cts - m_lastCts;

      if( ctsDiff >= (expectedCtsDiff<<1) || ctsDiff < 0 )
      {
        // signalize that frames are missing at that particular picture
        pic->picOutOffset = (m_pcEncCfg->m_TicksPerSecond > 0 ) ? (ctsDiff - ticksPerFrame)/ticksPerFrame : ctsDiff-1;
        m_numPicsInMissing += pic->picOutOffset;
      }
    }
    m_lastCts = pic->cts;
  }
  if( m_numPicsInMissing )
  {
    pic->picsInMissing = m_numPicsInMissing;
  }

  pic->setSccFlags( m_pcEncCfg );

  CHECK( m_ppsMap.getFirstPS() == nullptr || m_spsMap.getPS( m_ppsMap.getFirstPS()->spsId ) == nullptr, "picture set not initialised" );

  const PPS& pps = *( m_ppsMap.getFirstPS() );
  const SPS& sps = *( m_spsMap.getPS( pps.spsId ) );

  if( pic->cs && pic->cs->picHeader )
  {
    delete pic->cs->picHeader;
    pic->cs->picHeader = nullptr;
  }

  std::mutex* mutex = ( m_pcEncCfg->m_maxParallelFrames ) ? &m_unitCacheMutex : nullptr;
  pic->finalInit( m_VPS, sps, pps, nullptr, m_shrdUnitCache, mutex, nullptr );

  pic->vps = &m_VPS;
  pic->dci = &m_DCI;

  // filter data initialization
  const uint32_t numberOfCtusInFrame = pic->cs->pcv->sizeInCtus;

  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_usePerceptQPA )
  {
    pic->ctuQpaLambda.resize (numberOfCtusInFrame);
    pic->ctuAdaptedQP.resize (numberOfCtusInFrame);
  }

  if( pic->cs->sps->saoEnabled )
  {
    pic->resizeSAO( numberOfCtusInFrame, 0 );
    pic->resizeSAO( numberOfCtusInFrame, 1 );
  }

  if( pic->cs->sps->alfEnabled )
  {
    pic->resizeAlfCtuBuffers( numberOfCtusInFrame );
  }

  pic->encTime.stopTimer();
}

void EncGOP::waitForFreeEncoders()
{
  {
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock( m_gopEncMutex );
    if( ! xEncodersFinished() )
    {
      CHECK( m_pcEncCfg->m_numThreads <= 0, "run into MT code, but no threading enabled" );
      m_gopEncCond.wait( lock );
    }
  }
}

void EncGOP::processPictures( const PicList& picList, AccessUnitList& auList, PicList& doneList, PicList& freeList )
{
  CHECK( picList.empty(), "empty input picture list given" );

  // create list of pictures ordered in coding order and ready to be encoded
  xInitPicsInCodingOrder( picList );

  // encode pictures
  xProcessPictures( auList, doneList );

  // output reconstructed YUV
  xOutputRecYuv( picList );

  // release pictures not needed anymore
  xReleasePictures( picList, freeList );

  // clear output access unit
  if( m_isPreAnalysis )
  {
    auList.clearAu();
  }
}

void EncGOP::xProcessPictures( AccessUnitList& auList, PicList& doneList )
{
  // in lockstep mode, process all pictures in processing list
  const bool lockStepMode = (m_pcEncCfg->m_RCTargetBitrate > 0 || (m_pcEncCfg->m_LookAhead > 0 && !m_isPreAnalysis)) && (m_pcEncCfg->m_maxParallelFrames > 0);

  // get list of pictures to be encoded and used for RC update
  CHECK( m_pcEncCfg->m_rateCap && lockStepMode, "Rate capping should not be used in lockstep mode" );
  // rate cap and MT: finish the previous GOP before processing the next one
  const bool rateCapPrevGopConstr = m_pcEncCfg->m_rateCap && !m_rcUpdateList.empty();

  if( m_procList.empty() && (!m_gopEncListInput.empty() || !m_rcInputReorderList.empty()) && !rateCapPrevGopConstr )
  {
    xGetProcessingLists( m_procList, m_rcUpdateList, lockStepMode );
  }

  if( ! m_procList.empty() )
  {
    // encode one picture in serial mode / multiple pictures in FPP mode
    PROFILER_ACCUM_AND_START_NEW_SET( 1, g_timeProfiler, P_IGNORE );
    while( true )
    {
      Picture* pic           = nullptr;
      EncPicture* picEncoder = nullptr;

      // fetch next picture to be encoded and next free picture encoder
      {
        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock( m_gopEncMutex, std::defer_lock );
        if( m_pcEncCfg->m_numThreads > 0) lock.lock();

        // leave the loop when nothing to do (when all encoders are finished or in non-blocking mode)
        if( m_procList.empty() && ( isNonBlocking() || xEncodersFinished() ) )
        {
          break;
        }

        // get next picture ready to be encoded
        // if ALF enabled and ALFTempPred is used, ensure that refAps is initialized
        // rate capping and MT frame parallel: in the first GOP after scene cut, ensure that the two first frames of 
        //                                     this GOP are finished. Their data will be used to adjust the QP of
        //                                     remaining frames of this scene-cut-GOP.
        const std::list<Picture *>* rcUpdateList = &m_rcUpdateList;
        const VVEncCfg* encCfg = m_pcEncCfg;
        auto picItr            = find_if( m_procList.begin(), m_procList.end(), [encCfg, rcUpdateList]( auto pic ) {
          return ( encCfg->m_ifp || pic->slices[ 0 ]->checkAllRefPicsReconstructed() )
            && ( !encCfg->m_alf || ( !pic->refApsGlobal || pic->refApsGlobal->initalized ) )
            && ( !encCfg->m_rateCap || !encCfg->m_maxParallelFrames || !pic->isSceneCutGOP || (!rcUpdateList->front()->isSceneCutCheckAdjQP && !rcUpdateList->front()->gopEntry->m_isStartOfGop ) )
            ; } );

        const bool nextPicReady = picItr != m_procList.end();

        // check at least one picture and one pic encoder ready
        if( m_freePicEncoderList.empty() || ! nextPicReady )
        {
          // non-blocking stage: wait on top level, let other stages do their jobs
          // in non-lockstep mode, check if next picture can be output
          if( isNonBlocking() || ( ! lockStepMode && m_gopEncListOutput.front()->isReconstructed ) )
          {
            break;
          }
          CHECK( m_pcEncCfg->m_numThreads <= 0, "run into MT code, but no threading enabled" );
          CHECK( xEncodersFinished(), "wait for picture to be finished, but no pic encoder running" );
          m_gopEncCond.wait( lock );
          continue;
        }

        pic = *picItr;
        picEncoder = m_freePicEncoderList.front();

        // rate-control with look-ahead: init next chunk
        if( m_pcEncCfg->m_RCTargetBitrate > 0 && m_pcEncCfg->m_LookAhead )
        {
          CHECK( m_isPreAnalysis, "rate control enabled for pre analysis" );

          if( pic->isFlush )
          {
            m_pcRateCtrl->setRCRateSavingState(0); // tell budget estimation that end of video is near
          }
          if( pic->gopEntry->m_isStartOfGop )
          {
            // check the RC final pass requirement for availability of preprocessed pictures (GOP + 1)
            if( m_pcRateCtrl->lastPOCInCache() <= pic->poc && ! pic->isFlush )
            {
              break;
            }
            m_pcRateCtrl->processFirstPassData( pic->isFlush, pic->poc );
          }
        }

        m_freePicEncoderList.pop_front();
      }

      CHECK( picEncoder == nullptr, "no free picture encoder available" );
      CHECK( pic        == nullptr, "no picture to be encoded, ready for encoding" );
      m_procList.remove( pic );

      xEncodePicture( pic, picEncoder );
    }
  }

  if( lockStepMode && m_pcEncCfg->m_ifpLines && !m_rcUpdateList.empty() )
  {
    xUpdateRcIfp();
  }

  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_rateCap )
  {
    xUpdateRateCap();
  }

  // picture/AU output
  // 
  // in lock-step mode:
  // the output of a picture is connected to evaluation of the lock-step-chunk
  // if the next picture to output belongs to the current chunk, do output (evaluation) when all pictures of the chunk are finished

  if( m_gopEncListOutput.empty() || !m_gopEncListOutput.front()->isReconstructed ||
    ( lockStepMode && !m_pcEncCfg->m_ifpLines && !m_rcUpdateList.empty() && m_gopEncListOutput.front() == m_rcUpdateList.front() && !xLockStepPicsFinished() ) )
  {
    return;
  }
  PROFILER_ACCUM_AND_START_NEW_SET( 1, g_timeProfiler, P_TOP_LEVEL );

  // AU output
  Picture* outPic = m_gopEncListOutput.front();
  m_gopEncListOutput.pop_front();

  xWritePicture( *outPic, auList, false );

  // update pending RC
  // first pic has been written to bitstream
  // therefore we have at least for this picture a valid total bit and head bit count
  if( !m_rcUpdateList.empty() && m_rcUpdateList.front() == outPic && (!lockStepMode || !m_pcEncCfg->m_ifpLines)  )
  {
    if( m_pcEncCfg->m_RCTargetBitrate > 0 )
    {
      for( auto pic : m_rcUpdateList )
      {
        if( pic != outPic )
        {
          pic->actualHeadBits  = outPic->actualHeadBits;
          pic->actualTotalBits = pic->sliceDataStreams[0].getNumberOfWrittenBits();
        }
        m_pcRateCtrl->updateAfterPicEncRC( pic );
      }
    }

    if( lockStepMode )
      m_rcUpdateList.clear();
    else
      m_rcUpdateList.pop_front();
  }

  const bool skipFirstPass = ( ! m_pcRateCtrl->rcIsFinalPass || m_isPreAnalysis ) && outPic->gopEntry->m_skipFirstPass;
  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_useAMaxBT && ! skipFirstPass )
  {
    m_BlkStat.updateMaxBT( *outPic->slices[0], outPic->picBlkStat );
  }

  outPic->slices[ 0 ]->updateRefPicCounter( -1 );
  outPic->isFinished = true;

  if( ! m_isPreAnalysis )
  {
    outPic->getFilteredOrigBuffer().destroy();
  }

  doneList.push_back( outPic );

  m_numPicsCoded += 1;
}

void EncGOP::xSyncAlfAps( Picture& pic )
{
  Slice& slice = *pic.cs->slice;
  const bool mtPicParallel = m_pcEncCfg->m_numThreads > 0;

  if( mtPicParallel && slice.isIntra() )
  {
    // reset APS propagation on Intra-Slice in MT-mode
    return;
  }

  const PicApsGlobal* refAps = pic.refApsGlobal;
  if( !refAps )
    return;
  CHECK( !refAps->initalized, "Attempt referencing from an uninitialized APS" );
  pic.refApsGlobal->refCnt--;
  CHECK( pic.refApsGlobal->refCnt < 0, "Not expected APS ref. counter\n" );

  // copy ref APSs to current picture
  const ParameterSetMap<APS>& src = refAps->apsMap;
  ParameterSetMap<APS>&       dst = pic.picApsMap;
  if( mtPicParallel && pic.TLayer == 0 )
  {
    // in pic.parallel case, due to limited number of APS IDs, limit propagation of TID-0 APS
    CHECK( slice.sps->maxTLayers > ALF_CTB_MAX_NUM_APS, "Not enough space for ALF APSs in MT mode: not supported"  )
    int numApsTID0 = ALF_CTB_MAX_NUM_APS - (int)slice.sps->maxTLayers;
    int lastTakenApsPOC = pic.poc;
    while( numApsTID0 > 0 )
    {
      const APS* candAPS = nullptr;
      int candMapIdx = 0;
      for( int i = 0; i < ALF_CTB_MAX_NUM_APS; i++ )
      {
        const int mapIdx = ( i << NUM_APS_TYPE_LEN ) + ALF_APS;
        const APS* srcAPS = src.getPS( mapIdx );
        if( srcAPS && srcAPS->apsId != MAX_UINT && srcAPS->poc < lastTakenApsPOC && ( !candAPS || srcAPS->poc > candAPS->poc ) )
        {
          candAPS = srcAPS;
          candMapIdx = mapIdx;
        }
      }
      if( !candAPS )
        break;

      APS* dstAPS = dst.allocatePS( candMapIdx );
      *dstAPS = *candAPS;
      dst.clearChangedFlag( candMapIdx );
      lastTakenApsPOC = candAPS->poc;
      numApsTID0--;
    }
  }
  else
  {
    for( int i = 0; i < ALF_CTB_MAX_NUM_APS; i++ )
    {
      const int apsMapIdx = ( i << NUM_APS_TYPE_LEN ) + ALF_APS;
      const APS* srcAPS = src.getPS( apsMapIdx );
      if( srcAPS )
      {
        APS* dstAPS = dst.allocatePS( apsMapIdx );
        *dstAPS = *srcAPS;
        dst.clearChangedFlag( apsMapIdx );
      }
    }
  }
  dst.setApsIdStart( src.getApsIdStart() );
}

void EncGOP::xEncodePicture( Picture* pic, EncPicture* picEncoder )
{
  // first pass temporal down-sampling
  if( ( ! m_pcRateCtrl->rcIsFinalPass || m_isPreAnalysis ) && pic->gopEntry->m_skipFirstPass )
  {
    pic->isReconstructed = true;
    m_freePicEncoderList.push_back( picEncoder );
    return;
  }

  // decoder in encoder
  DTRACE_UPDATE( g_trace_ctx, std::make_pair( "finalpass", m_pcRateCtrl->rcIsFinalPass ? 1: 0 ) );

  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_alf && m_pcEncCfg->m_alfTempPred )
  {
    // Establish reference APS for current picture
    xSyncAlfAps( *pic );
  }

  // initialize next picture
  pic->isPreAnalysis = m_isPreAnalysis;

  if( pic->slices[0]->TLayer + 1 < m_pcEncCfg->m_maxTLayer ) // skip for highest two temporal levels
  {
    initPicAuxQPOffsets( pic->slices[0], m_pcEncCfg->m_blockImportanceMapping );
  }

  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_RCTargetBitrate > 0 )
  {
    pic->picInitialQP     = -1;
    pic->picInitialLambda = -1.0;

    m_pcRateCtrl->initRateControlPic( *pic, pic->slices[0], pic->picInitialQP, pic->picInitialLambda );
  }

  if( pic->isSceneCutGOP && !pic->isSceneCutCheckAdjQP && !pic->gopEntry->m_isStartOfGop && m_rcap.gopAdaptedQPAdj )
  {
    pic->gopAdaptedQP += m_rcap.gopAdaptedQPAdj;
  }

  // compress next picture
  picEncoder->compressPicture( *pic, *this );

