/src/php-src/ext/standard/metaphone.c

Source (jump to first uncovered line)
/*
   +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | Copyright (c) The PHP Group                                          |
   +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | This source file is subject to version 3.01 of the PHP license,      |
   | that is bundled with this package in the file LICENSE, and is        |
   | available through the world-wide-web at the following url:           |
   | https://www.php.net/license/3_01.txt                                 |
   | If you did not receive a copy of the PHP license and are unable to   |
   | obtain it through the world-wide-web, please send a note to          |
   | license@php.net so we can mail you a copy immediately.               |
   +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | Author: Thies C. Arntzen <thies@thieso.net>                          |
   +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
*/

/*
  Based on CPANs "Text-Metaphone-1.96" by Michael G Schwern <schwern@pobox.com>
*/

#include "php.h"

static void metaphone(unsigned char *word, size_t word_len, zend_long max_phonemes, zend_string **phoned_word, int traditional);

/* {{{ Break english phrases down into their phonemes */
PHP_FUNCTION(metaphone)
{
  zend_string *str;
  zend_string *result = NULL;
  zend_long phones = 0;

  ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_START(1, 2)
    Z_PARAM_STR(str)
    Z_PARAM_OPTIONAL
    Z_PARAM_LONG(phones)
  ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_END();

  if (phones < 0) {
    zend_argument_value_error(2, "must be greater than or equal to 0");
    RETURN_THROWS();
  }

  metaphone((unsigned char *)ZSTR_VAL(str), ZSTR_LEN(str), phones, &result, 1);
  RETVAL_STR(result);
}
/* }}} */

/*
   this is now the original code by Michael G Schwern:
   i've changed it just a slightly bit (use emalloc,
   get rid of includes etc)
  - thies - 13.09.1999
*/

/*-----------------------------  */
/* this used to be "metaphone.h" */
/*-----------------------------  */

/* Special encodings */
#define  SH   'X'
#define  TH   '0'

/*-----------------------------  */
/* end of "metaphone.h"          */
/*-----------------------------  */

/*----------------------------- */
/* this used to be "metachar.h" */
/*----------------------------- */

/* Metachar.h ... little bits about characters for metaphone */
/*-- Character encoding array & accessing macros --*/
/* Stolen directly out of the book... */
static const char _codes[26] =
{
  1, 16, 4, 16, 9, 2, 4, 16, 9, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2, 1, 4, 0, 2, 4, 4, 1, 0, 0, 0, 8, 0
/*  a  b c  d e f g  h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z */
};


/* Note: these functions require an uppercase letter input! */
static zend_always_inline char encode(char c) {
  if (isalpha(c)) {
    ZEND_ASSERT(c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z');
    return _codes[(c - 'A')];
  } else {
    return 0;
  }
}

#define isvowel(c)  (encode(c) & 1)    /* AEIOU */

/* These letters are passed through unchanged */
#define NOCHANGE(c) (encode(c) & 2)   /* FJMNR */

/* These form diphthongs when preceding H */
#define AFFECTH(c)  (encode(c) & 4)    /* CGPST */

/* These make C and G soft */
#define MAKESOFT(c) (encode(c) & 8)    /* EIY */

/* These prevent GH from becoming F */
#define NOGHTOF(c)  (encode(c) & 16)  /* BDH */

/*----------------------------- */
/* end of "metachar.h"          */
/*----------------------------- */

/* I suppose I could have been using a character pointer instead of
 * accesssing the array directly... */

#define Convert_Raw(c) toupper(c)
/* Look at the next letter in the word */
#define Read_Raw_Next_Letter (word[w_idx+1])
#define Read_Next_Letter (Convert_Raw(Read_Raw_Next_Letter))
/* Look at the current letter in the word */
#define Read_Raw_Curr_Letter (word[w_idx])
#define Read_Curr_Letter (Convert_Raw(Read_Raw_Curr_Letter))
/* Go N letters back. */
#define Look_Back_Letter(n) (w_idx >= n ? Convert_Raw(word[w_idx-n]) : '\0')
/* Previous letter.  I dunno, should this return null on failure? */
#define Read_Prev_Letter (Look_Back_Letter(1))
/* Look two letters down.  It makes sure you don't walk off the string. */
#define Read_After_Next_Letter  (Read_Raw_Next_Letter != '\0' ? Convert_Raw(word[w_idx+2]) \
                           : '\0')
#define Look_Ahead_Letter(n) (toupper(Lookahead((char *) word+w_idx, n)))


