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1# sql/expression.py 

2# Copyright (C) 2005-2025 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors 

3# <see AUTHORS file> 

4# 

5# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under 

6# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php 

7 

8"""Defines the public namespace for SQL expression constructs.""" 

9 

10 

11from __future__ import annotations 

12 

13from ._dml_constructors import delete as delete 

14from ._dml_constructors import insert as insert 

15from ._dml_constructors import update as update 

16from ._elements_constructors import aggregate_order_by as aggregate_order_by 

17from ._elements_constructors import all_ as all_ 

18from ._elements_constructors import and_ as and_ 

19from ._elements_constructors import any_ as any_ 

20from ._elements_constructors import asc as asc 

21from ._elements_constructors import between as between 

22from ._elements_constructors import bindparam as bindparam 

23from ._elements_constructors import bitwise_not as bitwise_not 

24from ._elements_constructors import case as case 

25from ._elements_constructors import cast as cast 

26from ._elements_constructors import collate as collate 

27from ._elements_constructors import column as column 

28from ._elements_constructors import desc as desc 

29from ._elements_constructors import distinct as distinct 

30from ._elements_constructors import extract as extract 

31from ._elements_constructors import false as false 

32from ._elements_constructors import from_dml_column as from_dml_column 

33from ._elements_constructors import funcfilter as funcfilter 

34from ._elements_constructors import label as label 

35from ._elements_constructors import not_ as not_ 

36from ._elements_constructors import null as null 

37from ._elements_constructors import nulls_first as nulls_first 

38from ._elements_constructors import nulls_last as nulls_last 

39from ._elements_constructors import or_ as or_ 

40from ._elements_constructors import outparam as outparam 

41from ._elements_constructors import over as over 

42from ._elements_constructors import text as text 

43from ._elements_constructors import true as true 

44from ._elements_constructors import try_cast as try_cast 

45from ._elements_constructors import tuple_ as tuple_ 

46from ._elements_constructors import type_coerce as type_coerce 

47from ._elements_constructors import within_group as within_group 

48from ._selectable_constructors import alias as alias 

49from ._selectable_constructors import cte as cte 

50from ._selectable_constructors import except_ as except_ 

51from ._selectable_constructors import except_all as except_all 

52from ._selectable_constructors import exists as exists 

53from ._selectable_constructors import intersect as intersect 

54from ._selectable_constructors import intersect_all as intersect_all 

55from ._selectable_constructors import join as join 

56from ._selectable_constructors import lateral as lateral 

57from ._selectable_constructors import outerjoin as outerjoin 

58from ._selectable_constructors import select as select 

59from ._selectable_constructors import table as table 

60from ._selectable_constructors import tablesample as tablesample 

61from ._selectable_constructors import union as union 

62from ._selectable_constructors import union_all as union_all 

63from ._selectable_constructors import values as values 

64from ._typing import ColumnExpressionArgument as ColumnExpressionArgument 

65from .base import _from_objects as _from_objects 

66from .base import _select_iterables as _select_iterables 

67from .base import ColumnCollection as ColumnCollection 

68from .base import Executable as Executable 

69from .base import ExecutableStatement as ExecutableStatement 

70from .cache_key import CacheKey as CacheKey 

71from .dml import Delete as Delete 

72from .dml import Insert as Insert 

73from .dml import Update as Update 

74from .dml import UpdateBase as UpdateBase 

75from .dml import ValuesBase as ValuesBase 

76from .elements import _truncated_label as _truncated_label 

77from .elements import AggregateOrderBy as AggregateOrderBy 

78from .elements import BinaryExpression as BinaryExpression 

79from .elements import BindParameter as BindParameter 

80from .elements import BooleanClauseList as BooleanClauseList 

81from .elements import Case as Case 

