Coverage Report

Created: 2026-03-08 06:40

next uncovered line (L), next uncovered region (R), next uncovered branch (B)
/src/cpython/Python/hashtable.c
Line
Count
Source
1
/* The implementation of the hash table (_Py_hashtable_t) is based on the
2
   cfuhash project:
3
   http://sourceforge.net/projects/libcfu/
4
5
   Copyright of cfuhash:
6
   ----------------------------------
7
   Creation date: 2005-06-24 21:22:40
8
   Authors: Don
9
   Change log:
10
11
   Copyright (c) 2005 Don Owens
12
   All rights reserved.
13
14
   This code is released under the BSD license:
15
16
   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
17
   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
18
   are met:
19
20
     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
21
       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
22
23
     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
24
       copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
25
       disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
26
       with the distribution.
27
28
     * Neither the name of the author nor the names of its
29
       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
30
       from this software without specific prior written permission.
31
32
   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
33
   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
34
   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
35
   FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
36
   COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
37
   INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
38
   (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
39
   SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
40
   HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
41
   STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
42
   ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
43
   OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
44
   ----------------------------------
45
*/
46
47
#include "Python.h"
48
#include "pycore_hashtable.h"     // export _Py_hashtable_new()
49
#include "pycore_pyhash.h"        // _Py_HashPointerRaw()
50
51
1.37k
#define HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE 16
52
59.3k
#define HASHTABLE_HIGH 0.50
53
940
#define HASHTABLE_LOW 0.10
54
940
#define HASHTABLE_REHASH_FACTOR 2.0 / (HASHTABLE_LOW + HASHTABLE_HIGH)
55
56
#define BUCKETS_HEAD(SLIST) \
57
198k
        ((_Py_hashtable_entry_t *)_Py_SLIST_HEAD(&(SLIST)))
58
#define TABLE_HEAD(HT, BUCKET) \
59
5.56M
        ((_Py_hashtable_entry_t *)_Py_SLIST_HEAD(&(HT)->buckets[BUCKET]))
60
#define ENTRY_NEXT(ENTRY) \
61
909k
        ((_Py_hashtable_entry_t *)_Py_SLIST_ITEM_NEXT(ENTRY))
62
63
/* Forward declaration */
64
static int hashtable_rehash(_Py_hashtable_t *ht);
65
66
static void
67
_Py_slist_init(_Py_slist_t *list)
68
0
{
69
0
    list->head = NULL;
70
0
}
71
72
73
static void
74
_Py_slist_prepend(_Py_slist_t *list, _Py_slist_item_t *item)
75
157k
{
76
157k
    item->next = list->head;
77
157k
    list->head = item;
78
157k
}
79
80
81
static void
82
_Py_slist_remove(_Py_slist_t *list, _Py_slist_item_t *previous,
83
                 _Py_slist_item_t *item)
84
0
{
85
0
    if (previous != NULL)
86
0
        previous->next = item->next;
87
0
    else
88
0
        list->head = item->next;
89
0
}
90
91
92
Py_uhash_t
93
_Py_hashtable_hash_ptr(const void *key)
94
76.5k
{
95
76.5k
    return (Py_uhash_t)_Py_HashPointerRaw(key);
96
76.5k
}
97
98
99
int
100
_Py_hashtable_compare_direct(const void *key1, const void *key2)
101
0
{
102
0
    return (key1 == key2);
103
0
}
104
105
106
/* makes sure the real size of the buckets array is a power of 2 */
107
static size_t
108
round_size(size_t s)
109
940
{
110
940
    size_t i;
111
940
    if (s < HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE)
112
0
        return HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE;
113
940
    i = 1;
114
7.69k
    while (i < s)
115
6.75k
        i <<= 1;
116
940
    return i;
117
940
}
118
119
120
size_t
121
_Py_hashtable_size(const _Py_hashtable_t *ht)
122
0
{
123
0
    size_t size = sizeof(_Py_hashtable_t);
124
    /* buckets */
125
0
    size += ht->nbuckets * sizeof(_Py_hashtable_entry_t *);
126
    /* entries */
127
0
    size += ht->nentries * sizeof(_Py_hashtable_entry_t);
128
0
    return size;
129
0
}
130
131
132
size_t
133
_Py_hashtable_len(const _Py_hashtable_t *ht)
134
0
{
135
0
    return ht->nentries;
136
0
}
137
138
139
_Py_hashtable_entry_t *
140
_Py_hashtable_get_entry_generic(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
141
5.44M
{
142
5.44M
    Py_uhash_t key_hash = ht->hash_func(key);
143
5.44M
    size_t index = key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
144
5.44M
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, index);
145
6.21M
    while (1) {
146
6.21M
