Coverage Report

Created: 2026-01-18 06:47

next uncovered line (L), next uncovered region (R), next uncovered branch (B)
/src/php-src/Zend/zend_string.c
Line
Count
Source
1
/*
2
   +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
3
   | Zend Engine                                                          |
4
   +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
5
   | Copyright (c) Zend Technologies Ltd. (http://www.zend.com)           |
6
   +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
7
   | This source file is subject to version 2.00 of the Zend license,     |
8
   | that is bundled with this package in the file LICENSE, and is        |
9
   | available through the world-wide-web at the following url:           |
10
   | http://www.zend.com/license/2_00.txt.                                |
11
   | If you did not receive a copy of the Zend license and are unable to  |
12
   | obtain it through the world-wide-web, please send a note to          |
13
   | license@zend.com so we can mail you a copy immediately.              |
14
   +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
15
   | Authors: Dmitry Stogov <dmitry@php.net>                              |
16
   +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
17
*/
18
19
#include "zend.h"
20
#include "zend_globals.h"
21
22
#ifdef HAVE_VALGRIND
23
# include "valgrind/callgrind.h"
24
#endif
25
26
#if __has_feature(memory_sanitizer)
27
# include <sanitizer/msan_interface.h>
28
#endif
29
30
ZEND_API zend_new_interned_string_func_t zend_new_interned_string;
31
ZEND_API zend_string_init_interned_func_t zend_string_init_interned;
32
ZEND_API zend_string_init_existing_interned_func_t zend_string_init_existing_interned;
33
34
static zend_string* ZEND_FASTCALL zend_new_interned_string_permanent(zend_string *str);
35
static zend_string* ZEND_FASTCALL zend_new_interned_string_request(zend_string *str);
36
static zend_string* ZEND_FASTCALL zend_string_init_interned_permanent(const char *str, size_t size, bool permanent);
37
static zend_string* ZEND_FASTCALL zend_string_init_existing_interned_permanent(const char *str, size_t size, bool permanent);
38
static zend_string* ZEND_FASTCALL zend_string_init_interned_request(const char *str, size_t size, bool permanent);
39
static zend_string* ZEND_FASTCALL zend_string_init_existing_interned_request(const char *str, size_t size, bool permanent);
40
41
/* Any strings interned in the startup phase. Common to all the threads,
42
   won't be free'd until process exit. If we want an ability to
43
   add permanent strings even after startup, it would be still
44
   possible on costs of locking in the thread safe builds. */
45
static HashTable interned_strings_permanent;
46
47
static zend_new_interned_string_func_t interned_string_request_handler = zend_new_interned_string_request;
48
static zend_string_init_interned_func_t interned_string_init_request_handler = zend_string_init_interned_request;
49
static zend_string_init_existing_interned_func_t interned_string_init_existing_request_handler = zend_string_init_existing_interned_request;
50
51
ZEND_API zend_string  *zend_empty_string = NULL;
52
ZEND_API zend_string  *zend_one_char_string[256];
53
ZEND_API zend_string **zend_known_strings = NULL;
54
55
ZEND_API zend_ulong ZEND_FASTCALL zend_string_hash_func(zend_string *str)