82from .elements import Cast as Cast 

83from .elements import ClauseElement as ClauseElement 

84from .elements import ClauseList as ClauseList 

85from .elements import CollectionAggregate as CollectionAggregate 

86from .elements import ColumnClause as ColumnClause 

87from .elements import ColumnElement as ColumnElement 

88from .elements import DMLTargetCopy as DMLTargetCopy 

89from .elements import ExpressionClauseList as ExpressionClauseList 

90from .elements import Extract as Extract 

91from .elements import False_ as False_ 

92from .elements import FrameClause as FrameClause 

93from .elements import FrameClauseType as FrameClauseType 

94from .elements import FunctionFilter as FunctionFilter 

95from .elements import Grouping as Grouping 

96from .elements import Label as Label 

97from .elements import literal as literal 

98from .elements import literal_column as literal_column 

99from .elements import Null as Null 

100from .elements import OrderByList as OrderByList 

101from .elements import Over as Over 

102from .elements import quoted_name as quoted_name 

103from .elements import ReleaseSavepointClause as ReleaseSavepointClause 

104from .elements import RollbackToSavepointClause as RollbackToSavepointClause 

105from .elements import SavepointClause as SavepointClause 

106from .elements import SQLColumnExpression as SQLColumnExpression 

107from .elements import TextClause as TextClause 

108from .elements import True_ as True_ 

109from .elements import TryCast as TryCast 

110from .elements import Tuple as Tuple 

111from .elements import TypeClause as TypeClause 

112from .elements import TypeCoerce as TypeCoerce 

113from .elements import UnaryExpression as UnaryExpression 

114from .elements import WithinGroup as WithinGroup 

115from .functions import func as func 

116from .functions import Function as Function 

117from .functions import FunctionElement as FunctionElement 

118from .functions import modifier as modifier 

119from .lambdas import lambda_stmt as lambda_stmt 

120from .lambdas import LambdaElement as LambdaElement 

121from .lambdas import StatementLambdaElement as StatementLambdaElement 

122from .operators import ColumnOperators as ColumnOperators 

123from .operators import custom_op as custom_op 

124from .operators import OperatorClass as OperatorClass 

125from .operators import Operators as Operators 

126from .selectable import Alias as Alias 

127from .selectable import AliasedReturnsRows as AliasedReturnsRows 

128from .selectable import CompoundSelect as CompoundSelect 

129from .selectable import CTE as CTE 

130from .selectable import Exists as Exists 

131from .selectable import FromClause as FromClause 

132from .selectable import FromGrouping as FromGrouping 

133from .selectable import GenerativeSelect as GenerativeSelect 

134from .selectable import HasCTE as HasCTE 

135from .selectable import HasPrefixes as HasPrefixes 

136from .selectable import HasSuffixes as HasSuffixes 

137from .selectable import Join as Join 

138from .selectable import LABEL_STYLE_DEFAULT as LABEL_STYLE_DEFAULT 

139from .selectable import ( 

140 LABEL_STYLE_DISAMBIGUATE_ONLY as LABEL_STYLE_DISAMBIGUATE_ONLY, 

141) 

142from .selectable import LABEL_STYLE_NONE as LABEL_STYLE_NONE 

143from .selectable import ( 

144 LABEL_STYLE_TABLENAME_PLUS_COL as LABEL_STYLE_TABLENAME_PLUS_COL, 

145) 

146from .selectable import Lateral as Lateral 

147from .selectable import ReturnsRows as ReturnsRows 

148from .selectable import ScalarSelect as ScalarSelect 

149from .selectable import ScalarValues as ScalarValues 

150from .selectable import Select as Select 

151from .selectable import Selectable as Selectable 

152from .selectable import SelectBase as SelectBase 

153from .selectable import SelectLabelStyle as SelectLabelStyle 

154from .selectable import Subquery as Subquery 

155from .selectable import TableClause as TableClause 

156from .selectable import TableSample as TableSample 

157from .selectable import TableValuedAlias as TableValuedAlias 

158from .selectable import TextAsFrom as TextAsFrom 

159from .selectable import TextualSelect as TextualSelect 

160from .selectable import Values as Values 

161from .visitors import Visitable as Visitable 

162 

163nullsfirst = nulls_first 

164"""Synonym for the :func:`.nulls_first` function.""" 

165 

166 

167nullslast = nulls_last 

168"""Synonym for the :func:`.nulls_last` function."""