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1# 

2# Secret Labs' Regular Expression Engine 

3# 

4# Copyright (c) 1998-2001 by Secret Labs AB. All rights reserved. 

5# 

6# This version of the SRE library can be redistributed under CNRI's 

7# Python 1.6 license. For any other use, please contact Secret Labs 

8# AB (info@pythonware.com). 

9# 

10# Portions of this engine have been developed in cooperation with 

11# CNRI. Hewlett-Packard provided funding for 1.6 integration and 

12# other compatibility work. 

13# 

14# 2010-01-16 mrab Python front-end re-written and extended 

15 

16r"""Support for regular expressions (RE). 

17 

18This module provides regular expression matching operations similar to those 

19found in Perl. It supports both 8-bit and Unicode strings; both the pattern and 

20the strings being processed can contain null bytes and characters outside the 

21US ASCII range. 

22 

23Regular expressions can contain both special and ordinary characters. Most 

24ordinary characters, like "A", "a", or "0", are the simplest regular 

25expressions; they simply match themselves. You can concatenate ordinary 

26characters, so last matches the string 'last'. 

27 

28There are a few differences between the old (legacy) behaviour and the new 

29(enhanced) behaviour, which are indicated by VERSION0 or VERSION1. 

30 

31The special characters are: 

32 "." Matches any character except a newline. 

33 "^" Matches the start of the string. 

34 "$" Matches the end of the string or just before the 

35 newline at the end of the string. 

36 "*" Matches 0 or more (greedy) repetitions of the preceding 

37 RE. Greedy means that it will match as many repetitions 

38 as possible. 

39 "+" Matches 1 or more (greedy) repetitions of the preceding 

40 RE. 

41 "?" Matches 0 or 1 (greedy) of the preceding RE. 

42 *?,+?,?? Non-greedy versions of the previous three special 

43 characters. 

44 *+,++,?+ Possessive versions of the previous three special 

45 characters. 

46 {m,n} Matches from m to n repetitions of the preceding RE. 

47 {m,n}? Non-greedy version of the above. 

48 {m,n}+ Possessive version of the above. 

49 {...} Fuzzy matching constraints. 

50 "\\" Either escapes special characters or signals a special 

51 sequence. 

52 [...] Indicates a set of characters. A "^" as the first 

53 character indicates a complementing set. 

54 "|" A|B, creates an RE that will match either A or B. 

55 (...) Matches the RE inside the parentheses. The contents are 

56 captured and can be retrieved or matched later in the 

57 string. 

58 (?flags-flags) VERSION1: Sets/clears the flags for the remainder of 

59 the group or pattern; VERSION0: Sets the flags for the 

60 entire pattern. 

61 (?:...) Non-capturing version of regular parentheses. 

62 (?>...) Atomic non-capturing version of regular parentheses. 

63 (?flags-flags:...) Non-capturing version of regular parentheses with local 

64 flags. 

65 (?P<name>...) The substring matched by the group is accessible by 

66 name. 

67 (?<name>...) The substring matched by the group is accessible by 

68 name. 

69 (?P=name) Matches the text matched earlier by the group named 

70 name. 

71 (?#...) A comment; ignored. 

72 (?=...) Matches if ... matches next, but doesn't consume the 

73 string. 

74 (?!...) Matches if ... doesn't match next. 

75 (?<=...) Matches if preceded by .... 

76 (?<!...) Matches if not preceded by .... 

77 (?(id)yes|no) Matches yes pattern if group id matched, the (optional) 

78 no pattern otherwise. 

79 (?(DEFINE)...) If there's no group called "DEFINE", then ... will be 

80 ignored, but any group definitions will be available. 

81 (?|...|...) (?|A|B), creates an RE that will match either A or B, 

82 but reuses capture group numbers across the 

83 alternatives. 

84 (*FAIL) Forces matching to fail, which means immediate 

85 backtracking. 

86 (*F) Abbreviation for (*FAIL). 

87 (*PRUNE) Discards the current backtracking information. Its 

88 effect doesn't extend outside an atomic group or a 

89 lookaround. 

90 (*SKIP) Similar to (*PRUNE), except that it also sets where in 

91 the text the next attempt at matching the entire 

92 pattern will start. Its effect doesn't extend outside 

93 an atomic group or a lookaround. 

