Coverage Report

Created: 2026-02-14 07:08

next uncovered line (L), next uncovered region (R), next uncovered branch (B)
/src/libwebp/src/enc/syntax_enc.c
Line
Count
Source
1
// Copyright 2011 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
2
//
3
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
4
// that can be found in the COPYING file in the root of the source
5
// tree. An additional intellectual property rights grant can be found
6
// in the file PATENTS. All contributing project authors may
7
// be found in the AUTHORS file in the root of the source tree.
8
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
9
//
10
// Header syntax writing
11
//
12
// Author: Skal (pascal.massimino@gmail.com)
13
14
#include <assert.h>
15
#include <stddef.h>
16
17
#include "src/dec/common_dec.h"
18
#include "src/enc/vp8i_enc.h"
19
#include "src/utils/bit_writer_utils.h"
20
#include "src/utils/utils.h"
21
#include "src/webp/encode.h"
22
#include "src/webp/format_constants.h"  // RIFF constants
23
#include "src/webp/mux_types.h"         // ALPHA_FLAG
24
#include "src/webp/types.h"
25
26
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
27
// Helper functions
28
29
183k
static int IsVP8XNeeded(const VP8Encoder* const enc) {
30
183k
  return !!enc->has_alpha;  // Currently the only case when VP8X is needed.
31
                            // This could change in the future.
32
183k
}
33
34
74.5k
static int PutPaddingByte(const WebPPicture* const pic) {
35
74.5k
  const uint8_t pad_byte[1] = {0};
36
74.5k
  return !!pic->writer(pad_byte, 1, pic);
37
74.5k
}
38
39
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
40
// Writers for header's various pieces (in order of appearance)
41
42
static WebPEncodingError PutRIFFHeader(const VP8Encoder* const enc,
43
91.7k
                                       size_t riff_size) {
44
91.7k
  const WebPPicture* const pic = enc->pic;
45
91.7k
  uint8_t riff[RIFF_HEADER_SIZE] = {'R', 'I', 'F', 'F', 0,   0,
46
91.7k
                                    0,   0,   'W', 'E', 'B', 'P'};
47
91.7k
  assert(riff_size == (uint32_t)riff_size);
48
91.7k
  PutLE32(riff + TAG_SIZE, (uint32_t)riff_size);
49
91.7k
  if (!pic->writer(riff, sizeof(riff), pic)) {
50
0
    return VP8_ENC_ERROR_BAD_WRITE;
51
0
  }
52
91.7k
  return VP8_ENC_OK;
53
91.7k
}
54
55
50.7k
static WebPEncodingError PutVP8XHeader(const VP8Encoder* const enc) {
56
50.7k
  const WebPPicture* const pic = enc->pic;
57
50.7k
  uint8_t vp8x[CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE + VP8X_CHUNK_SIZE] = {'V', 'P', '8', 'X'};
58
50.7k
  uint32_t flags = 0;
59
60
50.7k
  assert(IsVP8XNeeded(enc));
61
50.7k
  assert(pic->width >= 1 && pic->height >= 1);
62
50.7k
  assert(pic->width <= MAX_CANVAS_SIZE && pic->height <= MAX_CANVAS_SIZE);
63
64
50.7k
  if (enc->has_alpha) {
65
50.7k
    flags |= ALPHA_FLAG;
66
50.7k
  }
67
68
50.7k
  PutLE32(vp8x + TAG_SIZE, VP8X_CHUNK_SIZE);
69
50.7k
  PutLE32(vp8x + CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE, flags);
70
50.7k
  PutLE24(vp8x + CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE + 4, pic->width - 1);
71
50.7k
  PutLE24(vp8x + CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE + 7, pic->height - 1);
72
50.7k
  if (!pic->writer(vp8x, sizeof(vp8x), pic)) {
73
0
    return VP8_ENC_ERROR_BAD_WRITE;
74
0
  }
75
50.7k
  return VP8_ENC_OK;
76
50.7k
}
77
78
50.7k
static WebPEncodingError PutAlphaChunk(const VP8Encoder* const enc) {
79
50.7k
  const WebPPicture* const pic = enc->pic;
80
50.7k
  uint8_t alpha_chunk_hdr[CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE] = {'A', 'L', 'P', 'H'};
81
82
50.7k
  assert(enc->has_alpha);
83
84
  // Alpha chunk header.