56
51.6M
{
57
51.6M
  return ZSTR_H(str) = zend_hash_func(ZSTR_VAL(str), ZSTR_LEN(str));
58
51.6M
}
59
60
ZEND_API zend_ulong ZEND_FASTCALL zend_hash_func(const char *str, size_t len)
61
51.6M
{
62
51.6M
  return zend_inline_hash_func(str, len);
63
51.6M
}
64
65
static void _str_dtor(zval *zv)
66
0
{
67
0
  zend_string *str = Z_STR_P(zv);
68
0
  pefree(str, GC_FLAGS(str) & IS_STR_PERSISTENT);
69
0
}
70
71
static const char *known_strings[] = {
72
#define _ZEND_STR_DSC(id, str) str,
73
ZEND_KNOWN_STRINGS(_ZEND_STR_DSC)
74
#undef _ZEND_STR_DSC
75
  NULL
76
};
77
78
static zend_always_inline void zend_init_interned_strings_ht(HashTable *interned_strings, bool permanent)
79
53.5k
{
80
53.5k
  zend_hash_init(interned_strings, 1024, NULL, _str_dtor, permanent);
81
53.5k
  if (permanent) {
82
2
    zend_hash_real_init_mixed(interned_strings);
83
2
  }
84
53.5k
}
85
86
ZEND_API void zend_interned_strings_init(void)
87
2
{
88
2
  char s[2];
89
90
2
  interned_string_request_handler = zend_new_interned_string_request;
91
2
  interned_string_init_request_handler = zend_string_init_interned_request;
92
2
  interned_string_init_existing_request_handler = zend_string_init_existing_interned_request;
93
94
2
  zend_empty_string = NULL;
95
2
  zend_known_strings = NULL;
96
97
2
  zend_init_interned_strings_ht(&interned_strings_permanent, true);
98
99
2
  zend_new_interned_string = zend_new_interned_string_permanent;
100
2
  zend_string_init_interned = zend_string_init_interned_permanent;
101
2
  zend_string_init_existing_interned = zend_string_init_existing_interned_permanent;
102
103
  /* interned empty string */
104
2
  zend_empty_string = zend_string_init_interned_permanent("", 0, true);
105
2
  GC_ADD_FLAGS(zend_empty_string, IS_STR_VALID_UTF8);
106
107
2
  s[1] = 0;
108
514
  for (size_t i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
109
512
    s[0] = i;
110
512
    zend_one_char_string[i] = zend_string_init_interned_permanent(s, 1, true);
111
512
    if (i < 0x80) {
112
256
      GC_ADD_FLAGS(zend_one_char_string[i], IS_STR_VALID_UTF8);
113
256
    }
114
512
  }
115
116
  /* known strings */
117
2
  zend_known_strings = pemalloc(sizeof(zend_string*) * ((sizeof(known_strings) / sizeof(known_strings[0]) - 1)), 1);
118
180
  for (size_t i = 0; i < (sizeof(known_strings) / sizeof(known_strings[0])) - 1; i++) {
119
178
    zend_known_strings[i] = zend_string_init_interned_permanent(known_strings[i], strlen(known_strings[i]), true);
120
178
    GC_ADD_FLAGS(zend_known_strings[i], IS_STR_VALID_UTF8);
121
178
  }
122
2
}
123
124
ZEND_API void zend_interned_strings_dtor(void)
125
0
{
126
0
  zend_hash_destroy(&interned_strings_permanent);
127
128
0
  free(zend_known_strings);
129
0
  zend_known_strings = NULL;
130
0
}
131
132
static zend_always_inline zend_string *zend_interned_string_ht_lookup_ex(zend_ulong h, const char *str, size_t size, HashTable *interned_strings)
133
12.9k
{
134
12.9k
  uint32_t nIndex;
135
12.9k
  uint32_t idx;
136
12.9k
  Bucket *p;
137
138
12.9k
  nIndex = h | interned_strings->nTableMask;
139
12.9k
  idx = HT_HASH(interned_strings, nIndex);
140
16.3k
  while (idx != HT_INVALID_IDX) {
141
9.86k
    p = HT_HASH_TO_BUCKET(interned_strings, idx);
142
9.86k
    if ((p->h == h) && zend_string_equals_cstr(p->key, str, size)) {