94 

95The fuzzy matching constraints are: "i" to permit insertions, "d" to permit 

96deletions, "s" to permit substitutions, "e" to permit any of these. Limits are 

97optional with "<=" and "<". If any type of error is provided then any type not 

98provided is not permitted. 

99 

100A cost equation may be provided. 

101 

102Examples: 

103 (?:fuzzy){i<=2} 

104 (?:fuzzy){i<=1,s<=2,d<=1,1i+1s+1d<3} 

105 

106VERSION1: Set operators are supported, and a set can include nested sets. The 

107set operators, in order of increasing precedence, are: 

108 || Set union ("x||y" means "x or y"). 

109 ~~ (double tilde) Symmetric set difference ("x~~y" means "x or y, but not 

110 both"). 

111 && Set intersection ("x&&y" means "x and y"). 

112 -- (double dash) Set difference ("x--y" means "x but not y"). 

113 

114Implicit union, ie, simple juxtaposition like in [ab], has the highest 

115precedence. 

116 

117VERSION0 and VERSION1: 

118The special sequences consist of "\\" and a character from the list below. If 

119the ordinary character is not on the list, then the resulting RE will match the 

120second character. 

121 \number Matches the contents of the group of the same number if 

122 number is no more than 2 digits, otherwise the character 

123 with the 3-digit octal code. 

124 \a Matches the bell character. 

125 \A Matches only at the start of the string. 

126 \b Matches the empty string, but only at the start or end of a 

127 word. 

128 \B Matches the empty string, but not at the start or end of a 

129 word. 

130 \d Matches any decimal digit; equivalent to the set [0-9] when 

131 matching a bytestring or a Unicode string with the ASCII 

132 flag, or the whole range of Unicode digits when matching a 

133 Unicode string. 

134 \D Matches any non-digit character; equivalent to [^\d]. 

135 \f Matches the formfeed character. 

136 \g<name> Matches the text matched by the group named name. 

137 \G Matches the empty string, but only at the position where 

138 the search started. 

139 \h Matches horizontal whitespace. 

140 \K Keeps only what follows for the entire match. 

141 \L<name> Named list. The list is provided as a keyword argument. 

142 \m Matches the empty string, but only at the start of a word. 

143 \M Matches the empty string, but only at the end of a word. 

144 \n Matches the newline character. 

145 \N{name} Matches the named character. 

146 \p{name=value} Matches the character if its property has the specified 

147 value. 

148 \P{name=value} Matches the character if its property hasn't the specified 

149 value. 

150 \r Matches the carriage-return character. 

151 \s Matches any whitespace character; equivalent to 

152 [ \t\n\r\f\v]. 

153 \S Matches any non-whitespace character; equivalent to [^\s]. 

154 \t Matches the tab character. 

155 \uXXXX Matches the Unicode codepoint with 4-digit hex code XXXX. 

156 \UXXXXXXXX Matches the Unicode codepoint with 8-digit hex code 

157 XXXXXXXX. 

158 \v Matches the vertical tab character. 

159 \w Matches any alphanumeric character; equivalent to 

160 [a-zA-Z0-9_] when matching a bytestring or a Unicode string 

161 with the ASCII flag, or the whole range of Unicode 

162 alphanumeric characters (letters plus digits plus 

163 underscore) when matching a Unicode string. With LOCALE, it 

164 will match the set [0-9_] plus characters defined as 

165 letters for the current locale. 

166 \W Matches the complement of \w; equivalent to [^\w]. 

167 \xXX Matches the character with 2-digit hex code XX. 

168 \X Matches a grapheme. 

169 \Z Matches only at the end of the string. 

170 \z Matches only at the end of the string. Alias of \Z. 

171 \\ Matches a literal backslash. 

172 

173This module exports the following functions: 

174 match Match a regular expression pattern at the beginning of a string. 

175 prefixmatch Match a regular expression pattern at the beginning of a string. 

176 Alias of match. 

177 fullmatch Match a regular expression pattern against all of a string. 

178 search Search a string for the presence of a pattern. 

179 sub Substitute occurrences of a pattern found in a string using a 

180 template string. 

