/*

 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

 * distributed with this work for additional information

 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

 *

 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

 *

 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an

 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

 * specific language governing permissions and limitations

 * under the License.

 */

/***************************************************************************

 * Copyright (C) 2017-2026 ZmartZone Holding BV

 * Copyright (C) 2013-2017 Ping Identity Corporation

 * All rights reserved.

 *

 * DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES:

 *

 * THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT

 * ANY WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY; INCLUDING,

 * WITHOUT LIMITATION, WARRANTIES OF QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, NONINFRINGEMENT,

 * MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  NOR ARE THERE ANY

 * WARRANTIES CREATED BY A COURSE OR DEALING, COURSE OF PERFORMANCE OR TRADE

 * USAGE.  FURTHERMORE, THERE ARE NO WARRANTIES THAT THE SOFTWARE WILL MEET

 * YOUR NEEDS OR BE FREE FROM ERRORS, OR THAT THE OPERATION OF THE SOFTWARE

 * WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR

 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,

 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF

 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING

 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS

 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

 *

 * @Author: Hans Zandbelt - hans.zandbelt@openidc.com

 */

#include "cfg/oauth.h"

#include "cfg/dir.h"

#include "cfg/parse.h"

#include "handle/handle.h"

#include "metadata.h"

#include "metrics.h"

#include "mod_auth_openidc.h"

#include "proto/proto.h"

#include "util/request_state.h"

#include "util/util.h"

#include "util/util_cfg.h"

#include <apr_lib.h>

/*

 * retrieve the OAuth 2.0 metadata discovery document from the specified URL

 */

apr_byte_t oidc_oauth_metadata_provider_retrieve(request_rec *r, oidc_cfg_t *cfg, const char *issuer, const char *url,

             oidc_json_t **j_metadata, char **response) {

  /* get provider metadata from the specified URL with the specified parameters */

  if (oidc_http_get(r, url, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, oidc_cfg_oauth_ssl_validate_server_get(cfg), response, NULL,

        NULL, oidc_cfg_http_timeout_short_get(cfg), oidc_cfg_outgoing_proxy_get(cfg),

        oidc_cfg_dir_pass_cookies_get(r), NULL, NULL, NULL) == FALSE)

    return FALSE;

  /* decode and see if it is not an error response somehow */

  if (oidc_json_decode_and_check_error(r, *response, j_metadata) == FALSE) {

    oidc_error(r, "JSON parsing of retrieved Discovery document failed");

    return FALSE;

  }

  /* check to see if it is valid metadata */

  /* all OK */

  return TRUE;

}

/*

 * Return the shared configuration or a request-scoped copy containing metadata endpoints.

 * Request-pool strings must never be stored in the shared server configuration.

 */

static oidc_cfg_t *oidc_oauth_provider_config(request_rec *r, oidc_cfg_t *c) {

  oidc_json_t *j_provider = NULL;

  char *s_json = NULL;

  oidc_cfg_t *rc = NULL;

  /* see if we should configure a static provider based on external (cached) metadata */

  if (oidc_cfg_oauth_metadata_url_get(c) == NULL)

    return c;

  oidc_cache_get_oauth_provider(r, oidc_cfg_oauth_metadata_url_get(c), &s_json);

  if (s_json == NULL) {

    if (oidc_oauth_metadata_provider_retrieve(r, c, NULL, oidc_cfg_oauth_metadata_url_get(c), &j_provider,

                &s_json) == FALSE) {

      oidc_error(r, "could not retrieve metadata from url: %s", oidc_cfg_oauth_metadata_url_get(c));

      return c;

    }

    oidc_cache_set_oauth_provider(

        r, oidc_cfg_oauth_metadata_url_get(c), s_json,

        apr_time_now() + apr_time_from_sec(oidc_cfg_provider_metadata_refresh_interval_get(c) <= 0

                 ? OIDC_CACHE_PROVIDER_METADATA_EXPIRY_DEFAULT

                 : oidc_cfg_provider_metadata_refresh_interval_get(c)));

  } else {

    oidc_json_decode_object(r, s_json, &j_provider);

    /* check to see if it is valid metadata */

  }

  /* parse into a private per-request view; on failure fall back to the (unmutated) shared config */

  rc = oidc_cfg_request_view(r->pool, c);

  if (oidc_oauth_metadata_provider_parse(r, rc, j_provider) == FALSE) {

    oidc_error(r, "could not parse metadata from url: %s", oidc_cfg_oauth_metadata_url_get(c));

    rc = c;

  }

  if (j_provider)

    oidc_json_decref(j_provider);

  return rc;

}

/*

 * validate an access token against the validation endpoint of the Authorization server and gets a response back

 */

static apr_byte_t oidc_oauth_validate_access_token(request_rec *r, oidc_cfg_t *c, const char *token, char **response) {

  oidc_debug(r, "enter");

  char *basic_auth = NULL;

  char *bearer_auth = NULL;