/* Allows us to safely look ahead an arbitrary # of letters */
/* I probably could have just used strlen... */
static char Lookahead(char *word, int how_far)
{
  int idx;
  for (idx = 0; word[idx] != '\0' && idx < how_far; idx++);
  /* Edge forward in the string... */

  return  word[idx];      /* idx will be either == to how_far or
                 * at the end of the string where it will be null
                 */
}


/* phonize one letter
 * We don't know the buffers size in advance. On way to solve this is to just
 * re-allocate the buffer size. We're using an extra of 2 characters (this
 * could be one though; or more too). */
#define Phonize(c)  { \
            if (p_idx >= max_buffer_len) { \
              *phoned_word = zend_string_extend(*phoned_word, 2 * sizeof(char) + max_buffer_len, 0); \
              max_buffer_len += 2; \
            } \
            ZSTR_VAL(*phoned_word)[p_idx++] = c; \
            ZSTR_LEN(*phoned_word) = p_idx; \
          }
/* Slap a null character on the end of the phoned word */
#define End_Phoned_Word() { \
              if (p_idx == max_buffer_len) { \
                *phoned_word = zend_string_extend(*phoned_word, 1 * sizeof(char) + max_buffer_len, 0); \
                max_buffer_len += 1; \
              } \
              ZSTR_VAL(*phoned_word)[p_idx] = '\0'; \
              ZSTR_LEN(*phoned_word) = p_idx; \
            }
/* How long is the phoned word? */
#define Phone_Len (p_idx)

/* Note is a letter is a 'break' in the word */
#define Isbreak(c)  (!isalpha(c))

/* {{{ metaphone */
static void metaphone(unsigned char *word, size_t word_len, zend_long max_phonemes, zend_string **phoned_word, int traditional)
{
  int w_idx = 0;        /* point in the phonization we're at. */
  size_t p_idx = 0;       /* end of the phoned phrase */
  size_t max_buffer_len = 0;    /* maximum length of the destination buffer */
  char curr_letter;
  ZEND_ASSERT(word != NULL);
  ZEND_ASSERT(max_phonemes >= 0);

/*-- Allocate memory for our phoned_phrase --*/
  if (max_phonemes == 0) { /* Assume largest possible */
    max_buffer_len = word_len;
    *phoned_word = zend_string_alloc(sizeof(char) * word_len + 1, 0);
  } else {
    max_buffer_len = max_phonemes;
    *phoned_word = zend_string_alloc(sizeof(char) * max_phonemes + 1, 0);
  }


/*-- The first phoneme has to be processed specially. --*/
  /* Find our first letter */
  for (; !isalpha(curr_letter = Read_Raw_Curr_Letter); w_idx++) {
    /* On the off chance we were given nothing but crap... */
    if (curr_letter == '\0') {
      End_Phoned_Word();
      return;
    }
  }

  curr_letter = Convert_Raw(curr_letter);

  switch (curr_letter) {
    /* AE becomes E */
  case 'A':
    if (Read_Next_Letter == 'E') {
      Phonize('E');
      w_idx += 2;
    }
    /* Remember, preserve vowels at the beginning */
    else {
      Phonize('A');
      w_idx++;
    }
    break;
    /* [GKP]N becomes N */
  case 'G':
  case 'K':
  case 'P':
    if (Read_Next_Letter == 'N') {
      Phonize('N');
      w_idx += 2;
    }
    break;
    /* WH becomes W,
       WR becomes R
       W if followed by a vowel */
  case 'W': {
    char next_letter = Read_Next_Letter;
    if (next_letter == 'R') {
      Phonize('R');
      w_idx += 2;
    } else if (next_letter == 'H' || isvowel(next_letter)) {
      Phonize('W');
      w_idx += 2;
    }
    /* else ignore */
    break;
  }
    /* X becomes S */
  case 'X':
    Phonize('S');
    w_idx++;
    break;
    /* Vowels are kept */
    /* We did A already
       case 'A':
       case 'a':
     */
  case 'E':
  case 'I':
  case 'O':
  case 'U':
    Phonize(curr_letter);
    w_idx++;
    break;
  default:
    /* do nothing */
    break;
  }