        if (entry == NULL) {
147
4.84M
            return NULL;
148
4.84M
        }
149
1.37M
        if (entry->key_hash == key_hash && ht->compare_func(key, entry->key)) {
150
596k
            break;
151
596k
        }
152
773k
        entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
153
773k
    }
154
596k
    return entry;
155
5.44M
}
156
157
158
// Specialized for:
159
// hash_func == _Py_hashtable_hash_ptr
160
// compare_func == _Py_hashtable_compare_direct
161
static _Py_hashtable_entry_t *
162
_Py_hashtable_get_entry_ptr(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
163
56.1k
{
164
56.1k
    Py_uhash_t key_hash = _Py_hashtable_hash_ptr(key);
165
56.1k
    size_t index = key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
166
56.1k
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, index);
167
72.3k
    while (1) {
168
72.3k
        if (entry == NULL) {
169
20.3k
            return NULL;
170
20.3k
        }
171
        // Compare directly keys (ignore entry->key_hash)
172
51.9k
        if (entry->key == key) {
173
35.8k
            break;
174
35.8k
        }
175
16.1k
        entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
176
16.1k
    }
177
35.8k
    return entry;
178
56.1k
}
179
180
181
void*
182
_Py_hashtable_steal(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
183
0
{
184
0
    Py_uhash_t key_hash = ht->hash_func(key);
185
0
    size_t index = key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
186
187
0
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, index);
188
0
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *previous = NULL;
189
0
    while (1) {
190
0
        if (entry == NULL) {
191
            // not found
192
0
            return NULL;
193
0
        }
194
0
        if (entry->key_hash == key_hash && ht->compare_func(key, entry->key)) {
195
0
            break;
196
0
        }
197
0
        previous = entry;
198
0
        entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
199
0
    }
200
201
0
    _Py_slist_remove(&ht->buckets[index], (_Py_slist_item_t *)previous,
202
0
                     (_Py_slist_item_t *)entry);
203
0
    ht->nentries--;
204
205
0
    void *value = entry->value;
206
0
    ht->alloc.free(entry);
207
208
0
    if ((float)ht->nentries / (float)ht->nbuckets < HASHTABLE_LOW) {
209
        // Ignore failure: error cannot be reported to the caller
210
0
        hashtable_rehash(ht);
211
0
    }
212
0
    return value;
213
0
}
214
215
216
int
217
_Py_hashtable_set(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key, void *value)
218
58.4k
{
219
58.4k
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry;
220
221
#ifndef NDEBUG
222
    /* Don't write the assertion on a single line because it is interesting
223
       to know the duplicated entry if the assertion failed. The entry can
224
       be read using a debugger. */
225
    entry = ht->get_entry_func(ht, key);
226
    assert(entry == NULL);
227
#endif
228
229
58.4k
    entry = ht->alloc.malloc(sizeof(_Py_hashtable_entry_t));
230
58.4k
    if (entry == NULL) {
231
        /* memory allocation failed */
232
0
        return -1;
233
0
    }
234
235
58.4k
    entry->key_hash = ht->hash_func(key);
236
58.4k
    entry->key = (void *)key;
237
58.4k
    entry->value = value;
238
239
58.4k
    ht->nentries++;
240
58.4k
    if ((float)ht->nentries / (float)ht->nbuckets > HASHTABLE_HIGH) {
241
940
        if (hashtable_rehash(ht) < 0) {
242
0
            ht->nentries--;
243
0
            ht->alloc.free(entry);
244
0
            return -1;
245
0
        }
246
940
    }
247
248
58.4k
    size_t index = entry->key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
249
58.4k
    _Py_slist_prepend(&ht->buckets[index], (_Py_slist_item_t*)entry);
250
58.4k
    return 0;
251
58.4k
}
252
253
254
void*
255
_Py_hashtable_get(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
256
5.44M
{
257
5.44M
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = ht->get_entry_func(ht, key);
258
5.44M
    if (entry != NULL) {
259
596k
        return entry->value;
260
596k
    }
261
4.84M
    else {
262
4.84M
        return NULL;
263
4.84M
    }
264
5.44M
}
265
266
267
int
268
_Py_hashtable_foreach(_Py_hashtable_t *ht,
269
                      _Py_hashtable_foreach_func func,
270
                      void *user_data)
271
0
{
272
0
    for (size_t hv = 0; hv < ht->nbuckets; hv++) {
273
0
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, hv);
274
0
        while (entry != NULL) {
275
0
            int res = func(ht, entry->key, entry->value, user_data);
276
0
            if (res) {
277
0
                return res;
278
0
            }
279
0
            entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
280
0
        }
281
0
    }
282
0
    return 0;
283
0
}
284
285
286
static int
287
hashtable_rehash(_Py_hashtable_t *ht)
288
940
{
289
940
    size_t new_size = round_size((size_t)(ht->nentries * HASHTABLE_REHASH_FACTOR));
