Coverage Report

Created: 2025-07-18 06:09

/src/cpython/Python/hashtable.c
Line
Count
Source (jump to first uncovered line)
1
/* The implementation of the hash table (_Py_hashtable_t) is based on the
2
   cfuhash project:
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   http://sourceforge.net/projects/libcfu/
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   Copyright of cfuhash:
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   ----------------------------------
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   Creation date: 2005-06-24 21:22:40
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   Authors: Don
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   Change log:
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11
   Copyright (c) 2005 Don Owens
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   All rights reserved.
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   This code is released under the BSD license:
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   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
17
   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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   are met:
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     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
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       copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
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       disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
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       with the distribution.
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     * Neither the name of the author nor the names of its
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       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
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       from this software without specific prior written permission.
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   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
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   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
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   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
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   FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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   COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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   INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
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   (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
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   SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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   HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
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   STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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   ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
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   OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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   ----------------------------------
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*/
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#include "Python.h"
48
#include "pycore_hashtable.h"     // export _Py_hashtable_new()
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#include "pycore_pyhash.h"        // _Py_HashPointerRaw()
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51
1.45k
#define HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE 16
52
53.1k
#define HASHTABLE_HIGH 0.50
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1.05k
#define HASHTABLE_LOW 0.10
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1.05k
#define HASHTABLE_REHASH_FACTOR 2.0 / (HASHTABLE_LOW + HASHTABLE_HIGH)
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56
#define BUCKETS_HEAD(SLIST) \
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134k
        ((_Py_hashtable_entry_t *)_Py_SLIST_HEAD(&(SLIST)))
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#define TABLE_HEAD(HT, BUCKET) \
59
3.48M
        ((_Py_hashtable_entry_t *)_Py_SLIST_HEAD(&(HT)->buckets[BUCKET]))
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#define ENTRY_NEXT(ENTRY) \
61
3.21M
        ((_Py_hashtable_entry_t *)_Py_SLIST_ITEM_NEXT(ENTRY))
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63
/* Forward declaration */
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static int hashtable_rehash(_Py_hashtable_t *ht);
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static void
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_Py_slist_init(_Py_slist_t *list)
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0
{
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0
    list->head = NULL;
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0
}
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73
static void
74
_Py_slist_prepend(_Py_slist_t *list, _Py_slist_item_t *item)
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119k
{
76
119k
    item->next = list->head;
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119k
    list->head = item;
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119k
}
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80
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static void
82
_Py_slist_remove(_Py_slist_t *list, _Py_slist_item_t *previous,
83
                 _Py_slist_item_t *item)
84
0
{
85
0
    if (previous != NULL)
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0
        previous->next = item->next;
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0
    else
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0
        list->head = item->next;
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0
}
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91
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Py_uhash_t
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_Py_hashtable_hash_ptr(const void *key)
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132k
{
95
132k
    return (Py_uhash_t)_Py_HashPointerRaw(key);
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132k
}
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98
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int
100
_Py_hashtable_compare_direct(const void *key1, const void *key2)
101
0
{
102
0
    return (key1 == key2);
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0
}
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105
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/* makes sure the real size of the buckets array is a power of 2 */
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static size_t
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round_size(size_t s)
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1.05k
{
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1.05k
    size_t i;
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1.05k
    if (s < HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE)
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0
        return HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE;
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1.05k