  /* On to the metaphoning */
  for (; (curr_letter = Read_Raw_Curr_Letter) != '\0' &&
     (max_phonemes == 0 || Phone_Len < (size_t)max_phonemes);
     w_idx++) {
    /* How many letters to skip because an eariler encoding handled
     * multiple letters */
    unsigned short int skip_letter = 0;


    /* THOUGHT:  It would be nice if, rather than having things like...
     * well, SCI.  For SCI you encode the S, then have to remember
     * to skip the C.  So the phonome SCI invades both S and C.  It would
     * be better, IMHO, to skip the C from the S part of the encoding.
     * Hell, I'm trying it.
     */

    /* Ignore non-alphas */
    if (!isalpha(curr_letter))
      continue;

    curr_letter = Convert_Raw(curr_letter);
    /* Note: we can't cache curr_letter from the previous loop
     * because of the skip_letter variable. */
    char prev_letter = Read_Prev_Letter;

    /* Drop duplicates, except CC */
    if (curr_letter == prev_letter &&
      curr_letter != 'C')
      continue;

    switch (curr_letter) {
      /* B -> B unless in MB */
    case 'B':
      if (prev_letter != 'M')
        Phonize('B');
      break;
      /* 'sh' if -CIA- or -CH, but not SCH, except SCHW.
       * (SCHW is handled in S)
       *  S if -CI-, -CE- or -CY-
       *  dropped if -SCI-, SCE-, -SCY- (handed in S)
       *  else K
       */
    case 'C': {
      char next_letter = Read_Next_Letter;
      if (MAKESOFT(next_letter)) { /* C[IEY] */
        if (next_letter == 'I' && Read_After_Next_Letter == 'A') { /* CIA */
          Phonize(SH);
        }
        /* SC[IEY] */
        else if (prev_letter == 'S') {
          /* Dropped */
        } else {
          Phonize('S');
        }
      } else if (next_letter == 'H') {
        if ((!traditional) && (prev_letter == 'S' || Read_After_Next_Letter == 'R')) { /* Christ, School */
          Phonize('K');
        } else {
          Phonize(SH);
        }
        skip_letter++;
      } else {
        Phonize('K');
      }
      break;
    }
      /* J if in -DGE-, -DGI- or -DGY-
       * else T
       */
    case 'D':
      if (Read_Next_Letter == 'G' &&
        MAKESOFT(Read_After_Next_Letter)) {
        Phonize('J');
        skip_letter++;
      } else
        Phonize('T');
      break;
      /* F if in -GH and not B--GH, D--GH, -H--GH, -H---GH
       * else dropped if -GNED, -GN,
       * else dropped if -DGE-, -DGI- or -DGY- (handled in D)
       * else J if in -GE-, -GI, -GY and not GG
       * else K
       */
    case 'G': {
      char next_letter = Read_Next_Letter;
      if (next_letter == 'H') {
        if (!(NOGHTOF(Look_Back_Letter(3)) ||
            Look_Back_Letter(4) == 'H')) {
          Phonize('F');
          skip_letter++;
        } else {
          /* silent */
        }
      } else if (next_letter == 'N') {