  // finish picture encoding and cleanup
  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_numThreads > 0 )
  {
    static auto finishTask = []( int, void* task_param )
    {
      FinishTaskParam* param = static_cast<FinishTaskParam*>( task_param );
      param->picEncoder->finalizePicture( *param->pic );
      {
        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock( param->gopEncoder->m_gopEncMutex );
        param->pic->isReconstructed = true;
        if( param->pic->picApsGlobal )
          param->pic->picApsGlobal->initalized = true;
        param->gopEncoder->m_freePicEncoderList.push_back( param->picEncoder );
        param->gopEncoder->m_gopEncCond.notify_one();
      }
      delete param;
      return true;
    };
    FinishTaskParam* param = new FinishTaskParam( this, picEncoder, pic );
    m_threadPool->addBarrierTask( finishTask, param, nullptr, nullptr, { &picEncoder->m_ctuTasksDoneCounter.done } );
  }
  else
  {
    picEncoder->finalizePicture( *pic );
    pic->isReconstructed = true;
    if( pic->picApsGlobal ) pic->picApsGlobal->initalized = true;
    m_freePicEncoderList.push_back( picEncoder );
  }
}

void EncGOP::xOutputRecYuv( const PicList& picList )
{
  if( m_pcRateCtrl->rcIsFinalPass && m_recYuvBufFunc )
  {
    CHECK( m_isPreAnalysis, "yuv output enabled for pre analysis" );
    // ordered YUV output
    bool bRun = true;
    while( bRun )
    {
      bRun = false;
      for( auto pic : picList )
      {
        if( pic->poc != m_pocRecOut )
          continue;
        if( ! pic->isReconstructed )
          return;

        const PPS& pps = *(pic->cs->pps);
        vvencYUVBuffer yuvBuffer;
        vvenc_YUVBuffer_default( &yuvBuffer );
        setupYuvBuffer( pic->getRecoBuf(), yuvBuffer, &pps.conformanceWindow );
        yuvBuffer.sequenceNumber = pic->poc;
        m_recYuvBufFunc( m_recYuvBufCtx, &yuvBuffer );

        m_pocRecOut += 1;
        pic->isNeededForOutput = false;
        bRun = true;
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  else
  {
    // no output needed, simply unmark pictures
    for( auto pic : picList )
    {
      if( pic->isReconstructed && pic->isNeededForOutput )
        pic->isNeededForOutput = false;
    }
  }
}

void EncGOP::xReleasePictures( const PicList& picList, PicList& freeList )
{
  const bool allPicsDone = m_numPicsCoded >= m_picCount && ( picList.empty() || picList.back()->isFlush );
  // Writing a picture reads its reconstruction only for the decoded picture hash SEI. Without it, a
  // picture that no other picture references and that is not waiting for reconstruction output needs
  // neither its reconstruction nor its motion field once it is reconstructed.
  const bool writeReadsReco = m_pcEncCfg->m_decodedPictureHashSEIType != VVENC_HASHTYPE_NONE;
  for( auto pic : picList )
  {
    const bool isUnused = ! pic->isNeededForOutput && ! pic->isReferenced && pic->refCounter <= 0;
    if( ( pic->isFinished && isUnused ) || allPicsDone )
    {
      // Nothing reads a released picture any more. Its buffers are allocated again when the
      // picture object is reused and its next picture starts encoding.
      pic->releaseEncodingBuffers();
      freeList.push_back( pic );
    }
    else if( pic->isReconstructed && isUnused && ! writeReadsReco )
    {
      pic->releaseEncodingBuffers();
    }
  }
}

void EncGOP::printOutSummary( const bool printMSEBasedSNR, const bool printSequenceMSE, const bool printHexPsnr )
{
  //--CFG_KDY
  //const int rateMultiplier = 1;
  double fps = m_pcEncCfg->m_FrameRate/(double)m_pcEncCfg->m_FrameScale;
  m_AnalyzeAll.setFrmRate( fps );
  m_AnalyzeI.setFrmRate( fps );
  m_AnalyzeP.setFrmRate( fps );
  m_AnalyzeB.setFrmRate( fps );

  const ChromaFormat chFmt = m_pcEncCfg->m_internChromaFormat;

  const BitDepths& bitDepths = m_spsMap.getFirstPS()->bitDepths;
  //-- all
  std::string summary( "\n" );
  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_verbosity >= VVENC_DETAILS )
    summary.append("\nvvenc [info]: SUMMARY --------------------------------------------------------\n");

  summary.append( m_AnalyzeAll.printOut('a', chFmt, printMSEBasedSNR, printSequenceMSE, printHexPsnr, bitDepths));

  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_verbosity < VVENC_DETAILS )
  {
    msg.log( VVENC_INFO,summary.c_str() );
  }
  else
  {
    summary.append( "\n\nvvenc [info]: I Slices--------------------------------------------------------\n" );
    summary.append( m_AnalyzeI.printOut('i', chFmt, printMSEBasedSNR, printSequenceMSE, printHexPsnr, bitDepths));

    summary.append( "\n\nvvenc [info]: P Slices--------------------------------------------------------\n" );
    summary.append( m_AnalyzeP.printOut('p', chFmt, printMSEBasedSNR, printSequenceMSE, printHexPsnr, bitDepths));

    summary.append( "\n\nvvenc [info]: B Slices--------------------------------------------------------\n" );
    summary.append( m_AnalyzeB.printOut('b', chFmt, printMSEBasedSNR, printSequenceMSE, printHexPsnr, bitDepths));
    msg.log( VVENC_DETAILS,summary.c_str() );
  }

  if (m_pcEncCfg->m_summaryOutFilename[0] != '\0' )
  {
    std::string summaryOutFilename(m_pcEncCfg->m_summaryOutFilename);
    m_AnalyzeAll.printSummary(chFmt, printSequenceMSE, printHexPsnr, bitDepths, summaryOutFilename);
  }

  if (m_pcEncCfg->m_summaryPicFilenameBase[0] != '\0' )
  {
    std::string summaryPicFilenameBase(m_pcEncCfg->m_summaryPicFilenameBase);

    m_AnalyzeI.printSummary(chFmt, printSequenceMSE, printHexPsnr, bitDepths, summaryPicFilenameBase+"I.txt");
    m_AnalyzeP.printSummary(chFmt, printSequenceMSE, printHexPsnr, bitDepths, summaryPicFilenameBase+"P.txt");
    m_AnalyzeB.printSummary(chFmt, printSequenceMSE, printHexPsnr, bitDepths, summaryPicFilenameBase+"B.txt");
  }
}

void EncGOP::getParameterSets( AccessUnitList& accessUnit )
{
  CHECK( m_ppsMap.getFirstPS() == nullptr || m_spsMap.getPS( m_ppsMap.getFirstPS()->spsId ) == nullptr, "sps/pps not initialised" );

  const PPS& pps = *( m_ppsMap.getFirstPS() );
  const SPS& sps = *( m_spsMap.getPS( pps.spsId ) );

  if (sps.vpsId != 0)
  {
    xWriteVPS( accessUnit, &m_VPS, m_HLSWriter );
  }
  xWriteDCI( accessUnit, &m_DCI, m_HLSWriter );
  xWriteSPS( accessUnit, &sps, m_HLSWriter );
  xWritePPS( accessUnit, &pps, &sps, m_HLSWriter );
}

void EncGOP::xUpdateRasInit( Slice* slice )
{
  slice->pendingRasInit = false;
  if ( slice->poc > m_lastRasPoc )
  {
    m_lastRasPoc = MAX_INT;
    slice->pendingRasInit = true;
  }
  if ( slice->isIRAP() )
  {
    m_lastRasPoc = slice->poc;
  }
}

void EncGOP::xInitVPS(VPS &vps) const
{
  // The SPS must have already been set up.
  // set the VPS profile information.
  vps.maxLayers                   = 1;
  vps.maxSubLayers                = 1;
  vps.vpsId                       = 0;
  vps.allLayersSameNumSubLayers   = true;
  vps.allIndependentLayers        = true;
  vps.eachLayerIsAnOls            = true;
  vps.olsModeIdc                  = 0;
  vps.numOutputLayerSets          = 1;
  vps.numPtls                     = 1;
  vps.extension                   = false;
  vps.totalNumOLSs                = 0;
  vps.numDpbParams                = 0;
  vps.sublayerDpbParamsPresent    = false;
  vps.targetOlsIdx                = -1;

  for (int i = 0; i < MAX_VPS_LAYERS; i++)
  {
    vps.layerId[i]                = 0;
    vps.independentLayer[i]       = true;
    for (int j = 0; j < MAX_VPS_LAYERS; j++)
    {
      vps.directRefLayer[i][j]    = 0;
      vps.directRefLayerIdx[i][j] = MAX_VPS_LAYERS;
      vps.interLayerRefIdx[i][i]  = NOT_VALID;
    }
  }

  for (int i = 0; i < MAX_NUM_OLSS; i++)
  {
    for (int j = 0; j < MAX_VPS_LAYERS; j++)
    {
      vps.olsOutputLayer[i][j]    = 0;
    }
    vps.ptPresent[i]              = (i == 0) ? 1 : 0;
    vps.ptlMaxTemporalId[i]       = vps.maxSubLayers - 1;
    vps.olsPtlIdx[i]              = 0;
  }

  vps.profileTierLevel.resize( 1 );
}

void EncGOP::xInitDCI(DCI &dci, const SPS &sps, const int dciId) const
{
  // The SPS must have already been set up.
  // set the DPS profile information.
  dci.dciId                 = dciId;

  dci.profileTierLevel.resize(1);
  // copy profile level tier info
  dci.profileTierLevel[0]   = sps.profileTierLevel;
}

void EncGOP::xInitConstraintInfo(ConstraintInfo &ci) const
{
  ci.intraOnlyConstraintFlag                      = m_pcEncCfg->m_intraOnlyConstraintFlag;
  ci.maxBitDepthConstraintIdc                     = m_pcEncCfg->m_bitDepthConstraintValue - 8;
  ci.maxChromaFormatConstraintIdc                 = m_pcEncCfg->m_internChromaFormat;
  ci.onePictureOnlyConstraintFlag                 = false;
  ci.lowerBitRateConstraintFlag                   = false;
  ci.allLayersIndependentConstraintFlag           = false;
  ci.noQtbttDualTreeIntraConstraintFlag           = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_dualITree;
  ci.noPartitionConstraintsOverrideConstraintFlag = false;
  ci.noSaoConstraintFlag                          = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_bUseSAO;
  ci.noAlfConstraintFlag                          = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_alf;
  ci.noCCAlfConstraintFlag                        = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_ccalf;
  ci.noRefWraparoundConstraintFlag                = false;
  ci.noTemporalMvpConstraintFlag                  = m_pcEncCfg->m_TMVPModeId == 0;
  ci.noSbtmvpConstraintFlag                       = !m_pcEncCfg->m_SbTMVP;
  ci.noAmvrConstraintFlag                         = false;
  ci.noBdofConstraintFlag                         = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_BDOF;
  ci.noDmvrConstraintFlag                         = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_DMVR;
  ci.noCclmConstraintFlag                         = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_LMChroma;
  ci.noMtsConstraintFlag                          = !(m_pcEncCfg->m_MTSImplicit || m_pcEncCfg->m_MTS);
  ci.noSbtConstraintFlag                          = m_pcEncCfg->m_SBT == 0;
  ci.noAffineMotionConstraintFlag                 = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_Affine;
  ci.noBcwConstraintFlag                          = true;
  ci.noIbcConstraintFlag                          = m_pcEncCfg->m_IBCMode == 0;
  ci.noCiipConstraintFlag                         = m_pcEncCfg->m_CIIP == 0;
  ci.noGeoConstraintFlag                          = m_pcEncCfg->m_Geo == 0;
  ci.noLadfConstraintFlag                         = true;
  ci.noTransformSkipConstraintFlag                = m_pcEncCfg->m_TS == 0;
  ci.noBDPCMConstraintFlag                        = m_pcEncCfg->m_useBDPCM==0;
  ci.noJointCbCrConstraintFlag                    = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_JointCbCrMode;
  ci.noMrlConstraintFlag                          = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_MRL;
  ci.noIspConstraintFlag                          = true;
  ci.noMipConstraintFlag                          = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_MIP;
  ci.noQpDeltaConstraintFlag                      = false;
  ci.noDepQuantConstraintFlag                     = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_DepQuantEnabled;
  ci.noMixedNaluTypesInPicConstraintFlag          = false;
  ci.noSignDataHidingConstraintFlag               = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_SignDataHidingEnabled;
  ci.noLfnstConstraintFlag                        = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_LFNST;
  ci.noMmvdConstraintFlag                         = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_MMVD;
  ci.noSmvdConstraintFlag                         = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_SMVD;
  ci.noProfConstraintFlag                         = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_PROF;
  ci.noPaletteConstraintFlag                      = true;
  ci.noActConstraintFlag                          = true;
  ci.noLmcsConstraintFlag                         = true;
  ci.noTrailConstraintFlag                        = m_pcEncCfg->m_IntraPeriod == 1;
  ci.noStsaConstraintFlag                         = m_pcEncCfg->m_IntraPeriod == 1 || ! m_gopCfg->hasNonZeroTemporalId();
  ci.noRaslConstraintFlag                         = m_pcEncCfg->m_IntraPeriod == 1 || ! m_gopCfg->hasLeadingPictures();
  ci.noRadlConstraintFlag                         = m_pcEncCfg->m_IntraPeriod == 1 || ! m_gopCfg->hasLeadingPictures();
  ci.noIdrConstraintFlag                          = false;
  ci.noCraConstraintFlag                          = (m_pcEncCfg->m_DecodingRefreshType != VVENC_DRT_CRA && m_pcEncCfg->m_DecodingRefreshType != VVENC_DRT_CRA_CRE);
  ci.noGdrConstraintFlag                          = false;
  ci.noApsConstraintFlag                          = !m_pcEncCfg->m_alf;
}

void EncGOP::xInitSPS(SPS &sps) const
{
  ProfileTierLevel* profileTierLevel = &sps.profileTierLevel;

  xInitConstraintInfo( profileTierLevel->constraintInfo );

  profileTierLevel->levelIdc      = m_pcEncCfg->m_level;
  profileTierLevel->tierFlag      = m_pcEncCfg->m_levelTier;
  profileTierLevel->profileIdc    = m_pcEncCfg->m_profile;
  profileTierLevel->subProfileIdc.clear();
  profileTierLevel->subProfileIdc.push_back( m_pcEncCfg->m_subProfile );

  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_maxPicWidth != 0 && m_pcEncCfg->m_maxPicHeight != 0 )
  {
    const int minCuSize = std::max( 1 << ( vvenc::MIN_CU_LOG2 + 1 ), 1 << m_pcEncCfg->m_log2MinCodingBlockSize );
    int padRight = 0, padBottom = 0;
    if( m_pcEncCfg->m_maxPicWidth % minCuSize )
    {
      padRight = ( ( m_pcEncCfg->m_maxPicWidth / minCuSize) + 1 ) * minCuSize - m_pcEncCfg->m_maxPicWidth;
    }
    if( m_pcEncCfg->m_maxPicHeight % minCuSize )
    {
      padBottom = ( ( m_pcEncCfg->m_maxPicHeight / minCuSize) + 1 ) * minCuSize - m_pcEncCfg->m_maxPicHeight;
    }
    sps.maxPicWidthInLumaSamples      = m_pcEncCfg->m_maxPicWidth + padRight;
    sps.maxPicHeightInLumaSamples     = m_pcEncCfg->m_maxPicHeight + padBottom;
    
    sps.conformanceWindow.setWindow( 0, padRight, 0, padBottom );
  }
  else
  {
    sps.maxPicWidthInLumaSamples      = m_pcEncCfg->m_PadSourceWidth;
    sps.maxPicHeightInLumaSamples     = m_pcEncCfg->m_PadSourceHeight;
    sps.conformanceWindow.setWindow( m_pcEncCfg->m_confWinLeft, m_pcEncCfg->m_confWinRight, m_pcEncCfg->m_confWinTop, m_pcEncCfg->m_confWinBottom );
  }
  sps.chromaFormatIdc               = m_pcEncCfg->m_internChromaFormat;
  sps.CTUSize                       = m_pcEncCfg->m_CTUSize;
  sps.maxMTTDepth[0]                = m_pcEncCfg->m_maxMTTDepthI;
  int maxMTTDepthVal = m_pcEncCfg->m_maxMTTDepth;
  int minMaxMttD = maxMTTDepthVal % 10;
  while( maxMTTDepthVal )
  {
    minMaxMttD      = std::min( minMaxMttD, maxMTTDepthVal % 10 );
    maxMTTDepthVal /= 10;
  }
  sps.maxMTTDepth[1]                = minMaxMttD;
  sps.maxMTTDepth[2]                = m_pcEncCfg->m_maxMTTDepthIChroma;
  for( int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
  {
    sps.minQTSize[i]                = m_pcEncCfg->m_MinQT[i];
    sps.maxBTSize[i]                = m_pcEncCfg->m_maxBT[i];
    sps.maxTTSize[i]                = m_pcEncCfg->m_maxTT[i];
  }
  sps.minQTSize[2]                <<= getChannelTypeScaleX(CH_C, m_pcEncCfg->m_internChromaFormat);

  sps.maxNumMergeCand               = m_pcEncCfg->m_maxNumMergeCand;
  sps.maxNumAffineMergeCand         = !!m_pcEncCfg->m_Affine ? m_pcEncCfg->m_maxNumAffineMergeCand : 0;
  sps.maxNumGeoCand                 = !!m_pcEncCfg->m_Geo    ? m_pcEncCfg->m_maxNumGeoCand : 0;
  sps.IBC                           = m_pcEncCfg->m_IBCMode != 0;
  sps.maxNumIBCMergeCand            = 6;

