/*

 * Index functions

 *

 * Copyright (C) 2008-2026, Joachim Metz <joachim.metz@gmail.com>

 *

 * Refer to AUTHORS for acknowledgements.

 *

 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify

 * it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by

 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or

 * (at your option) any later version.

 *

 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the

 * GNU General Public License for more details.

 *

 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License

 * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

 */

#include <common.h>

#include <byte_stream.h>

#include <memory.h>

#include <types.h>

#include "libpff_block_descriptor.h"

#include "libpff_block_tree.h"

#include "libpff_block_tree_node.h"

#include "libpff_definitions.h"

#include "libpff_index.h"

#include "libpff_index_node.h"

#include "libpff_index_value.h"

#include "libpff_libbfio.h"

#include "libpff_libcerror.h"

#include "libpff_libcnotify.h"

#include "libpff_libfdata.h"

#include "libpff_libfmapi.h"

#include "libpff_unused.h"

#include "pff_index_node.h"

/* Creates an index

 * Make sure the value index is referencing, is set to NULL

 * Returns 1 if successful or -1 on error

 */

int libpff_index_initialize(

     libpff_index_t **index,

     uint8_t index_type,

     off64_t root_node_offset,

     uint64_t root_node_back_pointer,

     libcerror_error_t **error )

{

  static char *function = "libpff_index_initialize";

  if( index == NULL )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_ARGUMENTS,

     LIBCERROR_ARGUMENT_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE,

     "%s: invalid index.",

     function );

    return( -1 );

  }

  if( *index != NULL )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

     LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_VALUE_ALREADY_SET,

     "%s: invalid index value already set.",

     function );

    return( -1 );

  }

  *index = memory_allocate_structure(

            libpff_index_t );

  if( *index == NULL )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_MEMORY,

     LIBCERROR_MEMORY_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT,

     "%s: unable to create index.",

     function );

    goto on_error;

  }

  if( memory_set(

       *index,

       0,

       sizeof( libpff_index_t ) ) == NULL )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_MEMORY,

     LIBCERROR_MEMORY_ERROR_SET_FAILED,

     "%s: unable to clear index.",

     function );

    goto on_error;

  }

  ( *index )->type                   = index_type;

  ( *index )->root_node_offset       = root_node_offset;

  ( *index )->root_node_back_pointer = root_node_back_pointer;

  return( 1 );

on_error:

  if( *index != NULL )

  {

    memory_free(

     *index );

    *index = NULL;

  }

  return( -1 );

}

/* Frees an index

 * Returns 1 if successful or -1 on error

 */

int libpff_index_free(

     libpff_index_t **index,

     libcerror_error_t **error )

{

  static char *function = "libpff_index_free";

  if( index == NULL )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_ARGUMENTS,

     LIBCERROR_ARGUMENT_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE,

     "%s: invalid index.",

     function );

    return( -1 );

  }

  if( *index != NULL )

  {

    memory_free(

     *index );

    *index = NULL;

  }

  return( 1 );

}

/* Checks if this is the first time the index node block is being read

 * Returns 1 if successful or -1 on error

 */

int libpff_index_check_if_node_block_first_read(

     libpff_index_t *index,

     libpff_block_tree_t *node_block_tree,

     off64_t node_offset,

     uint64_t identifier,

     libcerror_error_t **error )

{

  libpff_block_descriptor_t *existing_block_descriptor = NULL;

  libpff_block_descriptor_t *new_block_descriptor      = NULL;

  libpff_block_tree_node_t *leaf_block_tree_node       = NULL;

  static char *function                                = "libpff_index_check_if_node_block_first_read";

  int leaf_value_index                                 = 0;

  int result                                           = 0;

  if( index == NULL )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_ARGUMENTS,

     LIBCERROR_ARGUMENT_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE,

     "%s: invalid index.",

     function );

    return( -1 );