        char after_next_letter = Read_After_Next_Letter;
        if (Isbreak(after_next_letter) ||
          (after_next_letter == 'E' &&
           Look_Ahead_Letter(3) == 'D')) {
          /* dropped */
        } else
          Phonize('K');
      } else if (MAKESOFT(next_letter) &&
             prev_letter != 'G') {
        Phonize('J');
      } else {
        Phonize('K');
      }
      break;
    }
      /* H if before a vowel and not after C,G,P,S,T */
    case 'H':
      if (isvowel(Read_Next_Letter) &&
        !AFFECTH(prev_letter))
        Phonize('H');
      break;
      /* dropped if after C
       * else K
       */
    case 'K':
      if (prev_letter != 'C')
        Phonize('K');
      break;
      /* F if before H
       * else P
       */
    case 'P':
      if (Read_Next_Letter == 'H') {
        Phonize('F');
      } else {
        Phonize('P');
      }
      break;
      /* K
       */
    case 'Q':
      Phonize('K');
      break;
      /* 'sh' in -SH-, -SIO- or -SIA- or -SCHW-
       * else S
       */
    case 'S': {
      char next_letter = Read_Next_Letter;
      char after_next_letter;
      if (next_letter == 'I' &&
        ((after_next_letter = Read_After_Next_Letter) == 'O' ||
         after_next_letter == 'A')) {
        Phonize(SH);
      } else if (next_letter == 'H') {
        Phonize(SH);
        skip_letter++;
      } else if ((!traditional) && (next_letter == 'C' && Look_Ahead_Letter(2) == 'H' && Look_Ahead_Letter(3) == 'W')) {
        Phonize(SH);
        skip_letter += 2;
      } else {
        Phonize('S');
      }
      break;
    }
      /* 'sh' in -TIA- or -TIO-
       * else 'th' before H
       * else T
       */
    case 'T': {
      char next_letter = Read_Next_Letter;
      char after_next_letter;
      if (next_letter == 'I' &&
        ((after_next_letter = Read_After_Next_Letter) == 'O' ||
         after_next_letter == 'A')) {
        Phonize(SH);
      } else if (next_letter == 'H') {
        Phonize(TH);
        skip_letter++;
      } else if (!(next_letter == 'C' && Read_After_Next_Letter == 'H')) {
        Phonize('T');
      }
      break;
    }
      /* F */
    case 'V':
      Phonize('F');
      break;
      /* W before a vowel, else dropped */
    case 'W':
      if (isvowel(Read_Next_Letter))
        Phonize('W');
      break;
      /* KS */
    case 'X':
      Phonize('K');
      Phonize('S');
      break;
      /* Y if followed by a vowel */
    case 'Y':
      if (isvowel(Read_Next_Letter))
        Phonize('Y');
      break;
      /* S */
    case 'Z':
      Phonize('S');
      break;
      /* No transformation */
    case 'F':
    case 'J':
    case 'L':
    case 'M':
    case 'N':
    case 'R':
      Phonize(curr_letter);
      break;
    default:
      /* nothing */
      break;
    }           /* END SWITCH */