  sps.idrRefParamList               = m_pcEncCfg->m_idrRefParamList;
  sps.dualITree                     = m_pcEncCfg->m_dualITree && m_pcEncCfg->m_internChromaFormat != VVENC_CHROMA_400;
  sps.MTS                           = m_pcEncCfg->m_MTS || m_pcEncCfg->m_MTSImplicit;
  sps.SMVD                          = m_pcEncCfg->m_SMVD;
  sps.AMVR                          = m_pcEncCfg->m_AMVRspeed != IMV_OFF;
  sps.LMChroma                      = m_pcEncCfg->m_LMChroma;
  sps.horCollocatedChroma           = m_pcEncCfg->m_horCollocatedChromaFlag;
  sps.verCollocatedChroma           = m_pcEncCfg->m_verCollocatedChromaFlag;
  sps.BDOF                          = m_pcEncCfg->m_BDOF;
  sps.DMVR                          = m_pcEncCfg->m_DMVR;
  sps.Affine                        = m_pcEncCfg->m_Affine;
  sps.PROF                          = m_pcEncCfg->m_PROF;
  sps.ProfPresent                   = m_pcEncCfg->m_PROF;
  sps.AffineType                    = m_pcEncCfg->m_AffineType;
  sps.MMVD                          = m_pcEncCfg->m_MMVD != 0;
  sps.fpelMmvd                      = m_pcEncCfg->m_allowDisFracMMVD;
  sps.GEO                           = m_pcEncCfg->m_Geo != 0;
  sps.MIP                           = m_pcEncCfg->m_MIP;
  sps.MRL                           = m_pcEncCfg->m_MRL;
  sps.BdofPresent                   = m_pcEncCfg->m_BDOF;
  sps.DmvrPresent                   = m_pcEncCfg->m_DMVR;
  sps.partitionOverrideEnabled      = true; // needed for the new MaxMTTDepth logic
  sps.resChangeInClvsEnabled        = m_pcEncCfg->m_resChangeInClvsEnabled;
  sps.rprEnabled                    = m_pcEncCfg->m_rprEnabledFlag != 0;
  sps.log2MinCodingBlockSize        = m_pcEncCfg->m_log2MinCodingBlockSize;
  sps.log2MaxTbSize                 = m_pcEncCfg->m_log2MaxTbSize;
  sps.temporalMVPEnabled            = m_pcEncCfg->m_TMVPModeId == 2 || m_pcEncCfg->m_TMVPModeId == 1;
  sps.LFNST                         = m_pcEncCfg->m_LFNST != 0;
  sps.entropyCodingSyncEnabled      = m_pcEncCfg->m_entropyCodingSyncEnabled;
  sps.entryPointsPresent            = m_pcEncCfg->m_entryPointsPresent;
  sps.depQuantEnabled               = m_pcEncCfg->m_DepQuantEnabled;
  sps.signDataHidingEnabled         = m_pcEncCfg->m_SignDataHidingEnabled;
  sps.MTSIntra                      = m_pcEncCfg->m_MTS ;
  sps.ISP                           = m_pcEncCfg->m_ISP;
  sps.transformSkip                 = m_pcEncCfg->m_TS != 0;
  sps.log2MaxTransformSkipBlockSize = m_pcEncCfg->m_TSsize;
  sps.BDPCM                         = m_pcEncCfg->m_useBDPCM != 0;
  sps.BCW                           = m_pcEncCfg->m_BCW;

  for (uint32_t chType = 0; chType < MAX_NUM_CH; chType++)
  {
    sps.bitDepths.recon[chType]     = m_pcEncCfg->m_internalBitDepth[chType];
    sps.qpBDOffset[chType]          = 6 * (m_pcEncCfg->m_internalBitDepth[chType] - 8);
    sps.internalMinusInputBitDepth[chType] = std::max(0, (m_pcEncCfg->m_internalBitDepth[chType] - m_pcEncCfg->m_inputBitDepth[chType]));
  }

  sps.alfEnabled                    = m_pcEncCfg->m_alf;
  sps.ccalfEnabled                  = m_pcEncCfg->m_ccalf && sps.alfEnabled && m_pcEncCfg->m_internChromaFormat != VVENC_CHROMA_400;

  sps.saoEnabled                    = m_pcEncCfg->m_bUseSAO;
  sps.jointCbCr                     = m_pcEncCfg->m_JointCbCrMode;
  sps.maxTLayers                    = m_pcEncCfg->m_maxTLayer + 1;
  sps.rpl1CopyFromRpl0              = ! m_pcEncCfg->m_picReordering;
  sps.SbtMvp                        = m_pcEncCfg->m_SbTMVP;
  sps.CIIP                          = m_pcEncCfg->m_CIIP != 0;
  sps.SBT                           = m_pcEncCfg->m_SBT != 0;

  CHECK( sps.maxTLayers > VVENC_MAX_TLAYER, "array index out of bounds" );
  for( int i = 0; i < sps.maxTLayers; i++ )
  {
    sps.maxDecPicBuffering[ i ]     = m_gopCfg->getMaxDecPicBuffering()[ i ];
    sps.numReorderPics[ i ]         = m_gopCfg->getNumReorderPics()[ i ];
  }

  sps.vuiParametersPresent          = m_pcEncCfg->m_vuiParametersPresent;

  if (sps.vuiParametersPresent)
  {
    VUI& vui = sps.vuiParameters;
    vui.aspectRatioInfoPresent        = m_pcEncCfg->m_aspectRatioInfoPresent;
    vui.aspectRatioConstantFlag       = true; // false if SampleAspectRatioInfoSEIEnabled, but this SEI is not used
    vui.aspectRatioIdc                = m_pcEncCfg->m_aspectRatioIdc;
    vui.sarWidth                      = m_pcEncCfg->m_sarWidth;
    vui.sarHeight                     = m_pcEncCfg->m_sarHeight;
    vui.colourDescriptionPresent      = m_pcEncCfg->m_colourDescriptionPresent;
    vui.colourPrimaries               = m_pcEncCfg->m_colourPrimaries;
    vui.transferCharacteristics       = m_pcEncCfg->m_transferCharacteristics;
    vui.matrixCoefficients            = m_pcEncCfg->m_matrixCoefficients;
    vui.chromaLocInfoPresent          = m_pcEncCfg->m_chromaLocInfoPresent;
    vui.chromaSampleLocType           = m_pcEncCfg->m_chromaSampleLocType;
    vui.chromaSampleLocTypeTopField   = 0;
    vui.chromaSampleLocTypeBottomField= 0;
    vui.overscanInfoPresent           = m_pcEncCfg->m_overscanInfoPresent;
    vui.overscanAppropriateFlag       = m_pcEncCfg->m_overscanAppropriateFlag;
    vui.videoFullRangeFlag            = m_pcEncCfg->m_videoFullRangeFlag;
  }

  sps.hrdParametersPresent            = m_pcEncCfg->m_hrdParametersPresent;

  sps.numLongTermRefPicSPS            = NUM_LONG_TERM_REF_PIC_SPS;
  CHECK(!(NUM_LONG_TERM_REF_PIC_SPS <= MAX_NUM_LONG_TERM_REF_PICS), "Unspecified error");
  for (int k = 0; k < NUM_LONG_TERM_REF_PIC_SPS; k++)
  {
    sps.ltRefPicPocLsbSps[k]          = 0;
    sps.usedByCurrPicLtSPS[k]         = 0;
  }
  sps.chromaQpMappingTable.m_numQpTables = (m_pcEncCfg->m_chromaQpMappingTableParams.m_sameCQPTableForAllChromaFlag ? 1 : (sps.jointCbCr ? 3 : 2));
  sps.chromaQpMappingTable.setParams(m_pcEncCfg->m_chromaQpMappingTableParams, sps.qpBDOffset[ CH_C ]);
  sps.chromaQpMappingTable.derivedChromaQPMappingTables();
}

void EncGOP::xInitPPS(PPS &pps, const SPS &sps) const
{
  bool bUseDQP = m_pcEncCfg->m_cuQpDeltaSubdiv > 0;
  bUseDQP |= m_pcEncCfg->m_lumaLevelToDeltaQPEnabled == 1;
  bUseDQP |= m_pcEncCfg->m_usePerceptQPA;
  bUseDQP |= m_pcEncCfg->m_blockImportanceMapping;

  if (m_pcEncCfg->m_costMode==VVENC_COST_SEQUENCE_LEVEL_LOSSLESS || m_pcEncCfg->m_costMode==VVENC_COST_LOSSLESS_CODING)
  {
    bUseDQP = false;
  }
  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_maxDeltaQP == 0 )
  {
    bUseDQP = false;
  }

  // pps ID already initialised.
  pps.spsId                         = sps.spsId;
  pps.jointCbCrQpOffsetPresent      = m_pcEncCfg->m_JointCbCrMode;
  pps.picWidthInLumaSamples         = m_pcEncCfg->m_PadSourceWidth;
  pps.picHeightInLumaSamples        = m_pcEncCfg->m_PadSourceHeight;
  if( pps.picWidthInLumaSamples == sps.maxPicWidthInLumaSamples && pps.picHeightInLumaSamples == sps.maxPicHeightInLumaSamples )
  {
    pps.conformanceWindow           = sps.conformanceWindow;
  }
  else
  {
    pps.conformanceWindow.setWindow( m_pcEncCfg->m_confWinLeft, m_pcEncCfg->m_confWinRight, m_pcEncCfg->m_confWinTop, m_pcEncCfg->m_confWinBottom );
  }

  pps.picWidthInCtu                 = (pps.picWidthInLumaSamples + (sps.CTUSize-1)) / sps.CTUSize;
  pps.picHeightInCtu                = (pps.picHeightInLumaSamples + (sps.CTUSize-1)) / sps.CTUSize;
  pps.subPics.clear();
  pps.subPics.resize(1);
  pps.subPics[0].init( pps.picWidthInCtu, pps.picHeightInCtu, pps.picWidthInLumaSamples, pps.picHeightInLumaSamples);
  pps.useDQP                        = bUseDQP;

  if ( m_pcEncCfg->m_cuChromaQpOffsetSubdiv >= 0 )
  {
    //th check how this is configured now    pps.cuChromaQpOffsetSubdiv = m_pcEncCfg->m_cuChromaQpOffsetSubdiv;
    pps.chromaQpOffsetListLen = 0;
    pps.setChromaQpOffsetListEntry(1, 6, 6, 6);
  }

  // fix PPS init QP to 26 or 32 (depending on BD) to make concatenating bitstreams more robust
  pps.picInitQPMinus26 = 6 - sps.qpBDOffset[CH_L] / 2;

  pps.chromaQpOffset[COMP_Y]          = 0;
  pps.chromaQpOffset[COMP_Cb]         = m_pcEncCfg->m_chromaCbQpOffset;
  pps.chromaQpOffset[COMP_Cr]         = m_pcEncCfg->m_chromaCrQpOffset;
  pps.chromaQpOffset[COMP_JOINT_CbCr] = m_pcEncCfg->m_chromaCbCrQpOffset;

  bool bChromaDeltaQPEnabled = false;
  {
    bChromaDeltaQPEnabled = ( m_pcEncCfg->m_sliceChromaQpOffsetIntraOrPeriodic[ 0 ] || m_pcEncCfg->m_sliceChromaQpOffsetIntraOrPeriodic[ 1 ] );
    bChromaDeltaQPEnabled |= (m_pcEncCfg->m_usePerceptQPA || (m_pcEncCfg->m_LookAhead && m_pcRateCtrl->m_pcEncCfg->m_RCTargetBitrate > 0) || m_pcEncCfg->m_sliceChromaQpOffsetPeriodicity > 0) && (m_pcEncCfg->m_internChromaFormat != VVENC_CHROMA_400);
    if( ! bChromaDeltaQPEnabled && sps.dualITree && ( m_pcEncCfg->m_internChromaFormat != VVENC_CHROMA_400 ) )
    {
      bChromaDeltaQPEnabled = (m_pcEncCfg->m_chromaCbQpOffsetDualTree != 0 || m_pcEncCfg->m_chromaCrQpOffsetDualTree != 0 || m_pcEncCfg->m_chromaCbCrQpOffsetDualTree != 0);
    }
    if( ! bChromaDeltaQPEnabled )
    {
      bChromaDeltaQPEnabled = m_gopCfg->isChromaDeltaQPEnabled();
    }
  }
  pps.sliceChromaQpFlag                 = bChromaDeltaQPEnabled;
  pps.outputFlagPresent                 = false;
  pps.deblockingFilterOverrideEnabled   = !m_pcEncCfg->m_loopFilterOffsetInPPS;
  pps.deblockingFilterDisabled          = m_pcEncCfg->m_bLoopFilterDisable;

  if (! pps.deblockingFilterDisabled)
  {
    for( int comp = 0; comp < MAX_NUM_COMP; comp++)
    {
      pps.deblockingFilterBetaOffsetDiv2[comp]  = m_pcEncCfg->m_loopFilterBetaOffsetDiv2[comp];
      pps.deblockingFilterTcOffsetDiv2[comp]    = m_pcEncCfg->m_loopFilterTcOffsetDiv2[comp];
    }
  }

  // deblockingFilterControlPresent is true if any of the settings differ from the inferred values:
  bool deblockingFilterControlPresent   = pps.deblockingFilterOverrideEnabled ||
                                          pps.deblockingFilterDisabled     ||
                                          pps.deblockingFilterBetaOffsetDiv2[COMP_Y] != 0 ||
                                          pps.deblockingFilterTcOffsetDiv2  [COMP_Y] != 0 ||
                                          pps.deblockingFilterBetaOffsetDiv2[COMP_Cb] != 0 ||
                                          pps.deblockingFilterTcOffsetDiv2  [COMP_Cb] != 0 ||
                                          pps.deblockingFilterBetaOffsetDiv2[COMP_Cr] != 0 ||
                                          pps.deblockingFilterTcOffsetDiv2  [COMP_Cr] != 0;

  pps.deblockingFilterControlPresent    = deblockingFilterControlPresent;
  pps.cabacInitPresent                  = m_pcEncCfg->m_cabacInitPresent != 0;
  pps.loopFilterAcrossTilesEnabled      = !m_pcEncCfg->m_bDisableLFCrossTileBoundaryFlag;
  pps.loopFilterAcrossSlicesEnabled     = !m_pcEncCfg->m_bDisableLFCrossSliceBoundaryFlag;
  pps.rpl1IdxPresent                    = sps.rpl1IdxPresent;

  const uint32_t chromaArrayType = (int)sps.separateColourPlane ? CHROMA_400 : sps.chromaFormatIdc;
  if( chromaArrayType != CHROMA_400  )
  {
    bool chromaQPOffsetNotZero = ( pps.chromaQpOffset[COMP_Cb] != 0 || pps.chromaQpOffset[COMP_Cr] != 0 || pps.jointCbCrQpOffsetPresent || pps.sliceChromaQpFlag || pps.chromaQpOffsetListLen );
    bool chromaDbfOffsetNotAsLuma = ( pps.deblockingFilterBetaOffsetDiv2[COMP_Cb] != pps.deblockingFilterBetaOffsetDiv2[COMP_Y]
                                   || pps.deblockingFilterBetaOffsetDiv2[COMP_Cr] != pps.deblockingFilterBetaOffsetDiv2[COMP_Y]
                                   || pps.deblockingFilterTcOffsetDiv2[COMP_Cb] != pps.deblockingFilterTcOffsetDiv2[COMP_Y]
                                   || pps.deblockingFilterTcOffsetDiv2[COMP_Cr] != pps.deblockingFilterTcOffsetDiv2[COMP_Y]);
    pps.usePPSChromaTool = chromaQPOffsetNotZero || chromaDbfOffsetNotAsLuma;
  }

  pps.numRefIdxL0DefaultActive = std::max( m_gopCfg->getDefaultNumActive( 0 ), 1 );
  pps.numRefIdxL1DefaultActive = std::max( m_gopCfg->getDefaultNumActive( 1 ), 1 );
  CHECK( pps.numRefIdxL0DefaultActive > 15, "num default ref index active exceeds maximum value");
  CHECK( pps.numRefIdxL1DefaultActive > 15, "num default ref index active exceeds maximum value");

  pps.noPicPartition = !m_pcEncCfg->m_picPartitionFlag;
  pps.ctuSize        = sps.CTUSize;
  pps.log2CtuSize    = Log2( sps.CTUSize );

  xInitPPSforTiles( pps, sps );

  pps.pcv            = new PreCalcValues( sps, pps, m_pcEncCfg->m_MaxQT );
}

void EncGOP::xInitPPSforTiles(PPS &pps,const SPS &sps) const
{
  pps.numExpTileCols = m_pcEncCfg->m_numExpTileCols;
  pps.numExpTileRows = m_pcEncCfg->m_numExpTileRows;
  pps.numSlicesInPic = m_pcEncCfg->m_numSlicesInPic;

  if( pps.noPicPartition )
  {
    pps.tileColWidth.resize( 1, pps.picWidthInCtu );
    pps.tileRowHeight.resize( 1, pps.picHeightInCtu );
    pps.initTiles();
    pps.sliceMap.clear();
    pps.sliceMap.resize(1);
    pps.sliceMap[0].addCtusToSlice(0, pps.picWidthInCtu, 0, pps.picHeightInCtu, pps.picWidthInCtu);
  }
  else
  {
    for( int i = 0; i < pps.numExpTileCols; i++ )
    {
      pps.tileColWidth.push_back( m_pcEncCfg->m_tileColumnWidth[i] );
    }
    for( int i = 0; i < pps.numExpTileRows; i++ )
    {
      pps.tileRowHeight.push_back( m_pcEncCfg->m_tileRowHeight[i] );
    }
    pps.initTiles();
    pps.rectSlice            = true;
    pps.tileIdxDeltaPresent  = false;
    pps.initRectSliceMap( &sps );
  }
}

void EncGOP::xInitRPL(SPS &sps) const
{
  m_gopCfg->getDefaultRPLLists( sps.rplList[ 0 ], sps.rplList[ 1 ] );

  sps.rpl1IdxPresent = ( sps.rplList[ 0 ].size() != sps.rplList[ 1 ].size() );