85
50.7k
  PutLE32(alpha_chunk_hdr + TAG_SIZE, enc->alpha_data_size);
86
50.7k
  if (!pic->writer(alpha_chunk_hdr, sizeof(alpha_chunk_hdr), pic)) {
87
0
    return VP8_ENC_ERROR_BAD_WRITE;
88
0
  }
89
90
  // Alpha chunk data.
91
50.7k
  if (!pic->writer(enc->alpha_data, enc->alpha_data_size, pic)) {
92
0
    return VP8_ENC_ERROR_BAD_WRITE;
93
0
  }
94
95
  // Padding.
96
50.7k
  if ((enc->alpha_data_size & 1) && !PutPaddingByte(pic)) {
97
0
    return VP8_ENC_ERROR_BAD_WRITE;
98
0
  }
99
50.7k
  return VP8_ENC_OK;
100
50.7k
}
101
102
static WebPEncodingError PutVP8Header(const WebPPicture* const pic,
103
91.7k
                                      size_t vp8_size) {
104
91.7k
  uint8_t vp8_chunk_hdr[CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE] = {'V', 'P', '8', ' '};
105
91.7k
  assert(vp8_size == (uint32_t)vp8_size);
106
91.7k
  PutLE32(vp8_chunk_hdr + TAG_SIZE, (uint32_t)vp8_size);
107
91.7k
  if (!pic->writer(vp8_chunk_hdr, sizeof(vp8_chunk_hdr), pic)) {
108
0
    return VP8_ENC_ERROR_BAD_WRITE;
109
0
  }
110
91.7k
  return VP8_ENC_OK;
111
91.7k
}
112
113
static WebPEncodingError PutVP8FrameHeader(const WebPPicture* const pic,
114
91.7k
                                           int profile, size_t size0) {
115
91.7k
  uint8_t vp8_frm_hdr[VP8_FRAME_HEADER_SIZE];
116
91.7k
  uint32_t bits;
117
118
91.7k
  if (size0 >= VP8_MAX_PARTITION0_SIZE) {  // partition #0 is too big to fit
119
0
    return VP8_ENC_ERROR_PARTITION0_OVERFLOW;
120
0
  }
121
122
  // Paragraph 9.1.
123
91.7k
  bits = 0                          // keyframe (1b)
124
91.7k
         | (profile << 1)           // profile (3b)
125
91.7k
         | (1 << 4)                 // visible (1b)
126
91.7k
         | ((uint32_t)size0 << 5);  // partition length (19b)
127
91.7k
  vp8_frm_hdr[0] = (bits >> 0) & 0xff;
128
91.7k
  vp8_frm_hdr[1] = (bits >> 8) & 0xff;
129
91.7k
  vp8_frm_hdr[2] = (bits >> 16) & 0xff;
130
  // signature
131
91.7k
  vp8_frm_hdr[3] = (VP8_SIGNATURE >> 16) & 0xff;
132
91.7k
  vp8_frm_hdr[4] = (VP8_SIGNATURE >> 8) & 0xff;
133
91.7k
  vp8_frm_hdr[5] = (VP8_SIGNATURE >> 0) & 0xff;
134
  // dimensions
135
91.7k
  vp8_frm_hdr[6] = pic->width & 0xff;
136
91.7k
  vp8_frm_hdr[7] = pic->width >> 8;
137
91.7k
  vp8_frm_hdr[8] = pic->height & 0xff;
138
91.7k
  vp8_frm_hdr[9] = pic->height >> 8;
139
140
91.7k
  if (!pic->writer(vp8_frm_hdr, sizeof(vp8_frm_hdr), pic)) {
141
0
    return VP8_ENC_ERROR_BAD_WRITE;
142
0
  }
143
91.7k
  return VP8_ENC_OK;
144
91.7k
}
145
146
// WebP Headers.
147
static int PutWebPHeaders(const VP8Encoder* const enc, size_t size0,
148
91.7k
                          size_t vp8_size, size_t riff_size) {
149
91.7k
  WebPPicture* const pic = enc->pic;
150
91.7k
  WebPEncodingError err = VP8_ENC_OK;
151
152
  // RIFF header.