290
940
    if (new_size == ht->nbuckets) {
291
0
        return 0;
292
0
    }
293
294
940
    size_t buckets_size = new_size * sizeof(ht->buckets[0]);
295
940
    _Py_slist_t *new_buckets = ht->alloc.malloc(buckets_size);
296
940
    if (new_buckets == NULL) {
297
        /* memory allocation failed */
298
0
        return -1;
299
0
    }
300
940
    memset(new_buckets, 0, buckets_size);
301
302
199k
    for (size_t bucket = 0; bucket < ht->nbuckets; bucket++) {
303
198k
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = BUCKETS_HEAD(ht->buckets[bucket]);
304
297k
        while (entry != NULL) {
305
99.3k
            assert(ht->hash_func(entry->key) == entry->key_hash);
306
99.3k
            _Py_hashtable_entry_t *next = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
307
99.3k
            size_t entry_index = entry->key_hash & (new_size - 1);
308
309
99.3k
            _Py_slist_prepend(&new_buckets[entry_index], (_Py_slist_item_t*)entry);
310
311
99.3k
            entry = next;
312
99.3k
        }
313
198k
    }
314
315
940
    ht->alloc.free(ht->buckets);
316
940
    ht->nbuckets = new_size;
317
940
    ht->buckets = new_buckets;
318
940
    return 0;
319
940
}
320
321
322
_Py_hashtable_t *
323
_Py_hashtable_new_full(_Py_hashtable_hash_func hash_func,
324
                       _Py_hashtable_compare_func compare_func,
325
                       _Py_hashtable_destroy_func key_destroy_func,
326
                       _Py_hashtable_destroy_func value_destroy_func,
327
                       _Py_hashtable_allocator_t *allocator)
328
439
{
329
439
    _Py_hashtable_allocator_t alloc;
330
439
    if (allocator == NULL) {
331
235
        alloc.malloc = PyMem_Malloc;
332
235
        alloc.free = PyMem_Free;
333
235
    }
334
204
    else {
335
204
        alloc = *allocator;
336
204
    }
337
338
439
    _Py_hashtable_t *ht = (_Py_hashtable_t *)alloc.malloc(sizeof(_Py_hashtable_t));
339
439
    if (ht == NULL) {
340
0
        return ht;
341
0
    }
342
343
439
    ht->nbuckets = HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE;
344
439
    ht->nentries = 0;
345
346
439
    size_t buckets_size = ht->nbuckets * sizeof(ht->buckets[0]);
347
439
    ht->buckets = alloc.malloc(buckets_size);
348
439
    if (ht->buckets == NULL) {
349
0
        alloc.free(ht);
350
0
        return NULL;
351
0
    }
352
439
    memset(ht->buckets, 0, buckets_size);
353
354
439
    ht->get_entry_func = _Py_hashtable_get_entry_generic;
355
439
    ht->hash_func = hash_func;
356
439
    ht->compare_func = compare_func;
357
439
    ht->key_destroy_func = key_destroy_func;
358
439
    ht->value_destroy_func = value_destroy_func;
359
439
    ht->alloc = alloc;
360
439
    if (ht->hash_func == _Py_hashtable_hash_ptr
361
263
        && ht->compare_func == _Py_hashtable_compare_direct)
362
263
    {
363
263
        ht->get_entry_func = _Py_hashtable_get_entry_ptr;
364
263
    }
365
439
    return ht;
366
439
}
367
368
369
_Py_hashtable_t *
370
_Py_hashtable_new(_Py_hashtable_hash_func hash_func,
371
                  _Py_hashtable_compare_func compare_func)
372
0
{
373
0
    return _Py_hashtable_new_full(hash_func, compare_func,
374
0
                                  NULL, NULL, NULL);
375
0
}
376
377
378
static void
379
_Py_hashtable_destroy_entry(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry)
380
20.3k
{
381
20.3k
    if (ht->key_destroy_func) {
382
20.3k
        ht->key_destroy_func(entry->key);
383
20.3k
    }
384
20.3k
    if (ht->value_destroy_func) {
385
0
        ht->value_destroy_func(entry->value);
386
0
    }
387
20.3k
    ht->alloc.free(entry);
388
20.3k
}
389
390
391
void
392
_Py_hashtable_clear(_Py_hashtable_t *ht)
393
0
{
394
0
    for (size_t i=0; i < ht->nbuckets; i++) {
395
0
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, i);
396
0
        while (entry != NULL) {
397
0
            _Py_hashtable_entry_t *next = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
398
0
            _Py_hashtable_destroy_entry(ht, entry);
399
0
            entry = next;
400
0
        }
401
0
        _Py_slist_init(&ht->buckets[i]);
402
0
    }
403
0
    ht->nentries = 0;
404
    // Ignore failure: clear function is not expected to fail
405
    // because of a memory allocation failure.
406
0
    (void)hashtable_rehash(ht);
407
0
}
408
409
410
void
411
_Py_hashtable_destroy(_Py_hashtable_t *ht)
412
229
{
413
63.5k
    for (size_t i = 0; i < ht->nbuckets; i++) {
414
63.3k
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, i);
415
83.6k
        while (entry) {
416
20.3k
            _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry_next = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
417
20.3k
            _Py_hashtable_destroy_entry(ht, entry);
418
20.3k
            entry = entry_next;
419
20.3k
        }
420
63.3k
    }
421
422
229
    ht->alloc.free(ht->buckets);
423
229
    ht->alloc.free(ht);
424
229
}