181 subf Substitute occurrences of a pattern found in a string using a 

182 format string. 

183 subn Same as sub, but also return the number of substitutions made. 

184 subfn Same as subf, but also return the number of substitutions made. 

185 split Split a string by the occurrences of a pattern. VERSION1: will 

186 split at zero-width match; VERSION0: won't split at zero-width 

187 match. 

188 splititer Return an iterator yielding the parts of a split string. 

189 findall Find all occurrences of a pattern in a string. 

190 finditer Return an iterator yielding a match object for each match. 

191 compile Compile a pattern into a Pattern object. 

192 purge Clear the regular expression cache. 

193 escape Backslash all non-alphanumerics or special characters in a 

194 string. 

195 

196Most of the functions support a concurrent parameter: if True, the GIL will be 

197released during matching, allowing other Python threads to run concurrently. If 

198the string changes during matching, the behaviour is undefined. This parameter 

199is not needed when working on the builtin (immutable) string classes. 

200 

201Some of the functions in this module take flags as optional parameters. Most of 

202these flags can also be set within an RE: 

203 A a ASCII Make \w, \W, \b, \B, \d, and \D match the 

204 corresponding ASCII character categories. Default 

205 when matching a bytestring. 

206 B b BESTMATCH Find the best fuzzy match (default is first). 

207 D DEBUG Print the parsed pattern. 

208 E e ENHANCEMATCH Attempt to improve the fit after finding the first 

209 fuzzy match. 

210 F f FULLCASE Use full case-folding when performing 

211 case-insensitive matching in Unicode. 

212 I i IGNORECASE Perform case-insensitive matching. 

213 L L LOCALE Make \w, \W, \b, \B, \d, and \D dependent on the 

214 current locale. (One byte per character only.) 

215 M m MULTILINE "^" matches the beginning of lines (after a newline) 

216 as well as the string. "$" matches the end of lines 

217 (before a newline) as well as the end of the string. 

218 P p POSIX Perform POSIX-standard matching (leftmost longest). 

219 R r REVERSE Searches backwards. 

220 S s DOTALL "." matches any character at all, including the 

221 newline. 

222 U u UNICODE Make \w, \W, \b, \B, \d, and \D dependent on the 

223 Unicode locale. Default when matching a Unicode 

224 string. 

225 V0 V0 VERSION0 Turn on the old legacy behaviour. 

226 V1 V1 VERSION1 Turn on the new enhanced behaviour. This flag 

227 includes the FULLCASE flag. 

228 W w WORD Make \b and \B work with default Unicode word breaks 

229 and make ".", "^" and "$" work with Unicode line 

230 breaks. 

231 X x VERBOSE Ignore whitespace and comments for nicer looking REs. 

232 

233This module also defines an exception 'error'. 

234 

235""" 

236 

237# Public symbols. 

238__all__ = ["cache_all", "compile", "DEFAULT_VERSION", "escape", "findall", 

239 "finditer", "fullmatch", "match", "prefixmatch", "purge", "search", "split", "splititer", 

240 "sub", "subf", "subfn", "subn", "template", "Scanner", "A", "ASCII", "B", 

241 "BESTMATCH", "D", "DEBUG", "E", "ENHANCEMATCH", "S", "DOTALL", "F", 

242 "FULLCASE", "I", "IGNORECASE", "L", "LOCALE", "M", "MULTILINE", "P", "POSIX", 

243 "R", "REVERSE", "T", "TEMPLATE", "U", "UNICODE", "V0", "VERSION0", "V1", 

244 "VERSION1", "X", "VERBOSE", "W", "WORD", "error", "Regex", "__version__", 

245 "__doc__", "RegexFlag"] 

246 

247__version__ = "2026.3.32" 

248 

249# -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

250# Public interface. 

251 

252def match(pattern, string, flags=0, pos=None, endpos=None, partial=False, 

253 concurrent=None, timeout=None, ignore_unused=False, **kwargs): 

254 """Try to apply the pattern at the start of the string, returning a match 

255 object, or None if no match was found.""" 