    w_idx += skip_letter;
  }              /* END FOR */

  End_Phoned_Word();
}                /* END metaphone */
/* }}} */

Coverage Report

Created: 2025-06-13 06:43

Line	Count	Source (jump to first uncovered line)
1		/*
2		+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
3		\| Copyright (c) The PHP Group \|
4		+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
5		\| This source file is subject to version 3.01 of the PHP license, \|
6		\| that is bundled with this package in the file LICENSE, and is \|
7		\| available through the world-wide-web at the following url: \|
8		\| https://www.php.net/license/3_01.txt \|
9		\| If you did not receive a copy of the PHP license and are unable to \|
10		\| obtain it through the world-wide-web, please send a note to \|
11		\| license@php.net so we can mail you a copy immediately. \|
12		+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
13		\| Author: Thies C. Arntzen <thies@thieso.net> \|
14		+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
15		*/
16
17		/*
18		Based on CPANs "Text-Metaphone-1.96" by Michael G Schwern <schwern@pobox.com>
19		*/
20
21		#include "php.h"
22
23		static void metaphone(unsigned char word, size_t word_len, zend_long max_phonemes, zend_string *phoned_word, int traditional);
24
25		/* {{{ Break english phrases down into their phonemes */
26		PHP_FUNCTION(metaphone)
27	0	{
28	0	zend_string *str;
29	0	zend_string *result = NULL;
30	0	zend_long phones = 0;
31
32	0	ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_START(1, 2)
33	0	Z_PARAM_STR(str)
34	0	Z_PARAM_OPTIONAL
35	0	Z_PARAM_LONG(phones)
36	0	ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_END();
37
38	0	if (phones < 0) {
39	0	zend_argument_value_error(2, "must be greater than or equal to 0");
40	0	RETURN_THROWS();
41	0	}
42
43	0	metaphone((unsigned char *)ZSTR_VAL(str), ZSTR_LEN(str), phones, &result, 1);
44	0	RETVAL_STR(result);
45	0	}
46		/* }}} */
47
48		/*
49		this is now the original code by Michael G Schwern:
50		i've changed it just a slightly bit (use emalloc,
51		get rid of includes etc)
52		- thies - 13.09.1999
53		*/
54
55		/----------------------------- /
56		/* this used to be "metaphone.h" */
57		/----------------------------- /
58
59		/* Special encodings */
60		#define SH 'X'
61		#define TH '0'
62
63		/----------------------------- /
64		/* end of "metaphone.h" */
65		/----------------------------- /
66
67		/----------------------------- /
68		/* this used to be "metachar.h" */
69		/----------------------------- /
70
71		/* Metachar.h ... little bits about characters for metaphone */
72		/-- Character encoding array & accessing macros --/
73		/* Stolen directly out of the book... */
74		static const char _codes[26] =
75		{
76		1, 16, 4, 16, 9, 2, 4, 16, 9, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2, 1, 4, 0, 2, 4, 4, 1, 0, 0, 0, 8, 0
77		/* a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z */
78		};
79
80
81		/* Note: these functions require an uppercase letter input! */
82	0	static zend_always_inline char encode(char c) {
83	0	if (isalpha(c)) {
84	0	ZEND_ASSERT(c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z');
85	0	return _codes[(c - 'A')];
86	0	} else {
87	0	return 0;
88	0	}
89	0	}
90
91	0	#define isvowel(c) (encode(c) & 1) /* AEIOU */
92
93		/* These letters are passed through unchanged */
94		#define NOCHANGE(c) (encode(c) & 2) /* FJMNR */
95
96		/* These form diphthongs when preceding H */
97	0	#define AFFECTH(c) (encode(c) & 4) /* CGPST */
98
99		/* These make C and G soft */
100	0	#define MAKESOFT(c) (encode(c) & 8) /* EIY */