153
91.7k
  err = PutRIFFHeader(enc, riff_size);
154
91.7k
  if (err != VP8_ENC_OK) goto Error;
155
156
  // VP8X.
157
91.7k
  if (IsVP8XNeeded(enc)) {
158
50.7k
    err = PutVP8XHeader(enc);
159
50.7k
    if (err != VP8_ENC_OK) goto Error;
160
50.7k
  }
161
162
  // Alpha.
163
91.7k
  if (enc->has_alpha) {
164
50.7k
    err = PutAlphaChunk(enc);
165
50.7k
    if (err != VP8_ENC_OK) goto Error;
166
50.7k
  }
167
168
  // VP8 header.
169
91.7k
  err = PutVP8Header(pic, vp8_size);
170
91.7k
  if (err != VP8_ENC_OK) goto Error;
171
172
  // VP8 frame header.
173
91.7k
  err = PutVP8FrameHeader(pic, enc->profile, size0);
174
91.7k
  if (err != VP8_ENC_OK) goto Error;
175
176
  // All OK.
177
91.7k
  return 1;
178
179
  // Error.
180
0
Error:
181
0
  return WebPEncodingSetError(pic, err);
182
91.7k
}
183
184
// Segmentation header
185
static void PutSegmentHeader(VP8BitWriter* const bw,
186
91.7k
                             const VP8Encoder* const enc) {
187
91.7k
  const VP8EncSegmentHeader* const hdr = &enc->segment_hdr;
188
91.7k
  const VP8EncProba* const proba = &enc->proba;
189
91.7k
  if (VP8PutBitUniform(bw, (hdr->num_segments > 1))) {
190
    // We always 'update' the quant and filter strength values
191
31.1k
    const int update_data = 1;
192
31.1k
    int s;
193
31.1k
    VP8PutBitUniform(bw, hdr->update_map);
194
31.1k
    if (VP8PutBitUniform(bw, update_data)) {
195
      // we always use absolute values, not relative ones
196
31.1k
      VP8PutBitUniform(bw, 1);  // (segment_feature_mode = 1. Paragraph 9.3.)
197
155k
      for (s = 0; s < NUM_MB_SEGMENTS; ++s) {
198
124k
        VP8PutSignedBits(bw, enc->dqm[s].quant, 7);
199
124k
      }
200
155k
      for (s = 0; s < NUM_MB_SEGMENTS; ++s) {
201
124k
        VP8PutSignedBits(bw, enc->dqm[s].fstrength, 6);
202
124k
      }
203
31.1k
    }
204
31.1k
    if (hdr->update_map) {
205
120k
      for (s = 0; s < 3; ++s) {
206
90.4k
        if (VP8PutBitUniform(bw, (proba->segments[s] != 255u))) {
207
45.4k
          VP8PutBits(bw, proba->segments[s], 8);
208
45.4k
        }
209
90.4k
      }
210
30.1k
    }
211
31.1k
  }
212
91.7k
}
213
214
// Filtering parameters header
215
static void PutFilterHeader(VP8BitWriter* const bw,
216
91.7k
                            const VP8EncFilterHeader* const hdr) {
217
91.7k
  const int use_lf_delta = (hdr->i4x4_lf_delta != 0);
218
91.7k
  VP8PutBitUniform(bw, hdr->simple);
219
91.7k
  VP8PutBits(bw, hdr->level, 6);
220
91.7k
  VP8PutBits(bw, hdr->sharpness, 3);
221
91.7k
  if (VP8PutBitUniform(bw, use_lf_delta)) {
222
    // '0' is the default value for i4x4_lf_delta at frame #0.