256 pat = _compile(pattern, flags, ignore_unused, kwargs, True) 

257 return pat.match(string, pos, endpos, concurrent, partial, timeout) 

258 

259def prefixmatch(pattern, string, flags=0, pos=None, endpos=None, partial=False, 

260 concurrent=None, timeout=None, ignore_unused=False, **kwargs): 

261 """Try to apply the pattern at the start of the string, returning a match 

262 object, or None if no match was found. Alias of match().""" 

263 pat = _compile(pattern, flags, ignore_unused, kwargs, True) 

264 return pat.match(string, pos, endpos, concurrent, partial, timeout) 

265 

266def fullmatch(pattern, string, flags=0, pos=None, endpos=None, partial=False, 

267 concurrent=None, timeout=None, ignore_unused=False, **kwargs): 

268 """Try to apply the pattern against all of the string, returning a match 

269 object, or None if no match was found.""" 

270 pat = _compile(pattern, flags, ignore_unused, kwargs, True) 

271 return pat.fullmatch(string, pos, endpos, concurrent, partial, timeout) 

272 

273def search(pattern, string, flags=0, pos=None, endpos=None, partial=False, 

274 concurrent=None, timeout=None, ignore_unused=False, **kwargs): 

275 """Search through string looking for a match to the pattern, returning a 

276 match object, or None if no match was found.""" 

277 pat = _compile(pattern, flags, ignore_unused, kwargs, True) 

278 return pat.search(string, pos, endpos, concurrent, partial, timeout) 

279 

280def sub(pattern, repl, string, count=0, flags=0, pos=None, endpos=None, 

281 concurrent=None, timeout=None, ignore_unused=False, **kwargs): 

282 """Return the string obtained by replacing the leftmost (or rightmost with a 

283 reverse pattern) non-overlapping occurrences of the pattern in string by the 

284 replacement repl. repl can be either a string or a callable; if a string, 

285 backslash escapes in it are processed; if a callable, it's passed the match 

286 object and must return a replacement string to be used.""" 

287 pat = _compile(pattern, flags, ignore_unused, kwargs, True) 

288 return pat.sub(repl, string, count, pos, endpos, concurrent, timeout) 

289 

290def subf(pattern, format, string, count=0, flags=0, pos=None, endpos=None, 

291 concurrent=None, timeout=None, ignore_unused=False, **kwargs): 

292 """Return the string obtained by replacing the leftmost (or rightmost with a 

293 reverse pattern) non-overlapping occurrences of the pattern in string by the 

294 replacement format. format can be either a string or a callable; if a string, 

295 it's treated as a format string; if a callable, it's passed the match object 

296 and must return a replacement string to be used.""" 

297 pat = _compile(pattern, flags, ignore_unused, kwargs, True) 

298 return pat.subf(format, string, count, pos, endpos, concurrent, timeout) 

299 

300def subn(pattern, repl, string, count=0, flags=0, pos=None, endpos=None, 

301 concurrent=None, timeout=None, ignore_unused=False, **kwargs): 

302 """Return a 2-tuple containing (new_string, number). new_string is the string 

303 obtained by replacing the leftmost (or rightmost with a reverse pattern) 

304 non-overlapping occurrences of the pattern in the source string by the 

305 replacement repl. number is the number of substitutions that were made. repl 

306 can be either a string or a callable; if a string, backslash escapes in it 

307 are processed; if a callable, it's passed the match object and must return a 

308 replacement string to be used.""" 

309 pat = _compile(pattern, flags, ignore_unused, kwargs, True) 

310 return pat.subn(repl, string, count, pos, endpos, concurrent, timeout) 

311 

312def subfn(pattern, format, string, count=0, flags=0, pos=None, endpos=None, 

313 concurrent=None, timeout=None, ignore_unused=False, **kwargs): 

314 """Return a 2-tuple containing (new_string, number). new_string is the string 

315 obtained by replacing the leftmost (or rightmost with a reverse pattern) 

316 non-overlapping occurrences of the pattern in the source string by the 

317 replacement format. number is the number of substitutions that were made. format 

318 can be either a string or a callable; if a string, it's treated as a format 

319 string; if a callable, it's passed the match object and must return a 

320 replacement string to be used.""" 

