Coverage Report

Created: 2025-07-11 06:24

/src/cpython/Python/hashtable.c
Line
Count
Source (jump to first uncovered line)
1
/* The implementation of the hash table (_Py_hashtable_t) is based on the
2
   cfuhash project:
3
   http://sourceforge.net/projects/libcfu/
4
5
   Copyright of cfuhash:
6
   ----------------------------------
7
   Creation date: 2005-06-24 21:22:40
8
   Authors: Don
9
   Change log:
10
11
   Copyright (c) 2005 Don Owens
12
   All rights reserved.
13
14
   This code is released under the BSD license:
15
16
   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
17
   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
18
   are met:
19
20
     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
21
       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
22
23
     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
24
       copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
25
       disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
26
       with the distribution.
27
28
     * Neither the name of the author nor the names of its
29
       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
30
       from this software without specific prior written permission.
31
32
   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
33
   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
34
   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
35
   FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
36
   COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
37
   INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
38
   (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
39
   SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
40
   HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
41
   STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
42
   ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
43
   OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
44
   ----------------------------------
45
*/
46
47
#include "Python.h"
48
#include "pycore_hashtable.h"     // export _Py_hashtable_new()
49
#include "pycore_pyhash.h"        // _Py_HashPointerRaw()
50
51
1.49k
#define HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE 16
52
53.9k
#define HASHTABLE_HIGH 0.50
53
1.09k
#define HASHTABLE_LOW 0.10
54
1.09k
#define HASHTABLE_REHASH_FACTOR 2.0 / (HASHTABLE_LOW + HASHTABLE_HIGH)
55
56
#define BUCKETS_HEAD(SLIST) \
57
168k
        ((_Py_hashtable_entry_t *)_Py_SLIST_HEAD(&(SLIST)))
58
#define TABLE_HEAD(HT, BUCKET) \
59
3.07M
        ((_Py_hashtable_entry_t *)_Py_SLIST_HEAD(&(HT)->buckets[BUCKET]))
60
#define ENTRY_NEXT(ENTRY) \
61
437k
        ((_Py_hashtable_entry_t *)_Py_SLIST_ITEM_NEXT(ENTRY))
62
63
/* Forward declaration */
64
static int hashtable_rehash(_Py_hashtable_t *ht);
65
66
static void
67
_Py_slist_init(_Py_slist_t *list)
68
0
{
69
0
    list->head = NULL;
70
0
}
71
72
73
static void
74
_Py_slist_prepend(_Py_slist_t *list, _Py_slist_item_t *item)
75
137k
{
76
137k
    item->next = list->head;
77
137k
    list->head = item;
78
137k
}
79
80
81
static void
82
_Py_slist_remove(_Py_slist_t *list, _Py_slist_item_t *previous,
83
                 _Py_slist_item_t *item)
84
0
{
85
0
    if (previous != NULL)
86
0
        previous->next = item->next;
87
0
    else
88
0
        list->head = item->next;
89
0
}
90
91
92
Py_uhash_t
93
_Py_hashtable_hash_ptr(const void *key)
94
133k
{
95
133k
    return (Py_uhash_t)_Py_HashPointerRaw(key);
96
133k
}
97
98
99
int
100
_Py_hashtable_compare_direct(const void *key1, const void *key2)
101
0
{
102
0
    return (key1 == key2);
103
0
}
104
105
106
/* makes sure the real size of the buckets array is a power of 2 */
107
static size_t
108
round_size(size_t s)
109
1.09k
{
110
1.09k
    size_t i;
111
1.09k
    if (s < HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE)
112
0
        return HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE;
113
1.09k
    i = 1;
114
8.76k
    while (i < s)
115
7.66k
        i <<= 1;
116
1.09k
    return i;
117
1.09k
}
118
119
120
size_t
121
_Py_hashtable_size(const _Py_hashtable_t *ht)
122
0
{
123
0
    size_t size = sizeof(_Py_hashtable_t);
124
    /* buckets */
125
0
    size += ht->nbuckets * sizeof(_Py_hashtable_entry_t *);
126
    /* entries */
127
0
    size += ht->nentries * sizeof(_Py_hashtable_entry_t);
128
0
    return size;
129
0
}
130
131
132
size_t
133
_Py_hashtable_len(const _Py_hashtable_t *ht)
134
0
{
135
0
    return ht->nentries;
136
0
}
137
138
139
_Py_hashtable_entry_t *
140
_Py_hashtable_get_entry_generic(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
141
2.87M
{
142
2.87M
    Py_uhash_t key_hash = ht->hash_func(key);
143
2.87M
    size_t index = key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
144
2.87M
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, index);
145
3.15M
    while (1) {
146
3.15M
        if (entry == NULL) {
147
2.62M
