// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.

//

// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

// You may obtain a copy of the License at

//

//      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

//

// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

// limitations under the License.

// A low-level allocator that can be used by other low-level

// modules without introducing dependency cycles.

// This allocator is slow and wasteful of memory;

// it should not be used when performance is key.

#include "absl/base/internal/low_level_alloc.h"

#include <stdint.h>

#include <optional>

#include <type_traits>

#include "absl/base/call_once.h"

#include "absl/base/config.h"

#include "absl/base/internal/direct_mmap.h"

#include "absl/base/internal/scheduling_mode.h"

#include "absl/base/macros.h"

#include "absl/base/thread_annotations.h"

// LowLevelAlloc requires that the platform support low-level

// allocation of virtual memory. Platforms lacking this cannot use

// LowLevelAlloc.

#ifndef ABSL_LOW_LEVEL_ALLOC_MISSING

#ifndef _WIN32

#include <pthread.h>

#include <signal.h>

#include <sys/mman.h>

#include <unistd.h>

#else

#include <windows.h>

#endif

#ifdef __linux__

#include <sys/prctl.h>

#endif

#include <string.h>

#include <algorithm>

#include <atomic>

#include <cerrno>

#include <cstddef>

#include <new>  // for placement-new

#include "absl/base/dynamic_annotations.h"

#include "absl/base/internal/raw_logging.h"

#include "absl/base/internal/spinlock.h"

#if defined(MAP_ANON) && !defined(MAP_ANONYMOUS)

#define MAP_ANONYMOUS MAP_ANON

#endif

namespace absl {

ABSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN

namespace base_internal {

// A first-fit allocator with amortized logarithmic free() time.

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

static const int kMaxLevel = 30;

namespace {

// This struct describes one allocated block, or one free block.

struct AllocList {

  struct Header {

    // Size of entire region, including this field. Must be

    // first. Valid in both allocated and unallocated blocks.

    uintptr_t size;

    // kMagicAllocated or kMagicUnallocated xor this.

    uintptr_t magic;

    // Pointer to parent arena.

    LowLevelAlloc::Arena *arena;

    // Aligns regions to 0 mod 2*sizeof(void*).

    void *dummy_for_alignment;

  } header;

  // Next two fields: in unallocated blocks: freelist skiplist data

  //                  in allocated blocks: overlaps with client data

  // Levels in skiplist used.

  int levels;

  // Actually has levels elements. The AllocList node may not have room

  // for all kMaxLevel entries. See max_fit in LLA_SkiplistLevels().

  AllocList *next[kMaxLevel];

};

}  // namespace

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

// A trivial skiplist implementation.  This is used to keep the freelist

// in address order while taking only logarithmic time per insert and delete.

// An integer approximation of log2(size/base)

// Requires size >= base.

static int IntLog2(size_t size, size_t base) {

  int result = 0;

  for (size_t i = size; i > base; i >>= 1) {  // i == floor(size/2**result)

    result++;

  }

  //    floor(size / 2**result) <= base < floor(size / 2**(result-1))

  // =>     log2(size/(base+1)) <= result < 1+log2(size/base)

  // => result ~= log2(size/base)

  return result;

}

// Return a random integer n:  p(n)=1/(2**n) if 1 <= n; p(n)=0 if n < 1.

static int Random(uint32_t *state) {

  uint32_t r = *state;

  int result = 1;

  while ((((r = r * 1103515245 + 12345) >> 30) & 1) == 0) {

    result++;

  }

  *state = r;

  return result;

}

// Return a number of skiplist levels for a node of size bytes, where

// base is the minimum node size.  Compute level=log2(size / base)+n

// where n is 1 if random is false and otherwise a random number generated with

// the standard distribution for a skiplist:  See Random() above.

// Bigger nodes tend to have more skiplist levels due to the log2(size / base)

// term, so first-fit searches touch fewer nodes.  "level" is clipped so

// level<kMaxLevel and next[level-1] will fit in the node.

// 0 < LLA_SkiplistLevels(x,y,false) <= LLA_SkiplistLevels(x,y,true) < kMaxLevel

static int LLA_SkiplistLevels(size_t size, size_t base, uint32_t *random) {

  // max_fit is the maximum number of levels that will fit in a node for the

  // given size.   We can't return more than max_fit, no matter what the

  // random number generator says.

  size_t max_fit = (size - offsetof(AllocList, next)) / sizeof(AllocList *);

  int level = IntLog2(size, base) + (random != nullptr ? Random(random) : 1);

  if (static_cast<size_t>(level) > max_fit) level = static_cast<int>(max_fit);

  if (level > kMaxLevel - 1) level = kMaxLevel - 1;

  ABSL_RAW_CHECK(level >= 1, "block not big enough for even one level");

  return level;

}

// Return "atleast", the first element of AllocList *head s.t. *atleast >= *e.