321 pat = _compile(pattern, flags, ignore_unused, kwargs, True) 

322 return pat.subfn(format, string, count, pos, endpos, concurrent, timeout) 

323 

324def split(pattern, string, maxsplit=0, flags=0, concurrent=None, timeout=None, 

325 ignore_unused=False, **kwargs): 

326 """Split the source string by the occurrences of the pattern, returning a 

327 list containing the resulting substrings. If capturing parentheses are used 

328 in pattern, then the text of all groups in the pattern are also returned as 

329 part of the resulting list. If maxsplit is nonzero, at most maxsplit splits 

330 occur, and the remainder of the string is returned as the final element of 

331 the list.""" 

332 pat = _compile(pattern, flags, ignore_unused, kwargs, True) 

333 return pat.split(string, maxsplit, concurrent, timeout) 

334 

335def splititer(pattern, string, maxsplit=0, flags=0, concurrent=None, 

336 timeout=None, ignore_unused=False, **kwargs): 

337 "Return an iterator yielding the parts of a split string." 

338 pat = _compile(pattern, flags, ignore_unused, kwargs, True) 

339 return pat.splititer(string, maxsplit, concurrent, timeout) 

340 

341def findall(pattern, string, flags=0, pos=None, endpos=None, overlapped=False, 

342 concurrent=None, timeout=None, ignore_unused=False, **kwargs): 

343 """Return a list of all matches in the string. The matches may be overlapped 

344 if overlapped is True. If one or more groups are present in the pattern, 

345 return a list of groups; this will be a list of tuples if the pattern has 

346 more than one group. Empty matches are included in the result.""" 

347 pat = _compile(pattern, flags, ignore_unused, kwargs, True) 

348 return pat.findall(string, pos, endpos, overlapped, concurrent, timeout) 

349 

350def finditer(pattern, string, flags=0, pos=None, endpos=None, overlapped=False, 

351 partial=False, concurrent=None, timeout=None, ignore_unused=False, **kwargs): 

352 """Return an iterator over all matches in the string. The matches may be 

353 overlapped if overlapped is True. For each match, the iterator returns a 

354 match object. Empty matches are included in the result.""" 

355 pat = _compile(pattern, flags, ignore_unused, kwargs, True) 

356 return pat.finditer(string, pos, endpos, overlapped, concurrent, partial, 

357 timeout) 

358 

359def compile(pattern, flags=0, ignore_unused=False, cache_pattern=None, **kwargs): 

360 "Compile a regular expression pattern, returning a pattern object." 

361 if cache_pattern is None: 

362 cache_pattern = _cache_all 

363 return _compile(pattern, flags, ignore_unused, kwargs, cache_pattern) 

364 

365def purge(): 

366 "Clear the regular expression cache" 

367 _cache.clear() 

368 _locale_sensitive.clear() 

369 

370# Whether to cache all patterns. 

371_cache_all = True 

372 

373def cache_all(value=True): 

374 """Sets whether to cache all patterns, even those are compiled explicitly. 

375 Passing None has no effect, but returns the current setting.""" 

376 global _cache_all 

377 

378 if value is None: 

379 return _cache_all 

380 

381 _cache_all = value 

382 

383def template(pattern, flags=0): 

384 "Compile a template pattern, returning a pattern object." 

385 return _compile(pattern, flags | TEMPLATE, False, {}, False) 

386 

387def escape(pattern, special_only=True, literal_spaces=False): 

388 """Escape a string for use as a literal in a pattern. If special_only is 

389 True, escape only special characters, else escape all non-alphanumeric 

390 characters. If literal_spaces is True, don't escape spaces.""" 

391 # Convert it to Unicode. 

392 if isinstance(pattern, bytes): 

393 p = pattern.decode("latin-1") 

394 else: 

395 p = pattern 

396 

397 s = [] 

398 if special_only: 

399 for c in p: 

400 if c == " " and literal_spaces: 

401 s.append(c) 

402 elif c in _METACHARS or c.isspace(): 

403 s.append("\\") 

404 s.append(c) 

405 else: 

406 s.append(c) 

407 else: 

408 for c in p: 

409 if c == " " and literal_spaces: 

410 s.append(c) 

411 elif c in _ALNUM: 

412 s.append(c) 

413 else: 

414 s.append("\\") 

415 s.append(c) 

416 

417 r = "".join(s) 

418 # Convert it back to bytes if necessary. 