  /* assemble parameters to call the token endpoint for validation */

  apr_table_t *params = apr_table_make(r->pool, 4);

  /* add any configured extra static parameters to the introspection endpoint */

  oidc_util_table_add_query_encoded_params(r->pool, params, oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_endpoint_params_get(c));

  /* add the access_token itself */

  apr_table_addn(params, oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_token_param_name_get(c), token);

  const char *bearer_access_token_auth =

      ((oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_client_auth_bearer_token_get(c) != NULL) &&

       _oidc_strcmp(oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_client_auth_bearer_token_get(c), "") == 0)

    ? token

    : oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_client_auth_bearer_token_get(c);

  /* add the token endpoint authentication credentials */

  if (oidc_proto_token_endpoint_auth(r, c, oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_endpoint_auth_get(c),

             oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_endpoint_auth_alg_get(c),

             oidc_cfg_oauth_client_id_get(c), oidc_cfg_oauth_client_secret_get(c), NULL,

             oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_endpoint_url_get(c), params,

             bearer_access_token_auth, &basic_auth, &bearer_auth) == FALSE)

    return FALSE;

  /* call the endpoint with the constructed parameter set and return the resulting response */

  return oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_endpoint_method_get(c) == OIDC_INTROSPECTION_METHOD_GET

       ? oidc_http_get(r, oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_endpoint_url_get(c), params, basic_auth, bearer_auth,

           NULL, oidc_cfg_oauth_ssl_validate_server_get(c), response, NULL, NULL,

           oidc_cfg_http_timeout_long_get(c), oidc_cfg_outgoing_proxy_get(c),

           oidc_cfg_dir_pass_cookies_get(r),

           oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_endpoint_tls_client_cert_get(c),

           oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_endpoint_tls_client_key_get(c),

           oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_endpoint_tls_client_key_pwd_get(c))

       : oidc_http_post_form(r, oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_endpoint_url_get(c), params, basic_auth,

           bearer_auth, NULL, oidc_cfg_oauth_ssl_validate_server_get(c), response, NULL,

           NULL, oidc_cfg_http_timeout_long_get(c), oidc_cfg_outgoing_proxy_get(c),

           oidc_cfg_dir_pass_cookies_get(r),

           oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_endpoint_tls_client_cert_get(c),

           oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_endpoint_tls_client_key_get(c),

           oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_endpoint_tls_client_key_pwd_get(c));

}

/*

 * extract the password portion of a base64-encoded Basic auth value (treated as token)

 */

static const char *oidc_oauth_token_from_basic(request_rec *r, const char *auth_line) {

  char *decoded_line = NULL;

  int decoded_len = 0;

  if (oidc_util_base64_decode(r->pool, auth_line, &decoded_line, &decoded_len) != NULL)

    return NULL;

  decoded_line[decoded_len] = '\0';

  if (strchr(decoded_line, ':') == NULL)

    return NULL;

  /* Strip the username and colon and take just the password */

  ap_getword_nulls(r->pool, (const char **)&decoded_line, ':');

  return decoded_line;

}

/*

 * extract the bearer token from the Authorization header (Bearer or Basic scheme)

 */

static const char *oidc_oauth_token_from_auth_header(request_rec *r, oidc_oauth_accept_token_in_t accept_token_in) {

  const char *auth_line = oidc_http_hdr_in_authorization_get(r);

  const char *token = NULL;

  char *scheme = NULL;

  if (auth_line == NULL)

    return NULL;

  oidc_debug(r, "authorization header found");

  scheme = ap_getword(r->pool, &auth_line, OIDC_CHAR_SPACE);

  if ((_oidc_strnatcasecmp(scheme, OIDC_PROTO_BEARER) == 0) &&

      (accept_token_in & OIDC_OAUTH_ACCEPT_TOKEN_IN_HEADER)) {

    while (apr_isspace(*auth_line))

      auth_line++;

    return apr_pstrdup(r->pool, auth_line);

  }

  if ((_oidc_strnatcasecmp(scheme, OIDC_PROTO_BASIC) == 0) &&

      (accept_token_in & OIDC_OAUTH_ACCEPT_TOKEN_IN_BASIC)) {

    token = oidc_oauth_token_from_basic(r, auth_line);

    if (token != NULL)

      return token;

  }

  oidc_warn(r, "client used unsupported authentication scheme: %s", scheme);

  return NULL;

}

/* RFC 6750 permits the access token in exactly one location, so reject a repeated one */

static const char *const OIDC_OAUTH_NO_REPEAT[] = {OIDC_PROTO_ACCESS_TOKEN, NULL};

/*

 * extract the bearer token from a POST body parameter

 */

static const char *oidc_oauth_token_from_post(request_rec *r) {

  apr_table_t *params = apr_table_make(r->pool, 8);

  if (oidc_util_read_post_params_reject_dup(r, params, TRUE, OIDC_PROTO_ACCESS_TOKEN, OIDC_OAUTH_NO_REPEAT) ==