// For 0 <= i < head->levels, set prev[i] to "no_greater", where no_greater

// points to the last element at level i in the AllocList less than *e, or is

// head if no such element exists.

static AllocList *LLA_SkiplistSearch(AllocList *head, AllocList *e,

                                     AllocList **prev) {

  AllocList *p = head;

  for (int level = head->levels - 1; level >= 0; level--) {

    for (AllocList *n; (n = p->next[level]) != nullptr && n < e; p = n) {

    }

    prev[level] = p;

  }

  return (head->levels == 0) ? nullptr : prev[0]->next[0];

}

// Insert element *e into AllocList *head.  Set prev[] as LLA_SkiplistSearch.

// Requires that e->levels be previously set by the caller (using

// LLA_SkiplistLevels())

static void LLA_SkiplistInsert(AllocList *head, AllocList *e,

                               AllocList **prev) {

  LLA_SkiplistSearch(head, e, prev);

  for (; head->levels < e->levels; head->levels++) {  // extend prev pointers

    prev[head->levels] = head;                        // to all *e's levels

  }

  for (int i = 0; i != e->levels; i++) {  // add element to list

    e->next[i] = prev[i]->next[i];

    prev[i]->next[i] = e;

  }

}

// Remove element *e from AllocList *head.  Set prev[] as LLA_SkiplistSearch().

// Requires that e->levels be previous set by the caller (using

// LLA_SkiplistLevels())

static void LLA_SkiplistDelete(AllocList *head, AllocList *e,

                               AllocList **prev) {

  AllocList *found = LLA_SkiplistSearch(head, e, prev);

  ABSL_RAW_CHECK(e == found, "element not in freelist");

  for (int i = 0; i != e->levels && prev[i]->next[i] == e; i++) {

    prev[i]->next[i] = e->next[i];

  }

  while (head->levels > 0 && head->next[head->levels - 1] == nullptr) {

    head->levels--;  // reduce head->levels if level unused

  }

}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

// Arena implementation

// Metadata for an LowLevelAlloc arena instance.

struct LowLevelAlloc::Arena {

  // Constructs an arena with the given LowLevelAlloc flags.

  explicit Arena(uint32_t flags_value);

  base_internal::SpinLock mu;

  // Head of free list, sorted by address

  AllocList freelist ABSL_GUARDED_BY(mu);

  // Count of allocated blocks

  int32_t allocation_count ABSL_GUARDED_BY(mu);

  // flags passed to NewArena

  const uint32_t flags;

  // Result of sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE)

  const size_t pagesize;

  // Lowest power of two >= max(16, sizeof(AllocList))

  const size_t round_up;

  // Smallest allocation block size

  const size_t min_size;

  // PRNG state

  uint32_t random ABSL_GUARDED_BY(mu);

};

// ---------------------------------------------------------------

// An async-signal-safe arena for LowLevelAlloc

static std::atomic<base_internal::LowLevelAlloc::Arena *> g_sig_safe_arena;

base_internal::LowLevelAlloc::Arena *SigSafeArena() {

  return g_sig_safe_arena.load(std::memory_order_acquire);

}

void InitSigSafeArena() {

  if (SigSafeArena() == nullptr) {

    uint32_t flags = 0;

#ifndef ABSL_LOW_LEVEL_ALLOC_ASYNC_SIGNAL_SAFE_MISSING

    flags |= base_internal::LowLevelAlloc::kAsyncSignalSafe;

#endif

    base_internal::LowLevelAlloc::Arena *new_arena =

        base_internal::LowLevelAlloc::NewArena(flags);

    base_internal::LowLevelAlloc::Arena *old_value = nullptr;

    if (!g_sig_safe_arena.compare_exchange_strong(old_value, new_arena,

                                                  std::memory_order_release,

                                                  std::memory_order_relaxed)) {

      // We lost a race to allocate an arena; deallocate.

      base_internal::LowLevelAlloc::DeleteArena(new_arena);

    }

  }

}

namespace {

// Static storage space for the lazily-constructed, default global arena

// instances.  We require this space because the whole point of LowLevelAlloc

// is to avoid relying on malloc/new.

