Coverage Report

Created: 2026-04-20 06:11

next uncovered line (L), next uncovered region (R), next uncovered branch (B)
/src/cpython/Python/hashtable.c
Line
Count
Source
1
/* The implementation of the hash table (_Py_hashtable_t) is based on the
2
   cfuhash project:
3
   http://sourceforge.net/projects/libcfu/
4
5
   Copyright of cfuhash:
6
   ----------------------------------
7
   Creation date: 2005-06-24 21:22:40
8
   Authors: Don
9
   Change log:
10
11
   Copyright (c) 2005 Don Owens
12
   All rights reserved.
13
14
   This code is released under the BSD license:
15
16
   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
17
   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
18
   are met:
19
20
     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
21
       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
22
23
     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
24
       copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
25
       disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
26
       with the distribution.
27
28
     * Neither the name of the author nor the names of its
29
       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
30
       from this software without specific prior written permission.
31
32
   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
33
   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
34
   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
35
   FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
36
   COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
37
   INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
38
   (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
39
   SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
40
   HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
41
   STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
42
   ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
43
   OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
44
   ----------------------------------
45
*/
46
47
#include "Python.h"
48
#include "pycore_hashtable.h"     // export _Py_hashtable_new()
49
#include "pycore_pyhash.h"        // _Py_HashPointerRaw()
50
51
1.41k
#define HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE 16
52
61.8k
#define HASHTABLE_HIGH 0.50
53
963
#define HASHTABLE_LOW 0.10
54
963
#define HASHTABLE_REHASH_FACTOR 2.0 / (HASHTABLE_LOW + HASHTABLE_HIGH)
55
56
#define BUCKETS_HEAD(SLIST) \
57
207k
        ((_Py_hashtable_entry_t *)_Py_SLIST_HEAD(&(SLIST)))
58
#define TABLE_HEAD(HT, BUCKET) \
59
6.51M
        ((_Py_hashtable_entry_t *)_Py_SLIST_HEAD(&(HT)->buckets[BUCKET]))
60
#define ENTRY_NEXT(ENTRY) \
61
2.10M
        ((_Py_hashtable_entry_t *)_Py_SLIST_ITEM_NEXT(ENTRY))
62
63
/* Forward declaration */
64
static int hashtable_rehash(_Py_hashtable_t *ht);
65
66
static void
67
_Py_slist_init(_Py_slist_t *list)
68
0
{
69
0
    list->head = NULL;
70
0
}
71
72
73
static void
74
_Py_slist_prepend(_Py_slist_t *list, _Py_slist_item_t *item)
75
164k
{
76
164k
    item->next = list->head;
77
164k
    list->head = item;
78
164k
}
79
80
81
static void
82
_Py_slist_remove(_Py_slist_t *list, _Py_slist_item_t *previous,
83
                 _Py_slist_item_t *item)
84
0
{
85
0
    if (previous != NULL)
86
0
        previous->next = item->next;
87
0
    else
88
0
        list->head = item->next;
89
0
}
90
91
92
Py_uhash_t
93
_Py_hashtable_hash_ptr(const void *key)
94
77.7k
{
95
77.7k
    return (Py_uhash_t)_Py_HashPointerRaw(key);
96
77.7k
}
97
98
99
int
100
_Py_hashtable_compare_direct(const void *key1, const void *key2)
101
0
{
102
0
    return (key1 == key2);
103
0
}
104
105
106
/* makes sure the real size of the buckets array is a power of 2 */
107
static size_t
108
round_size(size_t s)
109
963
{
110
963
    size_t i;
111
963
    if (s < HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE)
112
0
        return HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE;
113
963
    i = 1;
114
7.90k
    while (i < s)
115
6.93k
        i <<= 1;
116
963
    return i;
117
963
}
118
119
120
size_t
121
_Py_hashtable_size(const _Py_hashtable_t *ht)
122
0
{
123
0
    size_t size = sizeof(_Py_hashtable_t);
124
    /* buckets */
125
0
    size += ht->nbuckets * sizeof(_Py_hashtable_entry_t *);
126
    /* entries */
127
0
    size += ht->nentries * sizeof(_Py_hashtable_entry_t);
128
0
    return size;
129
0
}
130
131
132
size_t
133
_Py_hashtable_len(const _Py_hashtable_t *ht)
134
0
{
135
0
    return ht->nentries;
136
0
}
137
138
139
_Py_hashtable_entry_t *
140
_Py_hashtable_get_entry_generic(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
141
6.38M
{
142
6.38M
    Py_uhash_t key_hash = ht->hash_func(key);
143
6.38M
    size_t index = key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
144
6.38M
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, index);
145
8.35M
    while (1) {