            return NULL;
148
2.62M
        }
149
535k
        if (entry->key_hash == key_hash && ht->compare_func(key, entry->key)) {
150
249k
            break;
151
249k
        }
152
286k
        entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
153
286k
    }
154
249k
    return entry;
155
2.87M
}
156
157
158
// Specialized for:
159
// hash_func == _Py_hashtable_hash_ptr
160
// compare_func == _Py_hashtable_compare_direct
161
static _Py_hashtable_entry_t *
162
_Py_hashtable_get_entry_ptr(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
163
97.4k
{
164
97.4k
    Py_uhash_t key_hash = _Py_hashtable_hash_ptr(key);
165
97.4k
    size_t index = key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
166
97.4k
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, index);
167
128k
    while (1) {
168
128k
        if (entry == NULL) {
169
36.3k
            return NULL;
170
36.3k
        }
171
        // Compare directly keys (ignore entry->key_hash)
172
92.1k
        if (entry->key == key) {
173
61.0k
            break;
174
61.0k
        }
175
31.0k
        entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
176
31.0k
    }
177
61.0k
    return entry;
178
97.4k
}
179
180
181
void*
182
_Py_hashtable_steal(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
183
0
{
184
0
    Py_uhash_t key_hash = ht->hash_func(key);
185
0
    size_t index = key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
186
187
0
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, index);
188
0
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *previous = NULL;
189
0
    while (1) {
190
0
        if (entry == NULL) {
191
            // not found
192
0
            return NULL;
193
0
        }
194
0
        if (entry->key_hash == key_hash && ht->compare_func(key, entry->key)) {
195
0
            break;
196
0
        }
197
0
        previous = entry;
198
0
        entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
199
0
    }
200
201
0
    _Py_slist_remove(&ht->buckets[index], (_Py_slist_item_t *)previous,
202
0
                     (_Py_slist_item_t *)entry);
203
0
    ht->nentries--;
204
205
0
    void *value = entry->value;
206
0
    ht->alloc.free(entry);
207
208
0
    if ((float)ht->nentries / (float)ht->nbuckets < HASHTABLE_LOW) {
209
        // Ignore failure: error cannot be reported to the caller
210
0
        hashtable_rehash(ht);
211
0
    }
212
0
    return value;
213
0
}
214
215
216
int
217
_Py_hashtable_set(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key, void *value)
218
52.9k
{
219
52.9k
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry;
220
221
#ifndef NDEBUG
222
    /* Don't write the assertion on a single line because it is interesting
223
       to know the duplicated entry if the assertion failed. The entry can
224
       be read using a debugger. */
225
    entry = ht->get_entry_func(ht, key);
226
    assert(entry == NULL);
227
#endif
228
229
52.9k
    entry = ht->alloc.malloc(sizeof(_Py_hashtable_entry_t));
230
52.9k
    if (entry == NULL) {
231
        /* memory allocation failed */
232
0
        return -1;
233
0
    }
234
235
52.9k
    entry->key_hash = ht->hash_func(key);
236
52.9k
    entry->key = (void *)key;
237
52.9k
    entry->value = value;
238
239
52.9k
    ht->nentries++;
240
52.9k
    if ((float)ht->nentries / (float)ht->nbuckets > HASHTABLE_HIGH) {
241
1.09k
        if (hashtable_rehash(ht) < 0) {
242
0
            ht->nentries--;
243
0
            ht->alloc.free(entry);
244
0
            return -1;
245
0
        }
246
1.09k
    }
247
248
52.9k
    size_t index = entry->key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
249
52.9k
    _Py_slist_prepend(&ht->buckets[index], (_Py_slist_item_t*)entry);
250
52.9k
    return 0;
251
52.9k
}
252
253
254
void*
255
_Py_hashtable_get(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
256
2.86M
{
257
2.86M
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = ht->get_entry_func(ht, key);
258
2.86M
    if (entry != NULL) {
259
249k
        return entry->value;
260
249k
    }
261
2.62M
    else {
262
2.62M
        return NULL;
263
2.62M
    }
264
2.86M
}
265
266
267
int
268
_Py_hashtable_foreach(_Py_hashtable_t *ht,
269
                      _Py_hashtable_foreach_func func,
270
                      void *user_data)
271
0
{
272
0
    for (size_t hv = 0; hv < ht->nbuckets; hv++) {
273
0
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, hv);
274
0
        while (entry != NULL) {
275
0
            int res = func(ht, entry->key, entry->value, user_data);
276
0
            if (res) {
277
0
                return res;
278
0
            }
279
0
            entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
280
0
        }
281
0
    }
282
0
    return 0;
283
0
}
284
285
286
static int
287
hashtable_rehash(_Py_hashtable_t *ht)
288
1.09k
{
289
1.09k
    size_t new_size = round_size((size_t)(ht->nentries * HASHTABLE_REHASH_FACTOR));