  //Check if all delta POC of STRP in each RPL has the same sign
  //Check RPLL0 first
  bool isAllEntriesinRPLHasSameSignFlag = true;
  for( int list = 0; list < 2; list++)
  {
    const RPLList& rplList = sps.rplList[list];
    uint32_t numRPL        = (uint32_t)rplList.size();

    bool isFirstEntry = true;
    bool lastSign = true;        //true = positive ; false = negative
    for (uint32_t ii = 0; isAllEntriesinRPLHasSameSignFlag && ii < numRPL; ii++)
    {
      const ReferencePictureList& rpl = rplList[ii];
      for (uint32_t jj = 0; jj < rpl.numberOfActivePictures; jj++)
      {
        if(rpl.isLongtermRefPic[jj])
          continue;

        if( isFirstEntry )
        {
          lastSign = (rpl.refPicIdentifier[jj] >= 0) ? true : false;
          isFirstEntry = false;
        }
        else
        {
          int ref = ( jj == 0 && !isFirstEntry ) ? 0 : rpl.refPicIdentifier[jj-1];
          if (((rpl.refPicIdentifier[jj] - ref) >= 0 ) != lastSign)
          {
            isAllEntriesinRPLHasSameSignFlag = false;
            break;  // break the inner loop
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  sps.allRplEntriesHasSameSign = isAllEntriesinRPLHasSameSignFlag;

  bool isRpl1CopiedFromRpl0 = ( sps.rplList[ 0 ].size() == sps.rplList[ 1 ].size() );
  for( int i = 0; isRpl1CopiedFromRpl0 && i < (int)sps.rplList[ 0 ].size(); i++)
  {
    isRpl1CopiedFromRpl0 = ( sps.rplList[0][i].getNumRefEntries() == sps.rplList[1][i].getNumRefEntries() );
    if( isRpl1CopiedFromRpl0 )
    {
      for( int j = 0; j < sps.rplList[0][i].getNumRefEntries(); j++ )
      {
        if( sps.rplList[0][i].refPicIdentifier[j] != sps.rplList[1][i].refPicIdentifier[j] )
        {
          isRpl1CopiedFromRpl0 = false;
          break;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  sps.rpl1CopyFromRpl0 = isRpl1CopiedFromRpl0;
}

void EncGOP::xInitHrdParameters(SPS &sps)
{
  m_EncHRD.initHRDParameters( *m_pcEncCfg, sps );

  sps.generalHrdParams = m_EncHRD.generalHrdParams;

  for(int i = 0; i < VVENC_MAX_TLAYER; i++)
  {
    sps.olsHrdParams[i] = m_EncHRD.olsHrdParams[i];
  }
}

/** Function for deciding the nal_unit_type.
 */

vvencNalUnitType EncGOP::xGetNalUnitType( const GOPEntry* _gopEntry ) const
{
  const GOPEntry& gopEntry = *_gopEntry;

  if( gopEntry.m_POC == 0 && m_pcEncCfg->m_poc0idr )
  {
    return VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_IDR_N_LP;
  }

  if( gopEntry.m_isStartOfIntra )
  {
    if( m_pcEncCfg->m_DecodingRefreshType == VVENC_DRT_CRA || m_pcEncCfg->m_DecodingRefreshType == VVENC_DRT_CRA_CRE )
    {
      if( m_lastIDR == 0 && !m_pcEncCfg->m_poc0idr )
      {
        return VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_IDR_W_RADL;
      }
      else
      {
        return VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_CRA;
      }
    }
    else if( m_pcEncCfg->m_DecodingRefreshType == VVENC_DRT_IDR_NO_RADL )
    {
      return VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_IDR_N_LP;
    }
    else
    {
      return VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_IDR_W_RADL;
    }
  }

  if( m_pocCRA > 0 && gopEntry.m_POC < m_pocCRA )
  {
    // All leading pictures are being marked as TFD pictures here since current encoder uses all
    // reference pictures while encoding leading pictures. An encoder can ensure that a leading
    // picture can be still decodable when random accessing to a CRA/CRANT/BLA/BLANT picture by
    // controlling the reference pictures used for encoding that leading picture. Such a leading
    // picture need not be marked as a TFD picture.
    return VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_RASL;
  }

  if( m_lastIDR > 0 && gopEntry.m_POC < m_lastIDR && m_pcEncCfg->m_DecodingRefreshType != VVENC_DRT_IDR_NO_RADL )
  {
    return VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_RADL;
  }

  return VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_TRAIL;
}

bool EncGOP::xIsSliceTemporalSwitchingPoint( const Slice* slice, const PicList& picList ) const
{
  if( slice->TLayer <= 0
      || slice->nalUnitType == VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_RADL
      || slice->nalUnitType == VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_RASL
      || ! slice->isStepwiseTemporalLayerSwitchingPointCandidate( picList ) )
  {
    return false;
  }

  const GOPEntry& gopEntry = *(slice->pic->gopEntry);
  const bool isSTSA        = gopEntry.m_isSTSA;
  return isSTSA;
}

void EncGOP::xSetupPicAps( Picture* pic )
{
  // manage global APS list
  m_globalApsList.push_back( new PicApsGlobal( pic->poc, pic->TLayer ) );
  CHECK( pic->picApsGlobal != nullptr, "Top level APS ptr must be nullptr" );

  // the max size of global APS list is more than enough to support parallelization 
  // additional +2 offset, due two max possible processing delay of two GOPs (Threads=1 mode)
  if( m_globalApsList.size() > ( std::max( (int)MAX_NUM_APS, m_pcEncCfg->m_GOPSize ) * ( m_pcEncCfg->m_maxParallelFrames + 2 ) ) )
  {
    if( m_globalApsList.front()->refCnt == 0 )
    {
      delete m_globalApsList.front();
      m_globalApsList.pop_front();
    }
  }

  pic->picApsGlobal = m_globalApsList.back();

  // determine reference APS
  const bool mtPicParallel = m_pcEncCfg->m_numThreads > 0;
  if( mtPicParallel && pic->slices[0]->isIntra() )
  {
    // reset APS propagation on Intra-Slice in MT-mode
    return;
  }

  // get previous APS (in coding order) to propagate from it
  // in parallelization case (parallel pictures), we refer to APS from lower temporal layer
  // NOTE: elements in the global APS list are following in coding order

  PicApsGlobal* refAps = nullptr;
  auto curApsItr = std::find_if( m_globalApsList.begin(), m_globalApsList.end(), [pic]( auto p ) { return p->poc == pic->poc; } );
  CHECK( curApsItr == m_globalApsList.end(), "Should not happen" );

  if( curApsItr != m_globalApsList.begin() )
  {
    if( mtPicParallel )
    {
      auto r_begin = std::reverse_iterator<std::deque<PicApsGlobal*>::iterator>(curApsItr);
      auto r_end   = std::reverse_iterator<std::deque<PicApsGlobal*>::iterator>(m_globalApsList.begin());
      auto refApsItr = ( pic->TLayer > 0 ) ? std::find_if( r_begin, r_end, [pic]( auto p ) { return p->tid  < pic->TLayer; } ):
                                             std::find_if( r_begin, r_end, [pic]( auto p ) { return p->tid == pic->TLayer; } );
      if( refApsItr == r_end )
        return;
      refAps = *refApsItr;
    }
    else
    {
      curApsItr--;
      refAps = *curApsItr;
    }
    if( refAps )
      refAps->refCnt++;
  }

  //CHECK( !refAps, "Faied to get reference APS" );
  pic->refApsGlobal = refAps;
}

void EncGOP::xAnalyzeFilmGrain( Picture& pic )
{
  // Pictures come here in coding order. Analyzing them here rather than when their encoding starts keeps the choice
  // of analyzed pictures, and the parameters each access unit signals, independent of the parallel encoding order.
  // The analysis needs the MCTF-filtered picture and runs at most once per GOP size.
  const int  prevAnalysisPoc    = m_fgAnalyzer.prevAnalysisPoc;
  const bool isNearLastAnalysis = prevAnalysisPoc != -1 && abs( pic.getPOC() - prevAnalysisPoc ) < m_pcEncCfg->m_GOPSize;
  if( isNearLastAnalysis || !pic.getFilteredOrigBuffer().valid() )
  {
    return;
  }

  m_fgAnalyzer.estimateGrainParameters( &pic );
  m_fgAnalyzer.prevAnalysisPoc = pic.getPOC();
  m_fgaResults.push_back( { pic.gopEntry->m_codingNum, FilmGrainParam( m_fgAnalyzer ) } );
}

void EncGOP::xInitPicsInCodingOrder( const PicList& picList )
{
  CHECK( m_pcEncCfg->m_maxParallelFrames <= 0 && m_gopEncListInput.size() > 0,  "no frame parallel processing enabled, but multiple pics in flight" );
  CHECK( m_pcEncCfg->m_maxParallelFrames <= 0 && m_gopEncListOutput.size() > 0, "no frame parallel processing enabled, but multiple pics in flight" );

  // loop over pic list, which is sorted in coding number order 
  for( auto it = picList.begin(); it != picList.end(); ++it )
  {
    auto pic = (*it);
    // skip pics, which have already been initialized
    if( pic->isInitDone )
      continue;

    // update visual activity for last start of GOP picture
    // this may have been changed in the shared picture data due to fixStartOfLastGop()
    if( pic->gopEntry->m_isStartOfGop && picList.back()->isFlush )
    {
      xUpdateVAStartOfLastGop( *pic );
    }

    // GOP QP adjustments
    if( (m_pcEncCfg->m_rateCap || m_pcEncCfg->m_GOPQPA || m_pcEncCfg->m_usePerceptQPA) && pic->gopEntry->m_isStartOfGop )
    {
      // note: in case of rate cap, wait until the complete GOP is in the list and update-list is empty
      if( !m_pcEncCfg->m_rateCap ||
        ((pic->gopEntry->m_gopNum != picList.back()->gopEntry->m_gopNum || picList.back()->isFlush) && m_rcUpdateList.empty()) )
      {
        xInitGopQpCascade( *pic, it, picList );
      }
      else
      {
        // rate cap: wait until the condition is met
        break;
      }
    }

    // continue with next pic in increasing coding number order
    if( pic->gopEntry->m_codingNum != m_lastCodingNum + 1 && ! picList.back()->isFlush )
      break;

    CHECK( m_lastCodingNum == -1 && ! pic->gopEntry->m_isStartOfIntra, "encoding should start with an I-Slice" );

    xForceScc( *pic );

    // initialize slice header
    pic->encTime.startTimer();
    xInitFirstSlice( *pic, picList, false );
    pic->encTime.stopTimer();

    // pictures ready for encoding
    m_gopEncListInput.push_back( pic );
    m_gopEncListOutput.push_back( pic );

    if( m_pcEncCfg->m_alf && m_pcEncCfg->m_alfTempPred )
    {
        xSetupPicAps( pic );
    }

    if( m_pcEncCfg->m_fga && !m_isPreAnalysis && m_pcRateCtrl->rcIsFinalPass )
    {
      xAnalyzeFilmGrain( *pic );
    }

    // continue with next picture
    m_lastCodingNum = pic->gopEntry->m_codingNum;

    // in single threading initialize only one picture per encoding loop
    if( m_pcEncCfg->m_maxParallelFrames <= 0 )
      break;
  }

  CHECK( !(m_pcEncCfg->m_rateCap || m_pcEncCfg->m_GOPQPA || m_pcEncCfg->m_usePerceptQPA) && picList.size() && m_pcEncCfg->m_maxParallelFrames <= 0 && m_gopEncListInput.size() != 1,  "no new picture for encoding found" );
  CHECK( !(m_pcEncCfg->m_rateCap || m_pcEncCfg->m_GOPQPA || m_pcEncCfg->m_usePerceptQPA) && picList.size() && m_pcEncCfg->m_maxParallelFrames <= 0 && m_gopEncListOutput.size() != 1, "no new picture for encoding found" );
}

void EncGOP::xUpdateRcIfp()
{
  // deterministic behavior: RC update on next finished frame in sliding window coding order,
  //                         evaluate only one finished frame at front of the list that makes place for the next frame
  //                         whose parameters can be set using the finished frame bits info
  //
  // non-deterministic behavior: RC update on any finished frame

#if IFP_RC_DETERMINISTIC
  if( m_rcUpdateList.front()->isReconstructed && m_rcUpdateList.back()->encRCPic && ( m_rcUpdateList.front()->isFlush || m_rcUpdateList.size() == m_pcEncCfg->m_maxParallelFrames ) )
  {   
#endif
    for( auto it = m_rcUpdateList.begin(); it != m_rcUpdateList.end(); )
    {
      auto pic = *it;
      if( pic->isReconstructed )
      {
        pic->actualTotalBits = pic->sliceDataStreams[0].getNumberOfWrittenBits();
        pic->refCounter--;
        m_pcRateCtrl->updateAfterPicEncRC( pic );
        it = m_rcUpdateList.erase( it );
      }
      else
      {
        ++it;
      }
#if IFP_RC_DETERMINISTIC
      // in deterministic case, only one frame is allowed to update the RC
      break;
#endif
    }
#if IFP_RC_DETERMINISTIC
  }
#endif
}

inline bool getReorderedProcList( std::list<Picture*>& inputList, std::list<Picture*>& procList, const int maxSize, bool isIFP, bool restrictToGOP )
{
  // deliver frames of the same TID (temporal layer) and from the same GOP
  const int procTL = inputList.size() ? inputList.front()->TLayer             : -1;
  const int gopNum = inputList.size() ? inputList.front()->gopEntry->m_gopNum : -1;
  bool added = false;
  for( auto it = inputList.begin(); it != inputList.end(); )
  {
    auto pic = *it;
    if( ( pic->gopEntry->m_gopNum == gopNum || !restrictToGOP )
        && pic->TLayer == procTL
        && ( isIFP ? pic->slices[ 0 ]->checkAllRefPicsAccessible(): pic->slices[ 0 ]->checkAllRefPicsReconstructed() ) )
    {
      pic->isInProcessList = true;
      procList.push_back  ( pic );
      it = inputList.erase( it );
      added = true;
    }
    else
    {
      ++it;
    }
    if( (int)procList.size() >= maxSize )
      break;
  }
  return added;
}

inline void getProcListForOneGOP( std::list<Picture*>& inputList, std::list<Picture*>& procList )
{
  // provide frames of the same GOP
  const int gopNum = inputList.size() ? inputList.front()->gopEntry->m_gopNum : -1;
  for( auto it = inputList.begin(); it != inputList.end(); )
  {
    auto pic = *it;
    if( pic->gopEntry->m_gopNum == gopNum )
    {
      procList.push_back  ( pic );
      it = inputList.erase( it );
    }
    else
    {
      ++it;
    }
  }
}

void EncGOP::xGetProcessingLists( std::list<Picture*>& procList, std::list<Picture*>& rcUpdateList, const bool lockStepMode )
{
  // in lockstep mode, frames are reordered in a specific processing order
  if( lockStepMode )
  {
    if( m_pcEncCfg->m_ifpLines )
    {
      // prepare reordered list
      // we need an additional reordering list to ensure causality of the coding order (ref.pics) on irregular GOP structures
      // in the first step, the reordered list is filled
      // in the second, the frames from reordered list are moved to proc. list up to required update-list size
      const int maxUpdateListSize = m_pcEncCfg->m_maxParallelFrames;
      if( rcUpdateList.size() < maxUpdateListSize && ( !m_gopEncListInput.empty() || !m_rcInputReorderList.empty()))
      {
        while( rcUpdateList.size() < maxUpdateListSize && ( !m_gopEncListInput.empty() || !m_rcInputReorderList.empty()) )
        {
          if( !m_rcInputReorderList.empty() )
          {
            auto pic = m_rcInputReorderList.front();
            m_rcInputReorderList.pop_front();
            pic->refCounter++;
            procList.push_back( pic );
            rcUpdateList.push_back( pic );
          }
          else
          {
            while( m_rcInputReorderList.size() < maxUpdateListSize && !m_gopEncListInput.empty() )
            {
              getReorderedProcList( m_gopEncListInput, m_rcInputReorderList, maxUpdateListSize, true, true );
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
    else if( rcUpdateList.empty() )
    {
      // retrieve next lockstep chunk from reordered list
      const int procTL         = m_gopEncListInput.size() ? m_gopEncListInput.front()->TLayer : -1;
      const int minSerialDepth = m_pcEncCfg->m_maxParallelFrames > 2 ? 1 : 2;  // up to this temporal layer encode pictures only in serial mode
      const int maxSize        = procTL <= minSerialDepth ? 1 : m_pcEncCfg->m_maxParallelFrames;
      getReorderedProcList( m_gopEncListInput, procList, maxSize, false, true );
      std::copy( procList.begin(), procList.end(), std::back_inserter(rcUpdateList) );
    }
  }
  else
  {
    // regular coding mode (non-RC)
    // in case of IFP, using the reordered list brings an additional speedup
    if( m_pcEncCfg->m_ifpLines )
    {
      const size_t inputListSize = m_gopEncListInput.size();