146
8.35M
        if (entry == NULL) {
147
5.82M
            return NULL;
148
5.82M
        }
149
2.52M
        if (entry->key_hash == key_hash && ht->compare_func(key, entry->key)) {
150
563k
            break;
151
563k
        }
152
1.96M
        entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
153
1.96M
    }
154
563k
    return entry;
155
6.38M
}
156
157
158
// Specialized for:
159
// hash_func == _Py_hashtable_hash_ptr
160
// compare_func == _Py_hashtable_compare_direct
161
static _Py_hashtable_entry_t *
162
_Py_hashtable_get_entry_ptr(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
163
57.1k
{
164
57.1k
    Py_uhash_t key_hash = _Py_hashtable_hash_ptr(key);
165
57.1k
    size_t index = key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
166
57.1k
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, index);
167
74.3k
    while (1) {
168
74.3k
        if (entry == NULL) {
169
20.5k
            return NULL;
170
20.5k
        }
171
        // Compare directly keys (ignore entry->key_hash)
172
53.7k
        if (entry->key == key) {
173
36.5k
            break;
174
36.5k
        }
175
17.2k
        entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
176
17.2k
    }
177
36.5k
    return entry;
178
57.1k
}
179
180
181
void*
182
_Py_hashtable_steal(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
183
0
{
184
0
    Py_uhash_t key_hash = ht->hash_func(key);
185
0
    size_t index = key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
186
187
0
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, index);
188
0
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *previous = NULL;
189
0
    while (1) {
190
0
        if (entry == NULL) {
191
            // not found
192
0
            return NULL;
193
0
        }
194
0
        if (entry->key_hash == key_hash && ht->compare_func(key, entry->key)) {
195
0
            break;
196
0
        }
197
0
        previous = entry;
198
0
        entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
199
0
    }
200
201
0
    _Py_slist_remove(&ht->buckets[index], (_Py_slist_item_t *)previous,
202
0
                     (_Py_slist_item_t *)entry);
203
0
    ht->nentries--;
204
205
0
    void *value = entry->value;
206
0
    ht->alloc.free(entry);
207
208
0
    if ((float)ht->nentries / (float)ht->nbuckets < HASHTABLE_LOW) {
209
        // Ignore failure: error cannot be reported to the caller
210
0
        hashtable_rehash(ht);
211
0
    }
212
0
    return value;
213
0
}
214
215
216
int
217
_Py_hashtable_set(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key, void *value)
218
60.8k
{
219
60.8k
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry;
220
221
#ifndef NDEBUG
222
    /* Don't write the assertion on a single line because it is interesting
223
       to know the duplicated entry if the assertion failed. The entry can
224
       be read using a debugger. */
225
    entry = ht->get_entry_func(ht, key);
226
    assert(entry == NULL);
227
#endif
228
229
60.8k
    entry = ht->alloc.malloc(sizeof(_Py_hashtable_entry_t));
230
60.8k
    if (entry == NULL) {
231
        /* memory allocation failed */
232
0
        return -1;
233
0
    }
234
235
60.8k
    entry->key_hash = ht->hash_func(key);
236
60.8k
    entry->key = (void *)key;
237
60.8k
    entry->value = value;
238
239
60.8k
    ht->nentries++;
240
60.8k
    if ((float)ht->nentries / (float)ht->nbuckets > HASHTABLE_HIGH) {
241
963
        if (hashtable_rehash(ht) < 0) {
242
0
            ht->nentries--;
243
0
            ht->alloc.free(entry);
244
0
            return -1;
245
0
        }
246
963
    }
247
248
60.8k
    size_t index = entry->key_hash & (ht->nbuckets - 1);
249
60.8k
    _Py_slist_prepend(&ht->buckets[index], (_Py_slist_item_t*)entry);
250
60.8k
    return 0;
251
60.8k
}
252
253
254
void*
255
_Py_hashtable_get(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, const void *key)
256
6.38M
{
257
6.38M
    _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = ht->get_entry_func(ht, key);
258
6.38M
    if (entry != NULL) {
259
563k
        return entry->value;
260
563k
    }
261
5.82M
    else {
262
5.82M
        return NULL;
263
5.82M
    }
264
6.38M
}
265
266
267
int
268
_Py_hashtable_foreach(_Py_hashtable_t *ht,
269
                      _Py_hashtable_foreach_func func,
270
                      void *user_data)
271
0
{
272
0
    for (size_t hv = 0; hv < ht->nbuckets; hv++) {
273
0
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, hv);
274
0
        while (entry != NULL) {
275
0
            int res = func(ht, entry->key, entry->value, user_data);
276
0
            if (res) {
277
0
                return res;
278
0
            }
279
0
            entry = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
280
0
        }
281
0
    }
282
0
    return 0;
283
0
}
284
285
286
static int
287
hashtable_rehash(_Py_hashtable_t *ht)
288
963
{
289
963