alignas(LowLevelAlloc::Arena) unsigned char default_arena_storage[sizeof(

    LowLevelAlloc::Arena)];

alignas(LowLevelAlloc::Arena) unsigned char unhooked_arena_storage[sizeof(

    LowLevelAlloc::Arena)];

#ifndef ABSL_LOW_LEVEL_ALLOC_ASYNC_SIGNAL_SAFE_MISSING

alignas(

    LowLevelAlloc::Arena) unsigned char unhooked_async_sig_safe_arena_storage

    [sizeof(LowLevelAlloc::Arena)];

#endif

// We must use LowLevelCallOnce here to construct the global arenas, rather than

// using function-level statics, to avoid recursively invoking the scheduler.

absl::once_flag create_globals_once;

void CreateGlobalArenas() {

  new (&default_arena_storage)

      LowLevelAlloc::Arena(LowLevelAlloc::kCallMallocHook);

  new (&unhooked_arena_storage) LowLevelAlloc::Arena(0);

#ifndef ABSL_LOW_LEVEL_ALLOC_ASYNC_SIGNAL_SAFE_MISSING

  new (&unhooked_async_sig_safe_arena_storage)

      LowLevelAlloc::Arena(LowLevelAlloc::kAsyncSignalSafe);

#endif

}

// Returns a global arena that does not call into hooks.  Used by NewArena()

// when kCallMallocHook is not set.

LowLevelAlloc::Arena *UnhookedArena() {

  base_internal::LowLevelCallOnce(&create_globals_once, CreateGlobalArenas);

  return reinterpret_cast<LowLevelAlloc::Arena *>(&unhooked_arena_storage);

}

#ifndef ABSL_LOW_LEVEL_ALLOC_ASYNC_SIGNAL_SAFE_MISSING

// Returns a global arena that is async-signal safe.  Used by NewArena() when

// kAsyncSignalSafe is set.

LowLevelAlloc::Arena *UnhookedAsyncSigSafeArena() {

  base_internal::LowLevelCallOnce(&create_globals_once, CreateGlobalArenas);

  return reinterpret_cast<LowLevelAlloc::Arena *>(

      &unhooked_async_sig_safe_arena_storage);

}

#endif

}  // namespace

// Returns the default arena, as used by LowLevelAlloc::Alloc() and friends.

LowLevelAlloc::Arena *LowLevelAlloc::DefaultArena() {

  base_internal::LowLevelCallOnce(&create_globals_once, CreateGlobalArenas);

  return reinterpret_cast<LowLevelAlloc::Arena *>(&default_arena_storage);

}

// magic numbers to identify allocated and unallocated blocks

static const uintptr_t kMagicAllocated = 0x4c833e95U;

static const uintptr_t kMagicUnallocated = ~kMagicAllocated;

namespace {

class ABSL_SCOPED_LOCKABLE ArenaLock {

 public:

  explicit ArenaLock(LowLevelAlloc::Arena *arena)

      ABSL_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_FUNCTION(arena->mu)

      : arena_(arena) {

#ifndef ABSL_LOW_LEVEL_ALLOC_ASYNC_SIGNAL_SAFE_MISSING

    if ((arena->flags & LowLevelAlloc::kAsyncSignalSafe) != 0) {

      sigset_t all;

      sigfillset(&all);

      mask_valid_ = pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, &all, &mask_) == 0;

    }

#endif

    arena_->mu.lock();

  }

  ~ArenaLock() { ABSL_RAW_CHECK(left_, "haven't left Arena region"); }

  void Leave() ABSL_UNLOCK_FUNCTION() {

    arena_->mu.unlock();

#ifndef ABSL_LOW_LEVEL_ALLOC_ASYNC_SIGNAL_SAFE_MISSING

    if (mask_valid_) {

      const int err = pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask_, nullptr);

      if (err != 0) {

        ABSL_RAW_LOG(FATAL, "pthread_sigmask failed: %d", err);

      }

    }

#endif

    left_ = true;

  }

 private:

  bool left_ = false;  // whether left region

#ifndef ABSL_LOW_LEVEL_ALLOC_ASYNC_SIGNAL_SAFE_MISSING

  bool mask_valid_ = false;

  sigset_t mask_;  // old mask of blocked signals

#endif

  LowLevelAlloc::Arena *arena_;

  ArenaLock(const ArenaLock &) = delete;

  ArenaLock &operator=(const ArenaLock &) = delete;