101
102		/* These prevent GH from becoming F */
103	0	#define NOGHTOF(c) (encode(c) & 16) /* BDH */
104
105		/----------------------------- /
106		/* end of "metachar.h" */
107		/----------------------------- /
108
109		/* I suppose I could have been using a character pointer instead of
110		* accesssing the array directly... */
111
112	0	#define Convert_Raw(c) toupper(c)
113		/* Look at the next letter in the word */
114	0	#define Read_Raw_Next_Letter (word[w_idx+1])
115	0	#define Read_Next_Letter (Convert_Raw(Read_Raw_Next_Letter))
116		/* Look at the current letter in the word */
117	0	#define Read_Raw_Curr_Letter (word[w_idx])
118		#define Read_Curr_Letter (Convert_Raw(Read_Raw_Curr_Letter))
119		/* Go N letters back. */
120	0	#define Look_Back_Letter(n) (w_idx >= n ? Convert_Raw(word[w_idx-n]) : '\0')
121		/* Previous letter. I dunno, should this return null on failure? */
122	0	#define Read_Prev_Letter (Look_Back_Letter(1))
123		/* Look two letters down. It makes sure you don't walk off the string. */
124	0	#define Read_After_Next_Letter (Read_Raw_Next_Letter != '\0' ? Convert_Raw(word[w_idx+2]) \
125	0	: '\0')
126	0	#define Look_Ahead_Letter(n) (toupper(Lookahead((char *) word+w_idx, n)))
127
128
129		/* Allows us to safely look ahead an arbitrary # of letters */
130		/* I probably could have just used strlen... */
131		static char Lookahead(char *word, int how_far)
132	0	{
133	0	int idx;
134	0	for (idx = 0; word[idx] != '\0' && idx < how_far; idx++);
135		/* Edge forward in the string... */
136
137	0	return word[idx]; /* idx will be either == to how_far or
138		* at the end of the string where it will be null
139		*/
140	0	}
141
142
143		/* phonize one letter
144		* We don't know the buffers size in advance. On way to solve this is to just
145		* re-allocate the buffer size. We're using an extra of 2 characters (this
146		* could be one though; or more too). */
147	0	#define Phonize(c) { \
148	0	if (p_idx >= max_buffer_len) { \
149	0	phoned_word = zend_string_extend(phoned_word, 2 * sizeof(char) + max_buffer_len, 0); \
150	0	max_buffer_len += 2; \
151	0	} \
152	0	ZSTR_VAL(*phoned_word)[p_idx++] = c; \
153	0	ZSTR_LEN(*phoned_word) = p_idx; \
154	0	}
155		/* Slap a null character on the end of the phoned word */
156	0	#define End_Phoned_Word() { \
157	0	if (p_idx == max_buffer_len) { \
158	0	phoned_word = zend_string_extend(phoned_word, 1 * sizeof(char) + max_buffer_len, 0); \
159	0	max_buffer_len += 1; \
160	0	} \
161	0	ZSTR_VAL(*phoned_word)[p_idx] = '\0'; \
162	0	ZSTR_LEN(*phoned_word) = p_idx; \
163	0	}
164		/* How long is the phoned word? */
165	0	#define Phone_Len (p_idx)
166
167		/* Note is a letter is a 'break' in the word */
168	0	#define Isbreak(c) (!isalpha(c))
169
170		/* {{{ metaphone */
171		static void metaphone(unsigned char word, size_t word_len, zend_long max_phonemes, zend_string *phoned_word, int traditional)
172	0	{
173	0	int w_idx = 0; /* point in the phonization we're at. */
174	0	size_t p_idx = 0; /* end of the phoned phrase */
175	0	size_t max_buffer_len = 0; /* maximum length of the destination buffer */
176	0	char curr_letter;
177	0	ZEND_ASSERT(word != NULL);
178	0	ZEND_ASSERT(max_phonemes >= 0);
179
180		/-- Allocate memory for our phoned_phrase --/
181	0	if (max_phonemes == 0) { /* Assume largest possible */
182	0	max_buffer_len = word_len;
183	0	phoned_word = zend_string_alloc(sizeof(char) word_len + 1, 0);
184	0	} else {
185	0	max_buffer_len = max_phonemes;
186	0	phoned_word = zend_string_alloc(sizeof(char) max_phonemes + 1, 0);
187	0	}
188
189