      // in case of GOP parallel processing, we do not put all the frames from the current GOP in proc.list.
      // the reason for this is that we want to add frames from the next GOP as soon as possible.
      const size_t targetProcListSize = procList.size() + (m_pcEncCfg->m_numParallelGOPs ? m_pcEncCfg->m_maxParallelFrames: inputListSize);

      while( !m_gopEncListInput.empty() && procList.size() < targetProcListSize )
      {
        if( !getReorderedProcList( m_gopEncListInput, procList, (int)procList.size() + m_pcEncCfg->m_maxParallelFrames, true, !m_pcEncCfg->m_numParallelGOPs ) )
          break;
      }
      if( m_gopEncListInput.size() == inputListSize )
        msg.log( VVENC_WARNING, "Processing list derivation: attempting to run in a deadlock" );
    }
    else
    {
      if( m_pcEncCfg->m_rateCap ) // TODO helmrich: what about || *->m_GOPQPA?
      {
        // ensure that procList contains only pictures from one GOP
        getProcListForOneGOP( m_gopEncListInput, procList );
      }
      else
      {
        // just pass the input list to processing list
        procList.splice( procList.end(), m_gopEncListInput );
        m_gopEncListInput.clear();
      }
    }
    if( m_pcEncCfg->m_RCTargetBitrate > 0 || m_pcEncCfg->m_rateCap || m_pcEncCfg->m_ifpLines )
    {
      // update-list is used for RC, RateCapping or IFP
      std::copy( procList.begin(), procList.end(), std::back_inserter( rcUpdateList ) );
    }
  }
  CHECK( ! rcUpdateList.empty() && m_gopEncListOutput.empty(), "first picture in RC update and in output list have to be the same" );
}

void EncGOP::xUpdateRateCap()
{
  for( auto it = m_rcUpdateList.begin(); it != m_rcUpdateList.end(); )
  {
    auto pic = *it;
    if( pic->isReconstructed )
    {
      const unsigned uibits = pic->sliceDataStreams[0].getNumberOfWrittenBits();

      if( !pic->gopEntry->m_isStartOfIntra && pic->gopEntry->m_scType == SCT_NONE )
      {
        xUpdateRateCapBits( pic, uibits );
      }
      else if( pic->gopEntry->m_isStartOfIntra && pic->gopEntry->m_gopNum == 0 && pic->poc < m_pcEncCfg->m_GOPSize && m_rcap.accumTargetBits * (uint32_t) m_pcEncCfg->m_GOPSize < uibits )
      {
        m_rcap.accumActualBits += uibits - m_rcap.accumTargetBits * (uint32_t) m_pcEncCfg->m_GOPSize; // capped CQF: compensate for overspending in first I-frame
      }

      it = m_rcUpdateList.erase( it );
    }
    else
    {
      ++it;
    }
  }
}

void EncGOP::xUpdateRateCapBits( const Picture* pic, const uint32_t uibits )
{
  // try to adjust the rate for the first GOP on the scene-cut (or start of the sequence)
  if( pic->gopEntry->m_isStartOfGop )
  {
    m_rcap.gopAdaptedQPAdj = 0;
  }
  else if( pic->isSceneCutCheckAdjQP )
  {
    CHECK( uibits == 0 || m_rcap.accumTargetBits == 0, "Not expected" );
    const double f = std::min (1.5, pow (uibits / double (3u * m_rcap.accumTargetBits), 0.25));
    if( f > 1.0 )
    {
      const Slice* slice = pic->slices[0];
      const double d = (105.0 / 128.0) * sqrt( (double)std::max( 1, slice->sliceQp ) ) * log( f ) / log( 2.0 );
      m_rcap.gopAdaptedQPAdj = int(d + 0.5);
      m_rcap.nonRateCapEstim = f;
      //uibits = 3u * m_rcap.AccumTargetBits; // can be used to avoid overweighting of TL1 picture
    }
  }
  m_rcap.accumActualBits += unsigned (0.5 + uibits * m_rcap.nonRateCapEstim);
}

void EncGOP::xUpdateVAStartOfLastGop( Picture& keyPic ) const
{
  keyPic.picVA = keyPic.m_picShared->m_picVA;
}

void EncGOP::xInitGopQpCascade( Picture& keyPic, PicList::const_iterator picListBegin, const PicList& picList )
{
  CHECK( !keyPic.gopEntry->m_isStartOfGop, "Expecting key picture as start of GOP")
  uint32_t gopMotEstCount = 0, gopMotEstError = 0;
  const double resRatio4K = double (m_pcEncCfg->m_SourceWidth * m_pcEncCfg->m_SourceHeight) / (3840.0 * 2160.0);
  const bool isHighRes    = (std::min (m_pcEncCfg->m_SourceWidth, m_pcEncCfg->m_SourceHeight) > 1280);
  const int gopNum        = keyPic.gopEntry->m_gopNum;
  const bool keyPicIsIdrNLP      = xGetNalUnitType(keyPic.gopEntry) == VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_IDR_N_LP;
  PicList::const_iterator picItr = picListBegin;
  const bool nextKeyPicAfterIDR  = keyPicIsIdrNLP && (++picItr != picList.end()) && (*picItr)->gopEntry->m_isStartOfGop;

  int dQP = 0;
  double qpStart = 24.0;
  unsigned num = 0, sum = 0;
  unsigned nSC = 0, sSC = 0;
  uint8_t gopMinNoiseLevels[QPA_MAX_NOISE_LEVELS];

  std::fill_n (gopMinNoiseLevels, QPA_MAX_NOISE_LEVELS, 255u);

  // get spatial activity of current and previous TL0 pic
  int spVisActTL0[2] = { 0, 0 };
  for( auto ch : { CH_L, CH_C } )
  {
    const int count = ( keyPic.picVA.spatAct[ ch ] > 0 && keyPic.picVA.prevTL0spatAct[ ch ] > 0 ) ? 2 : 1;
    spVisActTL0[ch] = ( keyPic.picVA.spatAct[ ch ] + keyPic.picVA.prevTL0spatAct[ ch ] + ( count >> 1 ) ) / count;
  }

  for (auto picItr = picListBegin; picItr != picList.end(); ++picItr)
  {
    auto pic = (*picItr);
    if( pic->gopEntry->m_gopNum == gopNum )
    {
      if( pic->m_picShared->m_picMotEstError > 0 )
      {
        CHECK( pic->isInitDone, "try to modify GOP qp of picture, which has already been initialized" );
        // summarize motion errors of all MCTF filtered pictures in GOP
        gopMotEstCount++;
        gopMotEstError += pic->m_picShared->m_picMotEstError;
        // go through ranges, search per-range minimum in GOP
        for (int i = 0; i < QPA_MAX_NOISE_LEVELS; i++)
        {
          gopMinNoiseLevels[i] = std::min<uint8_t> (gopMinNoiseLevels[i], pic->m_picShared->m_minNoiseLevels[i]);
        }
      }
      nSC++;
      sSC += (pic->isSccStrong ? 1 : 0) + (pic->isSccWeak ? 1 : 0);

      if( pic == &keyPic && nextKeyPicAfterIDR ) // consider a virtual GOP containing only one IDR pic
        break;
    }
  }

  gopMotEstError = (gopMotEstError + (gopMotEstCount >> 1)) / std::max (1u, gopMotEstCount);

  for (int i = 0; i < QPA_MAX_NOISE_LEVELS; i++) // go through ranges again, find overall min-average in GOP
  {
    if (gopMinNoiseLevels[i] < 255)
    {
      num++;
      sum += gopMinNoiseLevels[i];
    }
  }

  // force 2nd-order filter
  const bool f2O = (m_pcEncCfg->m_usePerceptQPA) && (sSC >= (nSC >> 1)) && (sum < 18 * num); // low-noise SC
  
  // adapt GOP's QP offsets
  if (num > 0 && sum > 0)
  {
    qpStart += 0.5 * (6.0 * log ((double) sum / (double) num) / log (2.0) - 1.0 - 24.0); // see RateCtrl.cpp
    if (m_pcEncCfg->m_GOPQPA)
    {
      if (((qpStart > 29) && (spVisActTL0[CH_L] > 600)) ||
          ((qpStart > 27) && (spVisActTL0[CH_L] > 850)) || (spVisActTL0[CH_L] > 1300))
      {
        dQP += 1;
      }
      if ((qpStart < 24) && (spVisActTL0[CH_L] < 400))
      {
        dQP -= 1;
      }
    }
  }
  qpStart += log (resRatio4K) / log (2.0); // ICIP23 paper

  if (keyPic.gopEntry->m_scType == SCT_TL0_SCENE_CUT)
  {
    m_rcap.reset();
  }

  // derive rate capping parameters
  if (m_pcEncCfg->m_rateCap)
  {
    const int bDepth = m_pcEncCfg->m_internalBitDepth[CH_L];
    const int intraP = Clip3(m_pcEncCfg->m_GOPSize, 4 * VVENC_MAX_GOP, m_pcEncCfg->m_IntraPeriod);
    const int visAct = std::max(uint16_t(spVisActTL0[CH_L] >> (12 - bDepth)), keyPic.picVA.visAct); // when vaY=0
    const double apa = sqrt((m_pcEncCfg->m_internalUsePerceptQPATempFiltISlice ? 32.0 : 16.0) * double(1 << (2 * bDepth - 10)) / sqrt(resRatio4K)); // average picture activity
    const int auxOff = (m_pcEncCfg->m_blockImportanceMapping && !keyPic.m_picShared->m_ctuBimQpOffset.empty() ? keyPic.m_picShared->m_picAuxQpOffset : 0) + dQP;
    const int iFrmQP = std::min(MAX_QP, m_pcEncCfg->m_QP + m_pcEncCfg->m_intraQPOffset + auxOff + int(floor(3.0 * log(visAct / apa) / log(2.0) + 0.5)));
    const int qp32BC = int(16384.0 + 7.21875 * pow((double)spVisActTL0[CH_L], 4.0 / 3.0) + 1.46875 * pow((double)spVisActTL0[CH_C], 4.0 / 3.0)) * (isHighRes ? 96 : 24); // TODO hlm
    const int iFrmBC = int(0.5 + qp32BC * pow(2.0, (32.0 - iFrmQP) * 11.0 / 64.0) * pow(resRatio4K, 2.0 / 3.0)); // * HD tuning
    const int  shift = (gopMotEstError < 32 ? 5 - (gopMotEstError >> 4) : 3);
    if (keyPic.m_picShared->m_picMotEstError >= 256) gopMotEstError >>= 2; else // avoid 2 much capping at cuts
    if (gopMotEstError >= 120) /*TODO tune this*/ gopMotEstError >>= 1;
    const int bFrmBC = int((4.0 * iFrmBC * (intraP - 1)) / sqrt((double)std::max(spVisActTL0[CH_L], spVisActTL0[CH_C])) * std::max(int(gopMotEstError * gopMotEstError) >> (bDepth / 2), (keyPic.picVA.visActTL0 - visAct) >> shift) * pow(2.0, -1.0 * bDepth));
    const int meanGopSizeInIntraP = intraP / ((intraP + m_pcEncCfg->m_GOPSize - 1) / m_pcEncCfg->m_GOPSize);

    const double eps = 1.0 - 1.0 / double(1u << std::min(31u, m_rcap.accumGopCounter));
    const double nonKeyPicsFactor = (m_rcap.accumTargetBits == 0) ? 1.0 : pow((double)m_rcap.accumActualBits / ((meanGopSizeInIntraP - 1.0) * m_rcap.accumTargetBits), eps);
    const unsigned bFrmBC_final = bFrmBC * nonKeyPicsFactor;
    const unsigned targetBits = (unsigned)((bFrmBC + (intraP >> 1)) / (intraP - 1));
    m_rcap.accumTargetBits += targetBits;
    if (keyPic.gopEntry->m_isStartOfIntra && keyPic.gopEntry->m_gopNum == 0 && keyPic.poc < m_pcEncCfg->m_GOPSize && m_rcap.accumTargetBits * (int64_t)intraP < iFrmBC)
    {
      m_rcap.accumTargetBits = (iFrmBC + (intraP >> 1)) / intraP;
    }
    m_rcap.nonRateCapEstim = 1.0;     // changed in case of capping
    m_rcap.gopAdaptedQPAdj = 0;       // changed in first GOP of scene

    const int  gopQP = (iFrmQP + MAX_QP + 1) >> 1;
    const double fac = double(m_pcEncCfg->m_FrameScale * intraP) / m_pcEncCfg->m_FrameRate;
    const double mBC = (m_pcEncCfg->m_RCMaxBitrate > 0 && m_pcEncCfg->m_RCMaxBitrate != INT32_MAX ? m_pcEncCfg->m_RCMaxBitrate * fac : 0.0);

    if (mBC > 0.0 && iFrmBC + bFrmBC_final > mBC) // max. I-period bit-count exceeded
    {
      m_rcap.nonRateCapEstim = double(iFrmBC + bFrmBC_final) / mBC;
      const double d = std::max(0, gopQP) + (105.0 / 128.0) * sqrt((double)std::max(1, gopQP)) * log(m_rcap.nonRateCapEstim) / log(2.0);

      dQP += Clip3(0, MAX_QP, int(0.5 + d + 0.5 * std::max(0.0, qpStart - d))) - std::max(0, gopQP);
    }
  }

  // assign dQP to pictures 
  for (auto picItr = picListBegin; picItr != picList.end(); ++picItr)
  {
    auto pic = (*picItr);
    if( pic->gopEntry->m_gopNum == gopNum )
    {
      pic->gopAdaptedQP = dQP;
      pic->force2ndOrder = f2O;
    }
    if( pic == &keyPic && nextKeyPicAfterIDR ) // consider a virtual GOP containing only one IDR pic
      break;
  }

  keyPic.gopAdaptedQP = dQP; // TODO: add any additional key-frame offset here
  keyPic.force2ndOrder = f2O;
  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_disableForce2ndOderFilter )
  {
    keyPic.force2ndOrder = false;
  }

  if(m_pcEncCfg->m_rateCap)
  {
    // enable QP adjustment after coded Intra in the first GOP or on a scene cut
    // NOTE: on some scene cuts, in case of low motion activity, targetBits equals zero (QPA)
    if(m_rcap.accumGopCounter == 0 && m_rcap.accumTargetBits > 0 && !nextKeyPicAfterIDR)
    {
      for(auto picItr = picListBegin; picItr != picList.end(); ++picItr)
      {
        auto pic = (*picItr);
        // just on the next picture in decoding order after start of GOP
        if(pic->gopEntry->m_gopNum == gopNum && !pic->gopEntry->m_isStartOfGop)
        {
          pic->isSceneCutCheckAdjQP = true;
          break;
        }
      }
      for(auto picItr = picListBegin; picItr != picList.end(); ++picItr)
      {
        auto pic = (*picItr);
        if(pic->gopEntry->m_gopNum == gopNum && !pic->gopEntry->m_isStartOfGop && !pic->isSceneCutCheckAdjQP)
        {
          pic->isSceneCutGOP = true;
        }
      }
    }
    m_rcap.accumGopCounter++;
  }
}

void EncGOP::xInitFirstSlice( Picture& pic, const PicList& picList, bool isEncodeLtRef )
{
  memset( pic.cs->alfAps, 0, sizeof(pic.cs->alfAps));

  const int curPoc          = pic.getPOC();
  Slice* slice              = pic.allocateNewSlice();
  pic.cs->picHeader         = new PicHeader;
  const SPS& sps            = *(slice->sps);
  vvencNalUnitType naluType = xGetNalUnitType( pic.gopEntry );
  const GOPEntry& gopEntry  = *pic.gopEntry;
  SliceType sliceType       = gopEntry.m_sliceType == 'B' ? VVENC_B_SLICE : ( gopEntry.m_sliceType == 'P' ? VVENC_P_SLICE : VVENC_I_SLICE );

  // correct slice type at start of intra period
  if( gopEntry.m_isStartOfIntra )
  {
    sliceType = VVENC_I_SLICE;
  }