};

}  // namespace

// create an appropriate magic number for an object at "ptr"

// "magic" should be kMagicAllocated or kMagicUnallocated

inline static uintptr_t Magic(uintptr_t magic, AllocList::Header *ptr) {

  return magic ^ reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr);

}

namespace {

size_t GetPageSize() {

#ifdef _WIN32

  SYSTEM_INFO system_info;

  GetSystemInfo(&system_info);

  return std::max(system_info.dwPageSize, system_info.dwAllocationGranularity);

#elif defined(__wasm__) || defined(__asmjs__) || defined(__hexagon__)

  return static_cast<size_t>(getpagesize());

#else

  return static_cast<size_t>(sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE));

#endif

}

size_t RoundedUpBlockSize() {

  // Round up block sizes to a power of two close to the header size.

  size_t round_up = 16;

  while (round_up < sizeof(AllocList::Header)) {

    round_up += round_up;

  }

  return round_up;

}

}  // namespace

LowLevelAlloc::Arena::Arena(uint32_t flags_value)

    : mu(base_internal::SCHEDULE_KERNEL_ONLY),

      allocation_count(0),

      flags(flags_value),

      pagesize(GetPageSize()),

      round_up(RoundedUpBlockSize()),

      min_size(2 * round_up),

      random(0) {

  freelist.header.size = 0;

  freelist.header.magic = Magic(kMagicUnallocated, &freelist.header);

  freelist.header.arena = this;

  freelist.levels = 0;

  memset(freelist.next, 0, sizeof(freelist.next));

}

// L < meta_data_arena->mu

LowLevelAlloc::Arena *LowLevelAlloc::NewArena(uint32_t flags) {

  Arena *meta_data_arena = DefaultArena();

#ifndef ABSL_LOW_LEVEL_ALLOC_ASYNC_SIGNAL_SAFE_MISSING

  if ((flags & LowLevelAlloc::kAsyncSignalSafe) != 0) {

    meta_data_arena = UnhookedAsyncSigSafeArena();

  } else  // NOLINT(readability/braces)

#endif

      if ((flags & LowLevelAlloc::kCallMallocHook) == 0) {

    meta_data_arena = UnhookedArena();

  }

  Arena *result =

      new (AllocWithArena(sizeof(*result), meta_data_arena)) Arena(flags);

  return result;

}

// L < arena->mu, L < arena->arena->mu

bool LowLevelAlloc::DeleteArena(Arena *arena) {

  ABSL_RAW_CHECK(

      arena != nullptr && arena != DefaultArena() && arena != UnhookedArena(),

      "may not delete default arena");

  ArenaLock section(arena);

  if (arena->allocation_count != 0) {

    section.Leave();

    return false;

  }

  while (arena->freelist.next[0] != nullptr) {

    AllocList *region = arena->freelist.next[0];

    size_t size = region->header.size;

    arena->freelist.next[0] = region->next[0];

    ABSL_RAW_CHECK(

        region->header.magic == Magic(kMagicUnallocated, &region->header),

        "bad magic number in DeleteArena()");

    ABSL_RAW_CHECK(region->header.arena == arena,

                   "bad arena pointer in DeleteArena()");

    ABSL_RAW_CHECK(size % arena->pagesize == 0,

                   "empty arena has non-page-aligned block size");

    ABSL_RAW_CHECK(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(region) % arena->pagesize == 0,

                   "empty arena has non-page-aligned block");

    int munmap_result;

#ifdef _WIN32

    munmap_result = VirtualFree(region, 0, MEM_RELEASE);

    ABSL_RAW_CHECK(munmap_result != 0,

                   "LowLevelAlloc::DeleteArena: VitualFree failed");

#else

#ifndef ABSL_LOW_LEVEL_ALLOC_ASYNC_SIGNAL_SAFE_MISSING

    if ((arena->flags & LowLevelAlloc::kAsyncSignalSafe) == 0) {

      munmap_result = munmap(region, size);

    } else {

      munmap_result = base_internal::DirectMunmap(region, size);

    }

#else

    munmap_result = munmap(region, size);

#endif  // ABSL_LOW_LEVEL_ALLOC_ASYNC_SIGNAL_SAFE_MISSING

    if (munmap_result != 0) {

      ABSL_RAW_LOG(FATAL, "LowLevelAlloc::DeleteArena: munmap failed: %d",

                   errno);

    }

#endif  // _WIN32

  }

  section.Leave();

  arena->~Arena();

  Free(arena);

  return true;

}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

// Addition, checking for overflow.  The intent is to die if an external client

// manages to push through a request that would cause arithmetic to fail.

static inline uintptr_t CheckedAdd(uintptr_t a, uintptr_t b) {

  uintptr_t sum = a + b;

  ABSL_RAW_CHECK(sum >= a, "LowLevelAlloc arithmetic overflow");

  return sum;

}

// Return value rounded up to next multiple of align.