143
6.45k
      return p->key;
144
6.45k
    }
145
3.41k
    idx = Z_NEXT(p->val);
146
3.41k
  }
147
148
6.50k
  return NULL;
149
12.9k
}
150
151
static zend_always_inline zend_string *zend_interned_string_ht_lookup(zend_string *str, HashTable *interned_strings)
152
1.64k
{
153
1.64k
  zend_ulong h = ZSTR_H(str);
154
1.64k
  uint32_t nIndex;
155
1.64k
  uint32_t idx;
156
1.64k
  Bucket *p;
157
158
1.64k
  nIndex = h | interned_strings->nTableMask;
159
1.64k
  idx = HT_HASH(interned_strings, nIndex);
160
2.14k
  while (idx != HT_INVALID_IDX) {
161
1.06k
    p = HT_HASH_TO_BUCKET(interned_strings, idx);
162
1.06k
    if ((p->h == h) && zend_string_equal_content(p->key, str)) {
163
568
      return p->key;
164
568
    }
165
492
    idx = Z_NEXT(p->val);
166
492
  }
167
168
1.08k
  return NULL;
169
1.64k
}
170
171
/* This function might be not thread safe at least because it would update the
172
   hash val in the passed string. Be sure it is called in the appropriate context. */
173
static zend_always_inline zend_string *zend_add_interned_string(zend_string *str, HashTable *interned_strings, uint32_t flags)
174
7.58k
{
175
7.58k
  zval val;
176
177
7.58k
  GC_SET_REFCOUNT(str, 1);
178
7.58k
  GC_ADD_FLAGS(str, IS_STR_INTERNED | flags);
179
180
7.58k
  ZVAL_INTERNED_STR(&val, str);
181
182
7.58k
  zend_hash_add_new(interned_strings, str, &val);
183
184
7.58k
  return str;
185
7.58k
}
186
187
ZEND_API zend_string* ZEND_FASTCALL zend_interned_string_find_permanent(zend_string *str)
188
0
{
189
0
  zend_string_hash_val(str);
190
0
  return zend_interned_string_ht_lookup(str, &interned_strings_permanent);
191
0
}
192
193
static zend_string* ZEND_FASTCALL zend_init_string_for_interning(zend_string *str, bool persistent)
194
16
{
195
16
  uint32_t flags = ZSTR_GET_COPYABLE_CONCAT_PROPERTIES(str);
196
16
  zend_ulong h = ZSTR_H(str);
197
16
  zend_string_delref(str);
198
16
  str = zend_string_init(ZSTR_VAL(str), ZSTR_LEN(str), persistent);
199
16
  GC_ADD_FLAGS(str, flags);
200
16
  ZSTR_H(str) = h;
201
16
  return str;
202
16
}
203
204
static zend_string* ZEND_FASTCALL zend_new_interned_string_permanent(zend_string *str)
205
4.00k
{
206
4.00k
  zend_string *ret;
207
208
4.00k
  if (ZSTR_IS_INTERNED(str)) {
209
2.35k
    return str;
210
2.35k
  }
211
212
1.64k
  zend_string_hash_val(str);
213
1.64k
  ret = zend_interned_string_ht_lookup(str, &interned_strings_permanent);
214
1.64k
  if (ret) {
215
568
    zend_string_release(str);
216
568
    return ret;
217
568
  }
218
219
1.08k
  ZEND_ASSERT(GC_FLAGS(str) & GC_PERSISTENT);
220
1.08k
  if (GC_REFCOUNT(str) > 1) {
221
16
    str = zend_init_string_for_interning(str, true);
222
16
  }
223
224
1.08k
  return zend_add_interned_string(str, &interned_strings_permanent, IS_STR_PERMANENT);
225
1.08k
}
226
227
static zend_string* ZEND_FASTCALL zend_new_interned_string_request(zend_string *str)
228
0
{
229
0
  zend_string *ret;
230
231
0
  if (ZSTR_IS_INTERNED(str)) {
232
0
    return str;
233
0
  }
234
235
0
  zend_string_hash_val(str);
236
237
  /* Check for permanent strings, the table is readonly at this point. */
238
0
  ret = zend_interned_string_ht_lookup(str, &interned_strings_permanent);
239
0
  if (ret) {
240
0
    zend_string_release(str);
241
0
    return ret;
242
0
  }
243
244
0