    i = 1;
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8.37k
    while (i < s)
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7.32k
        i <<= 1;
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1.05k
    return i;
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1.05k
}
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119
120
size_t
121
_Py_hashtable_size(const _Py_hashtable_t *ht)
122
0
{
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0
    size_t size = sizeof(_Py_hashtable_t);
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    /* buckets */
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0
    size += ht->nbuckets * sizeof(_Py_hashtable_entry_t *);
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    /* entries */
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0
    size += ht->nentries * sizeof(_Py_hashtable_entry_t);
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0
    return size;
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0
}
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131
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size_t
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_Py_hashtable_len(const _Py_hashtable_t *ht)
134
0
{
135
0
    return ht->nentries;
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0
}
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138
139
_Py_hashtable_entry_t *
140
_Py_hashtable_get_entry_generic(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
141
3.27M
{
142
3.27M
    Py_uhash_t key_hash = ht->hash_func(key);
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3.27M
    size_t index = key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
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3.27M
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, index);
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6.35M
    while (1) {
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6.35M
        if (entry == NULL) {
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3.03M
            return NULL;
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3.03M
        }
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3.31M
        if (entry->key_hash == key_hash && ht->compare_func(key, entry->key)) {
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241k
            break;
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241k
        }
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3.07M
        entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
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3.07M
    }
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241k
    return entry;
155
3.27M
}
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157
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// Specialized for:
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// hash_func == _Py_hashtable_hash_ptr
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// compare_func == _Py_hashtable_compare_direct
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static _Py_hashtable_entry_t *
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_Py_hashtable_get_entry_ptr(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
163
97.2k
{
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97.2k
    Py_uhash_t key_hash = _Py_hashtable_hash_ptr(key);
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97.2k
    size_t index = key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
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97.2k
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, index);
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127k
    while (1) {
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127k
        if (entry == NULL) {
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35.6k
            return NULL;
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35.6k
        }
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        // Compare directly keys (ignore entry->key_hash)
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92.1k
        if (entry->key == key) {
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61.5k
            break;
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61.5k
        }
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30.6k
        entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
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30.6k
    }
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61.5k
    return entry;
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97.2k
}
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180
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void*
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_Py_hashtable_steal(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
183
0
{
184
0
    Py_uhash_t key_hash = ht->hash_func(key);
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0
    size_t index = key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
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187
0
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, index);
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0
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *previous = NULL;
189
0
    while (1) {
190
0
        if (entry == NULL) {
191
            // not found
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0
            return NULL;
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0
        }
194
0
        if (entry->key_hash == key_hash && ht->compare_func(key, entry->key)) {
195
0
            break;
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0
        }
197
0
        previous = entry;
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0
        entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
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0
    }
200
201
0
    _Py_slist_remove(&ht->buckets[index], (_Py_slist_item_t *)previous,
202
0
                     (_Py_slist_item_t *)entry);
203
0
    ht->nentries--;
204
205
0
    void *value = entry->value;
206
0
    ht->alloc.free(entry);
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208
0
    if ((float)ht->nentries / (float)ht->nbuckets < HASHTABLE_LOW) {
209
        // Ignore failure: error cannot be reported to the caller
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0
        hashtable_rehash(ht);
211
0
    }
212
0
    return value;
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0
}
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215
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int
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_Py_hashtable_set(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key, void *value)
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52.1k
{
219
52.1k
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry;
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221
#ifndef NDEBUG
222
    /* Don't write the assertion on a single line because it is interesting
223
       to know the duplicated entry if the assertion failed. The entry can
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       be read using a debugger. */
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    entry = ht->get_entry_func(ht, key);
226
    assert(entry == NULL);
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#endif
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52.1k