// align must be a power of two.

static inline uintptr_t RoundUp(uintptr_t addr, uintptr_t align) {

  return CheckedAdd(addr, align - 1) & ~(align - 1);

}

// Equivalent to "return prev->next[i]" but with sanity checking

// that the freelist is in the correct order, that it

// consists of regions marked "unallocated", and that no two regions

// are adjacent in memory (they should have been coalesced).

static AllocList *Next(int i, AllocList *prev, LowLevelAlloc::Arena *arena)

    ABSL_EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(arena->mu) {

  ABSL_RAW_CHECK(i < prev->levels, "too few levels in Next()");

  AllocList *next = prev->next[i];

  if (next != nullptr) {

    ABSL_RAW_CHECK(

        next->header.magic == Magic(kMagicUnallocated, &next->header),

        "bad magic number in Next()");

    ABSL_RAW_CHECK(next->header.arena == arena, "bad arena pointer in Next()");

    if (prev != &arena->freelist) {

      ABSL_RAW_CHECK(prev < next, "unordered freelist");

      ABSL_RAW_CHECK(reinterpret_cast<char *>(prev) + prev->header.size <

                         reinterpret_cast<char *>(next),

                     "malformed freelist");

    }

  }

  return next;

}

// Coalesce list item "a" with its successor if they are adjacent.

static void Coalesce(AllocList *a) {

  AllocList *n = a->next[0];

  if (n != nullptr && reinterpret_cast<char *>(a) + a->header.size ==

                          reinterpret_cast<char *>(n)) {

    LowLevelAlloc::Arena *arena = a->header.arena;

    arena->mu.AssertHeld();

    a->header.size += n->header.size;

    n->header.magic = 0;

    n->header.arena = nullptr;

    AllocList *prev[kMaxLevel];

    LLA_SkiplistDelete(&arena->freelist, n, prev);

    LLA_SkiplistDelete(&arena->freelist, a, prev);

    a->levels =

        LLA_SkiplistLevels(a->header.size, arena->min_size, &arena->random);

    LLA_SkiplistInsert(&arena->freelist, a, prev);

  }

}

// Adds block at location "v" to the free list

static void AddToFreelist(void *v, LowLevelAlloc::Arena *arena)

    ABSL_EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(arena->mu) {

  AllocList *f = reinterpret_cast<AllocList *>(reinterpret_cast<char *>(v) -

                                               sizeof(f->header));

  ABSL_RAW_CHECK(f->header.magic == Magic(kMagicAllocated, &f->header),

                 "bad magic number in AddToFreelist()");

  ABSL_RAW_CHECK(f->header.arena == arena,

                 "bad arena pointer in AddToFreelist()");

  f->levels =

      LLA_SkiplistLevels(f->header.size, arena->min_size, &arena->random);

  AllocList *prev[kMaxLevel];

  LLA_SkiplistInsert(&arena->freelist, f, prev);

  f->header.magic = Magic(kMagicUnallocated, &f->header);

  Coalesce(f);        // maybe coalesce with successor

  Coalesce(prev[0]);  // maybe coalesce with predecessor

}

// Frees storage allocated by LowLevelAlloc::Alloc().

// L < arena->mu

void LowLevelAlloc::Free(void *v) {

  if (v != nullptr) {

    AllocList *f = reinterpret_cast<AllocList *>(reinterpret_cast<char *>(v) -

                                                 sizeof(f->header));

    LowLevelAlloc::Arena *arena = f->header.arena;

    ArenaLock section(arena);

    AddToFreelist(v, arena);

    ABSL_RAW_CHECK(arena->allocation_count > 0, "nothing in arena to free");

    arena->allocation_count--;

    section.Leave();

  }

}

// allocates and returns a block of size bytes, to be freed with Free()

// L < arena->mu

static void *DoAllocWithArena(size_t request, LowLevelAlloc::Arena *arena) {

  void *result = nullptr;

  if (request != 0) {

    AllocList *s;  // will point to region that satisfies request

    ArenaLock section(arena);