      FALSE)

    return NULL;

  return apr_table_get(params, OIDC_PROTO_ACCESS_TOKEN);

}

/*

 * extract the bearer token from a query string parameter

 */

static const char *oidc_oauth_token_from_query(request_rec *r) {

  apr_table_t *params = apr_table_make(r->pool, 8);

  if (oidc_util_read_form_encoded_params_reject_dup(r, params, r->args, OIDC_OAUTH_NO_REPEAT) == FALSE)

    return NULL;

  return apr_table_get(params, OIDC_PROTO_ACCESS_TOKEN);

}

/*

 * extract the bearer token from a cookie

 */

static const char *oidc_oauth_token_from_cookie(request_rec *r, const char *cookie_name) {

  const char *auth_line = oidc_http_get_cookie(r, cookie_name);

  if (auth_line == NULL) {

    oidc_warn(r, "no cookie found with name: %s", cookie_name);

    return NULL;

  }

  return apr_pstrdup(r->pool, auth_line);

}

/*

 * get the authorization header that should contain a bearer token

 */

apr_byte_t oidc_oauth_get_bearer_token(request_rec *r, const char **access_token) {

  /* get the directory specific setting on how the token can be passed in */

  oidc_oauth_accept_token_in_t accept_token_in = oidc_cfg_dir_oauth_accept_token_in_get(r);

  const char *cookie_name =

      oidc_cfg_dir_accept_token_in_option_get(r, OIDC_OAUTH_ACCEPT_TOKEN_IN_OPTION_COOKIE_NAME);

  oidc_debug(r, "accept_token_in=%d", accept_token_in);

  *access_token = NULL;

  if (accept_token_in & (OIDC_OAUTH_ACCEPT_TOKEN_IN_HEADER | OIDC_OAUTH_ACCEPT_TOKEN_IN_BASIC))

    *access_token = oidc_oauth_token_from_auth_header(r, accept_token_in);

  if ((*access_token == NULL) && (r->method_number == M_POST) &&

      (accept_token_in & OIDC_OAUTH_ACCEPT_TOKEN_IN_POST))

    *access_token = oidc_oauth_token_from_post(r);

  if ((*access_token == NULL) && (accept_token_in & OIDC_OAUTH_ACCEPT_TOKEN_IN_QUERY))

    *access_token = oidc_oauth_token_from_query(r);

  if ((*access_token == NULL) && (accept_token_in & OIDC_OAUTH_ACCEPT_TOKEN_IN_COOKIE))

    *access_token = oidc_oauth_token_from_cookie(r, cookie_name);

  if (*access_token == NULL) {

    oidc_debug(r, "no bearer token found in the allowed methods: %s",

         oidc_cfg_dir_accept_oauth_token_in2str(r->pool, accept_token_in));

    return FALSE;

  }

  /* log some stuff */

  oidc_debug(r, "bearer token: %s", oidc_util_mask_value(r, *access_token));

  return TRUE;

}

/* number of seconds a validated token is cached for when its expiry claim cannot bound the entry */

#define OIDC_OAUTH_CACHE_DEFAULT_EXPIRY_SECONDS 60

/*

 * Bound the cache entry by the configured expiry claim. Missing or nonnumeric mandatory claims

 * fail; optional unusable claims and nonpositive numeric claims leave the default unchanged.

 */

static apr_byte_t oidc_oauth_parse_and_cache_token_expiry(request_rec *r, oidc_cfg_t *c,

                const oidc_json_t *introspection_response,

                const char *expiry_claim_name, int expiry_format_absolute,

                int expiry_claim_is_mandatory, apr_time_t *cache_until) {

  oidc_debug(r, "expiry_claim_name=%s, expiry_format_absolute=%d, expiry_claim_is_mandatory=%d",

       expiry_claim_name, expiry_format_absolute, expiry_claim_is_mandatory);

  const oidc_json_t *expiry = oidc_json_object_get(introspection_response, expiry_claim_name);

  if (expiry == NULL) {

    if (expiry_claim_is_mandatory) {

      oidc_error(r, "the token claims did not contain the mandatory \"%s\" expiry claim",

           expiry_claim_name);

      return FALSE;

    }

    return TRUE;

  }

  /*

   * a NumericDate is a JSON number and may hold a non-integer value (RFC 7519 section 2), so accept any

   * number here: this matches what oidc_proto_jwt_validate accepted when it verified the same claim

   */

  if (!oidc_json_is_number(expiry)) {

    if (expiry_claim_is_mandatory) {

      oidc_error(r,

           "the token claims contain a \"%s\" expiry claim but it is not a JSON number (RFC "

           "7519 section 2)",

           expiry_claim_name);

      return FALSE;

    }

    oidc_warn(r,

        "the token claims contain an (optional) \"%s\" expiry claim that is not a JSON number (RFC "