  ret = zend_interned_string_ht_lookup(str, &CG(interned_strings));
245
0
  if (ret) {
246
0
    zend_string_release(str);
247
0
    return ret;
248
0
  }
249
250
  /* Create a short living interned, freed after the request. */
251
#if ZEND_RC_DEBUG
252
  if (zend_rc_debug) {
253
    /* PHP shouldn't create persistent interned string during request,
254
     * but at least dl() may do this */
255
    ZEND_ASSERT(!(GC_FLAGS(str) & GC_PERSISTENT));
256
  }
257
#endif
258
0
  if (GC_REFCOUNT(str) > 1) {
259
0
    str = zend_init_string_for_interning(str, false);
260
0
  }
261
262
0
  ret = zend_add_interned_string(str, &CG(interned_strings), 0);
263
264
0
  return ret;
265
0
}
266
267
static zend_string* ZEND_FASTCALL zend_string_init_interned_permanent(const char *str, size_t size, bool permanent)
268
12.9k
{
269
12.9k
  zend_string *ret;
270
12.9k
  zend_ulong h = zend_inline_hash_func(str, size);
271
272
12.9k
  ret = zend_interned_string_ht_lookup_ex(h, str, size, &interned_strings_permanent);
273
12.9k
  if (ret) {
274
6.45k
    return ret;
275
6.45k
  }
276
277
6.50k
  ZEND_ASSERT(permanent);
278
6.50k
  ret = zend_string_init(str, size, permanent);
279
6.50k
  ZSTR_H(ret) = h;
280
6.50k
  return zend_add_interned_string(ret, &interned_strings_permanent, IS_STR_PERMANENT);
281
6.50k
}
282
283
static zend_string* ZEND_FASTCALL zend_string_init_existing_interned_permanent(const char *str, size_t size, bool permanent)
284
0
{
285
0
  zend_ulong h = zend_inline_hash_func(str, size);
286
0
  zend_string *ret = zend_interned_string_ht_lookup_ex(h, str, size, &interned_strings_permanent);
287
0
  if (ret) {
288
0
    return ret;
289
0
  }
290
291
0
  ZEND_ASSERT(permanent);
292
0
  ret = zend_string_init(str, size, permanent);
293
0
  ZSTR_H(ret) = h;
294
0
  return ret;
295
0
}
296
297
static zend_string* ZEND_FASTCALL zend_string_init_interned_request(const char *str, size_t size, bool permanent)
298
0
{
299
0
  zend_string *ret;
300
0
  zend_ulong h = zend_inline_hash_func(str, size);
301
302
  /* Check for permanent strings, the table is readonly at this point. */
303
0
  ret = zend_interned_string_ht_lookup_ex(h, str, size, &interned_strings_permanent);
304
0
  if (ret) {
305
0
    return ret;
306
0
  }
307
308
0
  ret = zend_interned_string_ht_lookup_ex(h, str, size, &CG(interned_strings));
309
0
  if (ret) {
310
0
    return ret;
311
0
  }
312
313
#if ZEND_RC_DEBUG
314
  if (zend_rc_debug) {
315
    /* PHP shouldn't create persistent interned string during request,
316
     * but at least dl() may do this */
317
    ZEND_ASSERT(!permanent);
318
  }
319
#endif
320
0
  ret = zend_string_init(str, size, permanent);
321
0
  ZSTR_H(ret) = h;
322
323
  /* Create a short living interned, freed after the request. */
324
0
  return zend_add_interned_string(ret, &CG(interned_strings), 0);
325
0
}
326
327
static zend_string* ZEND_FASTCALL zend_string_init_existing_interned_request(const char *str, size_t size, bool permanent)
328
0
{
329
0
  zend_ulong h = zend_inline_hash_func(str, size);
330
0
  zend_string *ret = zend_interned_string_ht_lookup_ex(h, str, size, &interned_strings_permanent);
331
0
  if (ret) {
332
0
    return ret;
333
0
  }
334
335
0
  ret = zend_interned_string_ht_lookup_ex(h, str, size, &CG(interned_strings));
336
0
  if (ret) {
337
0
    return ret;