  // update IRAP
  if( naluType == VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_IDR_W_RADL
      || naluType == VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_IDR_N_LP
      || naluType == VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_CRA )
  {
    m_associatedIRAPType = naluType;
    m_associatedIRAPPOC  = curPoc;
  }

  // update last IDR
  if( naluType == VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_IDR_W_RADL || naluType == VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_IDR_N_LP )
  {
    m_lastIDR = curPoc;
  }

  slice->picHeader                 = pic.cs->picHeader;
  slice->independentSliceIdx       = 0;
  slice->sliceType                 = sliceType;
  slice->poc                       = curPoc;
  slice->TLayer                    = gopEntry.m_temporalId;
  slice->nalUnitType               = naluType;
  slice->lastIDR                   = m_lastIDR;
  slice->depQuantEnabled           = m_pcEncCfg->m_DepQuantEnabled;
  slice->signDataHidingEnabled     = m_pcEncCfg->m_SignDataHidingEnabled;

  slice->picHeader->splitConsOverride = false;
  for( int i = 0; i < 3; i++ )
  {
    slice->picHeader->minQTSize[i]   = sps.minQTSize[i];
    slice->picHeader->maxMTTDepth[i] = sps.maxMTTDepth[i];
    slice->picHeader->maxBTSize[i]   = sps.maxBTSize[i];
    slice->picHeader->maxTTSize[i]   = sps.maxTTSize[i];
    if( ( i == 1 ) && ( m_pcEncCfg->m_maxMTTDepth >= 10 ) )
    {
      slice->picHeader->maxMTTDepth[i]    = int( m_pcEncCfg->m_maxMTTDepth / pow( 10, sps.maxTLayers - slice->TLayer - 1 ) ) % 10;
      slice->picHeader->splitConsOverride = slice->picHeader->maxMTTDepth[i] != sps.maxMTTDepth[i];
    }
  }

  slice->associatedIRAPType        = m_associatedIRAPType;
  slice->associatedIRAP            = m_associatedIRAPPOC;
  CHECK( MAX_REF_PICS <= gopEntry.m_numRefPicsActive[ 0 ], "number of ref pics out of supported range" );
  CHECK( MAX_REF_PICS <= gopEntry.m_numRefPicsActive[ 1 ], "number of ref pics out of supported range" );
  slice->numRefIdx[REF_PIC_LIST_0] = gopEntry.m_numRefPicsActive[ 0 ];
  slice->numRefIdx[REF_PIC_LIST_1] = gopEntry.m_numRefPicsActive[ 1 ];
  slice->setDecodingRefreshMarking ( m_pocCRA, m_bRefreshPending, picList );
  slice->setDefaultClpRng          ( sps );

  // reference list
  xSelectReferencePictureList( slice );
  int missingPoc;
  int ipc = ( m_pcEncCfg->m_DecodingRefreshType == VVENC_DRT_IDR_NO_RADL ) ? m_pcEncCfg->m_IntraPeriod : 0;
  if ( slice->isRplPicMissing( picList, REF_PIC_LIST_0, missingPoc, ipc ) || slice->isRplPicMissing( picList, REF_PIC_LIST_1, missingPoc, ipc ) )
  {
    slice->createExplicitReferencePictureSetFromReference( picList, slice->rpl[0], slice->rpl[1], ipc );
  }
  slice->applyReferencePictureListBasedMarking( picList, slice->rpl[0], slice->rpl[1], 0, *slice->pps, m_pcEncCfg->m_numThreads == 0 );

  // nalu type refinement
  if ( xIsSliceTemporalSwitchingPoint( slice, picList ) )
  {
    naluType = VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_STSA;
    slice->nalUnitType = naluType;
  }

  const int maxTLayer  = m_pcEncCfg->m_picReordering && m_pcEncCfg->m_GOPSize > 1 ? vvenc::ceilLog2( m_pcEncCfg->m_GOPSize ) : 0;
  const int numRefCode = pic.useNumRefs ? m_pcEncCfg->m_numRefPicsSCC : m_pcEncCfg->m_numRefPics;
  const int tLayer     = slice->TLayer;
  const int numRefs    = numRefCode < 10 ? numRefCode : ( int( numRefCode / pow( 10, maxTLayer - tLayer ) ) % 10 );

  // reference list
  slice->numRefIdx[REF_PIC_LIST_0] = sliceType == VVENC_I_SLICE ? 0 : ( numRefs ? std::min( numRefs, slice->rpl[0]->numberOfActivePictures ) : slice->rpl[0]->numberOfActivePictures );
  slice->numRefIdx[REF_PIC_LIST_1] = sliceType != VVENC_B_SLICE ? 0 : ( numRefs ? std::min( numRefs, slice->rpl[1]->numberOfActivePictures ) : slice->rpl[1]->numberOfActivePictures );
  slice->constructRefPicList  ( picList, false, m_pcEncCfg->m_numThreads == 0 );

  slice->setRefPOCList        ();
  slice->setList1IdxToList0Idx();
  slice->updateRefPicCounter  ( +1 );
  slice->setSMVDParam();

  // slice type refinement
  if ( sliceType == VVENC_B_SLICE && slice->numRefIdx[ REF_PIC_LIST_1 ] == 0 )
  {
    sliceType = VVENC_P_SLICE;
    slice->sliceType = sliceType;
  }

  slice->picHeader->gdrPic      = false;
  slice->picHeader->disBdofFlag = false;
  slice->picHeader->disDmvrFlag = false;
  slice->picHeader->disProfFlag = false;

  slice->picHeader->gdrOrIrapPic = slice->picHeader->gdrPic || slice->isIRAP();
  slice->picHeader->picInterSliceAllowed = sliceType != VVENC_I_SLICE;
  slice->picHeader->picIntraSliceAllowed = sliceType == VVENC_I_SLICE;

  slice->deblockingFilterOverride = sliceType != VVENC_I_SLICE && (gopEntry.m_betaOffsetDiv2 || gopEntry.m_tcOffsetDiv2);

  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_deblockLastTLayers > 0 && slice->TLayer <= m_pcEncCfg->m_maxTLayer - m_pcEncCfg->m_deblockLastTLayers )
  {
    slice->deblockingFilterOverride = true;
    slice->deblockingFilterDisable  = true;
  }

  if( slice->deblockingFilterOverride )
  {
    for( int comp = 0; comp < MAX_NUM_COMP; comp++)
    {
      //TODO: gopEntry.m_tcOffsetDiv2 and gopEntry.m_betaOffsetDiv2 are set with the luma value also for the chroma components (currently not used or all values are equal)
      slice->deblockingFilterTcOffsetDiv2[comp]    = slice->picHeader->deblockingFilterTcOffsetDiv2[comp]   = gopEntry.m_tcOffsetDiv2   + m_pcEncCfg->m_loopFilterTcOffsetDiv2[comp];
      slice->deblockingFilterBetaOffsetDiv2[comp]  = slice->picHeader->deblockingFilterBetaOffsetDiv2[comp] = gopEntry.m_betaOffsetDiv2 +   m_pcEncCfg->m_loopFilterBetaOffsetDiv2[comp];
    }
  }
  else
  {
    for( int comp = 0; comp < MAX_NUM_COMP; comp++)
    {
      slice->deblockingFilterTcOffsetDiv2[comp]    = slice->picHeader->deblockingFilterTcOffsetDiv2[comp]   = slice->pps->deblockingFilterTcOffsetDiv2[comp];
      slice->deblockingFilterBetaOffsetDiv2[comp]  = slice->picHeader->deblockingFilterBetaOffsetDiv2[comp] = slice->pps->deblockingFilterBetaOffsetDiv2[comp];
    }
  }

  if (slice->pps->useDQP)
  {
    const uint32_t cuLumaQpSubdiv = (m_pcEncCfg->m_cuQpDeltaSubdiv > 0 ? (uint32_t) m_pcEncCfg->m_cuQpDeltaSubdiv : 0);

    slice->picHeader->cuQpDeltaSubdivInter = m_pcEncCfg->m_usePerceptQPA ? 0 : cuLumaQpSubdiv;
    slice->picHeader->cuQpDeltaSubdivIntra = cuLumaQpSubdiv;
  }
  if( slice->pps->chromaQpOffsetListLen > 0)
  {
    const uint32_t cuChromaQpSubdiv = (m_pcEncCfg->m_cuChromaQpOffsetSubdiv > 0 ? (uint32_t) m_pcEncCfg->m_cuChromaQpOffsetSubdiv : 0);

    slice->picHeader->cuChromaQpOffsetSubdivInter = m_pcEncCfg->m_usePerceptQPA ? 0 : cuChromaQpSubdiv;
    slice->picHeader->cuChromaQpOffsetSubdivIntra = cuChromaQpSubdiv;
  }

  slice->picHeader->ppsId = slice->pps->ppsId;
  slice->picHeader->spsId = slice->sps->spsId;

  pic.cs->picHeader->pic = &pic;
  xInitSliceTMVPFlag ( pic.cs->picHeader, slice );
  xInitSliceMvdL1Zero( pic.cs->picHeader, slice );
  slice->picHeader->maxNumAffineMergeCand = sps.Affine ? sps.maxNumAffineMergeCand : ( sps.SbtMvp && slice->picHeader->enableTMVP ? 1 : 0 );

  if( slice->nalUnitType == VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_RASL && m_pcEncCfg->m_rprRASLtoolSwitch )
  {
    slice->lmChromaCheckDisable = true;
    pic.cs->picHeader->disDmvrFlag = true;
    xUpdateRPRtmvp( pic.cs->picHeader, slice );
  }

  // update RAS
  xUpdateRasInit( slice );

  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_useAMaxBT )
  {
    m_BlkStat.setSliceMaxBT( *slice );
  }

  {
    bool identicalToSPS=true;
    const SPS* sps =slice->sps;
    PicHeader* picHeader = slice->picHeader;
    if (picHeader->picInterSliceAllowed)
    {
      identicalToSPS = (picHeader->minQTSize[1] == sps->minQTSize[1] &&
                        picHeader->maxMTTDepth[1] == sps->maxMTTDepth[1] &&
                        picHeader->maxBTSize[1] == sps->maxBTSize[1] &&
                        picHeader->maxTTSize[1] == sps->maxTTSize[1] );
    }

    if (identicalToSPS && picHeader->picIntraSliceAllowed)
    {
      identicalToSPS = (picHeader->minQTSize[0] == sps->minQTSize[0] &&
                        picHeader->maxMTTDepth[0] == sps->maxMTTDepth[0] &&
                        picHeader->maxBTSize[0] == sps->maxBTSize[0] &&
                        picHeader->maxTTSize[0] == sps->maxTTSize[0] );
    }

    if (identicalToSPS && sps->dualITree)
    {
      identicalToSPS = (picHeader->minQTSize[2] == sps->minQTSize[2] &&
                        picHeader->maxMTTDepth[2] == sps->maxMTTDepth[2] &&
                        picHeader->maxBTSize[2] == sps->maxBTSize[2] &&
                        picHeader->maxTTSize[2] == sps->maxTTSize[2] );
    }

    if (identicalToSPS)
    {
      picHeader->splitConsOverride = false;
    }

  }

  CHECK( slice->TLayer != 0 && slice->sliceType == VVENC_I_SLICE, "Unspecified error" );

  pic.cs->slice = slice;
  pic.isReferenced = true;

  pic.picApsMap.clearActive();
  pic.picApsMap.setApsIdStart( ALF_CTB_MAX_NUM_APS );
  for ( int i = 0; i < ALF_CTB_MAX_NUM_APS; i++ )
  {
    const int apsMapIdx = ( i << NUM_APS_TYPE_LEN ) + ALF_APS;
    APS* alfAPS = pic.picApsMap.getPS( apsMapIdx );
    if ( alfAPS )
    {
      alfAPS->apsId      = MAX_UINT;
      alfAPS->temporalId = MAX_INT;
      alfAPS->poc        = MAX_INT;
      pic.picApsMap.clearChangedFlag( apsMapIdx );
      alfAPS->alfParam.reset();
      alfAPS->ccAlfParam.reset();
    }
  }
  CHECK( slice->enableDRAPSEI && m_pcEncCfg->m_maxParallelFrames, "Dependent Random Access Point is not supported by Frame Parallel Processing" );

  pic.isInitDone = true;
}

void EncGOP::xInitSliceTMVPFlag( PicHeader* picHeader, const Slice* slice )
{
  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_TMVPModeId == 2 )
  {
    const GOPEntry& gopEntry = *(slice->pic->gopEntry);
    picHeader->enableTMVP    = ! gopEntry.m_useBckwdOnly;
  }
  else if( m_pcEncCfg->m_TMVPModeId == 1 )
  {
    picHeader->enableTMVP = true;
  }
  else
  {
    picHeader->enableTMVP = false;
  }

  // disable TMVP when current picture is the only ref picture
  if( slice->isIRAP() && slice->sps->IBC )
  {
    picHeader->enableTMVP = false;
  }
}

void EncGOP::xUpdateRPRtmvp( PicHeader* picHeader, Slice* slice )
{
  if( slice->sliceType != VVENC_I_SLICE && picHeader->enableTMVP && m_pcEncCfg->m_rprRASLtoolSwitch )
  {
    int colRefIdxL0 = -1, colRefIdxL1 = -1;

    for( int refIdx = 0; refIdx < slice->numRefIdx[REF_PIC_LIST_0]; refIdx++ )
    {
      if( !( slice->getRefPic( REF_PIC_LIST_0, refIdx )->slices[0]->nalUnitType != VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_RASL &&
             slice->getRefPic( REF_PIC_LIST_0, refIdx )->poc <= m_pocCRA ) )
      {
        colRefIdxL0 = refIdx;
        break;
      }
    }

    if( slice->sliceType == VVENC_B_SLICE )
    {
      for( int refIdx = 0; refIdx < slice->numRefIdx[REF_PIC_LIST_1]; refIdx++ )
      {
        if( !( slice->getRefPic( REF_PIC_LIST_1, refIdx )->slices[0]->nalUnitType != VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_RASL &&
               slice->getRefPic( REF_PIC_LIST_1, refIdx )->poc <= m_pocCRA ) )
        {
          colRefIdxL1 = refIdx;
          break;
        }
      }
    }

    if( colRefIdxL0 >= 0 && colRefIdxL1 >= 0 )
    {
      const Picture *refPicL0 = slice->getRefPic( REF_PIC_LIST_0, colRefIdxL0 );
      const Picture *refPicL1 = slice->getRefPic( REF_PIC_LIST_1, colRefIdxL1 );

      CHECK( !refPicL0->slices.size(), "Wrong L0 reference picture" );
      CHECK( !refPicL1->slices.size(), "Wrong L1 reference picture" );

      const uint32_t uiColFromL0 = refPicL0->slices[0]->sliceQp > refPicL1->slices[0]->sliceQp;
      picHeader->picColFromL0 = uiColFromL0;
      slice->colFromL0Flag = uiColFromL0;
      slice->colRefIdx = uiColFromL0 ? colRefIdxL0 : colRefIdxL1;
      picHeader->colRefIdx = uiColFromL0 ? colRefIdxL0 : colRefIdxL1;
    }
    else if( colRefIdxL0 < 0 && colRefIdxL1 >= 0 )
    {
      picHeader->picColFromL0 = false;
      slice->colFromL0Flag = false;
      slice->colRefIdx = colRefIdxL1;
      picHeader->colRefIdx = colRefIdxL1;
    }
    else if( colRefIdxL0 >= 0 && colRefIdxL1 < 0 )
    {
      picHeader->picColFromL0 = true;
      slice->colFromL0Flag = true;
      slice->colRefIdx = colRefIdxL0;
      picHeader->colRefIdx = colRefIdxL0;
    }
    else
    {
      picHeader->enableTMVP = false;
    }
  }
}

void EncGOP::xInitSliceMvdL1Zero( PicHeader* picHeader, const Slice* slice )
{
  bool bGPBcheck = false;
  if ( slice->sliceType == VVENC_B_SLICE)
  {
    if ( slice->numRefIdx[ 0 ] == slice->numRefIdx[ 1 ] )
    {
      bGPBcheck = true;
      int i;
      for ( i=0; i < slice->numRefIdx[ 1 ]; i++ )
      {
        if ( slice->getRefPOC( RefPicList( 1 ), i ) != slice->getRefPOC( RefPicList( 0 ), i ) )
        {
          bGPBcheck = false;
          break;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  if ( bGPBcheck )
  {
    picHeader->mvdL1Zero = true;
  }
  else
  {
    picHeader->mvdL1Zero = false;
  }
}

void EncGOP::xSelectReferencePictureList( Slice* slice ) const
{
  const GOPEntry& gopEntry = *(slice->pic->gopEntry);

  for( int l = 0; l < 2; l++ )
  {
    slice->rplIdx[ l ] = gopEntry.m_defaultRPLIdx;
    if( slice->rplIdx[ l ] >= 0 )
    {
      slice->rpl[ l ] = &(slice->sps->rplList[ l ][ slice->rplIdx[ l ] ]);
    }
    else
    {
      slice->rplLocal[ l ].initFromGopEntry( gopEntry, l );
      slice->rpl[ l ] = &slice->rplLocal[ l ];
    }
  }
}

void EncGOP::xWritePicture( Picture& pic, AccessUnitList& au, bool isEncodeLtRef )
{
  // first pass temporal down-sampling
  if( ( ! m_pcRateCtrl->rcIsFinalPass || m_isPreAnalysis ) && pic.gopEntry->m_skipFirstPass )
  {
    m_pcRateCtrl->addRCPassStats( pic.cs->slice->poc,
        0,                /* qp */
        0,                /* lambda */
        pic.picVA.visAct,
        0,                /* numBits */
        0,                /* psnrY */
        pic.cs->slice->isIntra(),
        pic.cs->slice->TLayer,
        pic.gopEntry->m_isStartOfIntra,
        pic.gopEntry->m_isStartOfGop,
        pic.gopEntry->m_gopNum,
        pic.gopEntry->m_scType,
        pic.picVA.spatAct[CH_L],
        pic.m_picShared->m_picMotEstError,
        pic.m_picShared->m_minNoiseLevels );
    return;
  }