        "7519 section 2); caching the result for the default %d seconds instead",

        expiry_claim_name, OIDC_OAUTH_CACHE_DEFAULT_EXPIRY_SECONDS);

    return TRUE;

  }

  /* Truncate to expire no later than the claim; clamp the double before converting it. */

  double value = oidc_json_number_value(expiry);

  if (!(value > 0)) {

    oidc_warn(r,

        "the \"%s\" expiry claim has a value <= 0 (%.0f); caching the result for the default %d "

        "seconds instead",

        expiry_claim_name, value, OIDC_OAUTH_CACHE_DEFAULT_EXPIRY_SECONDS);

    return TRUE;

  }

  *cache_until = oidc_util_apr_time_from_sec(value);

  if (expiry_format_absolute == FALSE)

    *cache_until = oidc_util_apr_time_add(*cache_until, apr_time_now());

  return TRUE;

}

#define OIDC_OAUTH_CACHE_KEY_RESPONSE "r"

#define OIDC_OAUTH_CACHE_KEY_TIMESTAMP "t"

/*

 * cache the OAuth 2.0 introspection results for the specified access token

 */

static apr_byte_t oidc_oauth_cache_access_token(request_rec *r, oidc_cfg_t *c, apr_time_t cache_until,

            const char *access_token, oidc_json_t *json) {

  /* no cache mode */

  int token_introspection_interval = oidc_cfg_dir_token_introspection_interval_get(r);

  if (token_introspection_interval == -1) {

    oidc_debug(r, "not caching introspection result");

    return TRUE;

  }

  oidc_debug(r, "caching introspection result");

  oidc_json_t *cache_entry = oidc_json_object();

  oidc_json_object_set(cache_entry, OIDC_OAUTH_CACHE_KEY_RESPONSE, json);

  oidc_json_object_set_new(cache_entry, OIDC_OAUTH_CACHE_KEY_TIMESTAMP,

         oidc_json_integer(apr_time_sec(apr_time_now())));

  const char *cache_value = oidc_json_encode(r->pool, cache_entry, OIDC_JSON_PRESERVE_ORDER | OIDC_JSON_COMPACT);

  /* set it in the cache so subsequent request don't need to validate the access_token and get the claims anymore

   */

  oidc_cache_set_access_token(r, access_token, cache_value, cache_until);

  oidc_json_decref(cache_entry);

  return TRUE;

}

/*

 * retrieve the OAuth 2.0 introspection results from the cache, for a previously introspected access token

 */

static apr_byte_t oidc_oauth_get_cached_access_token(request_rec *r, oidc_cfg_t *c, const char *access_token,

                 oidc_json_t **json) {

  oidc_json_t *cache_entry = NULL;

  char *s_cache_entry = NULL;

  /* no cache mode */

  int token_introspection_interval = oidc_cfg_dir_token_introspection_interval_get(r);

  if (token_introspection_interval == -1) {

    return FALSE;

  }

  /* see if we've got the claims for this access_token cached already */

  oidc_cache_get_access_token(r, access_token, &s_cache_entry);

  if (s_cache_entry == NULL)

    return FALSE;

  /* json decode the cache entry */

  if (oidc_json_decode_object(r, s_cache_entry, &cache_entry) == FALSE) {

    *json = NULL;

    return FALSE;

  }

  /* compare the timestamp against the freshness requirement */

  const oidc_json_t *v = oidc_json_object_get(cache_entry, OIDC_OAUTH_CACHE_KEY_TIMESTAMP);

  apr_time_t now = apr_time_sec(apr_time_now());

  if ((token_introspection_interval > 0) && (now > oidc_json_integer_value(v) + token_introspection_interval)) {

    /* printout info about the event */

    char buf[APR_RFC822_DATE_LEN + 1];

    apr_rfc822_date(buf, apr_time_from_sec(oidc_json_integer_value(v)));

    oidc_debug(r,

         "token that was validated/cached at: [%s], does not meet token freshness requirement: %d)",

         buf, token_introspection_interval);

    /* invalidate the cache entry */

    *json = NULL;

    oidc_json_decref(cache_entry);

    return FALSE;

  }

  oidc_debug(r, "returning cached introspection result that meets freshness requirements: %s", s_cache_entry);

  /* we've got a cached introspection result that is still valid for this path's requirements */

  *json = oidc_json_copy(oidc_json_object_get(cache_entry, OIDC_OAUTH_CACHE_KEY_RESPONSE));

  oidc_json_decref(cache_entry);

  return TRUE;

}

/*

 * check the value of the "active" claim in an introspection response

 */

static apr_byte_t oidc_oauth_introspection_active_is_valid(request_rec *r, const oidc_json_t *active) {

  if (oidc_json_is_boolean(active)) {

    if (oidc_json_is_true(active))

      return TRUE;

    oidc_debug(r, "\"%s\" boolean object with value \"false\" found in response JSON object",

         OIDC_PROTO_ACTIVE);

    return FALSE;