190		/-- The first phoneme has to be processed specially. --/
191		/* Find our first letter */
192	0	for (; !isalpha(curr_letter = Read_Raw_Curr_Letter); w_idx++) {
193		/* On the off chance we were given nothing but crap... */
194	0	if (curr_letter == '\0') {
195	0	End_Phoned_Word();
196	0	return;
197	0	}
198	0	}
199
200	0	curr_letter = Convert_Raw(curr_letter);
201
202	0	switch (curr_letter) {
203		/* AE becomes E */
204	0	case 'A':
205	0	if (Read_Next_Letter == 'E') {
206	0	Phonize('E');
207	0	w_idx += 2;
208	0	}
209		/* Remember, preserve vowels at the beginning */
210	0	else {
211	0	Phonize('A');
212	0	w_idx++;
213	0	}
214	0	break;
215		/* [GKP]N becomes N */
216	0	case 'G':
217	0	case 'K':
218	0	case 'P':
219	0	if (Read_Next_Letter == 'N') {
220	0	Phonize('N');
221	0	w_idx += 2;
222	0	}
223	0	break;
224		/* WH becomes W,
225		WR becomes R
226		W if followed by a vowel */
227	0	case 'W': {
228	0	char next_letter = Read_Next_Letter;
229	0	if (next_letter == 'R') {
230	0	Phonize('R');
231	0	w_idx += 2;
232	0	} else if (next_letter == 'H' \|\| isvowel(next_letter)) {
233	0	Phonize('W');
234	0	w_idx += 2;
235	0	}
236		/* else ignore */
237	0	break;
238	0	}
239		/* X becomes S */
240	0	case 'X':
241	0	Phonize('S');
242	0	w_idx++;
243	0	break;
244		/* Vowels are kept */
245		/* We did A already
246		case 'A':
247		case 'a':
248		*/
249	0	case 'E':
250	0	case 'I':
251	0	case 'O':
252	0	case 'U':
253	0	Phonize(curr_letter);
254	0	w_idx++;
255	0	break;
256	0	default:
257		/* do nothing */
258	0	break;
259	0	}
260
261
262
263		/* On to the metaphoning */
264	0	for (; (curr_letter = Read_Raw_Curr_Letter) != '\0' &&
265	0	(max_phonemes == 0 \|\| Phone_Len < (size_t)max_phonemes);
266	0	w_idx++) {
267		/* How many letters to skip because an eariler encoding handled
268		* multiple letters */
269	0	unsigned short int skip_letter = 0;
270
271
272		/* THOUGHT: It would be nice if, rather than having things like...
273		* well, SCI. For SCI you encode the S, then have to remember
274		* to skip the C. So the phonome SCI invades both S and C. It would
275		* be better, IMHO, to skip the C from the S part of the encoding.
276		* Hell, I'm trying it.
277		*/
278
279		/* Ignore non-alphas */
280	0	if (!isalpha(curr_letter))
281	0	continue;
282
283	0	curr_letter = Convert_Raw(curr_letter);
284		/* Note: we can't cache curr_letter from the previous loop
285		* because of the skip_letter variable. */
286	0	char prev_letter = Read_Prev_Letter;
287
288		/* Drop duplicates, except CC */
289	0	if (curr_letter == prev_letter &&
290	0	curr_letter != 'C')
291	0	continue;
292
293	0	switch (curr_letter) {
294		/* B -> B unless in MB */
295	0	case 'B':
296	0	if (prev_letter != 'M')
297	0	Phonize('B');
298	0	break;
299		/* 'sh' if -CIA- or -CH, but not SCH, except SCHW.
300		* (SCHW is handled in S)
301		* S if -CI-, -CE- or -CY-
302		* dropped if -SCI-, SCE-, -SCY- (handed in S)
303		* else K
304		*/
305	0	case 'C': {
306	0	char next_letter = Read_Next_Letter;
307	0	if (MAKESOFT(next_letter)) { /* C[IEY] */
308	0	if (next_letter == 'I' && Read_After_Next_Letter == 'A') { /* CIA */
309	0	Phonize(SH);
310	0	}
311		/* SC[IEY] */
312	0	else if (prev_letter == 'S') {
313		/* Dropped */
314	0	} else {
315	0	Phonize('S');
316	0	}
317	0	} else if (next_letter == 'H') {
318	0	if ((!traditional) && (prev_letter == 'S' \|\| Read_After_Next_Letter == 'R')) { /* Christ, School */
319	0	Phonize('K');
320	0	} else {
321	0	Phonize(SH);
322	0	}
323	0	skip_letter++;
324	0	} else {
325	0	Phonize('K');
326	0	}
327	0	break;
328	0	}
329		/* J if in -DGE-, -DGI- or -DGY-
330		* else T