223
0
    const int need_update = (hdr->i4x4_lf_delta != 0);
224
0
    if (VP8PutBitUniform(bw, need_update)) {
225
      // we don't use ref_lf_delta => emit four 0 bits
226
0
      VP8PutBits(bw, 0, 4);
227
      // we use mode_lf_delta for i4x4
228
0
      VP8PutSignedBits(bw, hdr->i4x4_lf_delta, 6);
229
0
      VP8PutBits(bw, 0, 3);  // all others unused
230
0
    }
231
0
  }
232
91.7k
}
233
234
// Nominal quantization parameters
235
91.7k
static void PutQuant(VP8BitWriter* const bw, const VP8Encoder* const enc) {
236
91.7k
  VP8PutBits(bw, enc->base_quant, 7);
237
91.7k
  VP8PutSignedBits(bw, enc->dq_y1_dc, 4);
238
91.7k
  VP8PutSignedBits(bw, enc->dq_y2_dc, 4);
239
91.7k
  VP8PutSignedBits(bw, enc->dq_y2_ac, 4);
240
91.7k
  VP8PutSignedBits(bw, enc->dq_uv_dc, 4);
241
91.7k
  VP8PutSignedBits(bw, enc->dq_uv_ac, 4);
242
91.7k
}
243
244
// Partition sizes
245
static int EmitPartitionsSize(const VP8Encoder* const enc,
246
91.7k
                              WebPPicture* const pic) {
247
91.7k
  uint8_t buf[3 * (MAX_NUM_PARTITIONS - 1)];
248
91.7k
  int p;
249
282k
  for (p = 0; p < enc->num_parts - 1; ++p) {
250
190k
    const size_t part_size = VP8BitWriterSize(enc->parts + p);
251
190k
    if (part_size >= VP8_MAX_PARTITION_SIZE) {
252
0
      return WebPEncodingSetError(pic, VP8_ENC_ERROR_PARTITION_OVERFLOW);
253
0
    }
254
190k
    buf[3 * p + 0] = (part_size >> 0) & 0xff;
255
190k
    buf[3 * p + 1] = (part_size >> 8) & 0xff;
256
190k
    buf[3 * p + 2] = (part_size >> 16) & 0xff;
257
190k
  }
258
91.7k
  if (p && !pic->writer(buf, 3 * p, pic)) {
259
0
    return WebPEncodingSetError(pic, VP8_ENC_ERROR_BAD_WRITE);
260
0
  }
261
91.7k
  return 1;
262
91.7k
}
263
264
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
265
266
91.7k
static int GeneratePartition0(VP8Encoder* const enc) {
267
91.7k
  VP8BitWriter* const bw = &enc->bw;
268
91.7k
  const int mb_size = enc->mb_w * enc->mb_h;
269
91.7k
  uint64_t pos1, pos2, pos3;
270
271
91.7k
  pos1 = VP8BitWriterPos(bw);
272
91.7k
  if (!VP8BitWriterInit(bw, mb_size * 7 / 8)) {  // ~7 bits per macroblock
273
0
    return WebPEncodingSetError(enc->pic, VP8_ENC_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY);
274
0
  }
275
91.7k
  VP8PutBitUniform(bw, 0);  // colorspace
276
91.7k
  VP8PutBitUniform(bw, 0);  // clamp type
277
278
91.7k
  PutSegmentHeader(bw, enc);
279
91.7k
  PutFilterHeader(bw, &enc->filter_hdr);
280
91.7k
  VP8PutBits(bw,
281
91.7k
             enc->num_parts == 8   ? 3
282
91.7k
             : enc->num_parts == 4 ? 2
283
71.6k
             : enc->num_parts == 2 ? 1
284
59.0k
                                   : 0,
285
91.7k
             2);
286
91.7k
  PutQuant(bw, enc);
287
91.7k
  VP8PutBitUniform(bw, 0);  // no proba update
288
91.7k
  VP8WriteProbas(bw, &enc->proba);
289
91.7k
  pos2 = VP8BitWriterPos(bw);
290
91.7k
  VP8CodeIntraModes(enc);
291
91.7k
  VP8BitWriterFinish(bw);
292
293
91.7k
  pos3 = VP8BitWriterPos(bw);
294
295
91.7k
#if !defined(WEBP_DISABLE_STATS)
296
91.7k
  if (enc->pic->stats) {
297
0
    enc->pic->stats->header_bytes[0] = (int)((pos2 - pos1 + 7) >> 3);
298
0
    enc->pic->stats->header_bytes[1] = (int)((pos3 - pos2 + 7) >> 3);
299
0
    enc->pic->stats->alpha_data_size = (int)enc->alpha_data_size;
300
0
  }
301
#else
302
  (void)pos1;
303
  (void)pos2;
304
  (void)pos3;
305
#endif
306
91.7k
  if (bw->error) {
307
0
    return WebPEncodingSetError(enc->pic, VP8_ENC_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY);