    size_t new_size = round_size((size_t)(ht->nentries * HASHTABLE_REHASH_FACTOR));
290
963
    if (new_size == ht->nbuckets) {
291
0
        return 0;
292
0
    }
293
294
963
    size_t buckets_size = new_size * sizeof(ht->buckets[0]);
295
963
    _Py_slist_t *new_buckets = ht->alloc.malloc(buckets_size);
296
963
    if (new_buckets == NULL) {
297
        /* memory allocation failed */
298
0
        return -1;
299
0
    }
300
963
    memset(new_buckets, 0, buckets_size);
301
302
208k
    for (size_t bucket = 0; bucket < ht->nbuckets; bucket++) {
303
207k
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = BUCKETS_HEAD(ht->buckets[bucket]);
304
310k
        while (entry != NULL) {
305
103k
            assert(ht->hash_func(entry->key) == entry->key_hash);
306
103k
            _Py_hashtable_entry_t *next = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
307
103k
            size_t entry_index = entry->key_hash & (new_size - 1);
308
309
103k
            _Py_slist_prepend(&new_buckets[entry_index], (_Py_slist_item_t*)entry);
310
311
103k
            entry = next;
312
103k
        }
313
207k
    }
314
315
963
    ht->alloc.free(ht->buckets);
316
963
    ht->nbuckets = new_size;
317
963
    ht->buckets = new_buckets;
318
963
    return 0;
319
963
}
320
321
322
_Py_hashtable_t *
323
_Py_hashtable_new_full(_Py_hashtable_hash_func hash_func,
324
                       _Py_hashtable_compare_func compare_func,
325
                       _Py_hashtable_destroy_func key_destroy_func,
326
                       _Py_hashtable_destroy_func value_destroy_func,
327
                       _Py_hashtable_allocator_t *allocator)
328
452
{
329
452
    _Py_hashtable_allocator_t alloc;
330
452
    if (allocator == NULL) {
331
236
        alloc.malloc = PyMem_Malloc;
332
236
        alloc.free = PyMem_Free;
333
236
    }
334
216
    else {
335
216
        alloc = *allocator;
336
216
    }
337
338
452
    _Py_hashtable_t *ht = (_Py_hashtable_t *)alloc.malloc(sizeof(_Py_hashtable_t));
339
452
    if (ht == NULL) {
340
0
        return ht;
341
0
    }
342
343
452
    ht->nbuckets = HASHTABLE_MIN_SIZE;
344
452
    ht->nentries = 0;
345
346
452
    size_t buckets_size = ht->nbuckets * sizeof(ht->buckets[0]);
347
452
    ht->buckets = alloc.malloc(buckets_size);
348
452
    if (ht->buckets == NULL) {
349
0
        alloc.free(ht);
350
0
        return NULL;
351
0
    }
352
452
    memset(ht->buckets, 0, buckets_size);
353
354
452
    ht->get_entry_func = _Py_hashtable_get_entry_generic;
355
452
    ht->hash_func = hash_func;
356
452
    ht->compare_func = compare_func;
357
452
    ht->key_destroy_func = key_destroy_func;
358
452
    ht->value_destroy_func = value_destroy_func;
359
452
    ht->alloc = alloc;
360
452
    if (ht->hash_func == _Py_hashtable_hash_ptr
361
268
        && ht->compare_func == _Py_hashtable_compare_direct)
362
268
    {
363
268
        ht->get_entry_func = _Py_hashtable_get_entry_ptr;
364
268
    }
365
452
    return ht;
366
452
}
367
368
369
_Py_hashtable_t *
370
_Py_hashtable_new(_Py_hashtable_hash_func hash_func,
371
                  _Py_hashtable_compare_func compare_func)
372
0
{
373
0
    return _Py_hashtable_new_full(hash_func, compare_func,
374
0
                                  NULL, NULL, NULL);
375
0
}
376
377
378
static void
379
_Py_hashtable_destroy_entry(_Py_hashtable_t *ht, _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry)
380
20.5k
{
381
20.5k
    if (ht->key_destroy_func) {
382
20.5k
        ht->key_destroy_func(entry->key);
383
20.5k
    }
384
20.5k
    if (ht->value_destroy_func) {
385
0
        ht->value_destroy_func(entry->value);
386
0
    }
387
20.5k
    ht->alloc.free(entry);
388
20.5k
}
389
390
391
void
392
_Py_hashtable_clear(_Py_hashtable_t *ht)
393
0
{
394
0
    for (size_t i=0; i < ht->nbuckets; i++) {
395
0
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, i);
396
0
        while (entry != NULL) {
397
0
            _Py_hashtable_entry_t *next = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
398
0
            _Py_hashtable_destroy_entry(ht, entry);
399
0
            entry = next;
400
0
        }
401
0
        _Py_slist_init(&ht->buckets[i]);
402
0
    }
403
0
    ht->nentries = 0;
404
    // Ignore failure: clear function is not expected to fail
405
    // because of a memory allocation failure.
406
0
    (void)hashtable_rehash(ht);
407
0
}
408
409
410
void
411
_Py_hashtable_destroy(_Py_hashtable_t *ht)
412
232
{
413
64.0k
    for (size_t i = 0; i < ht->nbuckets; i++) {
414
63.8k
        _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry = TABLE_HEAD(ht, i);
415
84.4k
        while (entry) {
416
20.5k
            _Py_hashtable_entry_t *entry_next = ENTRY_NEXT(entry);
417
20.5k
            _Py_hashtable_destroy_entry(ht, entry);
418
20.5k
            entry = entry_next;
419
20.5k
        }
420
63.8k
    }
421
422
232
    ht->alloc.free(ht->buckets);
423
232
    ht->alloc.free(ht);
424
232
}