  DTRACE_UPDATE( g_trace_ctx, std::make_pair( "bsfinal", 1 ) );
  pic.encTime.startTimer();

  au.poc           = pic.poc;
  au.temporalLayer = pic.TLayer;
  au.refPic        = pic.isReferenced;
  au.userData      = pic.userData;
  if( ! pic.slices.empty() )
  {
    au.sliceType = pic.slices[ 0 ]->sliceType;
  }

  if( pic.ctsValid )
  {
    const int64_t iDiffFrames = m_numPicsCoded - pic.poc - pic.picsInMissing;
    au.cts      = pic.cts;
    au.ctsValid = pic.ctsValid;
    if ( pic.picOutOffset )
    {
      m_numPicsOutOffset += pic.picOutOffset;
    }
    if( m_pcEncCfg->m_TicksPerSecond > 0 )
      au.dts      = ( ( iDiffFrames - m_pcEncCfg->m_maxTLayer + m_numPicsOutOffset ) * m_ticksPerFrameMul4 ) / 4 + au.cts;
    else
      au.dts      = ( ( iDiffFrames - m_pcEncCfg->m_maxTLayer + m_numPicsOutOffset )) + au.cts;
    au.dtsValid = pic.ctsValid;
  }

  pic.actualTotalBits += xWriteParameterSets( pic, au, m_HLSWriter );
  xWriteLeadingSEIs( pic, au );
  pic.actualTotalBits += xWritePictureSlices( pic, au, m_HLSWriter );

  pic.encTime.stopTimer();

  std::string digestStr;
  xWriteTrailingSEIs( pic, au, digestStr );
  xPrintPictureInfo ( pic, au, digestStr, m_pcEncCfg->m_printFrameMSE, isEncodeLtRef );
  DTRACE_UPDATE( g_trace_ctx, std::make_pair( "bsfinal", 0 ) );
}

int EncGOP::xWriteParameterSets( Picture& pic, AccessUnitList& accessUnit, HLSWriter& hlsWriter )
{
  Slice* slice        = pic.slices[0];
  const SPS& sps      = *(slice->sps);
  const PPS& pps      = *(slice->pps);
  int actualTotalBits = 0;

  if ( m_bFirstWrite || ( m_pcEncCfg->m_rewriteParamSets && slice->isIRAP() ) )
  {
    if (slice->sps->vpsId != 0)
    {
      actualTotalBits += xWriteVPS( accessUnit, pic.vps, hlsWriter );
    }
    actualTotalBits += xWriteDCI( accessUnit, pic.dci, hlsWriter );
    actualTotalBits += xWriteSPS( accessUnit, &sps, hlsWriter );
    actualTotalBits += xWritePPS( accessUnit, &pps, &sps, hlsWriter );
    m_bFirstWrite = false;
  }

  bool IrapOrGdrAu = slice->picHeader->gdrPic || (slice->isIRAP() && !slice->pps->mixedNaluTypesInPic);
  if ((( slice->vps->maxLayers > 1 && IrapOrGdrAu) || m_pcEncCfg->m_AccessUnitDelimiter) && !slice->nuhLayerId )
  {
    xWriteAccessUnitDelimiter( accessUnit, slice, IrapOrGdrAu, hlsWriter );
  }

  // send ALF APS
  if ( sps.alfEnabled && (slice->alfEnabled[COMP_Y] || slice->ccAlfCbEnabled || slice->ccAlfCrEnabled ))
  {
    for ( int apsId = 0; apsId < ALF_CTB_MAX_NUM_APS; apsId++ )
    {
      ParameterSetMap<APS>& apsMap = pic.picApsMap;
      const int apsMapIdx          = ( apsId << NUM_APS_TYPE_LEN ) + ALF_APS;
      APS* aps                     = apsMap.getPS( apsMapIdx );
      bool writeAps                = aps && apsMap.getChangedFlag( apsMapIdx );
      if ( writeAps )
      {
        aps->chromaPresent = slice->sps->chromaFormatIdc != CHROMA_400;
        aps->temporalId = slice->TLayer;
        actualTotalBits += xWriteAPS( accessUnit, aps, hlsWriter, VVENC_NAL_UNIT_PREFIX_APS );
        apsMap.clearChangedFlag( apsMapIdx );
      }
    }
  }

  return actualTotalBits;
}

int EncGOP::xWritePictureSlices( Picture& pic, AccessUnitList& accessUnit, HLSWriter& hlsWriter )
{
  Slice* slice        = pic.slices[ 0 ];
  const int numSlices = (int)( pic.slices.size() );
  unsigned  numBytes  = 0;

  for ( int sliceIdx = 0; sliceIdx < numSlices; sliceIdx++ )
  {
    slice = pic.slices[ sliceIdx ];

    if ( sliceIdx > 0 && slice->sliceType != VVENC_I_SLICE )
    {
      slice->checkColRefIdx( sliceIdx, &pic );
    }

    // start slice NALUnit
    OutputNALUnit nalu( slice->nalUnitType, slice->TLayer );
    hlsWriter.setBitstream( &nalu.m_Bitstream );

    // slice header and data
    int bitsBeforeWriting = hlsWriter.getNumberOfWrittenBits();
    hlsWriter.codeSliceHeader( slice );
    pic.actualHeadBits += ( hlsWriter.getNumberOfWrittenBits() - bitsBeforeWriting );
    hlsWriter.codeTilesWPPEntryPoint( slice );
    xAttachSliceDataToNalUnit( nalu, &pic.sliceDataStreams[ sliceIdx ] );

    accessUnit.push_back( new NALUnitEBSP( nalu ) );
    numBytes += unsigned( accessUnit.back()->m_nalUnitData.str().size() );
  }

  xCabacZeroWordPadding( pic, slice, pic.sliceDataNumBins, numBytes, accessUnit.back()->m_nalUnitData );

  return numBytes * 8;
}

void EncGOP::xWriteLeadingSEIs( const Picture& pic, AccessUnitList& accessUnit )
{
  const Slice* slice = pic.slices[ 0 ];
  SEIMessages leadingSeiMessages;

  bool bpPresentInAU = false;

  if((m_pcEncCfg->m_bufferingPeriodSEIEnabled) && (slice->isIRAP() || slice->nalUnitType == VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_GDR) &&
    slice->nuhLayerId==slice->vps->layerId[0] && (slice->sps->hrdParametersPresent) && m_pcRateCtrl->rcIsFinalPass && !m_isPreAnalysis )
  {
    SEIBufferingPeriod *bufferingPeriodSEI = new SEIBufferingPeriod();
    bool noLeadingPictures = ( (slice->nalUnitType!= VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_IDR_W_RADL) && (slice->nalUnitType!= VVENC_NAL_UNIT_CODED_SLICE_CRA) );
    m_seiEncoder.initBufferingPeriodSEI(*bufferingPeriodSEI, noLeadingPictures);
    m_EncHRD.bufferingPeriodSEI = *bufferingPeriodSEI;
    m_EncHRD.bufferingPeriodInitialized = true;

    leadingSeiMessages.push_back(bufferingPeriodSEI);
    bpPresentInAU = true;
  }

//  if (m_pcEncCfg->m_dependentRAPIndicationSEIEnabled && slice->isDRAP )
//  {
//    SEIDependentRAPIndication *dependentRAPIndicationSEI = new SEIDependentRAPIndication();
//    m_seiEncoder.initDrapSEI( dependentRAPIndicationSEI );
//    leadingSeiMessages.push_back(dependentRAPIndicationSEI);
//  }

  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_pictureTimingSEIEnabled && m_pcEncCfg->m_bufferingPeriodSEIEnabled && m_pcRateCtrl->rcIsFinalPass && !m_isPreAnalysis )
  {
    SEIMessages nestedSeiMessages;
    SEIMessages duInfoSeiMessages;
    uint32_t numDU = 1;
    m_seiEncoder.initPictureTimingSEI( leadingSeiMessages, nestedSeiMessages, duInfoSeiMessages, slice, numDU, bpPresentInAU );
  }

  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_preferredTransferCharacteristics )
  {
    SEIAlternativeTransferCharacteristics *seiAlternativeTransferCharacteristics = new SEIAlternativeTransferCharacteristics;
    m_seiEncoder.initSEIAlternativeTransferCharacteristics( seiAlternativeTransferCharacteristics );
    leadingSeiMessages.push_back(seiAlternativeTransferCharacteristics);
  }

  // film grain SEI
  if ( m_pcEncCfg->m_fg.m_fgcSEIEnabled && !m_pcEncCfg->m_fg.m_fgcSEIPerPictureSEI )
  {
    // Access units are written in coding order. An analysis result takes effect with the access unit of the analyzed
    // picture, however far ahead of the output the analysis ran.
    while( !m_fgaResults.empty() && m_fgaResults.front().first <= pic.gopEntry->m_codingNum )
    {
      m_fgcParam = std::move( m_fgaResults.front().second );
      m_fgaResults.pop_front();
    }

    SeiFgc* sei = new SeiFgc;
    m_seiEncoder.initSeiFgc( sei );
    sei->log2ScaleFactor = m_fgcParam.log2ScaleFactor;
    for ( int compIdx = 0; compIdx < getNumberValidComponents(pic.chromaFormat); compIdx++ )
    {
      if ( sei->compModel[compIdx].presentFlag )
      {  // higher importance of presentFlag is from cfg file
        sei->compModel[compIdx] = m_fgcParam.compModel[compIdx];
      }
    }
    leadingSeiMessages.push_back( sei );
  }

  // mastering display colour volume
  if( (m_pcEncCfg->m_masteringDisplay[0] != 0 && m_pcEncCfg->m_masteringDisplay[1] != 0) ||
      m_pcEncCfg->m_masteringDisplay[8] )
  {
    SEIMasteringDisplayColourVolume *sei = new SEIMasteringDisplayColourVolume;
    m_seiEncoder.initSEIMasteringDisplayColourVolume(sei);
    leadingSeiMessages.push_back(sei);
  }

  // content light level
  if( m_pcEncCfg->m_contentLightLevel[0] != 0 && m_pcEncCfg->m_contentLightLevel[1] != 0 )
  {
    SEIContentLightLevelInfo *seiCLL = new SEIContentLightLevelInfo;
    m_seiEncoder.initSEIContentLightLevel(seiCLL);
    leadingSeiMessages.push_back(seiCLL);
  }


  // Note: using accessUnit.end() works only as long as this function is called after slice coding and before EOS/EOB NAL units
  AccessUnitList::iterator pos = accessUnit.end();
  xWriteSEISeparately( VVENC_NAL_UNIT_PREFIX_SEI, leadingSeiMessages, accessUnit, pos, slice->TLayer, slice->sps );

  deleteSEIs( leadingSeiMessages );
}

void EncGOP::xWriteTrailingSEIs( const Picture& pic, AccessUnitList& accessUnit, std::string& digestStr )
{
  const Slice* slice = pic.slices[ 0 ];
  SEIMessages trailingSeiMessages;

  if ( m_pcEncCfg->m_decodedPictureHashSEIType != VVENC_HASHTYPE_NONE )
  {
    SEIDecodedPictureHash *decodedPictureHashSei = new SEIDecodedPictureHash();
    const CPelUnitBuf recoBuf = pic.cs->getRecoBuf();
    m_seiEncoder.initDecodedPictureHashSEI( *decodedPictureHashSei, recoBuf, digestStr, slice->sps->bitDepths );
    if ( m_pcEncCfg->m_decodedPictureHashSEIType < VVENC_HASHTYPE_MD5_LOG )
    {
    trailingSeiMessages.push_back( decodedPictureHashSei );
  }
    else
    {
      delete decodedPictureHashSei;
    }
  }

  // Note: using accessUnit.end() works only as long as this function is called after slice coding and before EOS/EOB NAL units
  AccessUnitList::iterator pos = accessUnit.end();
  xWriteSEISeparately( VVENC_NAL_UNIT_SUFFIX_SEI, trailingSeiMessages, accessUnit, pos, slice->TLayer, slice->sps );

  deleteSEIs( trailingSeiMessages );
}

int EncGOP::xWriteVPS ( AccessUnitList &accessUnit, const VPS *vps, HLSWriter& hlsWriter )
{
  OutputNALUnit nalu(VVENC_NAL_UNIT_VPS);
  hlsWriter.setBitstream( &nalu.m_Bitstream );
  hlsWriter.codeVPS( vps );
  accessUnit.push_back(new NALUnitEBSP(nalu));
  return (int)(accessUnit.back()->m_nalUnitData.str().size()) * 8;
}

int EncGOP::xWriteDCI ( AccessUnitList &accessUnit, const DCI *dci, HLSWriter& hlsWriter )
{
  if (dci->dciId ==0)
  {
    return 0;
  }

  OutputNALUnit nalu(VVENC_NAL_UNIT_DCI);
  hlsWriter.setBitstream( &nalu.m_Bitstream );
  hlsWriter.codeDCI( dci );
  accessUnit.push_back(new NALUnitEBSP(nalu));
  return (int)(accessUnit.back()->m_nalUnitData.str().size()) * 8;
}

int EncGOP::xWriteSPS ( AccessUnitList &accessUnit, const SPS *sps, HLSWriter& hlsWriter )
{
  OutputNALUnit nalu(VVENC_NAL_UNIT_SPS);
  hlsWriter.setBitstream( &nalu.m_Bitstream );
  hlsWriter.codeSPS( sps );
  accessUnit.push_back(new NALUnitEBSP(nalu));
  return (int)(accessUnit.back()->m_nalUnitData.str().size()) * 8;
}

int EncGOP::xWritePPS ( AccessUnitList &accessUnit, const PPS *pps, const SPS *sps, HLSWriter& hlsWriter )
{
  OutputNALUnit nalu(VVENC_NAL_UNIT_PPS);
  hlsWriter.setBitstream( &nalu.m_Bitstream );
  hlsWriter.codePPS( pps, sps );
  accessUnit.push_back(new NALUnitEBSP(nalu));
  return (int)(accessUnit.back()->m_nalUnitData.str().size()) * 8;
}

int EncGOP::xWriteAPS( AccessUnitList &accessUnit, const APS *aps, HLSWriter& hlsWriter, vvencNalUnitType eNalUnitType )
{
  OutputNALUnit nalu(eNalUnitType, aps->temporalId);
  hlsWriter.setBitstream(&nalu.m_Bitstream);
  hlsWriter.codeAPS(aps);
  accessUnit.push_back(new NALUnitEBSP(nalu));
  return (int)(accessUnit.back()->m_nalUnitData.str().size()) * 8;
}

void EncGOP::xWriteAccessUnitDelimiter ( AccessUnitList &accessUnit, Slice* slice, bool IrapOrGdr, HLSWriter& hlsWriter )
{
  OutputNALUnit nalu(VVENC_NAL_UNIT_ACCESS_UNIT_DELIMITER, slice->TLayer);
  hlsWriter.setBitstream(&nalu.m_Bitstream);
  hlsWriter.codeAUD( IrapOrGdr, 2-slice->sliceType );
  accessUnit.push_front(new NALUnitEBSP(nalu));
}

void EncGOP::xWriteSEI (vvencNalUnitType naluType, SEIMessages& seiMessages, AccessUnitList &accessUnit, AccessUnitList::iterator &auPos, int temporalId, const SPS *sps)
{
  if (seiMessages.empty())
  {
    return;
  }
  OutputNALUnit nalu(naluType, temporalId);
  m_seiWriter.writeSEImessages(nalu.m_Bitstream, seiMessages, m_EncHRD, false, temporalId);
  auPos = accessUnit.insert(auPos, new NALUnitEBSP(nalu));
  auPos++;
}

void EncGOP::xWriteSEISeparately (vvencNalUnitType naluType, SEIMessages& seiMessages, AccessUnitList &accessUnit, AccessUnitList::iterator &auPos, int temporalId, const SPS *sps)
{
  if (seiMessages.empty())
  {
    return;
  }
  for (SEIMessages::const_iterator sei = seiMessages.begin(); sei!=seiMessages.end(); sei++ )
  {
    SEIMessages tmpMessages;
    tmpMessages.push_back(*sei);
    OutputNALUnit nalu(naluType, temporalId);
    m_seiWriter.writeSEImessages(nalu.m_Bitstream, tmpMessages, m_EncHRD, false, temporalId);
    auPos = accessUnit.insert(auPos, new NALUnitEBSP(nalu));
    auPos++;
  }
}