    entry = ht->alloc.malloc(sizeof(_Py_hashtable_entry_t));
230
52.1k
    if (entry == NULL) {
231
        /* memory allocation failed */
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0
        return -1;
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0
    }
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235
52.1k
    entry->key_hash = ht->hash_func(key);
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52.1k
    entry->key = (void *)key;
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52.1k
    entry->value = value;
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239
52.1k
    ht->nentries++;
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52.1k
    if ((float)ht->nentries / (float)ht->nbuckets > HASHTABLE_HIGH) {
241
1.05k
        if (hashtable_rehash(ht) < 0) {
242
0
            ht->nentries--;
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0
            ht->alloc.free(entry);
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0
            return -1;
245
0
        }
246
1.05k
    }
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248
52.1k
    size_t index = entry->key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
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52.1k
    _Py_slist_prepend(&ht->buckets[index], (_Py_slist_item_t*)entry);
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52.1k
    return 0;
251
52.1k
}
252
253
254
void*
255
_Py_hashtable_get(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
256
3.27M
{
257
3.27M
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = ht->get_entry_func(ht, key);
258
3.27M
    if (entry != NULL) {
259
241k
        return entry->value;
260
241k
    }
261
3.03M
    else {
262
3.03M
        return NULL;
263
3.03M
    }
264
3.27M
}
265
266
267
int
268
_Py_hashtable_foreach(_Py_hashtable_t *ht,
269
                      _Py_hashtable_foreach_func func,
270
                      void *user_data)
271
0
{
272
0
    for (size_t hv = 0; hv < ht->nbuckets; hv++) {
273
0
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, hv);
274
0
        while (entry != NULL) {
275
0
            int res = func(ht, entry->key, entry->value, user_data);
276
0
            if (res) {
277
0
                return res;
278
0
            }
279
0
            entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
280
0
        }
281
0
    }
282
0
    return 0;
283
0
}
284
285
286
static int
287
hashtable_rehash(_Py_hashtable_t *ht)
288
1.05k
{
289
1.05k
    size_t new_size = round_size((size_t)(ht->nentries * HASHTABLE_REHASH_FACTOR));
290
1.05k
    if (new_size == ht->nbuckets) {
291
0
        return 0;
292
0
    }
293
294
1.05k
    size_t buckets_size = new_size * sizeof(ht->buckets[0]);
295
1.05k
    _Py_slist_t *new_buckets = ht->alloc.malloc(buckets_size);
296
1.05k
    if (new_buckets == NULL) {
297
        /* memory allocation failed */
298
0
        return -1;
299
0
    }
300
1.05k
    memset(new_buckets, 0, buckets_size);
301
302
135k
    for (size_t bucket = 0; bucket < ht->nbuckets; bucket++) {
303
134k
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = BUCKETS_HEAD(ht->buckets[bucket]);
304
201k
        while (entry != NULL) {
305
67.1k
            assert(ht->hash_func(entry->key) == entry->key_hash);
306
67.1k
            _Py_hashtable_entry_t *next = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
307
67.1k
            size_t entry_index = entry->key_hash & (new_size - 1);
308
309
67.1k
            _Py_slist_prepend(&new_buckets[entry_index], (_Py_slist_item_t*)entry);
310
311
67.1k
            entry = next;
312
67.1k
        }
313
134k
    }
314
315
1.05k
    ht->alloc.free(ht->buckets);
316
1.05k
    ht->nbuckets = new_size;
317
1.05k
    ht->buckets = new_buckets;
318
1.05k
    return 0;
319
1.05k
}
320
321
322
_Py_hashtable_t *
323
_Py_hashtable_new_full(_Py_hashtable_hash_func hash_func,
324
                       _Py_hashtable_compare_func compare_func,
325
                       _Py_hashtable_destroy_func key_destroy_func,
326
                       _Py_hashtable_destroy_func value_destroy_func,
327
                       _Py_hashtable_allocator_t *allocator)
328
401
{
329
401
    _Py_hashtable_allocator_t alloc;
330
401
    if (allocator == NULL) {
331
305
        alloc.malloc = PyMem_Malloc;
332
305
        alloc.free = PyMem_Free;
333
305
    }
334
96
    else {
335
96
        alloc = *allocator;
336
96
    }
337
338
401
    _Py_hashtable_t *ht = (_Py_hashtable_t *)alloc.malloc(sizeof(_Py_hashtable_t));
339
401
    if (ht == NULL) {
340
0
        return ht;
341
0
    }
342
343
401
    ht->nbuckets = HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE;
344
401
    ht->nentries = 0;
345
346
401
    size_t buckets_size = ht->nbuckets * sizeof(ht->buckets[0]);
347
401
    ht->buckets = alloc.malloc(buckets_size);
348
401
    if (ht->buckets == NULL) {
349
0
        alloc.free(ht);
350
0
        return NULL;
351
0
    }
352
401
    memset(ht->buckets, 0, buckets_size);
353
354
401
    ht->get_entry_func = _Py_hashtable_get_entry_generic;
355
401
    ht->hash_func = hash_func;
356
401
    ht->compare_func = compare_func;
357
401
    ht->key_destroy_func = key_destroy_func;
358
401
    ht->value_destroy_func = value_destroy_func;
359
401
    ht->alloc = alloc;
360
401
    if (ht->hash_func == _Py_hashtable_hash_ptr
361
401
        && ht->compare_func == _Py_hashtable_compare_direct)
362
319
    {
363
319
        ht->get_entry_func = _Py_hashtable_get_entry_ptr;
364
319
    }
365
401
    return ht;
366
401
}
367
368
369
_Py_hashtable_t *
370
_Py_hashtable_new(_Py_hashtable_hash_func hash_func,
371
                  _Py_hashtable_compare_func compare_func)
372
0
{
373
0
    return _Py_hashtable_new_full(hash_func, compare_func,
374
0
                                  NULL, NULL, NULL);
375
0
}
376
377
378
static void
379
_Py_hashtable_destroy_entry(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry)
380
35.6k
{
381
35.6k
    if (ht->key_destroy_func) {
382
35.6k
        ht->key_destroy_func(entry->key);
383
35.6k
    }
384
35.6k
    if (ht->value_destroy_func) {
385
0
        ht->value_destroy_func(entry->value);
386
0
    }
387
35.6k
    ht->alloc.free(entry);
388
35.6k
}
389
390
391
void
392
_Py_hashtable_clear(_Py_hashtable_t *ht)
393
0
{
394
0
    for (size_t i=0; i < ht->nbuckets; i++) {
395
0
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, i);
396
0
        while (entry != NULL) {
397
0
            _Py_hashtable_entry_t *next = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
398
0
            _Py_hashtable_destroy_entry(ht, entry);
399
0
            entry = next;
400
0
        }
401
0
        _Py_slist_init(&ht->buckets[i]);
402
0
    }
403
0
    ht->nentries = 0;
404
    // Ignore failure: clear function is not expected to fail
405
    // because of a memory allocation failure.
406
0
    (void)hashtable_rehash(ht);
407
0
}
408
409
410
void
411
_Py_hashtable_destroy(_Py_hashtable_t *ht)
412
303
{
413
106k
    for (size_t i = 0; i < ht->nbuckets; i++) {
414
106k
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, i);
415
142k
        while (entry) {
416
35.6k
            _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry_next = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
417
35.6k
            _Py_hashtable_destroy_entry(ht, entry);
418
35.6k
            entry = entry_next;
419
35.6k
        }
420
106k
    }
421
422
303
    ht->alloc.free(ht->buckets);
423
303
    ht->alloc.free(ht);
424
303
}