338
0
  }
339
340
0
  ZEND_ASSERT(!permanent);
341
0
  ret = zend_string_init(str, size, permanent);
342
0
  ZSTR_H(ret) = h;
343
0
  return ret;
344
0
}
345
346
ZEND_API void zend_interned_strings_activate(void)
347
53.5k
{
348
53.5k
  zend_init_interned_strings_ht(&CG(interned_strings), false);
349
53.5k
}
350
351
ZEND_API void zend_interned_strings_deactivate(void)
352
53.5k
{
353
53.5k
  zend_hash_destroy(&CG(interned_strings));
354
53.5k
}
355
356
ZEND_API void zend_interned_strings_set_request_storage_handlers(zend_new_interned_string_func_t handler, zend_string_init_interned_func_t init_handler, zend_string_init_existing_interned_func_t init_existing_handler)
357
2
{
358
2
  interned_string_request_handler = handler;
359
2
  interned_string_init_request_handler = init_handler;
360
2
  interned_string_init_existing_request_handler = init_existing_handler;
361
2
}
362
363
ZEND_API void zend_interned_strings_switch_storage(bool request)
364
2
{
365
2
  if (request) {
366
2
    zend_new_interned_string = interned_string_request_handler;
367
2
    zend_string_init_interned = interned_string_init_request_handler;
368
2
    zend_string_init_existing_interned = interned_string_init_existing_request_handler;
369
2
  } else {
370
0
    zend_new_interned_string = zend_new_interned_string_permanent;
371
0
    zend_string_init_interned = zend_string_init_interned_permanent;
372
0
    zend_string_init_existing_interned = zend_string_init_existing_interned_permanent;
373
0
  }
374
2
}
375
376
#if defined(__GNUC__) && (defined(__i386__) || (defined(__x86_64__) && !defined(__ILP32__)))
377
/* Even if we don't build with valgrind support, include the symbol so that valgrind available
378
 * only at runtime will not result in false positives. */
379
#ifndef I_REPLACE_SONAME_FNNAME_ZU
380
# define I_REPLACE_SONAME_FNNAME_ZU(soname, fnname) _vgr00000ZU_ ## soname ## _ ## fnname
381
#endif
382
383
/* See GH-9068 */
384
#if __has_attribute(noipa)
385
# define NOIPA __attribute__((noipa))
386
#else
387
# define NOIPA
388
#endif
389
390
ZEND_API bool ZEND_FASTCALL I_REPLACE_SONAME_FNNAME_ZU(NONE,zend_string_equal_val)(const zend_string *s1, const zend_string *s2)
391
0
{
392
0
  return !memcmp(ZSTR_VAL(s1), ZSTR_VAL(s2), ZSTR_LEN(s1));
393
0
}
394
#endif
395
396
#if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__i386__)
397
ZEND_API zend_never_inline NOIPA bool ZEND_FASTCALL zend_string_equal_val(const zend_string *s1, const zend_string *s2)
398
{
399
  const char *ptr = ZSTR_VAL(s1);
400
  uintptr_t delta = (uintptr_t) s2 - (uintptr_t) s1;
401
  size_t len = ZSTR_LEN(s1);
402
  zend_ulong ret;
403
404
  __asm__ (
405
    "0:\n\t"
406
    "movl (%2,%3), %0\n\t"
407
    "xorl (%2), %0\n\t"
408
    "jne 1f\n\t"
409
    "addl $0x4, %2\n\t"
410
    "subl $0x4, %1\n\t"
411
    "ja 0b\n\t"
412
    "movl $0x1, %0\n\t"
413
    "jmp 3f\n\t"
414
    "1:\n\t"
415
    "cmpl $0x4,%1\n\t"
416
    "jb 2f\n\t"
417
    "xorl %0, %0\n\t"
418
    "jmp 3f\n\t"
419
    "2:\n\t"
420
    "negl %1\n\t"
421
    "lea 0x20(,%1,8), %1\n\t"
422
    "shll %b1, %0\n\t"
423
    "sete %b0\n\t"
424
    "movzbl %b0, %0\n\t"
425
    "3:\n"
426
    : "=&a"(ret),
427
      "+c"(len),
428
      "+r"(ptr)
429
    : "r"(delta)
430
    : "cc");
431
  return ret;
432
}
433
434