  }

  if( libpff_block_descriptor_initialize(

       &new_block_descriptor,

       error ) != 1 )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

     LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_INITIALIZE_FAILED,

     "%s: unable to create block descriptor.",

     function );

    goto on_error;

  }

  new_block_descriptor->identifier = identifier;

  result = libpff_block_tree_insert_block_descriptor_by_offset(

            node_block_tree,

            node_offset,

            new_block_descriptor,

            &leaf_value_index,

            &leaf_block_tree_node,

            &existing_block_descriptor,

            error );

  if( result == -1 )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

     LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_APPEND_FAILED,

     "%s: unable to insert block descriptor for index node at offset: %" PRIi64 " (0x%08" PRIx64 ") in node block tree.",

     function,

     node_offset,

     node_offset );

    goto on_error;

  }

  else if( result == 0 )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

     LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_VALUE_OUT_OF_BOUNDS,

     "%s: invalid index node at offset: %" PRIi64 " (0x%08" PRIx64 ") value already exists.",

     function,

     node_offset,

     node_offset );

    goto on_error;

  }

  new_block_descriptor = NULL;

  return( 1 );

on_error:

  if( new_block_descriptor != NULL )

  {

    libpff_block_descriptor_free(

     &new_block_descriptor,

     NULL );

  }

  return( -1 );

}

/* Retrieves the leaf node from an index node for the specific identifier

 * Returns 1 if successful, 0 if no leaf node was found or -1 on error

 */

int libpff_index_get_leaf_node_from_node_by_identifier(

     libpff_index_t *index,

     libpff_io_handle_t *io_handle,

     libbfio_handle_t *file_io_handle,

     libpff_block_tree_t *node_block_tree,

     off64_t node_offset,

     uint64_t node_back_pointer,

     uint64_t identifier,

     libpff_index_node_t **leaf_node,

     uint16_t *leaf_node_entry_index,

     libcerror_error_t **error )

{

  libpff_index_node_t *index_node = NULL;

  uint8_t *node_entry_data        = NULL;

  static char *function           = "libpff_index_get_leaf_node_from_node_by_identifier";

  uint64_t entry_identifier       = 0;

  uint64_t sub_node_back_pointer  = 0;

  uint64_t sub_node_offset        = 0;

  uint16_t entry_index            = 0;

  int result                      = 0;

  if( index == NULL )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_ARGUMENTS,

     LIBCERROR_ARGUMENT_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE,

     "%s: invalid index.",

     function );

    return( -1 );

  }

  if( io_handle == NULL )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_ARGUMENTS,

     LIBCERROR_ARGUMENT_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE,

     "%s: invalid IO handle.",

     function );

    return( -1 );

  }

  if( leaf_node == NULL )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_ARGUMENTS,

     LIBCERROR_ARGUMENT_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE,

     "%s: invalid leaf node.",

     function );

    return( -1 );

  }

  if( leaf_node_entry_index == NULL )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_ARGUMENTS,

     LIBCERROR_ARGUMENT_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE,

     "%s: invalid leaf node entry index.",

     function );

    return( -1 );

  }

#if defined( HAVE_DEBUG_OUTPUT )

  if( libcnotify_verbose != 0 )

  {

    libcnotify_printf(

     "%s: requested identifier\t: 0x%08" PRIx64 " (%" PRIu64 ").\n",

     function,

     identifier,

     identifier );

  }

#endif

  if( libpff_index_check_if_node_block_first_read(

       index,

       node_block_tree,

       node_offset,

       identifier,

       error ) != 1 )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

     LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_GENERIC,

     "%s: unable to check if first read of index node at offset: %" PRIi64 " (0x%08" PRIx64 ").",

     function,

     node_offset,

     node_offset );

    goto on_error;

  }

  if( libpff_index_node_initialize(

       &index_node,

       error ) != 1 )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

     LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_INITIALIZE_FAILED,

     "%s: unable to create index node.",

     function );

    goto on_error;