  }

  if (oidc_json_is_string(active)) {

    if (_oidc_strnatcasecmp(oidc_json_string_value(active), "true") == 0)

      return TRUE;

    oidc_debug(r,

         "\"%s\" string object with value that is not equal to \"true\" found in response JSON "

         "object: %s",

         OIDC_PROTO_ACTIVE, oidc_json_string_value(active));

    return FALSE;

  }

  oidc_debug(r, "no \"%s\" boolean or string object found in response JSON object", OIDC_PROTO_ACTIVE);

  return FALSE;

}

/*

 * validate the introspection response (active claim + expiry) and cache it on success

 */

static apr_byte_t oidc_oauth_introspection_validate_and_cache(request_rec *r, oidc_cfg_t *c, const char *access_token,

                    oidc_json_t *result) {

  const oidc_json_t *active = oidc_json_object_get(result, OIDC_PROTO_ACTIVE);

  apr_time_t cache_until = apr_time_now() + apr_time_from_sec(OIDC_OAUTH_CACHE_DEFAULT_EXPIRY_SECONDS);

  if (active != NULL) {

    if (oidc_oauth_introspection_active_is_valid(r, active) == FALSE)

      return FALSE;

    if (oidc_oauth_parse_and_cache_token_expiry(r, c, result, OIDC_CLAIM_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, &cache_until) ==

        FALSE)

      return FALSE;

  } else {

    /* the "active" member is REQUIRED by RFC 7662; warn when it is absent since validity is then

     * derived solely from the (possibly optional) configured expiry claim */

    oidc_warn(r,

        "introspection response did not contain the RFC 7662 \"%s\" member; token validity is "

        "determined solely from the \"%s\" expiry claim",

        OIDC_PROTO_ACTIVE, oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_token_expiry_claim_name_get(c));

    if (oidc_oauth_parse_and_cache_token_expiry(

      r, c, result, oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_token_expiry_claim_name_get(c),

      oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_token_expiry_claim_format_get(c) ==

          OIDC_TOKEN_EXPIRY_CLAIM_FORMAT_ABSOLUTE,

      oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_token_expiry_claim_required_get(c) ==

          OIDC_TOKEN_EXPIRY_CLAIM_REQUIRED_MANDATORY,

      &cache_until) == FALSE)

      return FALSE;

  }

  /* set it in the cache so subsequent request don't need to validate the access_token and get the claims anymore

   */

  oidc_oauth_cache_access_token(r, c, cache_until, access_token, result);

  return TRUE;

}

/*

 * fetch and validate an introspection result for the given access_token from the AS

 */

static apr_byte_t oidc_oauth_introspect(request_rec *r, oidc_cfg_t *c, const char *access_token, oidc_json_t **result) {

  char *s_json = NULL;

  /* not cached, go out and validate the access_token against the Authorization server and get the JSON

   * claims back */

  if (oidc_oauth_validate_access_token(r, c, access_token, &s_json) == FALSE) {

    oidc_error(r, "could not get a validation response from the Authorization server");

    return FALSE;

  }

  /* decode and see if it is not an error response somehow */

  if (oidc_json_decode_and_check_error(r, s_json, result) == FALSE)

    return FALSE;

  if (oidc_oauth_introspection_validate_and_cache(r, c, access_token, *result) == FALSE) {

    oidc_json_decref(*result);

    *result = NULL;

    return FALSE;

  }

  return TRUE;

}

/*

 * shape the introspection result into the form returned to the caller: a PingFederate-style

 * nested access_token (enriched with client_id/scope) or the spec-compliant result as-is

 */

static void oidc_oauth_shape_introspection_token(oidc_json_t *result, oidc_json_t **token) {

  oidc_json_t *tkn = oidc_json_object_get(result, OIDC_PROTO_ACCESS_TOKEN);

  if ((tkn != NULL) && (oidc_json_is_object(tkn))) {

    /*

     * assume PingFederate validation: copy over those claims from the access_token

     * that are relevant for authorization purposes

     */

    oidc_json_object_set(tkn, OIDC_PROTO_CLIENT_ID, oidc_json_object_get(result, OIDC_PROTO_CLIENT_ID));

    oidc_json_object_set(tkn, OIDC_PROTO_SCOPE, oidc_json_object_get(result, OIDC_PROTO_SCOPE));

    /* return only the pimped access_token results */

    *token = oidc_json_copy(tkn);

    oidc_json_decref(result);

  } else {

    /* assume spec compliant introspection */

    *token = result;

  }

}

/*

 * resolve and validate an access_token against the configured Authorization Server

 */

static apr_byte_t oidc_oauth_resolve_access_token(request_rec *r, oidc_cfg_t *c, const char *access_token,

              oidc_json_t **token, char **response) {

  oidc_json_t *result = NULL;

  /* see if we've got the claims for this access_token cached already */

  oidc_oauth_get_cached_access_token(r, c, access_token, &result);

  if ((result == NULL) && (oidc_oauth_introspect(r, c, access_token, &result) == FALSE))

    return FALSE;