290
1.09k
    if (new_size == ht->nbuckets) {
291
0
        return 0;
292
0
    }
293
294
1.09k
    size_t buckets_size = new_size * sizeof(ht->buckets[0]);
295
1.09k
    _Py_slist_t *new_buckets = ht->alloc.malloc(buckets_size);
296
1.09k
    if (new_buckets == NULL) {
297
        /* memory allocation failed */
298
0
        return -1;
299
0
    }
300
1.09k
    memset(new_buckets, 0, buckets_size);
301
302
169k
    for (size_t bucket = 0; bucket < ht->nbuckets; bucket++) {
303
168k
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = BUCKETS_HEAD(ht->buckets[bucket]);
304
252k
        while (entry != NULL) {
305
84.2k
            assert(ht->hash_func(entry->key) == entry->key_hash);
306
84.2k
            _Py_hashtable_entry_t *next = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
307
84.2k
            size_t entry_index = entry->key_hash & (new_size - 1);
308
309
84.2k
            _Py_slist_prepend(&new_buckets[entry_index], (_Py_slist_item_t*)entry);
310
311
84.2k
            entry = next;
312
84.2k
        }
313
168k
    }
314
315
1.09k
    ht->alloc.free(ht->buckets);
316
1.09k
    ht->nbuckets = new_size;
317
1.09k
    ht->buckets = new_buckets;
318
1.09k
    return 0;
319
1.09k
}
320
321
322
_Py_hashtable_t *
323
_Py_hashtable_new_full(_Py_hashtable_hash_func hash_func,
324
                       _Py_hashtable_compare_func compare_func,
325
                       _Py_hashtable_destroy_func key_destroy_func,
326
                       _Py_hashtable_destroy_func value_destroy_func,
327
                       _Py_hashtable_allocator_t *allocator)
328
406
{
329
406
    _Py_hashtable_allocator_t alloc;
330
406
    if (allocator == NULL) {
331
310
        alloc.malloc = PyMem_Malloc;
332
310
        alloc.free = PyMem_Free;
333
310
    }
334
96
    else {
335
96
        alloc = *allocator;
336
96
    }
337
338
406
    _Py_hashtable_t *ht = (_Py_hashtable_t *)alloc.malloc(sizeof(_Py_hashtable_t));
339
406
    if (ht == NULL) {
340
0
        return ht;
341
0
    }
342
343
406
    ht->nbuckets = HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE;
344
406
    ht->nentries = 0;
345
346
406
    size_t buckets_size = ht->nbuckets * sizeof(ht->buckets[0]);
347
406
    ht->buckets = alloc.malloc(buckets_size);
348
406
    if (ht->buckets == NULL) {
349
0
        alloc.free(ht);
350
0
        return NULL;
351
0
    }
352
406
    memset(ht->buckets, 0, buckets_size);
353
354
406
    ht->get_entry_func = _Py_hashtable_get_entry_generic;
355
406
    ht->hash_func = hash_func;
356
406
    ht->compare_func = compare_func;
357
406
    ht->key_destroy_func = key_destroy_func;
358
406
    ht->value_destroy_func = value_destroy_func;
359
406
    ht->alloc = alloc;
360
406
    if (ht->hash_func == _Py_hashtable_hash_ptr
361
406
        && ht->compare_func == _Py_hashtable_compare_direct)
362
324
    {
363
324
        ht->get_entry_func = _Py_hashtable_get_entry_ptr;
364
324
    }
365
406
    return ht;
366
406
}
367
368
369
_Py_hashtable_t *
370
_Py_hashtable_new(_Py_hashtable_hash_func hash_func,
371
                  _Py_hashtable_compare_func compare_func)
372
0
{
373
0
    return _Py_hashtable_new_full(hash_func, compare_func,
374
0
                                  NULL, NULL, NULL);
375
0
}
376
377
378
static void
379
_Py_hashtable_destroy_entry(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry)
380
36.3k
{
381
36.3k
    if (ht->key_destroy_func) {
382
36.3k
        ht->key_destroy_func(entry->key);
383
36.3k
    }
384
36.3k
    if (ht->value_destroy_func) {
385
0
        ht->value_destroy_func(entry->value);
386
0
    }
387
36.3k
    ht->alloc.free(entry);
388
36.3k
}
389
390
391
void
392
_Py_hashtable_clear(_Py_hashtable_t *ht)
393
0
{
394
0
    for (size_t i=0; i < ht->nbuckets; i++) {
395
0
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, i);
396
0
        while (entry != NULL) {
397
0
            _Py_hashtable_entry_t *next = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
398
0
            _Py_hashtable_destroy_entry(ht, entry);
399
0
            entry = next;
400
0
        }
401
0
        _Py_slist_init(&ht->buckets[i]);
402
0
    }
403
0
    ht->nentries = 0;
404
    // Ignore failure: clear function is not expected to fail
405
    // because of a memory allocation failure.
406
0
    (void)hashtable_rehash(ht);
407
0
}
408
409
410
void
411
_Py_hashtable_destroy(_Py_hashtable_t *ht)
412
308
{
413
108k
    for (size_t i = 0; i < ht->nbuckets; i++) {
414
108k
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, i);
415
144k
        while (entry) {
416
36.3k
            _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry_next = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
417
36.3k
            _Py_hashtable_destroy_entry(ht, entry);
418
36.3k
            entry = entry_next;
419
36.3k
        }
420
108k
    }
421
422
308
    ht->alloc.free(ht->buckets);
423
308
    ht->alloc.free(ht);
424
308
}