/** Attaches the input bitstream to the stream in the output NAL unit
    Updates rNalu to contain concatenated bitstream. rpcBitstreamRedirect is cleared at the end of this function call.
 *  \param codedSliceData contains the coded slice data (bitstream) to be concatenated to rNalu
 *  \param rNalu          target NAL unit
 */
void EncGOP::xAttachSliceDataToNalUnit( OutputNALUnit& rNalu, const OutputBitstream* codedSliceData )
{
  // Byte-align
  rNalu.m_Bitstream.writeByteAlignment();   // Slice header byte-alignment

  // Perform bitstream concatenation
  if (codedSliceData->getNumberOfWrittenBits() > 0)
  {
    rNalu.m_Bitstream.addSubstream(codedSliceData);
  }
}

void EncGOP::xCabacZeroWordPadding( const Picture& pic, const Slice* slice, uint32_t binCountsInNalUnits, uint32_t numBytesInVclNalUnits, std::ostringstream &nalUnitData )
{
  const PPS &pps                     = *(slice->pps);
  const SPS &sps                     = *(slice->sps);
  const ChromaFormat format          = sps.chromaFormatIdc;
  const int log2subWidthCxsubHeightC = getComponentScaleX( COMP_Cb, format ) + getComponentScaleY( COMP_Cb, format );
  const int minCUSize                = pic.cs->pcv->minCUSize;
  const int paddedWidth              = ( (pps.picWidthInLumaSamples  + minCUSize - 1) / minCUSize) * minCUSize;
  const int paddedHeight             = ( (pps.picHeightInLumaSamples + minCUSize - 1) / minCUSize) * minCUSize;
  const int rawBits                  = paddedWidth * paddedHeight * ( sps.bitDepths[ CH_L ] + 2 * ( sps.bitDepths[ CH_C ] >> log2subWidthCxsubHeightC ) );
  const uint32_t threshold           = ( 32/3 ) * numBytesInVclNalUnits + ( rawBits/32 );
  if ( binCountsInNalUnits >= threshold )
  {
    // need to add additional cabac zero words (each one accounts for 3 bytes (=00 00 03)) to increase numBytesInVclNalUnits
    const uint32_t targetNumBytesInVclNalUnits = ( ( binCountsInNalUnits - ( rawBits/32 ) ) * 3 + 31 ) / 32;

    if ( targetNumBytesInVclNalUnits>numBytesInVclNalUnits ) // It should be!
    {
      const uint32_t numberOfAdditionalBytesNeeded    = targetNumBytesInVclNalUnits - numBytesInVclNalUnits;
      const uint32_t numberOfAdditionalCabacZeroWords = ( numberOfAdditionalBytesNeeded + 2 ) / 3;
      const uint32_t numberOfAdditionalCabacZeroBytes = numberOfAdditionalCabacZeroWords * 3;
      if ( m_pcEncCfg->m_cabacZeroWordPaddingEnabled )
      {
        std::vector<uint8_t> zeroBytesPadding(numberOfAdditionalCabacZeroBytes, uint8_t(0));
        for( uint32_t i = 0; i < numberOfAdditionalCabacZeroWords; i++ )
        {
          zeroBytesPadding[ i * 3 + 2 ] = 3;  // 00 00 03
        }
        nalUnitData.write( reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&(zeroBytesPadding[ 0 ])), numberOfAdditionalCabacZeroBytes );
        msg.log( VVENC_NOTICE, "Adding %d bytes of padding\n", numberOfAdditionalCabacZeroWords * 3 );
      }
      else
      {
        msg.log( VVENC_NOTICE, "Standard would normally require adding %d bytes of padding\n", numberOfAdditionalCabacZeroWords * 3 );
      }
    }
  }
}

void EncGOP::xAddPSNRStats( const Picture* pic, CPelUnitBuf cPicD, AccessUnitList& accessUnit, bool printFrameMSE, double* PSNR_Y, bool isEncodeLtRef )
{
  const Slice* slice         = pic->slices[0];

  double dPSNR[MAX_NUM_COMP];
  double MSEyuvframe[MAX_NUM_COMP];
  for (int i = 0; i < MAX_NUM_COMP; i++)
  {
    dPSNR[i]       = pic->psnr[i];
    MSEyuvframe[i] = pic->mse[i];
  }

  /* calculate the size of the access unit, excluding:
   *  - any AnnexB contributions (start_code_prefix, zero_byte, etc.,)
   *  - SEI NAL units
   */
  uint32_t numRBSPBytes = 0;
  for (AccessUnitList::const_iterator it = accessUnit.begin(); it != accessUnit.end(); it++)
  {
    uint32_t numRBSPBytes_nal = uint32_t((*it)->m_nalUnitData.str().size());
    if (m_pcEncCfg->m_summaryVerboseness > 0)
    {
      msg.log( VVENC_NOTICE, "*** %s numBytesInNALunit: %u\n", nalUnitTypeToString((*it)->m_nalUnitType), numRBSPBytes_nal);
    }
    if( ( *it )->m_nalUnitType != VVENC_NAL_UNIT_PREFIX_SEI && ( *it )->m_nalUnitType != VVENC_NAL_UNIT_SUFFIX_SEI )
    {
      numRBSPBytes += numRBSPBytes_nal;
      if (it == accessUnit.begin() || (*it)->m_nalUnitType == VVENC_NAL_UNIT_VPS || (*it)->m_nalUnitType == VVENC_NAL_UNIT_DCI || (*it)->m_nalUnitType == VVENC_NAL_UNIT_SPS || (*it)->m_nalUnitType == VVENC_NAL_UNIT_PPS || (*it)->m_nalUnitType == VVENC_NAL_UNIT_PREFIX_APS || (*it)->m_nalUnitType == VVENC_NAL_UNIT_SUFFIX_APS)
      {
        numRBSPBytes += 4;
      }
      else
      {
        numRBSPBytes += 3;
      }
    }
  }
  const uint32_t uibits = numRBSPBytes * 8;

  if (m_isPreAnalysis || !m_pcRateCtrl->rcIsFinalPass)
  {
    m_pcRateCtrl->addRCPassStats( slice->poc,
                                  slice->sliceQp,
                                  slice->getLambdas()[0],
                                  pic->picVA.visAct,
                                  uibits,
                                  dPSNR[COMP_Y],
                                  slice->isIntra(),
                                  slice->TLayer,
                                  pic->gopEntry->m_isStartOfIntra,
                                  pic->gopEntry->m_isStartOfGop,
                                  pic->gopEntry->m_gopNum,
                                  pic->gopEntry->m_scType,
                                  pic->picVA.spatAct[CH_L],
                                  pic->m_picShared->m_picMotEstError,
                                  pic->m_picShared->m_minNoiseLevels );
  }

  //===== add PSNR =====
  m_AnalyzeAll.addResult(dPSNR, (double)uibits, MSEyuvframe
    , isEncodeLtRef
  );
  if ( slice->isIntra() )
  {
    m_AnalyzeI.addResult(dPSNR, (double)uibits, MSEyuvframe
      , isEncodeLtRef
    );
    *PSNR_Y = dPSNR[COMP_Y];
  }
  if ( slice->isInterP() )
  {
    m_AnalyzeP.addResult(dPSNR, (double)uibits, MSEyuvframe
      , isEncodeLtRef
    );
    *PSNR_Y = dPSNR[COMP_Y];
  }
  if ( slice->isInterB() )
  {
    m_AnalyzeB.addResult(dPSNR, (double)uibits, MSEyuvframe
      , isEncodeLtRef
    );
    *PSNR_Y = dPSNR[COMP_Y];
  }

  char c = (slice->isIntra() ? 'I' : slice->isInterP() ? 'P' : 'B');
  if ( ! pic->isReferenced && pic->refCounter == 0 && ! m_pcEncCfg->m_maxParallelFrames )
  {
    c += 32;
  }

  // create info string
  {
    if ((m_isPreAnalysis && m_pcRateCtrl->m_pcEncCfg->m_RCTargetBitrate > 0) || !m_pcRateCtrl->rcIsFinalPass)
    {
      std::string cInfo;
      if( m_pcRateCtrl->rcIsFinalPass ) // single pass RC
      {
        cInfo = prnt("RC analyze poc %5d", slice->poc );
      }
      else
      {
        cInfo = prnt("RC pass %d/%d, analyze poc %5d",
            m_pcRateCtrl->rcPass + 1,
            m_pcEncCfg->m_RCNumPasses,
            slice->poc );
      }
      accessUnit.InfoString.append( cInfo );
    }
    else
    {
      std::stringstream sMctf;
      if( pic->gopEntry->m_mctfIndex >= 0 )
        sMctf << ", TF " << pic->gopEntry->m_mctfIndex << ")";
      else
        sMctf << ")      ";

      std::string cInfo = prnt("POC %5d TId: %1d (%10s, %c-SLICE, QP %d%s %10d bits",
          slice->poc,
          slice->TLayer,
          nalUnitTypeToString( slice->nalUnitType ),
          c,
          slice->sliceQp,
          sMctf.str().c_str(),
          uibits );

      std::string yPSNR = dPSNR[COMP_Y]  == MAX_DOUBLE ? prnt(" [Y %7s dB    ", "inf" ) : prnt(" [Y %6.4lf dB    ", dPSNR[COMP_Y] );
      std::string uPSNR = dPSNR[COMP_Cb] == MAX_DOUBLE ? prnt("U %7s dB    ", "inf" ) : prnt("U %6.4lf dB    ", dPSNR[COMP_Cb] );
      std::string vPSNR = dPSNR[COMP_Cr] == MAX_DOUBLE ? prnt("V %7s dB]", "inf" ) : prnt("V %6.4lf dB]", dPSNR[COMP_Cr] );

      accessUnit.InfoString.append( cInfo );
      accessUnit.InfoString.append( yPSNR );
      accessUnit.InfoString.append( uPSNR );
      accessUnit.InfoString.append( vPSNR );

      if ( m_pcEncCfg->m_printHexPsnr )
      {
        uint64_t xPsnr[MAX_NUM_COMP];
        for (int i = 0; i < MAX_NUM_COMP; i++)
        {
          std::copy(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(&dPSNR[i]),
              reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(&dPSNR[i]) + sizeof(dPSNR[i]),
              reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(&xPsnr[i]));
        }

        std::string yPSNRHex = dPSNR[COMP_Y]  == MAX_DOUBLE ? prnt(" [xY %16s", "inf") : prnt(" [xY %16" PRIx64,  xPsnr[COMP_Y] );
        std::string uPSNRHex = dPSNR[COMP_Cb] == MAX_DOUBLE ? prnt(" xU %16s", "inf") : prnt(" xU %16" PRIx64, xPsnr[COMP_Cb] ) ;
        std::string vPSNRHex = dPSNR[COMP_Cr] == MAX_DOUBLE ? prnt(" xV %16s]", "inf") : prnt(" xV %16" PRIx64 "]", xPsnr[COMP_Cr]);

        accessUnit.InfoString.append( yPSNRHex );
        accessUnit.InfoString.append( uPSNRHex );
        accessUnit.InfoString.append( vPSNRHex );
      }

      if( printFrameMSE )
      {
        std::string cFrameMSE = prnt( " [Y MSE %6.4lf  U MSE %6.4lf  V MSE %6.4lf]", MSEyuvframe[COMP_Y], MSEyuvframe[COMP_Cb], MSEyuvframe[COMP_Cr]);
        accessUnit.InfoString.append( cFrameMSE );
      }

      std::string cEncTime = prnt(" [ET %5d ]", pic->encTime.getTimerInSec() );
      accessUnit.InfoString.append( cEncTime );

      std::string cRefPics;
      for( int iRefList = 0; iRefList < 2; iRefList++ )
      {
        std::string tmp = prnt(" [L%d ", iRefList);
        cRefPics.append( tmp );
        for( int iRefIndex = 0; iRefIndex < slice->numRefIdx[ iRefList ]; iRefIndex++ )
        {
          tmp = prnt("%d ", slice->getRefPOC( RefPicList( iRefList ), iRefIndex));
          cRefPics.append( tmp );
        }
        cRefPics.append( "]" );
      }
      accessUnit.InfoString.append( cRefPics );
    }
  }
}

uint64_t EncGOP::xFindDistortionPlane( const CPelBuf& pic0, const CPelBuf& pic1, uint32_t rshift ) const
{
  uint64_t uiTotalDiff;
  const  Pel*  pSrc0 = pic0.bufAt(0, 0);
  const  Pel*  pSrc1 = pic1.bufAt(0, 0);

  CHECK(pic0.width  != pic1.width , "Unspecified error");
  CHECK(pic0.height != pic1.height, "Unspecified error");

  if( rshift > 0 )
  {
    uiTotalDiff = 0;
    for (int y = 0; y < pic0.height; y++)
    {
      for (int x = 0; x < pic0.width; x++)
      {
        Intermediate_Int iTemp = pSrc0[x] - pSrc1[x];
        uiTotalDiff += uint64_t((iTemp * iTemp) >> rshift);
      }
      pSrc0 += pic0.stride;
      pSrc1 += pic1.stride;
    }
  }
  else
  {
    uiTotalDiff = 0;
    for (int y = 0; y < pic0.height; y++)
    {
      for (int x = 0; x < pic0.width; x++)
      {
        Intermediate_Int iTemp = pSrc0[x] - pSrc1[x];
        uiTotalDiff += uint64_t(iTemp * iTemp);
      }
      pSrc0 += pic0.stride;
      pSrc1 += pic1.stride;
    }
  }

  return uiTotalDiff;
}

void EncGOP::xPrintPictureInfo( const Picture& pic, AccessUnitList& accessUnit, const std::string& digestStr, bool printFrameMSE, bool isEncodeLtRef )
{
  double PSNR_Y;
  xAddPSNRStats( &pic, pic.getRecoBuf(), accessUnit, printFrameMSE, &PSNR_Y, isEncodeLtRef );

  if( ! m_isPreAnalysis && m_pcRateCtrl->rcIsFinalPass )
  {
    std::string modeName;
    switch ( m_pcEncCfg->m_decodedPictureHashSEIType )
    {
      case VVENC_HASHTYPE_MD5:
      case VVENC_HASHTYPE_MD5_LOG:
        modeName = "MD5";
        break;
      case VVENC_HASHTYPE_CRC:
      case VVENC_HASHTYPE_CRC_LOG:
        modeName = "CRC";
        break;
      case VVENC_HASHTYPE_CHECKSUM:
      case VVENC_HASHTYPE_CHECKSUM_LOG:
        modeName = "Checksum";
        break;
      default:
        break;
    }

    if ( modeName.length() )
    {
      std::string cDigist = prnt(" [%s:%s]", modeName.c_str(), digestStr.empty() ? "?" : digestStr.c_str() );
      accessUnit.InfoString.append( cDigist );
    }
  }

  if( !accessUnit.InfoString.empty() && m_pcEncCfg->m_verbosity >= VVENC_NOTICE )
  {
    std::string cPicInfo = accessUnit.InfoString;
    cPicInfo.append("\n");
    const vvencMsgLevel msgLevel = m_isPreAnalysis ? VVENC_DETAILS : VVENC_NOTICE;
    msg.log( msgLevel, cPicInfo.c_str() );
    if( m_pcEncCfg->m_verbosity >= msgLevel ) fflush( stdout );
  }
}

void EncGOP::xForceScc( Picture& pic )
{
  if( pic.gopEntry->m_isStartOfGop )
  {
    m_forceSCC = pic.m_picShared->m_forceSCC;
  }
  if( m_forceSCC && (!pic.isSccStrong || !pic.isSccWeak) )
  {
    pic.isSccStrong = true;
    pic.isSccWeak = true;
    pic.setSccFlags(m_pcEncCfg);
  }
}

} // namespace vvenc

//! \}


Coverage Report

Created: 2026-10-17 06:56