  }

  if( libpff_index_node_read_file_io_handle(

       index_node,

       file_io_handle,

       node_offset,

       io_handle->file_type,

       error ) != 1 )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_IO,

     LIBCERROR_IO_ERROR_READ_FAILED,

     "%s: unable to read index node at offset: %" PRIi64 " (0x%08" PRIx64 ").",

     function,

     node_offset,

     node_offset );

    goto on_error;

  }

  if( index->type != index_node->type )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

     LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_VALUE_OUT_OF_BOUNDS,

     "%s: index type mismatch (index: 0x%02" PRIx8 ", node: 0x%02" PRIx8 ").",

     function,

     index->type,

     index_node->type );

    /* TODO error tollerance */

    goto on_error;

  }

  if( index_node->level != LIBPFF_INDEX_NODE_LEVEL_LEAF )

  {

    if( index_node->back_pointer != node_back_pointer )

    {

      libcerror_error_set(

       error,

       LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

       LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_VALUE_OUT_OF_BOUNDS,

       "%s: back pointer mismatch (index entry: %" PRIu64 ", node: %" PRIu64 ").",

       function,

       node_back_pointer,

       index_node->back_pointer );

      /* TODO error tollerance */

      goto on_error;

    }

  }

  for( entry_index = 0;

       entry_index < index_node->number_of_entries;

       entry_index++ )

  {

    if( libpff_index_node_get_entry_data(

         index_node,

         entry_index,

         &node_entry_data,

         error ) != 1 )

    {

      libcerror_error_set(

       error,

       LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

       LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_GET_FAILED,

       "%s: unable to retrieve node entry: %" PRIu16 " data.",

       function,

       entry_index );

      goto on_error;

    }

    if( node_entry_data == NULL )

    {

      libcerror_error_set(

       error,

       LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

       LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_VALUE_MISSING,

       "%s: missing node entry: %" PRIu16 " data.",

       function,

       entry_index );

      goto on_error;

    }

    if( io_handle->file_type == LIBPFF_FILE_TYPE_32BIT )

    {

      byte_stream_copy_to_uint32_little_endian(

       ( (pff_index_node_branch_entry_32bit_t *) node_entry_data )->identifier,

       entry_identifier );

    }

    else if( ( io_handle->file_type == LIBPFF_FILE_TYPE_64BIT )

          || ( io_handle->file_type == LIBPFF_FILE_TYPE_64BIT_4K_PAGE ) )

    {

      byte_stream_copy_to_uint64_little_endian(

       ( (pff_index_node_branch_entry_64bit_t *) node_entry_data )->identifier,

       entry_identifier );

    }

#if defined( HAVE_DEBUG_OUTPUT )

    if( libcnotify_verbose != 0 )

    {

      libcnotify_printf(

       "%s: node entry: %" PRIu16 " identifier\t: 0x%08" PRIx64 " (%" PRIu64 ").\n",

       function,

       entry_index,

       entry_identifier,

       entry_identifier );

    }

#endif

    /* Ignore the upper 32-bit of descriptor identifiers

     */

    if( index_node->type == LIBPFF_INDEX_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR )

    {

      entry_identifier &= 0xffffffffUL;

    }

    if( index_node->level != LIBPFF_INDEX_NODE_LEVEL_LEAF )

    {

      if( ( entry_index == 0 )

       || ( identifier >= entry_identifier ) )

      {

        if( io_handle->file_type == LIBPFF_FILE_TYPE_32BIT )

        {

          byte_stream_copy_to_uint32_little_endian(

           ( (pff_index_node_branch_entry_32bit_t *) node_entry_data )->file_offset,

           sub_node_offset );

          byte_stream_copy_to_uint32_little_endian(

           ( (pff_index_node_branch_entry_32bit_t *) node_entry_data )->back_pointer,

           sub_node_back_pointer );

        }

        else if( ( io_handle->file_type == LIBPFF_FILE_TYPE_64BIT )

              || ( io_handle->file_type == LIBPFF_FILE_TYPE_64BIT_4K_PAGE ) )