331		*/
332	0	case 'D':
333	0	if (Read_Next_Letter == 'G' &&
334	0	MAKESOFT(Read_After_Next_Letter)) {
335	0	Phonize('J');
336	0	skip_letter++;
337	0	} else
338	0	Phonize('T');
339	0	break;
340		/* F if in -GH and not B--GH, D--GH, -H--GH, -H---GH
341		* else dropped if -GNED, -GN,
342		* else dropped if -DGE-, -DGI- or -DGY- (handled in D)
343		* else J if in -GE-, -GI, -GY and not GG
344		* else K
345		*/
346	0	case 'G': {
347	0	char next_letter = Read_Next_Letter;
348	0	if (next_letter == 'H') {
349	0	if (!(NOGHTOF(Look_Back_Letter(3)) \|\|
350	0	Look_Back_Letter(4) == 'H')) {
351	0	Phonize('F');
352	0	skip_letter++;
353	0	} else {
354		/* silent */
355	0	}
356	0	} else if (next_letter == 'N') {
357	0	char after_next_letter = Read_After_Next_Letter;
358	0	if (Isbreak(after_next_letter) \|\|
359	0	(after_next_letter == 'E' &&
360	0	Look_Ahead_Letter(3) == 'D')) {
361		/* dropped */
362	0	} else
363	0	Phonize('K');
364	0	} else if (MAKESOFT(next_letter) &&
365	0	prev_letter != 'G') {
366	0	Phonize('J');
367	0	} else {
368	0	Phonize('K');
369	0	}
370	0	break;
371	0	}
372		/* H if before a vowel and not after C,G,P,S,T */
373	0	case 'H':
374	0	if (isvowel(Read_Next_Letter) &&
375	0	!AFFECTH(prev_letter))
376	0	Phonize('H');
377	0	break;
378		/* dropped if after C
379		* else K
380		*/
381	0	case 'K':
382	0	if (prev_letter != 'C')
383	0	Phonize('K');
384	0	break;
385		/* F if before H
386		* else P
387		*/
388	0	case 'P':
389	0	if (Read_Next_Letter == 'H') {
390	0	Phonize('F');
391	0	} else {
392	0	Phonize('P');
393	0	}
394	0	break;
395		/* K
396		*/
397	0	case 'Q':
398	0	Phonize('K');
399	0	break;
400		/* 'sh' in -SH-, -SIO- or -SIA- or -SCHW-
401		* else S
402		*/
403	0	case 'S': {
404	0	char next_letter = Read_Next_Letter;
405	0	char after_next_letter;
406	0	if (next_letter == 'I' &&
407	0	((after_next_letter = Read_After_Next_Letter) == 'O' \|\|
408	0	after_next_letter == 'A')) {
409	0	Phonize(SH);
410	0	} else if (next_letter == 'H') {
411	0	Phonize(SH);
412	0	skip_letter++;
413	0	} else if ((!traditional) && (next_letter == 'C' && Look_Ahead_Letter(2) == 'H' && Look_Ahead_Letter(3) == 'W')) {
414	0	Phonize(SH);
415	0	skip_letter += 2;
416	0	} else {
417	0	Phonize('S');
418	0	}
419	0	break;
420	0	}
421		/* 'sh' in -TIA- or -TIO-
422		* else 'th' before H
423		* else T
424		*/
425	0	case 'T': {
426	0	char next_letter = Read_Next_Letter;
427	0	char after_next_letter;
428	0	if (next_letter == 'I' &&
429	0	((after_next_letter = Read_After_Next_Letter) == 'O' \|\|
430	0	after_next_letter == 'A')) {
431	0	Phonize(SH);
432	0	} else if (next_letter == 'H') {
433	0	Phonize(TH);
434	0	skip_letter++;
435	0	} else if (!(next_letter == 'C' && Read_After_Next_Letter == 'H')) {
436	0	Phonize('T');
437	0	}
438	0	break;
439	0	}
440		/* F */
441	0	case 'V':
442	0	Phonize('F');
443	0	break;
444		/* W before a vowel, else dropped */
445	0	case 'W':
446	0	if (isvowel(Read_Next_Letter))
447	0	Phonize('W');
448	0	break;
449		/* KS */
450	0	case 'X':
451	0	Phonize('K');
452	0	Phonize('S');
453	0	break;
454		/* Y if followed by a vowel */
455	0	case 'Y':
456	0	if (isvowel(Read_Next_Letter))
457	0	Phonize('Y');
458	0	break;
459		/* S */
460	0	case 'Z':
461	0	Phonize('S');
462	0	break;
463		/* No transformation */
464	0	case 'F':
465	0	case 'J':
466	0	case 'L':
467	0	case 'M':
468	0	case 'N':
469	0	case 'R':
470	0	Phonize(curr_letter);
471	0	break;
472	0	default:
473		/* nothing */
474	0	break;
475	0	} /* END SWITCH */
476
477	0	w_idx += skip_letter;
478	0	} /* END FOR */
479
480	0	End_Phoned_Word();
481	0	} /* END metaphone */
482		/* }}} */