419 if isinstance(pattern, bytes): 

420 r = r.encode("latin-1") 

421 

422 return r 

423 

424# -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

425# Internals. 

426 

427from regex import _regex_core 

428from regex import _regex 

429from threading import RLock as _RLock 

430from locale import getpreferredencoding as _getpreferredencoding 

431from regex._regex_core import * 

432from regex._regex_core import (_ALL_VERSIONS, _ALL_ENCODINGS, _FirstSetError, 

433 _UnscopedFlagSet, _check_group_features, _compile_firstset, 

434 _compile_replacement, _flatten_code, _fold_case, _get_required_string, 

435 _parse_pattern, _shrink_cache) 

436from regex._regex_core import (ALNUM as _ALNUM, Info as _Info, OP as _OP, Source 

437 as _Source, Fuzzy as _Fuzzy) 

438 

439# Version 0 is the old behaviour, compatible with the original 're' module. 

440# Version 1 is the new behaviour, which differs slightly. 

441 

442DEFAULT_VERSION = RegexFlag.VERSION0 

443 

444_METACHARS = frozenset("()[]{}?*+|^$\\.-#&~") 

445 

446_regex_core.DEFAULT_VERSION = DEFAULT_VERSION 

447 

448# Caches for the patterns and replacements. 

449_cache = {} 

450_cache_lock = _RLock() 

451_named_args = {} 

452_replacement_cache = {} 

453_locale_sensitive = {} 

454 

455# Maximum size of the cache. 

456_MAXCACHE = 500 

457_MAXREPCACHE = 500 

458 

459def _compile(pattern, flags, ignore_unused, kwargs, cache_it): 

460 "Compiles a regular expression to a PatternObject." 

461 

462 global DEFAULT_VERSION 

463 try: 

464 from regex import DEFAULT_VERSION 

465 except ImportError: 

466 pass 

467 

468 # We won't bother to cache the pattern if we're debugging. 

469 if (flags & DEBUG) != 0: 

470 cache_it = False 

471 

472 # What locale is this pattern using? 

473 locale_key = (type(pattern), pattern) 

474 if _locale_sensitive.get(locale_key, True) or (flags & LOCALE) != 0: 

475 # This pattern is, or might be, locale-sensitive. 

476 pattern_locale = _getpreferredencoding() 

477 else: 

478 # This pattern is definitely not locale-sensitive. 

479 pattern_locale = None 

480 

481 def complain_unused_args(): 

482 if ignore_unused: 

483 return 

484 

485 # Complain about any unused keyword arguments, possibly resulting from a typo. 

486 unused_kwargs = set(kwargs) - {k for k, v in args_needed} 

487 if unused_kwargs: 

488 any_one = next(iter(unused_kwargs)) 

489 raise ValueError('unused keyword argument {!a}'.format(any_one)) 

490 

491 if cache_it: 

492 try: 

493 # Do we know what keyword arguments are needed? 

494 args_key = pattern, type(pattern), flags 

495 args_needed = _named_args[args_key] 

496 

497 # Are we being provided with its required keyword arguments? 

498 args_supplied = set() 

499 if args_needed: 

500 for k, v in args_needed: 

501 try: 

502 args_supplied.add((k, frozenset(kwargs[k]))) 

503 except KeyError: 

504 raise error("missing named list: {!r}".format(k)) 

505 

506 complain_unused_args() 

507 

508 args_supplied = frozenset(args_supplied) 

509 

510 # Have we already seen this regular expression and named list? 

511 pattern_key = (pattern, type(pattern), flags, args_supplied, 

512 DEFAULT_VERSION, pattern_locale) 

513 return _cache[pattern_key] 

514 except KeyError: 

515 # It's a new pattern, or new named list for a known pattern. 

516 pass 

517 

518 # Guess the encoding from the class of the pattern string. 

519 if isinstance(pattern, str): 

520 guess_encoding = UNICODE 

521 elif isinstance(pattern, bytes): 

522 guess_encoding = ASCII 

523 elif isinstance(pattern, Pattern): 

524 if flags: 

525 raise ValueError("cannot process flags argument with a compiled pattern") 

526 

527 return pattern 

528 else: 

529 raise TypeError("first argument must be a string or compiled pattern") 

530 

531 # Set the default version in the core code in case it has been changed. 