        {

          byte_stream_copy_to_uint64_little_endian(

           ( (pff_index_node_branch_entry_64bit_t *) node_entry_data )->file_offset,

           sub_node_offset );

          byte_stream_copy_to_uint64_little_endian(

           ( (pff_index_node_branch_entry_64bit_t *) node_entry_data )->back_pointer,

           sub_node_back_pointer );

        }

      }

    }

    else if( identifier == entry_identifier )

    {

      *leaf_node             = index_node;

      *leaf_node_entry_index = entry_index;

      result = 1;

    }

    /* A branch node contains the identifier of its first sub node

     */

    if( identifier <= entry_identifier )

    {

      break;

    }

  }

  if( index_node->level != LIBPFF_INDEX_NODE_LEVEL_LEAF )

  {

    if( sub_node_offset > (uint64_t) INT64_MAX )

    {

      libcerror_error_set(

       error,

       LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

       LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_VALUE_OUT_OF_BOUNDS,

       "%s: invalid sub node offset value out of bounds.",

       function );

      goto on_error;

    }

    result = libpff_index_get_leaf_node_from_node_by_identifier(

        index,

        io_handle,

        file_io_handle,

        node_block_tree,

        sub_node_offset,

        sub_node_back_pointer,

        identifier,

        leaf_node,

        leaf_node_entry_index,

        error );

    if( result == -1 )

    {

      libcerror_error_set(

       error,

       LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

       LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_GET_FAILED,

       "%s: unable to retrieve leaf node by identifier: 0x%08" PRIx64 " (%" PRIu64 ") from node at offset: %" PRIi64 " (0x%08" PRIx64 ").",

       function,

       identifier,

       identifier,

       node_offset,

       node_offset );

      goto on_error;

    }

  }

  if( ( index_node != NULL )

   && ( index_node != *leaf_node ) )

  {

    if( libpff_index_node_free(

         &index_node,

         error ) != 1 )

    {

      libcerror_error_set(

       error,

       LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

       LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_FINALIZE_FAILED,

       "%s: unable to free index node.",

       function );

      goto on_error;

    }

  }

  return( result );

on_error:

  if( index_node != NULL )

  {

    libpff_index_node_free(

     &index_node,

     NULL );

  }

  return( -1 );

}

/* Retrieves the value for the specific identifier

 * Returns 1 if successful, 0 if no value was found or -1 on error

 */

int libpff_index_get_value_by_identifier(

     libpff_index_t *index,

     libpff_io_handle_t *io_handle,

     libbfio_handle_t *file_io_handle,

     uint64_t identifier,

     libpff_index_value_t **index_value,

     libcerror_error_t **error )

{

  libpff_block_tree_t *node_block_tree   = NULL;

  libpff_index_node_t *leaf_node         = NULL;

  libpff_index_value_t *safe_index_value = NULL;

  uint8_t *node_entry_data               = NULL;

  static char *function                  = "libpff_index_get_value_by_identifier";

  size_t index_node_size                 = 0;

  uint16_t leaf_node_entry_index         = 0;

  int result                             = 0;

  if( index == NULL )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_ARGUMENTS,

     LIBCERROR_ARGUMENT_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE,

     "%s: invalid index.",

     function );

    return( -1 );

  }

  if( io_handle == NULL )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_ARGUMENTS,

     LIBCERROR_ARGUMENT_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE,

     "%s: invalid IO handle.",

     function );

    return( -1 );

  }

  if( index_value == NULL )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_ARGUMENTS,

     LIBCERROR_ARGUMENT_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE,

     "%s: invalid index value.",

     function );

    return( -1 );

  }

  if( ( io_handle->file_type == LIBPFF_FILE_TYPE_32BIT )

   || ( io_handle->file_type == LIBPFF_FILE_TYPE_64BIT ) )

  {

    index_node_size = 512;

