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1# sql/expression.py 

2# Copyright (C) 2005-2026 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors 

3# <see AUTHORS file> 

4# 

5# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under 

6# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php 

7 

8"""Defines the public namespace for SQL expression constructs.""" 

9 

10from __future__ import annotations 

11 

12from ._dml_constructors import delete as delete 

13from ._dml_constructors import insert as insert 

14from ._dml_constructors import update as update 

15from ._elements_constructors import all_ as all_ 

16from ._elements_constructors import and_ as and_ 

17from ._elements_constructors import any_ as any_ 

18from ._elements_constructors import asc as asc 

19from ._elements_constructors import between as between 

20from ._elements_constructors import bindparam as bindparam 

21from ._elements_constructors import bitwise_not as bitwise_not 

22from ._elements_constructors import case as case 

23from ._elements_constructors import cast as cast 

24from ._elements_constructors import collate as collate 

25from ._elements_constructors import column as column 

26from ._elements_constructors import desc as desc 

27from ._elements_constructors import distinct as distinct 

28from ._elements_constructors import extract as extract 

29from ._elements_constructors import false as false 

30from ._elements_constructors import funcfilter as funcfilter 

31from ._elements_constructors import label as label 

32from ._elements_constructors import not_ as not_ 

33from ._elements_constructors import null as null 

34from ._elements_constructors import nulls_first as nulls_first 

35from ._elements_constructors import nulls_last as nulls_last 

36from ._elements_constructors import or_ as or_ 

37from ._elements_constructors import outparam as outparam 

38from ._elements_constructors import over as over 

39from ._elements_constructors import text as text 

40from ._elements_constructors import true as true 

41from ._elements_constructors import try_cast as try_cast 

42from ._elements_constructors import tuple_ as tuple_ 

43from ._elements_constructors import type_coerce as type_coerce 

44from ._elements_constructors import within_group as within_group 

45from ._selectable_constructors import alias as alias 

46from ._selectable_constructors import cte as cte 

47from ._selectable_constructors import except_ as except_ 

48from ._selectable_constructors import except_all as except_all 

49from ._selectable_constructors import exists as exists 

50from ._selectable_constructors import intersect as intersect 

51from ._selectable_constructors import intersect_all as intersect_all 

52from ._selectable_constructors import join as join 

53from ._selectable_constructors import lateral as lateral 

54from ._selectable_constructors import outerjoin as outerjoin 

55from ._selectable_constructors import select as select 

56from ._selectable_constructors import table as table 

57from ._selectable_constructors import tablesample as tablesample 

58from ._selectable_constructors import union as union 

59from ._selectable_constructors import union_all as union_all 

60from ._selectable_constructors import values as values 

61from ._typing import ColumnExpressionArgument as ColumnExpressionArgument 

62from .base import _from_objects as _from_objects 

63from .base import _select_iterables as _select_iterables 

64from .base import ColumnCollection as ColumnCollection 

65from .base import Executable as Executable 

66from .cache_key import CacheKey as CacheKey 

67from .dml import Delete as Delete 

68from .dml import Insert as Insert 

69from .dml import Update as Update 

70from .dml import UpdateBase as UpdateBase 

71from .dml import ValuesBase as ValuesBase 

72from .elements import _truncated_label as _truncated_label 

73from .elements import BinaryExpression as BinaryExpression 

74from .elements import BindParameter as BindParameter 

75from .elements import BooleanClauseList as BooleanClauseList 

76from .elements import Case as Case 

77from .elements import Cast as Cast 

78from .elements import ClauseElement as ClauseElement 

79from .elements import ClauseList as ClauseList 

80from .elements import CollectionAggregate as CollectionAggregate 

81from .elements import ColumnClause as ColumnClause 

82from .elements import ColumnElement as ColumnElement 

83from .elements import ExpressionClauseList as ExpressionClauseList 

84from .elements import Extract as Extract 

85from .elements import False_ as False_ 

86from .elements import FunctionFilter as FunctionFilter 

87from .elements import Grouping as Grouping 

88from .elements import Label as Label 

89from .elements import literal as literal 

90from .elements import literal_column as literal_column 

91from .elements import Null as Null 

92from .elements import Over as Over 

93from .elements import quoted_name as quoted_name 

94from .elements import ReleaseSavepointClause as ReleaseSavepointClause 

95from .elements import RollbackToSavepointClause as RollbackToSavepointClause 

96from .elements import SavepointClause as SavepointClause 

97from .elements import SQLColumnExpression as SQLColumnExpression 

98from .elements import TextClause as TextClause 

99from .elements import True_ as True_ 

100from .elements import TryCast as TryCast 

101from .elements import Tuple as Tuple 

102from .elements import TypeClause as TypeClause 

103from .elements import TypeCoerce as TypeCoerce 

104from .elements import UnaryExpression as UnaryExpression 

105from .elements import WithinGroup as WithinGroup 

106from .functions import func as func 

107from .functions import Function as Function 

108from .functions import FunctionElement as FunctionElement 

109from .functions import modifier as modifier 

110from .lambdas import lambda_stmt as lambda_stmt 

111from .lambdas import LambdaElement as LambdaElement 

112from .lambdas import StatementLambdaElement as StatementLambdaElement 

113from .operators import ColumnOperators as ColumnOperators 

114from .operators import custom_op as custom_op 

115from .operators import Operators as Operators 

116from .selectable import Alias as Alias 

117from .selectable import AliasedReturnsRows as AliasedReturnsRows 

118from .selectable import CompoundSelect as CompoundSelect 

119from .selectable import CTE as CTE 

120from .selectable import Exists as Exists 

121from .selectable import FromClause as FromClause 

122from .selectable import FromGrouping as FromGrouping 

123from .selectable import GenerativeSelect as GenerativeSelect 

124from .selectable import HasCTE as HasCTE 

125from .selectable import HasPrefixes as HasPrefixes 

126from .selectable import HasSuffixes as HasSuffixes 

127from .selectable import Join as Join 

128from .selectable import LABEL_STYLE_DEFAULT as LABEL_STYLE_DEFAULT 

129from .selectable import ( 

130 LABEL_STYLE_DISAMBIGUATE_ONLY as LABEL_STYLE_DISAMBIGUATE_ONLY, 

131) 

132from .selectable import LABEL_STYLE_NONE as LABEL_STYLE_NONE 

133from .selectable import ( 

134 LABEL_STYLE_TABLENAME_PLUS_COL as LABEL_STYLE_TABLENAME_PLUS_COL, 

135) 

136from .selectable import Lateral as Lateral 

137from .selectable import ReturnsRows as ReturnsRows 

138from .selectable import ScalarSelect as ScalarSelect 

139from .selectable import ScalarValues as ScalarValues 

140from .selectable import Select as Select 

141from .selectable import Selectable as Selectable 

142from .selectable import SelectBase as SelectBase 

143from .selectable import SelectLabelStyle as SelectLabelStyle 

144from .selectable import Subquery as Subquery 

145from .selectable import TableClause as TableClause 

146from .selectable import TableSample as TableSample 

147from .selectable import TableValuedAlias as TableValuedAlias 

148from .selectable import TextAsFrom as TextAsFrom 

149from .selectable import TextualSelect as TextualSelect 

150from .selectable import Values as Values 

151from .visitors import Visitable as Visitable 

152 

153nullsfirst = nulls_first 

154"""Synonym for the :func:`.nulls_first` function.""" 

155 

156 

157nullslast = nulls_last 

158"""Synonym for the :func:`.nulls_last` function."""