532 _regex_core.DEFAULT_VERSION = DEFAULT_VERSION 

533 

534 global_flags = flags 

535 

536 while True: 

537 caught_exception = None 

538 try: 

539 source = _Source(pattern) 

540 info = _Info(global_flags, source.char_type, kwargs) 

541 info.guess_encoding = guess_encoding 

542 source.ignore_space = bool(info.flags & VERBOSE) 

543 parsed = _parse_pattern(source, info) 

544 break 

545 except _UnscopedFlagSet: 

546 # Remember the global flags for the next attempt. 

547 global_flags = info.global_flags 

548 except error as e: 

549 caught_exception = e 

550 

551 if caught_exception: 

552 raise error(caught_exception.msg, caught_exception.pattern, 

553 caught_exception.pos) 

554 

555 if not source.at_end(): 

556 raise error("unbalanced parenthesis", pattern, source.pos) 

557 

558 # Check the global flags for conflicts. 

559 version = (info.flags & _ALL_VERSIONS) or DEFAULT_VERSION 

560 if version not in (0, VERSION0, VERSION1): 

561 raise ValueError("VERSION0 and VERSION1 flags are mutually incompatible") 

562 

563 if (info.flags & _ALL_ENCODINGS) not in (0, ASCII, LOCALE, UNICODE): 

564 raise ValueError("ASCII, LOCALE and UNICODE flags are mutually incompatible") 

565 

566 if isinstance(pattern, bytes) and (info.flags & UNICODE): 

567 raise ValueError("cannot use UNICODE flag with a bytes pattern") 

568 

569 if not (info.flags & _ALL_ENCODINGS): 

570 if isinstance(pattern, str): 

571 info.flags |= UNICODE 

572 else: 

573 info.flags |= ASCII 

574 

575 reverse = bool(info.flags & REVERSE) 

576 fuzzy = isinstance(parsed, _Fuzzy) 

577 

578 # Remember whether this pattern as an inline locale flag. 

579 _locale_sensitive[locale_key] = info.inline_locale 

580 

581 # Fix the group references. 

582 caught_exception = None 

583 try: 

584 parsed.fix_groups(pattern, reverse, False) 

585 except error as e: 

586 caught_exception = e 

587 

588 if caught_exception: 

589 raise error(caught_exception.msg, caught_exception.pattern, 

590 caught_exception.pos) 

591 

592 # Should we print the parsed pattern? 

593 if flags & DEBUG: 

594 parsed.dump(indent=0, reverse=reverse) 

595 

596 # Optimise the parsed pattern. 

597 parsed = parsed.optimise(info, reverse) 

598 parsed = parsed.pack_characters(info) 

599 

600 # Get the required string. 

601 req_offset, req_chars, req_flags = _get_required_string(parsed, info.flags) 

602 

603 # Build the named lists. 

604 named_lists = {} 

605 named_list_indexes = [None] * len(info.named_lists_used) 

606 args_needed = set() 

607 for key, index in info.named_lists_used.items(): 

608 name, case_flags = key 

609 values = frozenset(kwargs[name]) 

610 if case_flags: 

611 items = frozenset(_fold_case(info, v) for v in values) 

612 else: 

613 items = values 

614 named_lists[name] = values 

615 named_list_indexes[index] = items 

616 args_needed.add((name, values)) 

617 

618 complain_unused_args() 

619 

620 # Check the features of the groups. 

621 _check_group_features(info, parsed) 

622 

623 # Compile the parsed pattern. The result is a list of tuples. 

624 code = parsed.compile(reverse) 

625 

626 # Is there a group call to the pattern as a whole? 

627 key = (0, reverse, fuzzy) 

628 ref = info.call_refs.get(key) 

629 if ref is not None: 

630 code = [(_OP.CALL_REF, ref)] + code + [(_OP.END, )] 

631 

632 # Add the final 'success' opcode. 

633 code += [(_OP.SUCCESS, )] 

634 

635 # Compile the additional copies of the groups that we need. 