  }

  else if( io_handle->file_type == LIBPFF_FILE_TYPE_64BIT_4K_PAGE )

  {

    index_node_size = 4096;

  }

  if( libpff_block_tree_initialize(

       &node_block_tree,

       io_handle->file_size,

       index_node_size,

       error ) != 1 )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

     LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_INITIALIZE_FAILED,

     "%s: unable to create index node block tree.",

     function );

    goto on_error;

  }

#if defined( HAVE_DEBUG_OUTPUT )

  if( libcnotify_verbose != 0 )

  {

    libcnotify_printf(

     "%s: requested identifier\t\t: 0x%08" PRIx64 " (%" PRIu64 ").\n",

     function,

     identifier,

     identifier );

  }

#endif

  result = libpff_index_get_leaf_node_from_node_by_identifier(

      index,

      io_handle,

      file_io_handle,

      node_block_tree,

      index->root_node_offset,

      index->root_node_back_pointer,

      identifier,

      &leaf_node,

      &leaf_node_entry_index,

      error );

  if( result == -1 )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

     LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_GET_FAILED,

     "%s: unable to retrieve leaf node by identifier: 0x%08" PRIx64 " (%" PRIu64 ") from root node.",

     function,

     identifier,

     identifier );

    goto on_error;

  }

  else if( result != 0 )

  {

    if( libpff_index_node_get_entry_data(

         leaf_node,

         leaf_node_entry_index,

         &node_entry_data,

         error ) != 1 )

    {

      libcerror_error_set(

       error,

       LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

       LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_GET_FAILED,

       "%s: unable to retrieve node entry: %" PRIu16 " data.",

       function,

       leaf_node_entry_index );

      goto on_error;

    }

    if( node_entry_data == NULL )

    {

      libcerror_error_set(

       error,

       LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

       LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_VALUE_MISSING,

       "%s: missing node entry: %" PRIu16 " data.",

       function,

       leaf_node_entry_index );

      goto on_error;

    }

    if( libpff_index_value_initialize(

         &safe_index_value,

         error ) != 1 )

    {

      libcerror_error_set(

       error,

       LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

       LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_INITIALIZE_FAILED,

       "%s: unable to create index value.",

       function );

      goto on_error;

    }

    if( libpff_index_value_read_data(

         safe_index_value,

         io_handle,

         index->type,

         node_entry_data,

         (size_t) leaf_node->entry_size,

         error ) != 1 )

    {

      libcerror_error_set(

       error,

       LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_IO,

       LIBCERROR_IO_ERROR_READ_FAILED,

       "%s: unable to read index value.",

       function );

      goto on_error;

    }

    if( libpff_index_node_free(

         &leaf_node,

         error ) != 1 )

    {

      libcerror_error_set(

       error,

       LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

       LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_FINALIZE_FAILED,

       "%s: unable to free leaf node.",

       function );

      goto on_error;

    }

  }

  if( libpff_block_tree_free(

       &node_block_tree,

       (int (*)(intptr_t **, libcerror_error_t **)) &libpff_block_descriptor_free,

       error ) != 1 )

  {

    libcerror_error_set(

     error,

     LIBCERROR_ERROR_DOMAIN_RUNTIME,

     LIBCERROR_RUNTIME_ERROR_FINALIZE_FAILED,

     "%s: unable to free index node block tree.",

     function );

    goto on_error;

  }

  *index_value = safe_index_value;

  return( result );

on_error:

  if( safe_index_value != NULL )

  {

    libpff_index_value_free(

     &safe_index_value,

     NULL );

  }

  if( leaf_node != NULL )

  {

    libpff_index_node_free(

     &leaf_node,

     NULL );

  }

  if( node_block_tree != NULL )

  {

    libpff_block_tree_free(

     &node_block_tree,

     (int (*)(intptr_t **, libcerror_error_t **)) &libpff_block_descriptor_free,

     NULL );

  }

  return( -1 );

}