  /* return the access_token JSON object */

  oidc_oauth_shape_introspection_token(result, token);

  /* stringify the response */

  *response = oidc_json_encode(r->pool, *token, OIDC_JSON_PRESERVE_ORDER | OIDC_JSON_COMPACT);

  return TRUE;

}

/*

 * validate the "aud" claim of a locally validated JWT access token against the configured

 * audience value(s): this resource server must be among the intended recipients of the token,

 * but - unlike an id_token - other audiences may legitimately be present as well

 */

static apr_byte_t oidc_oauth_validate_jwt_aud(request_rec *r, const oidc_cfg_t *c, const oidc_json_t *claims) {

  const apr_array_header_t *arr = oidc_cfg_oauth_verify_aud_values_get(c);

  const oidc_json_t *aud = NULL;

  /* no audience configured: nothing to match against */

  if ((arr == NULL) || (arr->nelts == 0))

    return TRUE;

  aud = oidc_json_object_get(claims, OIDC_CLAIM_AUD);

  if (aud == NULL) {

    oidc_error(r,

         "JWT access token does not contain an \"%s\" claim, so it cannot be matched against the "

         "configured " OIDCOAuthVerifyAudience " value(s)",

         OIDC_CLAIM_AUD);

    return FALSE;

  }

  if (oidc_json_is_string(aud)) {

    for (int i = 0; i < arr->nelts; i++)

      if (_oidc_strcmp(oidc_json_string_value(aud), APR_ARRAY_IDX(arr, i, const char *)) == 0)

        return TRUE;

  } else if (oidc_json_is_array(aud)) {

    /* "aud" may be a single string or an array of strings (RFC 7519 section 4.1.3) */

    for (int i = 0; i < arr->nelts; i++)

      if (oidc_json_array_has_value(r, aud, APR_ARRAY_IDX(arr, i, const char *)) == TRUE)

        return TRUE;

  } else {

    oidc_error(r, "\"%s\" claim in the JWT access token is neither a string nor an array", OIDC_CLAIM_AUD);

    return FALSE;

  }

  oidc_error(r,

       "none of the configured " OIDCOAuthVerifyAudience " values matches the \"%s\" claim in the JWT "

       "access token",

       OIDC_CLAIM_AUD);

  return FALSE;

}

/*

 * validate the "iss" claim of a locally validated JWT access token against the configured issuer

 */

static apr_byte_t oidc_oauth_validate_jwt_iss(request_rec *r, const oidc_cfg_t *c, const oidc_json_t *claims) {

  const char *iss = oidc_cfg_oauth_verify_issuer_get(c);

  char *s_iss = NULL;

  /* no issuer configured: nothing to match against */

  if (iss == NULL)

    return TRUE;

  if (oidc_json_object_get_string(r->pool, claims, OIDC_CLAIM_ISS, &s_iss, NULL) == FALSE)

    return FALSE;

  if (s_iss == NULL) {

    oidc_error(r,

         "JWT access token does not contain an \"%s\" claim, so it cannot be matched against the "

         "configured " OIDCOAuthVerifyIssuer " value (%s)",

         OIDC_CLAIM_ISS, iss);

    return FALSE;

  }

  if (oidc_util_issuer_match(iss, s_iss) == FALSE) {

    oidc_error(r,

         "configured " OIDCOAuthVerifyIssuer " (%s) does not match the \"%s\" claim (%s) in the "

         "JWT access token",

         iss, OIDC_CLAIM_ISS, s_iss);

    return FALSE;

  }

  return TRUE;

}

/*

 * Validate RFC 9068 resource-server claims even on cache hits, which may be shared by vhosts

 * with different audience or issuer settings.

 */

static apr_byte_t oidc_oauth_validate_jwt_claims(request_rec *r, const oidc_cfg_t *c, const oidc_json_t *claims) {

  if (oidc_oauth_validate_jwt_iss(r, c, claims) == FALSE)

    return FALSE;

  return oidc_oauth_validate_jwt_aud(r, c, claims);

}

/*

 * validate a JWT access token (locally)

 *

 * NB: reuses the following settings from the OIDC (RP) configuration section, as documented

 *     in auth_openidc.conf:

 *     - the JWKs cache refresh interval (OIDCJWKSRefreshInterval)

 *     - decryption key material (OIDCPrivateKeyFiles)

 *

 * OIDCOAuthRemoteUserClaim client_id

 * # 32x 61 hex

 * OIDCOAuthVerifySharedKeys aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa

 */

static apr_byte_t oidc_oauth_validate_jwt_access_token(request_rec *r, oidc_cfg_t *c, const char *access_token,

                   oidc_json_t **token, char **response) {

  oidc_debug(r, "enter: JWT access_token header=%s",

       oidc_proto_jwt_header_peek(r, access_token, NULL, NULL, NULL));

  oidc_jose_error_t err;

  oidc_jwk_t *jwk = NULL;

  apr_hash_t *decrypt_keys = NULL;

  oidc_json_t *cached = NULL;