#elif defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__x86_64__) && !defined(__ILP32__)
435
ZEND_API zend_never_inline NOIPA bool ZEND_FASTCALL zend_string_equal_val(const zend_string *s1, const zend_string *s2)
436
4.04M
{
437
4.04M
  const char *ptr = ZSTR_VAL(s1);
438
4.04M
  uintptr_t delta = (uintptr_t) s2 - (uintptr_t) s1;
439
4.04M
  size_t len = ZSTR_LEN(s1);
440
4.04M
  zend_ulong ret;
441
442
4.04M
  __asm__ (
443
4.04M
    "0:\n\t"
444
4.04M
    "movq (%2,%3), %0\n\t"
445
4.04M
    "xorq (%2), %0\n\t"
446
4.04M
    "jne 1f\n\t"
447
4.04M
    "addq $0x8, %2\n\t"
448
4.04M
    "subq $0x8, %1\n\t"
449
4.04M
    "ja 0b\n\t"
450
4.04M
    "movq $0x1, %0\n\t"
451
4.04M
    "jmp 3f\n\t"
452
4.04M
    "1:\n\t"
453
4.04M
    "cmpq $0x8,%1\n\t"
454
4.04M
    "jb 2f\n\t"
455
4.04M
    "xorq %0, %0\n\t"
456
4.04M
    "jmp 3f\n\t"
457
4.04M
    "2:\n\t"
458
4.04M
    "negq %1\n\t"
459
4.04M
    "lea 0x40(,%1,8), %1\n\t"
460
4.04M
    "shlq %b1, %0\n\t"
461
4.04M
    "sete %b0\n\t"
462
4.04M
    "movzbq %b0, %0\n\t"
463
4.04M
    "3:\n"
464
4.04M
    : "=&a"(ret),
465
4.04M
      "+c"(len),
466
4.04M
      "+r"(ptr)
467
4.04M
    : "r"(delta)
468
4.04M
    : "cc");
469
4.04M
  return ret;
470
4.04M
}
471
#endif
472
473
ZEND_API zend_string *zend_string_concat2(
474
    const char *str1, size_t str1_len,
475
    const char *str2, size_t str2_len)
476
909
{
477
909
  size_t len = str1_len + str2_len;
478
909
  zend_string *res = zend_string_alloc(len, 0);
479
480
909
  memcpy(ZSTR_VAL(res), str1, str1_len);
481
909
  memcpy(ZSTR_VAL(res) + str1_len, str2, str2_len);
482
909
  ZSTR_VAL(res)[len] = '\0';
483
484
909
  return res;
485
909
}
486
487
ZEND_API zend_string *zend_string_concat3(
488
    const char *str1, size_t str1_len,
489
    const char *str2, size_t str2_len,
490
    const char *str3, size_t str3_len)
491
17.8M
{
492
17.8M
  size_t len = str1_len + str2_len + str3_len;
493
17.8M
  zend_string *res = zend_string_alloc(len, 0);
494
495
17.8M
  memcpy(ZSTR_VAL(res), str1, str1_len);
496
17.8M
  memcpy(ZSTR_VAL(res) + str1_len, str2, str2_len);
497
17.8M
  memcpy(ZSTR_VAL(res) + str1_len + str2_len, str3, str3_len);
498
17.8M
  ZSTR_VAL(res)[len] = '\0';
499
500
17.8M
  return res;
501
17.8M
}
502
503
/* strlcpy and strlcat are not always intercepted by msan, so we need to do it
504
 * ourselves. Apply a simple heuristic to determine the platforms that need it.
505
 * See https://github.com/php/php-src/issues/20002. */
506
#if __has_feature(memory_sanitizer) && !defined(__FreeBSD__) && !defined(__NetBSD__) && !defined(__APPLE__)
507
static size_t (*libc_strlcpy)(char *__restrict, const char *__restrict, size_t);
508
size_t strlcpy(char *__restrict dest, const char *__restrict src, size_t n)
509
{
510
  if (!libc_strlcpy) {
511
    libc_strlcpy = dlsym(RTLD_NEXT, "strlcpy");
512
  }
513
  size_t result = libc_strlcpy(dest, src, n);
514
  __msan_unpoison_string(dest);
515
  return result;
516
}
517
static size_t (*libc_strlcat)(char *__restrict, const char *__restrict, size_t);
518
size_t strlcat (char *__restrict dest, const char *restrict src, size_t n)
519
{
520
  if (!libc_strlcat) {
521
    libc_strlcat = dlsym(RTLD_NEXT, "strlcat");
522
  }
523
  size_t result = libc_strlcat(dest, src, n);
524
  __msan_unpoison_string(dest);
525
  return result;
526
}
527
#endif