636 for group, rev, fuz in info.additional_groups: 

637 code += group.compile(rev, fuz) 

638 

639 # Flatten the code into a list of ints. 

640 code = _flatten_code(code) 

641 

642 if not parsed.has_simple_start(): 

643 # Get the first set, if possible. 

644 try: 

645 fs_code = _compile_firstset(info, parsed.get_firstset(reverse)) 

646 fs_code = _flatten_code(fs_code) 

647 code = fs_code + code 

648 except _FirstSetError: 

649 pass 

650 

651 # The named capture groups. 

652 index_group = dict((v, n) for n, v in info.group_index.items()) 

653 

654 # Create the PatternObject. 

655 # 

656 # Local flags like IGNORECASE affect the code generation, but aren't needed 

657 # by the PatternObject itself. Conversely, global flags like LOCALE _don't_ 

658 # affect the code generation but _are_ needed by the PatternObject. 

659 compiled_pattern = _regex.compile(pattern, info.flags | version, code, 

660 info.group_index, index_group, named_lists, named_list_indexes, 

661 req_offset, req_chars, req_flags, info.group_count) 

662 

663 # Do we need to reduce the size of the cache? 

664 if len(_cache) >= _MAXCACHE: 

665 with _cache_lock: 

666 _shrink_cache(_cache, _named_args, _locale_sensitive, _MAXCACHE) 

667 

668 if cache_it: 

669 if (info.flags & LOCALE) == 0: 

670 pattern_locale = None 

671 

672 args_needed = frozenset(args_needed) 

673 

674 # Store this regular expression and named list. 

675 pattern_key = (pattern, type(pattern), flags, args_needed, 

676 DEFAULT_VERSION, pattern_locale) 

677 _cache[pattern_key] = compiled_pattern 

678 

679 # Store what keyword arguments are needed. 

680 _named_args[args_key] = args_needed 

681 

682 return compiled_pattern 

683 

684def _compile_replacement_helper(pattern, template): 

685 "Compiles a replacement template." 

686 # This function is called by the _regex module. 

687 

688 # Have we seen this before? 

689 key = pattern.pattern, pattern.flags, template 

690 compiled = _replacement_cache.get(key) 

691 if compiled is not None: 

692 return compiled 

693 

694 if len(_replacement_cache) >= _MAXREPCACHE: 

695 _replacement_cache.clear() 

696 

697 is_unicode = isinstance(template, str) 

698 source = _Source(template) 

699 if is_unicode: 

700 def make_string(char_codes): 

701 return "".join(chr(c) for c in char_codes) 

702 else: 

703 def make_string(char_codes): 

704 return bytes(char_codes) 

705 

706 compiled = [] 

707 literal = [] 

708 while True: 

709 ch = source.get() 

710 if not ch: 

711 break 

712 if ch == "\\": 

713 # '_compile_replacement' will return either an int group reference 

714 # or a string literal. It returns items (plural) in order to handle 

715 # a 2-character literal (an invalid escape sequence). 

716 is_group, items = _compile_replacement(source, pattern, is_unicode) 

717 if is_group: 

718 # It's a group, so first flush the literal. 

719 if literal: 

720 compiled.append(make_string(literal)) 

721 literal = [] 

722 compiled.extend(items) 

723 else: 

724 literal.extend(items) 

725 else: 

726 literal.append(ord(ch)) 

727 

728 # Flush the literal. 

729 if literal: 

730 compiled.append(make_string(literal)) 

731 

732 _replacement_cache[key] = compiled 

733 

734 return compiled 

735 

736# We define Pattern here after all the support objects have been defined. 

737_pat = _compile('', 0, False, {}, False) 

738Pattern = type(_pat) 

739Match = type(_pat.match('')) 

740del _pat 

741 

742# Make Pattern public for typing annotations. 

743__all__.append("Pattern") 

744__all__.append("Match") 

745 

746# We'll define an alias for the 'compile' function so that the repr of a 

747# pattern object is eval-able. 

748Regex = compile 

749 

750# Register myself for pickling. 

751import copyreg as _copy_reg 

752 

753def _pickle(pattern): 

754 return _regex.compile, pattern._pickled_data 

755 

756_copy_reg.pickle(Pattern, _pickle)