  /* Reuse cached validation until token expiry or the configured introspection interval. */

  oidc_oauth_get_cached_access_token(r, c, access_token, &cached);

  if (cached != NULL) {

    if (oidc_oauth_validate_jwt_claims(r, c, cached) == FALSE) {

      oidc_json_decref(cached);

      return FALSE;

    }

    *token = cached;

    *response = oidc_json_encode(r->pool, cached, OIDC_JSON_PRESERVE_ORDER | OIDC_JSON_COMPACT);

    return TRUE;

  }

  if (oidc_cfg_oauth_decrypt_shared_keys_get(c) != NULL) {

    /* symmetric decryption keys configured with OIDCOAuthDecryptSharedKeys */

    decrypt_keys = oidc_util_key_sets_merge(r->pool, oidc_cfg_oauth_decrypt_shared_keys_get(c),

              oidc_cfg_private_keys_get(c));

  } else {

    /* fall back to a symmetric key derived from the client secret configured for the

     * OpenID Connect provider, alongside the OIDCPrivateKeyFiles key material */

    if (oidc_util_key_symmetric_create(r, oidc_cfg_provider_client_secret_get(oidc_cfg_provider_get(c)), 0,

               NULL, TRUE, &jwk) == FALSE)

      return FALSE;

    decrypt_keys = oidc_util_key_symmetric_merge(r->pool, oidc_cfg_private_keys_get(c), jwk);

  }

  oidc_jwt_t *jwt = NULL;

  if (oidc_jwt_parse(r->pool, access_token, &jwt, decrypt_keys, FALSE, &err) == FALSE) {

    oidc_error(r, "could not parse JWT from access_token: %s", oidc_jose_e2s(r->pool, err));

    oidc_jwk_destroy(jwk);

    return FALSE;

  }

  oidc_jwk_destroy(jwk);

  oidc_debug(r, "successfully parsed JWT with header: %s", jwt->header.value.str);

  /*

   * RFC 9068 requires exp. Validate iss and aud after signature verification, including on

   * cache hits; iat is not enforced for access tokens.

   */

  if (oidc_proto_jwt_validate(r, jwt, NULL, TRUE, FALSE, -1) == FALSE) {

    oidc_jwt_destroy(jwt);

    return FALSE;

  }

  oidc_debug(

      r, "verify JWT against %d statically configured public keys and %d shared keys, with JWKs URI set to %s",

      oidc_cfg_oauth_verify_public_keys_get(c) ? oidc_cfg_oauth_verify_public_keys_get(c)->nelts : 0,

      oidc_cfg_oauth_verify_shared_keys_get(c) ? apr_hash_count(oidc_cfg_oauth_verify_shared_keys_get(c)) : 0,

      oidc_cfg_oauth_verify_jwks_uri_get(c));

  /* the JWKs cache refresh interval is shared with the OIDC provider one (OIDCJWKSRefreshInterval),

   * as documented in auth_openidc.conf */

  oidc_jwks_uri_t jwks_uri = {oidc_cfg_oauth_verify_jwks_uri_get(c),

            oidc_cfg_provider_jwks_uri_refresh_interval_get(oidc_cfg_provider_get(c)), NULL,

            NULL};

  if (oidc_proto_jwt_verify(r, c, jwt, &jwks_uri, oidc_cfg_oauth_ssl_validate_server_get(c),

          oidc_util_key_sets_merge(r->pool, oidc_cfg_oauth_verify_shared_keys_get(c),

                 oidc_cfg_oauth_verify_public_keys_get(c)),

          NULL) == FALSE) {

    oidc_error(r, "JWT access token signature could not be validated, aborting");

    oidc_jwt_destroy(jwt);

    return FALSE;

  }

  oidc_debug(r, "successfully verified JWT access token: %s", jwt->payload.value.str);

  /* the signature is authentic: now check that the token was actually meant for us */

  if (oidc_oauth_validate_jwt_claims(r, c, jwt->payload.value.json) == FALSE) {

    oidc_jwt_destroy(jwt);

    return FALSE;

  }

  /* cache the validated claims bounded by the token's expiry so subsequent requests carrying the same

   * bearer token skip re-verification; "exp" is mandatory and was verified above, so it always bounds

   * the entry here and the default below is not reached */

  apr_time_t cache_until = apr_time_now() + apr_time_from_sec(OIDC_OAUTH_CACHE_DEFAULT_EXPIRY_SECONDS);

  if (oidc_oauth_parse_and_cache_token_expiry(r, c, jwt->payload.value.json, OIDC_CLAIM_EXP, TRUE, FALSE,

                &cache_until) == TRUE)

    oidc_oauth_cache_access_token(r, c, cache_until, access_token, jwt->payload.value.json);