    // round up with header

    size_t req_rnd =

        RoundUp(CheckedAdd(request, sizeof(s->header)), arena->round_up);

    for (;;) {  // loop until we find a suitable region

      // find the minimum levels that a block of this size must have

      int i = LLA_SkiplistLevels(req_rnd, arena->min_size, nullptr) - 1;

      if (i < arena->freelist.levels) {        // potential blocks exist

        AllocList *before = &arena->freelist;  // predecessor of s

        while ((s = Next(i, before, arena)) != nullptr &&

               s->header.size < req_rnd) {

          before = s;

        }

        if (s != nullptr) {  // we found a region

          break;

        }

      }

      // we unlock before mmap() both because mmap() may call a callback hook,

      // and because it may be slow.

      arena->mu.unlock();

      // mmap generous 64K chunks to decrease

      // the chances/impact of fragmentation:

      size_t new_pages_size = RoundUp(req_rnd, arena->pagesize * 16);

      void *new_pages;

#ifdef _WIN32

      new_pages = VirtualAlloc(nullptr, new_pages_size,

                               MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);

      ABSL_RAW_CHECK(new_pages != nullptr, "VirtualAlloc failed");

#else

#ifndef ABSL_LOW_LEVEL_ALLOC_ASYNC_SIGNAL_SAFE_MISSING

      if ((arena->flags & LowLevelAlloc::kAsyncSignalSafe) != 0) {

        new_pages = base_internal::DirectMmap(nullptr, new_pages_size,

            PROT_WRITE|PROT_READ, MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0);

      } else {

        new_pages = mmap(nullptr, new_pages_size, PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ,

                         MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0);

      }

#else

      new_pages = mmap(nullptr, new_pages_size, PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ,

                       MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0);

#endif  // ABSL_LOW_LEVEL_ALLOC_ASYNC_SIGNAL_SAFE_MISSING

      if (new_pages == MAP_FAILED) {

        ABSL_RAW_LOG(FATAL, "mmap error: %d", errno);

      }

#ifdef __linux__

#if defined(PR_SET_VMA) && defined(PR_SET_VMA_ANON_NAME)

      // Attempt to name the allocated address range in /proc/$PID/smaps on

      // Linux.

      //

      // This invocation of prctl() may fail if the Linux kernel was not

      // configured with the CONFIG_ANON_VMA_NAME option.  This is OK since

      // the naming of arenas is primarily a debugging aid.

      prctl(PR_SET_VMA, PR_SET_VMA_ANON_NAME, new_pages, new_pages_size,

            "absl");

#endif

#endif  // __linux__

#endif  // _WIN32

      arena->mu.lock();

      s = reinterpret_cast<AllocList *>(new_pages);

      s->header.size = new_pages_size;

      // Pretend the block is allocated; call AddToFreelist() to free it.

      s->header.magic = Magic(kMagicAllocated, &s->header);

      s->header.arena = arena;

      AddToFreelist(&s->levels, arena);  // insert new region into free list

    }

    AllocList *prev[kMaxLevel];

    LLA_SkiplistDelete(&arena->freelist, s, prev);  // remove from free list

    // s points to the first free region that's big enough

    if (CheckedAdd(req_rnd, arena->min_size) <= s->header.size) {

      // big enough to split

      AllocList *n =

          reinterpret_cast<AllocList *>(req_rnd + reinterpret_cast<char *>(s));

      n->header.size = s->header.size - req_rnd;

      n->header.magic = Magic(kMagicAllocated, &n->header);

      n->header.arena = arena;

      s->header.size = req_rnd;

      AddToFreelist(&n->levels, arena);

    }

    s->header.magic = Magic(kMagicAllocated, &s->header);

    ABSL_RAW_CHECK(s->header.arena == arena, "");

    arena->allocation_count++;

    section.Leave();

    result = &s->levels;

  }

  ABSL_ANNOTATE_MEMORY_IS_UNINITIALIZED(result, request);

  return result;

}

void *LowLevelAlloc::Alloc(size_t request) {

  void *result = DoAllocWithArena(request, DefaultArena());

  return result;

}

void *LowLevelAlloc::AllocWithArena(size_t request, Arena *arena) {

  ABSL_RAW_CHECK(arena != nullptr, "must pass a valid arena");

  void *result = DoAllocWithArena(request, arena);

  return result;

}

}  // namespace base_internal

ABSL_NAMESPACE_END

}  // namespace absl

#endif  // ABSL_LOW_LEVEL_ALLOC_MISSING