308
0
  }
309
91.7k
  return 1;
310
91.7k
}
311
312
0
void VP8EncFreeBitWriters(VP8Encoder* const enc) {
313
0
  int p;
314
0
  VP8BitWriterWipeOut(&enc->bw);
315
0
  for (p = 0; p < enc->num_parts; ++p) {
316
0
    VP8BitWriterWipeOut(enc->parts + p);
317
0
  }
318
0
}
319
320
91.7k
int VP8EncWrite(VP8Encoder* const enc) {
321
91.7k
  WebPPicture* const pic = enc->pic;
322
91.7k
  VP8BitWriter* const bw = &enc->bw;
323
91.7k
  const int task_percent = 19;
324
91.7k
  const int percent_per_part = task_percent / enc->num_parts;
325
91.7k
  const int final_percent = enc->percent + task_percent;
326
91.7k
  int ok = 0;
327
91.7k
  size_t vp8_size, pad, riff_size;
328
91.7k
  int p;
329
330
  // Partition #0 with header and partition sizes
331
91.7k
  ok = GeneratePartition0(enc);
332
91.7k
  if (!ok) return 0;
333
334
  // Compute VP8 size
335
91.7k
  vp8_size =
336
91.7k
      VP8_FRAME_HEADER_SIZE + VP8BitWriterSize(bw) + 3 * (enc->num_parts - 1);
337
374k
  for (p = 0; p < enc->num_parts; ++p) {
338
282k
    vp8_size += VP8BitWriterSize(enc->parts + p);
339
282k
  }
340
91.7k
  pad = vp8_size & 1;
341
91.7k
  vp8_size += pad;
342
343
  // Compute RIFF size
344
  // At the minimum it is: "WEBPVP8 nnnn" + VP8 data size.
345
91.7k
  riff_size = TAG_SIZE + CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE + vp8_size;
346
91.7k
  if (IsVP8XNeeded(enc)) {  // Add size for: VP8X header + data.
347
50.7k
    riff_size += CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE + VP8X_CHUNK_SIZE;
348
50.7k
  }
349
91.7k
  if (enc->has_alpha) {  // Add size for: ALPH header + data.
350
50.7k
    const uint32_t padded_alpha_size =
351
50.7k
        enc->alpha_data_size + (enc->alpha_data_size & 1);
352
50.7k
    riff_size += CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE + padded_alpha_size;
353
50.7k
  }
354
  // RIFF size should fit in 32-bits.
355
91.7k
  if (riff_size > 0xfffffffeU) {
356
0
    return WebPEncodingSetError(pic, VP8_ENC_ERROR_FILE_TOO_BIG);
357
0
  }
358
359
  // Emit headers and partition #0
360
91.7k
  {
361
91.7k
    const uint8_t* const part0 = VP8BitWriterBuf(bw);
362
91.7k
    const size_t size0 = VP8BitWriterSize(bw);
363
91.7k
    ok = ok && PutWebPHeaders(enc, size0, vp8_size, riff_size) &&
364
91.7k
         pic->writer(part0, size0, pic) && EmitPartitionsSize(enc, pic);
365
91.7k
    VP8BitWriterWipeOut(bw);  // will free the internal buffer.
366
91.7k
  }
367
368
  // Token partitions
369
374k
  for (p = 0; p < enc->num_parts; ++p) {
370
282k
    const uint8_t* const buf = VP8BitWriterBuf(enc->parts + p);
371
282k
    const size_t size = VP8BitWriterSize(enc->parts + p);
372
282k
    if (size) ok = ok && pic->writer(buf, size, pic);
373
282k
    VP8BitWriterWipeOut(enc->parts + p);  // will free the internal buffer.
374
282k
    ok = ok && WebPReportProgress(pic, enc->percent + percent_per_part,
375
282k
                                  &enc->percent);
376
282k
  }
377
378
  // Padding byte
379
91.7k
  if (ok && pad) {
380
46.5k
    ok = PutPaddingByte(pic);
381
46.5k
  }
382
383
91.7k
  enc->coded_size = (int)(CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE + riff_size);
384
91.7k
  ok = ok && WebPReportProgress(pic, final_percent, &enc->percent);
385
91.7k
  if (!ok) WebPEncodingSetError(pic, VP8_ENC_ERROR_BAD_WRITE);
386
91.7k
  return ok;
387
91.7k
}
388
389
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------