  *token = oidc_json_copy(jwt->payload.value.json);

  *response = jwt->payload.value.str;

  oidc_jwt_destroy(jwt);

  return TRUE;

}

/*

 * set the unique user identifier that will be propagated in the Apache r->user and REMOTE_USER variables

 */

static apr_byte_t oidc_oauth_set_request_user(request_rec *r, const oidc_cfg_t *c, const oidc_json_t *token) {

  char *remote_user = NULL;

  if (oidc_get_remote_user(r, oidc_cfg_oauth_remote_user_claim_name_get(c),

         oidc_cfg_oauth_remote_user_claim_get(c)->reg_exp,

         oidc_cfg_oauth_remote_user_claim_get(c)->replace, token, &remote_user) == FALSE) {

    oidc_error(

        r,

        "" OIDCOAuthRemoteUserClaim

        " is set to \"%s\", but could not set the remote user based the available claims for the user",

        oidc_cfg_oauth_remote_user_claim_name_get(c));

    return FALSE;

  }

  r->user = apr_pstrdup(r->pool, remote_user);

  oidc_debug(r, "set user to \"%s\" based on claim: \"%s\"%s", r->user,

       oidc_cfg_oauth_remote_user_claim_name_get(c),

       oidc_cfg_oauth_remote_user_claim_get(c)->reg_exp

           ? apr_psprintf(r->pool, " and expression: \"%s\" and replace string: \"%s\"",

              oidc_cfg_oauth_remote_user_claim_get(c)->reg_exp,

              oidc_cfg_oauth_remote_user_claim_get(c)->replace)

           : "");

  return TRUE;

}

/*

 * sub-request handling: recycle the user from the initial request when available;

 * returns OK if handled, DECLINED to continue the main flow

 */

static int oidc_oauth_check_userid_subrequest(request_rec *r) {

  if (oidc_subrequest_recycle_user(r) == FALSE)

    return DECLINED;

  oidc_strip_cookies(r);

  return OK;

}

/*

 * handle "special" requests directed at the Redirect URI (JWKS, remove-access-token-cache);

 * returns the status to send back, or DECLINED if not a special request

 */

static int oidc_oauth_check_userid_redirect_uri(request_rec *r, oidc_cfg_t *c) {

  if (oidc_util_url_has_parameter(r, OIDC_REDIRECT_URI_REQUEST_JWKS)) {

    OIDC_METRICS_COUNTER_INC(r, c, OM_REDIRECT_URI_REQUEST_JWKS);

    /*

     * Will be handled in the content handler; avoid:

     * No authentication done but request not allowed without authentication

     * by setting r->user. No authentication happened, so any OIDC_* headers

     * on this request came from the client and must not survive it.

     */

    oidc_scrub_headers(r);

    r->user = "";

    return OK;

  }

  if (oidc_util_url_has_parameter(r, OIDC_REDIRECT_URI_REQUEST_REMOVE_AT_CACHE))

    return oidc_revoke_at_cache_remove(r, c);

  return DECLINED;

}

/*

 * validate the access token via the configured introspection endpoint or as a local JWT

 */

static apr_byte_t oidc_oauth_validate_token(request_rec *r, oidc_cfg_t *c, const char *access_token,

              oidc_json_t **claims, char **s_token) {

  if (oidc_cfg_oauth_introspection_endpoint_url_get(c) != NULL)

    return oidc_oauth_resolve_access_token(r, c, access_token, claims, s_token);

  return oidc_oauth_validate_jwt_access_token(r, c, access_token, claims, s_token);

}

/*

 * propagate claims and access_token into the application HTTP headers

 */

static void oidc_oauth_pass_info_to_app(request_rec *r, const oidc_cfg_t *c, oidc_json_t *claims,

          const char *access_token) {

  const char *authn_header = oidc_cfg_dir_authn_header_get(r);

  oidc_appinfo_pass_in_t pass_in = oidc_cfg_dir_pass_info_in_get(r);

  oidc_appinfo_encoding_t encoding = oidc_cfg_dir_pass_info_encoding_get(r);

  if ((r->user != NULL) && (authn_header != NULL))

    oidc_http_hdr_in_set(r, authn_header, r->user);

  oidc_util_appinfo_set_all(r, claims, oidc_cfg_claim_prefix_get(c), oidc_cfg_claim_delimiter_get(c), pass_in,

          encoding);

  if (access_token != NULL)

    oidc_util_appinfo_set(r, OIDC_APP_INFO_ACCESS_TOKEN, access_token, OIDC_DEFAULT_HEADER_PREFIX, pass_in,

              encoding);

}

/*

 * main routine: handle OAuth 2.0 authentication/authorization

 */

int oidc_oauth_check_userid(request_rec *r, oidc_cfg_t *c, const char *access_token) {

  oidc_json_t *claims = NULL;

  char *s_token = NULL;

  int rv = DECLINED;

  /* check if this is a sub-request or an initial request */